Manual for Soil Analysis-Monitoring and Assessing Soil Bioremediant Phần 1 ppt

[...]... composite samples 1, 2, and 3 by: – Mixing single samples of positions 1, 4, 7, 10 , 13 , and 16 to give composite sample 1 – Mixing single samples of positions 2, 5, 8, 11 , 14 , and 17 to give composite sample 2 – Mixing single samples of positions 3, 6, 9, 12 , 15 , and 18 to give composite sample 3 Fig 1. 3 Rotating diagonals pattern for permanently monitored areas 1 Soil Sampling and Storage 15 6 Rotational... lines and 6 columns (Fig 1. 8): 1 For the first cell (line 1, column 1) , x- and y-coordinates are chosen at random 2 For cells 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 only the y-coordinates are chosen at random 3 For cells 7, 13 , and 19 , only the x-coordinates are chosen at random 4 All sampling points are now located on the grid: For all sampling points in the columns, the y-coordinates of cells 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are valid, and. .. objective of sampling and should be done after consideration by the analyst or scientist responsible for subsequent determination ISO 10 3 81- 2 (2002) gives guidance on commonly used equipment for sampling soil and related material Parts 4, 5, and 6 of ISO 10 3 81 describe needs for specific purposes within their scopes 1 Soil Sampling and Storage 7 1. 3 Sampling Strategy 1. 3 .1 General The strategy for the site... Berlin, Germany 1 Soil Sampling and Storage Andreas Paetz, Berndt-Michael Wilke 1. 1 Objective of Soil Sampling 1. 1 .1 Principal Objectives General Samples are collected and examined primarily to determine their physical, chemical, biological, and radiological properties This section outlines the more important factors which should be considered when devising a sampling program for soil and related material...Contents XI 12 Interpretation of Fatty Acid Profiles of Soil Microorganisms 2 51 David B Hedrick, Aaron Peacock, David C White 12 .1 Obtaining Fatty Acid Profiles from Soil Samples 2 51 12.2 Transforming Fatty Acid Peak Areas to Total Microbial Biomass 252 12 .3 Calculation and Interpretation of Community Structure 254 12 .3 .1 Standard Community Structure Method 254 12 .3.2 Custom Community... 306 17 Determination of Enzyme Activities in Contaminated Soil 309 Rosa Margesin 17 .1 General Introduction 309 17 .2 Lipase-Esterase Activity 310 17 .3 Fluorescein Diacetate Hydrolytic Activity 313 17 .4 Dehydrogenase Activity 316 References 319 18 Assessment of Ecotoxicity of Contaminated Soil Using Bioassays 3 21 Adolf Eisentraeger, Kerstin Hund-Rinke, Joerg Roembke 18 .1. .. Soil/ Microorganisms, Soil/ Soil Fauna, Soil/ Higher Plants 334 18 .5 .1 Respiration Curve Test 334 18 .5.2 Ammonium Oxidation Test 337 18 .5.3 Combined Earthworm Mortality/Reproduction Test 340 18 .5.4 Collembola Reproduction Test 342 18 .5.5 Plant Growth Test 344 18 .5.6 Test Performance for the Derivation of Threshold Values 346 18 .6 Combined Performance of Bioassays and Assessment... and also at greater depths but sometimes without exact distinction of horizons or layers The guidance given in ISO 10 3 81- 4 (2003) will be particularly relevant Sampling for Preparation of Soil Maps Soil maps may be used in soil description, land appraisal (taxation), and for soil monitoring sites to establish the basic information on the genesis and distribution of naturally occurring or man-made soils,... Roembke 18 .1 General Introduction: Strategy 3 21 18.2 Sample Preparation 323 18 .3 Water-Extractable Ecotoxicity 330 18 .3 .1 Vibrio fischeri Luminescence-Inhibition Assay 330 18 .3.2 Desmodesmus subspicatus Growth-Inhibition Assay 3 31 18.4 Water-Extractable Genotoxicity 332 18 .4 .1 The umu Test 332 18 .4.2 Salmonella/Microsome Assay (Ames Test) 333 18 .5 Habitat Function: Soil/ Microorganisms,... Technique) 268 13 .4 Enumeration by Culture on Solid Medium (Plate Count Technique) 272 References 279 14 Quantification of Soil Microbial Biomass by Fumigation-Extraction 2 81 Rainer Georg Joergensen, Philip C Brookes 14 .1 General Introduction 2 81 14.2 Fumigation and Extraction 282 14 .3 Biomass C 284 14 .3 .1 Biomass C by Dichromate Oxidation 284 14 .3.2 Biomass C . Soil Sampling 1 1 .1. 1 Principal Objectives 1 1 .1. 2 Specific Objectives 4 1. 2 Selection of Sampling Technique 6 1. 3 Sampling Strategy 7 1. 3 .1 General 7 1. 3.2 Preliminary Investigation 7 1. 3.3 Exploratory. 228 11 Bioreporter Technology for Monitoring Soil Bioremediation 233 Steven Ripp 11 .1 General Introduction 233 11 .2 A n Overview of Reporter Systems for Soil Bioremediation Application 235 11 .3. Radiorespirometry 18 9 JonE.Lindstrom,JoanF.Braddock References 19 8 10 Molecular Techniques for Monitoring and Assessing Soil Bioremediation 2 01 Lyle G. Whyte, Charles W. Greer 10 .1 General Introduction 2 01 10.2