Unit 7: Economic reforms pps

Unit 7: Vocabulary: I Reading: measure /e/ (n) biện pháp constantly (adv) thường xuyên carry out (v) thực restructure (v) tái kiến thiết The six National Congress: Đại hội đảng lần ['kỴNgres] communist (n) người cộng sản standard (n) tiêu chuẩn experience (v) kinh nghiệm under-developed (adj) phát triển 10 stagnant (adj) ['stỉgn±nt] trì trệ 11 dominate (v) ngự trị, thống trị 12 inflate /ei/ (v) gây lạm phát, thổi phồng inflation (n) lạm phát 13 sector (n) lãnh thổ 14 renovation /ei/(n) đổi 15 eliminate /i/ (v) loại trừ elimination (n) loại trừ 16 shortage (n) thiếu hụt 17 subsidy ['sÝbsidi] (n) bao cấp 18 export ['ekspỴ:t] (n) hàng xuất export [ik'spỴ:t] (v) xuất 19 open trade relations: mở mối quan hệ thương mại 20 encourage [in'kÝridZ] (v) khuyến khích encouragement (n) khuến khích 21 private /ai/ (adj) tư nhân 22 investment /e/ (n) đầu tư 23 commitment /i/ (n) cam kết 24 subsequent /Ý/(adj) theo sau 25 adopt (v) thực 26 dissolve (v) giải thể, giải tán 27 domestic (adj) nội địa 28 legal /i:/ (a) hợp pháp ≠ illegal 29 legal grounds (n) sở pháp lý /au/ 30 reform (v) cải cách 31 Land Law (n) luật đất đai 32 Enterprises Law (n) Luật doanh nghiệp 33 agriculture (n) nông nghiệp 34 agricultural (a) thuộc nông nghiệp 35 minority [mai'n{r±ti](n) thiểu số 36 gain (v) đạt 37 subtantial (adj) đáng kể, lớn lao 38 achievement [±'tSi:vm±nt] (n) thành tựu 39 build a better life (v) xây dựng sống tốt 40 economic (a) thuộc kinh tế economical (a) tiết kiệm II Speaking: achieve /i:/ (v) đạt change (v) (n) thay đổi positive effect (n) ành hưởng khả quan health care (n) y tế suggest (v) đề nghị sector (n) thành phần curriculum /i/ (n) chương trình method ['meH±d] (n) phương pháp qualified (a) qua đào tạo 10 scholarship (n) học bổng 11 sensitivity (n) nhạy cảm 12 sensitivity of doctors and nurses: lương tâm … 13 health insurance (n) bảo hiểm 14 medical equipment (n) thiết bị y khoa 15 facility /i/ (n) phương tiện 16 advanced (a) tiến 17 technique (n) kĩ thuật 18 fertiliser [‘fÄ:t±laiz±] (n) phân bón 19 pesticide (n) thuốc trừ sâu 20 professional responsibilities (n) trách nhiệm nghề nghiệp 21 policy (n) sách 22 dyke /ai/ (n) rãnh hào mương 23 efficient (a) có hiệu 24 irrigation (n) tười nuớc, dẫn nước 25 drainage system (n) hệ thống cống rãnh 26 insecticide (n) thuốc trừ sâu 27 salary (n) lương 28 disadvantaged (a) bị thiệt thòi III Listening: inhabitant /æ/ (n) cư dân island /ai/ (n) hò đảo discover [dis'kÝv±(r)] (v) khám phá powerful drug (n) thuốc mạnh rationally ['ræS±nl] (a) có lý trí enable [i'neibl] (v) làm cho unfortunately (adv) bất hạnh thay have bad effects on : có ảnh hưởng xấu take notice (of sth): ý 10 in ruins ['ru:inz] : bị huỷ hoại 11 take measures : tiến hành biện pháp 12 force (v) bắt buộc 13 prevent … from : ngăn cản 14 situation : tình 15 on the contrary: trái lại 16 drug-taker (n) người uống thuốc 17 fin a solution (v) tìm giải pháp 18 prison (n) nhà tù 19 eventually (adv) cuối 20 allow (v) cho phép IV Writing: 1 detail ['di:teil] (n) chi tiết as a result of : kết overall economic reform : cải cách kinh tế hịan tồn [,ri:'fỴ:m] stagnant (a) trì trệ under-developed (a) phát triển increase /i:/ (v) tăng decrease /i:/ (v) giảm steadily (adv) ổn định by 3.5 % = by three point five percent 10 make a decision = decide : định V Language focus: vacation (n) chuyến nghỉ mát advise sb to sth: khuyên cigarette (n) thuốc in time : kịp lúc sleepy (a) buồn ngủ recognize (v) nhận pack (v) chất đồ (vào ba lô) wear –wore –worn : mặc understand- understood- understood 10 be on (v) mở 11 coat (n) áo choàng 12 manage (v) xoay sở SPECIFIC RULES: 10 11 Because / Although it rains (heavily) it snows S + V + O He/ she/ they + be + adj The + N + be + adj His Her … There + be + NP He / she / they + V + adv Sth + was / were + invented developed liberated discovered It + be noisy He / she / they + can’t + V0 Because of / Despite the (heavy) rain the snow (Not) + Ving + O … His / her / their + N The + adj + N His Her … NP His / her / their + adj + N the invention + of + sth development liberation discovery the noise His / her /their inability + to V0 Exercise 1: Match the following examples with the rules above: a She hurried because