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Bibliography 253 Bibliography 4/30/97 4:13 PM Page 253 [...]... see moral status, unicriterial accounts moral agency 4–5, 19, 50, 90, 95, 100 –6, 109 10, 120–1, 143–4, 156–64, 169, 174, 209, 224–6, 228 moral common sense 21–2, 39, 84, 87, 115, 149, 160, 172, 177, 242 moral dilemmas 40–1 moral feelings 12; see also caring; empathy; social instincts moral law 96–8, 156 moral monism 20 moral nihilism 6 moral patients 110 moral persons 104 –5 moral pluralism 20 moral. .. principles 104 , 138–9, 145–6, 147 moral reasoning 102 –5, 138–9, 149 moral rights 77–8, 89, 99, 101 , 106 , 145–6, 156–63, 174, 227–8; see also right to bodily integrity; right to liberty; right to life; right to religious freedom; right to reproduce moral rules 138–9, 145–6, 153 moral status concept 4, 9 10 defined 3 multi-criterial account 19–23, 148– 77, 181–3, 218, 224, 240–2 need 10 3 role in moral theory... of embryos 203–4 Indonesia 226 infanticide 92, 165–6 infants 10, 19, 70, 76, 88–9, 101 –2, 105 , 108 , 118, 136, 139, 164–5, 181, 192, 205, 207, 217–19 inherent value 109 10, 118, 167–8, 238 inherent worth 38, 238 injustice 145, 170 insecticides 155 insects 32–3, 61–2, 79, 86, 151, 157 instrumental value 15, 49, 109 , 150, 167 intelligible world 100 interests 66–7, 78–84 Interspecific principle 168–70, 183,... language 61, 82, 107 –8, 158, 161–2, 225, 239 and apes 161–2 and belief 107 –8 and moral agency 158, 161–4 pidgin 162 and self-awareness 8 and sentience 61 sign 161–2 Latin America 210, 221 Leakey, Richard 12 n Lee, Tanith 93 n Lem, Stanislaw 160 n Leopold, Aldo 72, 112, 123–6, 127 Lewin, Roger 12 n life 18, 25–49, 202–4 as criterion of moral status 18, 24, 30–49 defined 25–30 and moral status of foetuses... Animal Rights view animals 10, 14–17, 20, 57–63, 70–1, 78, 85–6, 106 –19, 129–30, 140–1, 181, 226–9, 235 captive and domestic 129–30, 168–70, 185, 226, 230–2, 234–7 genetically engineered 235 and language 57, 161–3 moral rights 78, 106 –19, 227–9 use in biomedical research 14, 70–1, 85–6, 118 wild 111–12, 130 Animal Rights view 16, 89, 106 –19, 227, 229 animism 7 anthropocentrism 5, 10, 17, 41–4, 150, 169... 203, 205; see also foetuses emotion 19, 55–6, 74–7, 96–7, 100 , 103 , 107 , 118, 125, 137–8, 140–5, 157–8, 161, 164, 174, 199, 207–8, 213; see also caring; empathy; social instincts empathy 43, 141, 143–4, 146, 151–4, 175, 208 endangered species 18, 127, 130, 167, 181, 226, 240 endemic species 114–15 endorphins 62 ends in themselves 4–5, 98 100 , 102 , 109 , 120, 122 English, Jane 213–14 environmental ethics... People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals 115 perfect duty 99 perfectionist theory of justice 109 persistent vegetative state 166, 197–8 persons 18–19, 85–6, 90, 91–5, 104 –5, 164 defined 91–5 maximalist vs minimalist definition 90, 94–5, 119–20 moral status 85–6, 90–4, 96, 98 101 , 119–21 potential personhood 105 –7; see also Agent’s Rights principle Personhood Only view 90–121 Personhood Plus view 119–21... n, 61 rainforests 17, 22 rape 201, 222 rational agents, see moral agency rational egoism 143–4 rationality 18, 89, 91, 103 ; see also moral agency rats 116–18, 140, 226, 228 Rawls, John 104 –5, 138 n, 156 reason 12–13, 20, 31, 62, 65, 69, 95 100 , 121, 124–5, 138, 149–51, 156, 158, 165, 225; see also rationality receptacles for utility 77–8, 109 reciprocity 139–42, 159, 161, 163, 166, 225–6 reductive... Data, the android 56 death 110, 152, 185–200, 210; see also brain death; euthanasia death penalty 163, 182 deep ecology 17, 19, 72, 74 deer 112–13, 130 deontology 4–5, 89, 132, 138, 229; see also Kant, Immanuel Descartes, René 36–7, 57, 58 deities, see gods and goddesses desires 4, 18, 35, 107 –8 and interests 66 and value of life 35, 69, 80, 110, 218–19, 225–6 dignity 4, 98, 103 , 190 diploid cells 203... 13–14 Index 4/30/97 4:17 PM Page 261 Index uni-criterial accounts 17, 20–3, 122, 132, 172, 176–7, 183–4, 224, 240–1 moral subjectivism 6, 175–6 moral virtues 14, 103 –4, 124–5, 155 mosquitos 39, 155, 226, 228 mothers 125, 139, 215–18 mountains 24, 112, 131 multi-criterial account, see moral status murder 77, 134, 135, 187, 191, 194, 203, 208 Nagel, Thomas 52–3, 58, 153 naming 165, 169 Narveson, Jan 65 . 177, 242 moral dilemmas 40–1 moral feelings 12; see also caring; em- pathy; social instincts moral law 96–8, 156 moral monism 20 moral nihilism 6 moral patients 110 moral persons 104 –5 moral pluralism. 208 molluscs 62 monistic accounts, see moral status, uni- criterial accounts moral agency 4–5, 19, 50, 90, 95, 100 –6, 109 10, 120–1, 143–4, 156–64, 169, 174, 209, 224–6, 228 moral common sense 21–2, 39,. 110 moral persons 104 –5 moral pluralism 20 moral principles 104 , 138–9, 145–6, 147 moral reasoning 102 –5, 138–9, 149 moral rights 77–8, 89, 99, 101 , 106 , 145–6, 156–63, 174, 227–8; see also right