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Co ch6 ctla BrI ling dqog mudi canxi trong truoog hqp Diy hiQn nay chrra duqc 16 retrg. C6 f kidn cho riag 6 m6 bdo bi chdt, mOi truhg bi L.i6m, tao tti6u kiQn thudn Iqi cho canxi l6ng dgng. Song gi6 thuydt ndy cring thi6u nhriag d6u li6u aldy dri dd chring minh ch6c ch6n. {' ki6n th6c cho rlag axit b6o hiah thenh hong m6 bdo hoai tt k6t hop vdi canxi t4o thdnh x.iL phnng - canxi, chdt nAy s6 dud.c thay thd bdi cdc g6'c photphat ve cacbonat dd tao tfi{i.Dh c6c mudi cmxi d6 l6ng dgng. Di6u ndy rdt quan tlang tldi vdi td chtc md bi hoai trl, nhrmg met kh6c cring chua dri bing chring ch6c ch6o ring co ch6 ady ld dfng hoda toiu tldi voi s{ l6ag dgng canxi do loqn dud'ng. Gdn d6y ohi6u j' kidn cho ring sg tdng ndng d6 photphataza - kiim 6 m6 bdo chdt t+o tlidu Li€a cho su hiDh thdbh nhidu g6'c photphat tU do, ddng tidi vdi tdng dQ pH lem cho Ca* vd PO, dE hdt hd.p tao thenh cac mu6'i photphat vd cacbonat tich tq l4i. Giri thidt ody ciing chua giei ihich du0c sr.r it l6ag dgng canxi A c5c cd quaD vdn gidu eazim photphataza ki6m nhu thAn, ai6m mqc ruQt v.v. Canxi h6a do loan dutng hay g{p 6 nhrrng tdn thuong gey huf hoai m6 bdo man tinl n}lu d lao ba dau (tni ga), vnng bd dau h6a cta mof sd bCDh tqo thd td chrfc hat kh6c, cum ndm Actinomyco, u hat tu cdu khudn (botryomycosis), cAc vqt le'p hay cgc huydt th6'i lAu ngdy, c6c khdi u tho6i hori, i6 chrlc seo, thinh rn4ch bi xo vta, bi tdn thunng; Cec 6' ki silh tring nim trcng td chtc nhu giun bao, nang du s6n nlm chdt trong rhO do kh6ng hodn thanh chu k;i' vdng doi v.v. 2. Canxi h6a do fi cdn D6 ld su tich tq mu6'i canxi 0 m6 bdo c6 li6n quan ddn sq tdrg k6o ddi ham lrrgng canxi huy6t. Trong k}li d6 md bdo bi rinh hufng kh6ng x6y ra tdn thudng trudc d6. Vd d4c didm hinl th6i (dqi rhd vd vi thd) d, sg 16ng dQns Ddy cins gidng nhu loqi tr6n. Nguy€n nhAn dAn d6n sg 16o9 tlgng canxi do di cdn c6 nhidu va ra't phic tap. Theo Jones (1983) thi c6 thd do nhtlg trulng hqp sau: 1- Cuaarg bdn girip trang nguy6n phrit, nhrmg di6u Lipn ndy il x|y ta b gia sric; 2- Suy th{n lim gidm su thai tidt photphat dAn ddn sg teng luong photphat v6 cd trong huydt tuong. Tdn thudng ben gi6p thrt ph6t xey ra hong trulng hgp ndy clidg h6 trg cho sg l6ug tlong cami; 3- HiCn tuqng canri h6a lan trdn & v6ch dQ.g m4ah vd cdc t6' chic kh6c c6 thd vi €!g canxi huydt do qud Dhi€u Vitamia D troDg khdu phdn thic 5u. O il6ng vat c6 thd e{p d gia sric tlugc cho dn nhidu vitamin nhdn t4o. Canxi h6a larr iren trong td chric hay Eey ra 6 mQt sd lodi nhu bd, erlu, d6 tai cdc \ ing kh6c nhau tren thd si6i vdi nhrins t6n gqi khec nhau: bQuh dich ngfm v6i c6 tinh chit &a phuoag (enzootic calcinosis) & Dric, Ao, Nam Phi, .