it rained → She hurries because of the rain b We can see a football match at home because they invented television → We can see a football match at home because of the invention of television c Because she can’t write, her brother writes for her → Because of her inability to write, her brother writes for her d We couldn’t homework because it was noisy → We couldn’t homework because of the noise e Because there was a war, they didn’t return home → Because of a war, they didn’t return home f Although she ran quickly to the station, she couldn’t catch the train → Despite running quickly to the station, she couldn’t catch the train g Even though she behaved badly, her parents still supported her → Despite her bad behaviour, her parents still supported her h They went ahead although the weather was bad → They went ahead despite the bad weather i He stayed at home because his mother was sick → Because of his sick mother, he stayed at home Notes: Because = as = since : Because of = due to = owing to = thanks to = on account of = as a result of Although = even though = though : Despite = in spite of = notwithstanding although = despite the fact that = in spite the fact that 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 Adj / Verb absent (adj) advise (v) → angry behave (v) → bored (adj) cloudy (adj) cold (adj) → dark (adj) difficult (adj) dislike (v) → drop (v) fail (v) hot (adj) hungry ill (adj) inexperienced (adj) kind (adj) kind-hearted (adj) lack (v) late (adj) love (v) negligent in sth (adj) plan (v) poor (adj) present practise (v) quarrel (v) rain (v) rich (adj) sad (adj) short (adj) sick (adj) snow (v) struggle (v) tired (adj) warn (v) wise (adj) [waiz] work (v) wound (v) Noun → absence vaéng mặt advice (against sth) : khuyên anger giận behaviour cư xử → boredom chán → cloud có mây cold lạnh → darkness /dark tối → difficulty khó khăn dislike for /of không thích → drop in hạ, giảm → failure thất bại → heat nóng hunger đói bụng → illness bệnh (cảm cúm, ….) → inexperience thiếu kinh nghiệm → kindness tốt , tử tế → kindheartedness tốt bụng → lack of sth thiếu → lateness trễ → love for yêu thích → negligence in lơ / ['neglidZ±ns] → plan đạt kế hoạch → poverty / poorness nghèo khổ presence (n) có mặt → practice thực tập → quarrel cãi lộn → rain mưa → richness giàu có → sadness buồn → shortage thiếu → sickness bệnh (hơi mệt, buồn nôn) → snow mưa tuyết → struggle đấu tranh → tiredness mệt → warnings thông báo, cảnh báo → wisdom ['wizd±m] thông thái → work → wound làm bị thương ( vết thương) More Exercises * Rewrite the sentences below, replace because by because of and vice versa: She didn't go to school yesterday because she was ill We can't sleep because of the hot weather She went to bed early because she felt tired John succeeded easily in his exam because of working hard and methodically Yesterday Alice was absent from class because she was ill The students couldn't the test because it was difficult They were late for the meeting because it rained heavily I couldn't drive fast because the street was crowded and narrow Because of the accident ,Tom couldn’t walk any more 10 Rice plants grow well in this region because the climate is favorable 11 The plane couldn't take off because it was foggy 12 The plane's landing was delayed because of fog 13 Because of the invention of plane, we can travel around the world in a short time 14 We stopped our car because of the red traffic lights 15 I can't read the letter because of the dark I So/ such … that: Công thức: S+V adj / adv so that (a / an) + adj + N such (adj) + N số nhiều so many so few (adj) + N số so much so little Ex: The weather was so cold that we couldn’t go out It was such cold weather that we couldn’t go out There are so many people that we can’t find Tom He ate so much meat that he got fat There is so little water that people couldn’t leave here II too … to : … nên S+ V S+ V + too + adj / adv (for O) + to V0 … Ex: The water was too hot for us to drink It is too late for us to it now III Enough : đủ để S +V adj / adv + enough (for +O) + to V0 S+ V enough + N (for + O) + to V0 Ex: The small boy had enough money to buy the toy car He worked hard enough to pass the exam Exercise 1: