Ngô Hữu Tài - Giáo viên Hóa - Trường THPT Hương Thủy - Huế GIẢI CHI TIẾT CÁC BÀI TOÁN TRONG ĐỀ THI ĐẠI HỌC KHỐI A - NĂM 2010-MÃ ĐỀ : 596 Câu 1 − !" # $ − − % &'() $ − # − !*+," /01!12 3456(7-898: ; <!0 =! $!0 !0# >8?8@ − OH n @#3;%@3; *+," + − + →H OH H O @A + H n d @ #@0@AB C@ 0 0 0 0 = => =pH Câu 2 $0D#E/24,&1$&F9&.G0 HI 3 ; # !J8K2??%+&& /J8L8!>8K&+: <!M =!0MN# $!0 !0O >8?8 MN M 0D# 0 + = = => = = a b a b a b # + = Fe n 1 # + Fe → + + +Fe Zn $ # + Fe → + + +Fe Zn 00 P& +Q@ $ @3 0;M@M3; Câu 3 E/2JRS &FJ)8(T8I4U0O!V,&&W88&+4XJR 34,&HIY&K;& /E/2JR"&FJ)8(T8I4U!89(P&:2?&'/2 # <!NZ =!#MZ $!Z !NZ >8?8[ @ O + + a b a b @@A4@[ " @O # → # 4 " @4 @4 # * O N N Z 0 NZ + − = => = + => = => = = X Y Y X M n a b x M n a b a x a H a Câu 7:$R&$ # S-,\& /R&!]P%0R& &K^T8=$ 3.;& /00OJ_&&:![`&JK0R& $$ 3.;+S8-(J8J_&&YK2?& /J_&&:!>8K&+: &.G <!O =!# $!OO !0 >8?8 @ m # = NaHCO n a # # # # # # # # # # 3 ; 3 ; − − − + − + − + − + → + + → ↓ + → ↓ + → → ↓ + + OH HCO CO H O Ba CO BaCO Ca CO CaCO Ca HCO Ca HCO Ca HCO CaCO CO H O 3&+R&; @ O m O m @ 00O 0D @A@O3; *+0R& Ngô Hữu Tài - Giáo viên Hóa - Trường THPT Hương Thủy - Huế # M O NaHCO m n a a= − = − d # M # O CaCO a m a= + − = => = Câu 9: 8K_&E/28-G&-I8&ab-:O$!$&4, ./-I8&&+c&K^T8./.< # &+ # & /#M<!8 <!$ N $ N $ =!$ N $ # $ $!$ # $ N $ !$ # $ N >8?8 $ @ O M3 ; O = mol @ ancol n @A #MM M = = ancol M @A,&$ # VK2K<=4L8 J8- M N 0 x y x x y y + = = => + = = @A @#!N3d#0;!0@@Ad@D 8$ # $ N $ Câu 10:E/2[S-G8&4%8-G"-eLfg() %c&h$&'():8P&N3():"TG():;!_-)&K%& [&X& /##MR&JR$ 3-J&;N ![`&JK_-[T8 -`-i&789 2?I(&IK389(P&OZ;&X()I(&I& / <!# =!#M $!O !0O >8?8$ → $ 30; $ → $ \ %@N%@0N30; m y @0%A@AjN @# O N N O − < = < − m x m @A#jjNM@A@`N kl%$ # O "$ # @AI(&I$ # $$ # @ !O!00 0O 0 = N 0 # + = = => + = = x y x x y y Câu 11:$S #$ M$ M # $ − 0 # − !ViL845_&$ &+a,&./b-:$3; >R&+: <! =!0 $! !0O >8?8 # # OH HCO CO H O − − − + → + MMM # # Ca CO CaCO + − + → MM Ca n + @# a @M@A@#!@ Câu 13: VE/2JRS$ # &+,&4XJR3Y&K8;& / E/2JR"!$",8&b&b4X.T4+3.;(J8J_&&YK2?J)8./4X&m OE/2JR13-J&;&K&+!*FJ)8:1(T8 0O!>8K&+: <!#O =!N $!NON !M >8?8Vl&4?&J)8./ @ " 1 " @-,&mJ)8./4X @A-,&mJ)8./4X@@ 1 @M!!# O !!0O@#O Câu 18: &&1 .T /!_00n[ &X& /#J_&&:![`&JK_0n[&X& / J_&&:!>8K&+: <!# =!0N $!00 !0M0 Ngô Hữu Tài - Giáo viên Hóa - Trường THPT Hương Thủy - Huế >8?8G-S 1 o#13; p 1 O o13; p o() &8q&13; pOr@M 13; p o13; 3&; #M3; o13; p&.G GT8#! V.48&KeL 1 O o13; p3M;13; 3&; s=?& o() 4-a@() &+13; p() &+13; 3&; O@M()13; o()13; @ s=?