07/19/14 1 MAJOR AREAS OF ECOLOGY MAJOR AREAS OF ECOLOGY Name : Vo Thi Ngoc Nguyen Semester : 2008-2009 07/19/14 2 ORGANISMAL ECOLOGY POPULATION ECOLOGY COMMUNITY ECOLOGY ECOSYSTERM ECOLOGY. MAJOR AREAS OF ECOLOGY 07/19/14 3 ORGANISMAL ECOLOGY Organisms have developed functional, structural, and behavioral adaptations to their environments. Focuses on the adaptations that enable individual organisms to meet the challenges posed by their environments The geographic distribution of organisms is often limited by the abiotic conditions they can tolerate Ex: Earthworms are restricted to moist environments because their skin does not prevent dehydration Organismal ecology. Why earthworms live in moist soil? 07/19/14 4 POPULATION ECOLOGY Population ecology is the branch of ecology that studies the structure and dynamics of populations. Population ecology concentrates mainly on factors that affect how many individuals of particular species live in an area. All of a population must use the same resources – causes competition Population ecology. What environmental factors affect the reproductive rate of deer mice? 07/19/14 5 COMMUNITY ECOLOGY A community ecology deals with the whole array of interacting species in community. Focuses on how interactions between species affect community structure and organization. Ex: predation, competition, symbiosis, mutualism and commensalisms. Community ecology. What factors influence the diversity of species that make up a particular forest? 07/19/14 6 ECOSYSTERM ECOLOGY Ecosystem – includes all the abiotic factors in addition to the community of species in a certain area. Ecosystem ecology focus on energy flow and the cycling of chemicals among the various biotic and abiotic components. Ecosystem ecology. What factors control photosynthetic productivity in a temperate grassland ecosystem? 07/19/14 7 ECOSYSTEM ECOLOGY LAKES WETLANDS STREAMS AND RIVERS INTERTIDAL ZONES OCEANIC PELAGIC BIOME TROPICAL FOREST DESERT SAVANNA TEMPERATE GRASSLAND There are two types of ecology: – Terrestrial ecology- land. – Aquatic ecology- fresh or saltwater 07/19/14 8 A landscape or seascape consists of several different ecosystems linked by exchanges of energy, materials, and organisms. Focus on the way in which interactions among populations, communities, and ecosystems LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY. (e) Landscape ecology. To what extent do the trees lining the drainage channels in this landscape serve as corridors of dispersal for forest animals? The biosphere is the global ecosystem – the sum of all the planet’s ecosystem. The most extensive level in ecology, goes from high in the atmosphere to the bottom of the oceans. BIOSPHERE 07/19/14 9 REFERENCE www.wikipedia.org www.campbl50.com www.fcelter.fiu.edu www.whatis.com Encarta Reference Library 2005 07/19/14 10 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION . 07/19/14 1 MAJOR AREAS OF ECOLOGY MAJOR AREAS OF ECOLOGY Name : Vo Thi Ngoc Nguyen Semester : 2008-2009 07/19/14 2 ORGANISMAL ECOLOGY POPULATION ECOLOGY COMMUNITY ECOLOGY ECOSYSTERM ECOLOGY. MAJOR. dehydration Organismal ecology. Why earthworms live in moist soil? 07/19/14 4 POPULATION ECOLOGY Population ecology is the branch of ecology that studies the structure and dynamics of populations 2008-2009 07/19/14 2 ORGANISMAL ECOLOGY POPULATION ECOLOGY COMMUNITY ECOLOGY ECOSYSTERM ECOLOGY. MAJOR AREAS OF ECOLOGY 07/19/14 3 ORGANISMAL ECOLOGY Organisms have developed functional, structural, and behavioral