This pen is _ for me to buy a so expensive b too expensive c very expensive d enough expensive We have problems that we can’t go to bed early a too many b so much c too much d so many He is so clever that he can answer all my questions a He is too clever to answer all my questions b He is such clever boy that he can answer all my questions c He is such a clever boy that he can answer all my questions d He is enough clever to answer all my questions There was so much noise here that _ a we can’t concentrate on studying b to concentrate on studying c for us to concentrate on studying d we couldn’t concentrate on studying It was _ that we decided to stay at home a such a bad weather b so bad weather c too bad weather d such bad weather they can’t work a The weather was so cold that b The weather is such cold that c It is so cold that d There is so cold weather that Who has _ to lift the rock? a strong enough b enough strong c strength enough d enough strength She speaks _ that I can’t understand at all a such speed b so much speed c with such speed d so speedy The play was so popular that a many people want to see b many people want to see it c many people wanted to see d many people wanted to see it 10 There are that it takes me a long time to read them all a so much books b such much books c so many books d such many books 11 Your dog a is so fierce to come near it b is too fierce for me to come near it c is fierce enough for me to come near it d is too fierce for me to come near 12 Bill is too foolish to understand what I say a Bill is enough foolish to understand what I say b Bill isn’t foolish enough to understand what I say c Bill is so foolish that he couldn’t understand what I say d Bill is so foolish that he can’t understand what I say 13 These shoes are too small for my feet a These shoes are not big enough for my feet b These shoes are not enough big for my feet c These shoes are not very big for my feet d These shoes are so small that for my feet 14 The weather conditions became all mountain roads were closed a so dangerous that b such dangerous that c too dangerous to d dangerous enough that 15 The film was very good We all liked it → It was such a _ Exercise 2: 1.The sun shone brightly that Maria had to put on her sunglasses Dean was a powerful swimmer that he always won the races There were _ few students registered that the class was cancelled We had wonderful memories of that place that we decided to return We had good a time at the party that we hated to leave The benefit was great a success that the promoters decided to repeat it It was a nice day that we decided to go to the beach Jane looked sick that the nurse told her to go home Those were difficult assignments that we spent two weeks finishing them 10 Ray called at an early hour that we weren't awake yet Exercise 3: Combine two sentences, using "so that" or "such that": The sun shone brightly Maria had to put on her sunglasses _ Dean was a powerful swimmer He always won the races _ There were few students registered The class was cancelled _ The house was beautiful I took picture of it _ This coffee is strong I can't drink it _ This is a good film I want to see it again and again _ There was a lot of food Everyone ate too much _ There were a lot of guests There wasn't enough food _ I ate a lot of sandwiches I felt uneasy _ 10 David has a lot of work to He can't come tonight _ 11 He was very sick He was sent to the hospital _ 12 It was very dark He couldn't see anything _ 13 He has very wide knowledge We can't help admiring him _ 14 His conduct is very good All his teachers love him _ 15 Mary has a beautiful voice We all like to hear her sing _ 16 John is still very weak He can't walk without a stick _ 17 My father has a very good health He seldom takes any medicines _ 18 There is too much noise We can't learn our lessons _ 19 My friend is very strong He can lift up the table by himself _ 20 Bill is an intelligent boy He is always at the top of his class _ Exercise 4: Complete the following sentences: This is such a heavy package that It is such a warm day that That was such a good movie that We had such a good time that This is such a difFicult lesson that There is