TÓM TẮT VỀ ADJP, ADVP & PPP pptx

II.3> ADJECTIVE PHRASEII.3.1> Structure Pre-modification + HEAD ADJECTIVE + Post-modification E.g.: surprisingly strange in her thinking Pre-modification Head Adj... -an infinitive claus

II.3> ADJECTIVE PHRASE

II.3.1> Structure

Pre-modification

+ HEAD ADJECTIVE

+ Post-modification

E.g.: surprisingly strange in her thinking

Pre-modification Head Adj Post-modification

- a pre-adjectival modifier which is

a degree adverb

e.g.: very beautiful

- a general adverb

e.g.: breath-talkingly beautiful

-an infinitive clause, a prepositional phrase

or that-clause

E.g.:

• worried about the unemployment

PP

• afraid to be at home alone

to Inf P

• afraid that she won’t come

that-Cl

II.3.2> Functions

• attributively function as a pre-nominal

modifier

E.g.: a difficult to express feeling;

• predicatively function as subject

complement, object complement

E.g.: He is totally reliable.

SC

I find her so kind.

OC

• be a post-nominal modifier

E.g.: Someone highly responsible to take over this job is always out there.

post nominal Mod

IV> Adverb phrase IV.1> Structure

Another adverb

+ HEAD ADVERD

• e.g.: extremely hard, totally

differently, breath-takingly beautifully.

IV.2> Functions

• an adjunct to provide circumstantial

information about the action, process

or event, e.g.: too late (time), just right

there (place), highly proudly (manner)

• a conjunct to connect one clause or

sentence to another, e.g.: ….,

however, I still want to believe her;

• a disjunct to refer to the

expression of the speaker’s stance

or attitude to what he is saying and reflect explicitly the way in which a speaker intends what he is about to say to be interpreted

• e.g.: Honestly speaking, I’ve given

jobs to many people.

II.5> PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE

II.5.1> Structure

PREPOSITION

+ NOUN PHRASE

E.g in the corner, inside the

bottom of her heart.

II.5.2> Functions

- adverbial to be adjunct (that is movable)

e.g.: He whispers in a threatening tone (OR In a

threatening tone he whispers)

- nominal to be complement of adjective (that is not

transposable)

e.g.: He was hopeful of a change (NOT Of a change he

was hopeful)

- nominal to be object of verb

e.g look at the studenthood photos

- adjectival to be post-nominal modifier

e.g an order from an out-of-town customer