(n D6. Mot beuh tudng tU vd t6D gqi bCnh suy mdn Manchester (Manchester wasting disease) d Jamaica v.v Ngr:di ia cho ring c6 mQt s6'cdy, trong 16 c6 59 chfa mot hqp chdt steroid-glycosid gi6'ag n}lu 1,25 dihydrocholecalciferol (hoat h6a chuydn h6a vitamiD D) c6 vai trd chinh trong nhrlng trudng hqp bCDh niy. Sq tich fit canxi trong trudng hqp ndy trudc hdt vd nhidu nhdt lA d c6c soi chun cria tim, dOng rrrach chri, dOng mach cd. Ngodi ra cdn thdy cri rl sif chun nlu m6 phdi, Lhi quin, sqn phd quin vd van tim. O bd vi criu, ohrlng ca benh D4ng canxi cdn l6ng dgng 6' gdn co gdp chi hu6c, xudng ctng vd day hon, viem kh6p c6c d6't cd ch6n, khrip bdn, d6ng thdi vdi su- tdng hem luqng phoipho vo co trong m6u canxi h6a v6ch ngdn ph6'i c6 khi d6n d6'n hiQn tuchg c6-t h6a (ossification). Trudng hqp tdng tidt adrennocortison ri ch6, hien tuang canxi h6a x6y ra d nhidu td chrlc kh6c nhau Dhung thudng rl da, ph6'i vd co van. Oo ch6 cia bdnh Ddy hien chua bi6t 16. Tdc hqi cria sq l6ng dang canxi byanh li phu thuOc vdo vi tri xey ra va muc dO cia su kdt tra. N6 c6 thd gay tr& ngqi v6 chrlc ning, giem rn0t phda cudag dO hoat d0ng cria cd quan bl 6ah hudng. Nguy hidm nhdt ]d carlri h6a xdy ra 6 tim, thdnh m?ch quan, de d6n ddn nhrlng r6'i loan tudn hoin, ihem chi gay xudt huydt dOt ngot c6 thd d6n d6n tri vong. VI. BENH GUT (GOUT) BCnh Grit (hay th6-ng phong, iang s6i - podagra) ld hien tuqng l6ng do g cdc tinh thd Urat trong md bdo c6c cd quan khSc niau. Thudng g4p nhdt li sqn kh6p, ria c5c kh6p xudng (*rdt ti c5c khdp oh6 ng6n chAll, ng6n tay), m6 li€n kdt quanh c6c khdp, sgn venh tai vA ddi khi ce tren thanh mac van tim, than vi tui xudng. O c6c kh6p xuobg, c6c ddm tinh thd Urdt hiah LinI dugc bao quanh bdi ving phdn ring td bAo phric t4p vdi nhtllg td bdo khdng 16 "dj v{t", td bdo da nhan vd tEDg sinh m6 li6n k6t r mg quanh thdnh cuc git (Tophus). BCnh Gnt hay g4p d gia cdm (ei, vit) l! thdy hdn o loai co u',r. O loei gi. cdm urat liing dqne Iai thdnl cuc tring trOn thanh mac xoang n$Ic, bgng, tr6n bao tim, ngoaj lam mac. Irong than va nhd'l la o cic khop chdn. O r,hrin tha hi€n s{ teng l6n v6 thd tich, rii r6c tren m{t than c6 nhfng hat n}l6 mAu iring, trcn m4t cAt n6'i lcn nhfng hat miu tr5ng xam hay vdng LAng, cung. Qua kinh hidn vi thdy trong 6'ng than cec finh thd urat tri61 quang, mo bdo *utg quaoh iho6i hod, hoqi t1i ho4c tan roa, b6n carh c6c tinh thd urat c6 c6c te bao knong l0 or vai . Nhdi urat thQn (Infaretues uratique) Thdy 6 d6ng v4t so sinh trong nhfng ngdy cldu. D6 la do urat tang nhi6u trong co thd, chua thAi h€'t qua nudc tidu n6n dgng lqi trong dng g6p tqo thinh cAc hat trbn. Day ld hi€n trdng sinh lj chi kh6ng phai qud tdnh b€nh li. d dong vet tnrdng thdnh khi viem nicm mqc bdng quang hay bd th{n ctng th{y xuit hi6n mudi urat d cac vring d6. Nguy6n nhen gey nen sq l6ng dqtrg urat trong mO bdo hiQn nay chrra ro rdng l6m. 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