so much noise here that That book is so interesting that They are such high mountains that She speaks with such speed that 10 She is such a busy person that Exercise 5: Fill in the blanks with SO MUCH or SO MANY: We have problems that we can't go to bed early Why have you got furniture? There was food that everyone ate too much There were guests that there wasn't enough food Why did you buy beer? Doctor Simmon has patients that he's always busy I ate sandwiches that I felt ill My father has work to that he can't come back home tonight Why did he drink wine? 10 They drank _ wine that they couldn't walk Exercise 6: Rewrite the sentences below, using "ENOUGH" instead of "TOO": He is too old to wear this coloured shirt She is too weak to carry this bag This pen is too expensive for me to buy Bill is too foolish to understand what I say This bag is too heavy for her to carry The test was too difFicult for them to That sentence was too long for me to memorize The land is too fertile to grow crops The room is too noisy for us to study 10 This book is too dull to read 11 We were too late to get good seats 12 Jack is too lazy to make progress in his study 13 I'm too poor to help you with the money 14 These oranges are too sour for us to eat 15 The shelf is too high for the boy to reach I General rule: Subject NGƯỜI WHO VẬT WHICH Object WHOM WHICH Possessive adjective WHOSE WHOSE/ OF WHICH THAT who: We meet the man He is a professor We meet the man who is a professor S whom: She talked to the boy We met him in the zoo She talked to the boy whom we met in the zoo O which a He shouted at the dog It barked loudly He shouted at the dog which barked loudly S b The dog barked loudly He called it The dog which he called barked loudly O whose + N: thay cho tính từ sở hữu (his / her / their ) a The teacher was angry The students didn’t pay attention to his lesson The teacher whose lesson the students didn’t pay attention to was angry O b Do you know the woman? Her son has lost Do you know the woman whose son has lost? S That: thay theá cho: Who, whom, which… (that theo sau dấu phẩy giới từ) The girl won the championship She was really talented The girl that (= who) was really talented won the championship Các trường nên dùng that: - sau so sánh nhất: - ñi sau: all, same, any, only, the first, the last - sau đại từ bất định: no one, someone, anyone, something, nothing, anything … - danh từ trước hỗn hợp vật người of which: We should throw away the table The leg of the table was broken We should throw away the table the leg of which / of which the leg was broken whose leg It’s _ that / who + clause: (cấu trúc nhấn mạnh) a) Peter must clean the window It’s Peter who / that must clean the window b) Your dog bit the old man It was your dog that bit the old man (không dùng which trường hợp này) c) They were captured because he was incompetent It was because he was incompetent that they were captured * Khi danh từ đứng trước mệnh đề quan hệ rõ nghóa( tên riêng, vật nhất, có tính từ sở hữu: his, my, her, có tính từ định: this , that, these, those, … ) ta dùng mệnh đề không giới hạn Lúc phải có dấu phẩy ngăn cách mệnh đề với mệnh đề quan hệ Ex: My mother, who is very beautiful, loves me very much I General rule: S + V + S II O +… + BE + V3 … by + O (chia theo câu chủ động) Ex: - She usually takes my car → My car is usually taken by her - He has sent his son to another school → His son has been sent to another school Active  passive: V1 am / is / are + V3 V2 was / were + V3 am/ is / are + Ving am/ is /are + being + V3 was / were + Ving was / were + being + V3 has / have + V3 has / have + been + V3 had + v3 had + been + v3 will / would will / would can / could + V0 can / could + be + V3 may / might may / might (nguyên mẫu) must must be going to be going to have to + V0 have to + be + V3 used to (nguyên mẫu) used to like like continue continue have + sb + V0 + sth have + sth + V3 + +(by +sb) 10 get + sb + to + V0 + sth get + sth + V3 + + (by sb) (chỉ dùng ‘get’) ask tell 11 give given bring brought buy + sb + sth sb + be + bought + sth lend lent show shown 12 13 14 15 * Notes: give bring buy + sth + prep + sb lend show see hear + O + Ving smell see hear + O + V0 smell make + O + V0 Phải bỏ : given brought sth + be + bought + prep +sb lent shown seen s+ be + heard + Ving smelt seen s + be + heard + to + V0 smelt s + be + made + to + V0 by someone// by people // by no one Bỏ : by them : I Dạng phổ biến: Type (loại) 1) Possible future 2) Untrue present 3) Untrue past không cần thiết If clause S + V1(s/es) S + V2 / were S + had + V3 Main clause S + will + V0 S + would + V0 S + would have + V3 Ex: If she takes a taxi, she will come on time If I were you, I would tell her the truth If I had a car, I would take you around the city If she had studied hard, she would have passed the exam II Dạng đảo ngữ: Type (loại) If clause Main clause Should + S + V0 … S + will + V0 2) Untrue present Were + S + adj/ NP … S + would + V0 Were + S + to V0 … 3) Untrue past Had + S + V3 … S + would have + V3 Ex: Should she take a taxi, she will come on time Were I you, I would tell her the truth Were I to have a car, I would take you around the city Had she studied hard, she would have passed the exam III Dạng rút gọn: 1) Possible future Type (loaïi) Untrue present Untrue past If clause But for + NP Without + NP Main clause S + would + V0 S + would have + V3 Ex: If it hadn’t been for his help, we wouldn’t have succeeded → But for his help, we wouldn’t have succeeded (Nếu không có) Type (loại) 1) Possible future 2) Untrue present Main clause S + wish(ed) Wish clause S + would / could + V0 S + V2 / were S + were + Ving S + had + V3 3) Untrue past Ex: She wishes she could visit London I wish I were a president They wish they hadn’t stayed up late yesterday Exercise 1: _, you will cut yourself with that knife a If you are careful b Unless you are careful c But for you are careful d You are careful If you not like this one, I'll bring you another a Unless you like this one, I won’t bring you another b Unless I won’t bring you another, you like this one c Unless you like this one, I will bring you another 10 d As long as you like this one, I will bring you another I would not be able to any work if I didn’t have a quiet room a I have a quiet room so I will be able to work b I don’t have a quiet room so I will be able to work c I don’t have a quiet room so can’t work d I didn’t have a quiet room so I couldn’t work If she does not hurry, _ a she would be late b she won’t be late c she is late d she'll be late _, our crops would be better a If we have more rain b Were we to have more rain c If we had more rain d b and c The crops would have been ruined if the flood had risen higher a The crops weren’t ruined because the floor didn’t rise higher b The crops aren’t ruined because the floor don’t rise higher c The floor didn’t rise higher because the crops weren’t ruined d The crops hadn’t been ruined because the floor hadn’t risen higher If you , he wouldn't have known that we were there a have not sneezed b had not sneezed c didn’t sneeze d were going to sneeze If she did her hair differently, she quite nice a will look b would look c would have looked d looks We lost the game since John didn’t play for our football team a If John hadn’t played for our football team, we would not have lost the game b If John had played for our football team, we would not have lost the game c If John played for our football team, we would not lose the game d If John plays for our football team, we won’t lose the game 10 If I had won a big prize in a lottery, I'd have given up my job a If had I won a big prize in a lottery, I'd have given up my job b Were I to win a big prize in a lottery, I'd have given up my job c Should I win a big prize in a lottery, I'd have given up my job d Had I won a big prize in a lottery, I'd have given up my job Exercise 2: Without his help, we would all die → If it _ Although Judy was severely disabled, she participated in many sports → Despite The taxi went the wrong way, so Kate missed her flight → If _ You don’t an exercise and that’s why you put on weight → If _ Go on a holiday and you will feel better → If _ Although I went to the countryside, I didn’t find the fresh air → In spite of It took them weeks to get through the forest → They Those are the bookstores I usually buy reference books at some of these bookstores (relative clause) → Tam refused to take the job because he was not capable → If → Had _ 10 People come from Holland They are Dutch → People _ 11 11 It’s your fault we got wet You didn’t take an umbrella → If _ 12 Mary not only dances but sings as well → Not only 13 Even though he got angry, he remained calm in the party → Despite 14 The musical was so successful that all the tickets were sold → The musical was such _ 15 They crossed the Atlantic in three weeks → It Exercise 3: Supply the correct answer: Mathematics (play) an important part in our life Each boy (have) an exercise book Who _ (already take) my motorbike? What he said (be) unreliable Eight hours (be) enough for me to sleep Ten kilometres (be) a long way to walk Neither I nor he (like) football One of his friends _ (come) from Cau Ngang There (be) many cats in your house 10 What _ (happen) to you? 11 Bread and butter my favorite food 12 None of the money (be) received by me yesterday 13 Every child, man, woman (have) the same right 14 The president and vice-secretary (just come) here 15 One of the students (want) to meet you, Sir 16 One million dollars _ (give) to the charity last year Exercise 4: Using expressions of quantity Choose the correct answer in parentheses Some of the fruit in this bowl (is, are) rotten Half of the students in the class (is, are) from Arabic-speaking countries Half of this money (is, are) yours A lot of clothing in those stores (is, are) on sale this week One of my best friends (is, are) coming to visit me next month Each boy in the class (has, have) his own notebook Each of the boys in the class (has, have) his own notebook Every one of the students (is, are) required to take the final test A number of students (is, are) absent today 10 The number of employees in my company (is, are) approximately ten thousand 11 One of the chief materials in bones and teeth (is, are) calcium 12 (Does, Do) all of the children have their books? 13 (Does, Do) all of this homework have to be finished by tomorrow? 14 17 The news about Mr Hogan (is, are) surprising 15 Massachusetts (is•, are) a state in the northeastern part of the United States 16 Physics (seeks, seek) to understand the mysteries of the physical world 17 Statistics (is, are) a branch of mathematics 18 Fifty minutes (is, are) the maximum length of time allowed for the exam 19 Why (was, were) some of the students excused from the examination? 20 Why (was, were) one of the students excused from the examination? 21 What percentage of the people in the world (is, are) illiterate? 22 (Does, Do) any of you know the answer to that question? 23 The United States (has, have) a population of around 250 million 24 Twenty dollars (is, are) an unreasonable price for the necklace 25 Six and seven (is, are) thirteen 26 Many people in the world (does, do) not have enough to eat 27 The police (is, are) prepared in case there is a riot 12 28 Rabies (is, are) an infectious and often fatal disease 29 The English (is, are) proud, independent people 30 The poor (is, are) helped by government programs 31 English (is, are) not my native language Reading 1: Once there were lots of pandas in the mountain of Western China Today they are becoming extinct The reason is that they cannot find enough food Pandas eat bamboo leaves They not like another food The bamboo grows very slowly It can take 10 years for a bamboo to grow from a seed to a big plant Some types of bamboo have seeds every 60 years Pandas must wait many years for their food to grow While the bamboo is growing, pandas not have enough leaves to eat Farmers are using more and more of the land on the mountain side to grow food for man The farmers cut down the bamboo Bamboo leaves become less plentiful Pandas cannot find enough food to eat They starve and die China and World Wildlife Fund (WWF) are trying to save the panda In 1979 they began to set up special parks where pandas live One such park is the Wolong Reserve in Sichuan The Wolong Reserve has the highest number of pandas in the world Scientists come here to study the panda's eating and mating habits By learning more about the panda's habits, scientists can save it from extinction True or False: There are many pandas in China nowadays Some kinds of bamboo grow quickly The favourite food for pandas is the bamboo leaves The Wolong Reserve is the World Wildlife Fund Organisation Setting pandas reserves in the mountains of China is a good way to save pandas Reading 2: Sonya is holidaying in Australia This is part of a letter which she wrote to her parents I'm really enjoying my holiday in Australia Last Sunday I visited a marine park called Sea World, which is at Suffers Paradise near Brisbane It's Australia's largest marine park and I had a wonderful day there The first thing I saw was the Oceanarium, which is a place where you can watch all sorts of sea fish and animals underwater There were huge turtles, sharks and beautiful tropical sea fish The most exciting thing was watching a man feeding the sharks He wore a special diving suit Then I watched the performing animals The show was in a big outdoor swimming pool There were killer whales, and sea lions, and they did all sorts of fantastic things in the water One of the girls in the show rode around the pool on the back of a killer whale, and another girl rode under water on the back of a big turtle After the show I had lunch There were several big restaurants at the park and I had lunch in a restaurant that was shaped like a ship Then I watched a wonderful water-ski show which was held on the lake There were lots of other things to at the park There was lake cruising, a train ride, a big water slide, swimming pools, and an incredible roller-coaster called the Corkscrew! - because it goes through three loops upside down But I wish I had gone on the roller-coaster ride before lunch rather than after it I'm sending you some postcards to show you how great it was _ Sonya watched a man feeding sharks in an outdoor swimming-pool Sonya spent a morning at Sea World Park She watched the performing animals in an outdoor pool After she had lunch she watched the water-ski show Sonya didn't have time to ride on the roller-coaster Reading 3: A lot of people like to play their records as, loudly as possible The result is that the rest of the family and the neighbours often complain if they don't like the music One answer to this problem is to wear headphones, but headphones are usually uncomfortable An armchair which has a record-player system built into it has just been designed by a British engineer, Stephen Court 13 The armchair looks like an ordinary armchair with a high back However, each of the two sides of the chair has three loudspeakers inside to reproduce middle and high sounds Low sounds are reproduced by a pair of loudspeakers in a hollow space under the seat Anyone who sits in the chair hears sounds coming from all round his or her head Because we cannot tell the exact source from which low sounds come, it doesn't matter that they come from underneath or behind It is the higher sounds coming from the sides of the chair that create a stereo effect These sounds travel only a few inches to reach the listener's ears Consequently it takes only a little power to make the music sound very loud Only a small amount of sound leaks out from behind the chair into the room to disturb others Most of the sound is absorbed by the listener, Stephen Court has just invented an armchair which can play music The armchair had very comfortable headphones attached to it _ The armchair is like an ordinary armchair but it contains speakers in both its sides and underneath the part where someone sits _ Most people can tell exactly the direction from where low sounds are coming People sitting in chairs near the armchair will not be able to hear most of the sound 14 ...1 detail [''di:teil] (n) chi tiết as a result of : kết overall economic reform : cải cách kinh tế hịan tồn [,ri:''fỴ:m] stagnant (a) trì trệ under-developed (a)... Hogan (is, are) surprising 15 Massachusetts (is•, are) a state in the northeastern part of the United States 16 Physics (seeks, seek) to understand the mysteries of the physical world 17 Statistics... the world (is, are) illiterate? 22 (Does, Do) any of you know the answer to that question? 23 The United States (has, have) a population of around 250 million 24 Twenty dollars (is, are) an unreasonable