&1 o()1 4-a@()1 &+13; p()1 &+13; 3&; )1 @)13; p()13; @M@0 o@00M0@0M0o$t-K2K! Câu 22: E/2JRS-8I&%888-+4-S-u8c&8_2!V)&K%&0 E/24U,&./8b-:& /NNE/2"SJRG8.T!_"-86 8&(v+8-`3.;&XqL8NJR3K&i&RJRG8-fg-8eJ89;!$w& 2x&h:88-+4 <!$ M $ # O =!$ # M $ O $!$ $ M !$ $ # M >8?83$ # ; → $ 0 3; 0 x y C H → x $ y 43; x 4 y 4 * 0 N N # a b a xb y a b + = + = + = 0 N N M a b a xb a yb + = + = + = kl%$w&2x&h:88-+4$ $ # M Câu 24: V)&K%&E/2#-G&,gy%-S-u& /#OOR& JR$ 3-J&;N !>8K&+: <! =!N $! !N N4 xb @@A Nx = 4 yb @0@Aj4@ 0 y− j0@A y jM Ngô Hữu Tài - Giáo viên Hóa - Trường THPT Hương Thủy - Huế >8?8 #OO N 0 # 0O CO H O n n= = = = @A#-G J8- @# 0@0#3; t8w&:# n n C H O + &X@3 0n 0O;!0#@30 0 0# 0O;!0#@3; Câu 26:$HI&&&+% 3&F9%@N;& /,&(? 2zJh%P&F)8(v&!)II&+./HI&+c.WJ84& <!# =!% $! !% >8?8) @%o() @%() @% (2.F)8(v&c _&! &8&L &L)8! Io %\{%(%+() &L)8@%r%\@%\ $&i(2??)8HI HI 3 ; # c&g(G-S HI IoHI HI #Io0\HI 3 ; # 4#44\ () &L)8@#4\@%\ )II&+./HI&+c.WJ84@3#4\;@s%\@% $t-K2K= Câu 27: <I& /-8e_4UK8KIW8(-&|2x&+ y!Vi& /0NI&&X./Iag38?(h89(P&6K&+X-8e_-L&NZ; <!# =!N $! !M >8?8*(G-S3$ # ; $$ M N → OXI &8i 2x&+8 → SOH $ # $$ # $ M N $I @ 0N!0 !0 NO!N @3; Câu 29: *|2x&,&I(&I}agb-:0Z& / ,&#ME/2)8:88&4%8-G!88&- <!$$ # $ =!$ # $$ N $ $!$ N $$ # $ !$$ N $ >8?8 I(&I M # n = = @AI(&I# *I-ew&:I(&I#d$ d 3d 0 $; # → d$d 0 $# 3dM;3d 0 M;@#M@Add 0 @0td 0 @0@Ad@0N 88&-$$ # $ Câu 31:$0N38&&8;0N$[& /!$. !J8K2??%+&()-y2? <!N! =!MN! $!! !NN! >8?8 $ # N 3$; $ → # $$ # N 3$; 0N0N0N $ → $ #N 0N@ # # $$ # N 3$; → $ # N 3$; $ Ngô Hữu Tài - Giáo viên Hóa - Trường THPT Hương Thủy - Huế N0N ()-y2?N@MN Câu 32:$0E/2S,&J8L8J8e,&J8L8J8e&'"&K^_&T8./. $y& /NMR&JR3-J&;!n8L8" <!&+88I! =!8&84I+8! $!J88! !J84+8! Giải: 0 N xX yY x y + = + = => 0 N xX yY x y + = + = => 2xX -xY = 14,2 -0,5Y => 0 < x = 0 N Y X Y − − < 0,5 0 N N 0 N Y X Y Y − < − − > => 0 O X Y > < => n8L8"&+88I Câu 33:q&&ODE/2Sn=.T& /MOOR& JR 3-J&;!"S$ &F9&.G0!*+q4f8 "&'J)8./K)8 /&L+ <!0#! =!0OM! $!0O! !0M! >8?8V`& HCl H SO n x n y @A@% * MOO H OH n n − = = = H n x y + = + )8 @ n Cl m − SO m − @OD#NN!0MDM!@0OM! Câu 40:V)&K%&,&I(&I-GLf32x&h()8cJ_&π5G#;& /&i &RJR$ 4UM\&i&RJR -y2?3K&i&RJR-fg-8eJ89;!$&K^ &T8n[& /"!$wL"& /0OOP&+Q J!>8K&+: <!! =!MMM! $!OOO! !0NM! >8?8I(&I-GLf32x&h()8cJ_&π5G#;$ 3 ≤ j; $ 3 # n a− − ; → $ 3 ; M # CO O n n n n a = = − − @A0@0O 0 M@A0@ Mt@@# I(&I$ # M d$d 0 n → d$nd 0 3; &XP&+Qd$n n.0 Câu 42:E/2S088&Lf08Lf!J?m2? &)8-T8$`!V)&K%&& /M$ % ! $K8K&+%&.G <!O0! =!O0N! $!0! !0N! &K^_&T8$&58088&~0! &K^_&T8&588&8$ kl%w&:8$ % 88&$ 0 3$; V)&K%&L+0 @AL8= *I8?8&8_&&@M@A@ @A%@ @A@0M %@ @A +Q @3dO#;NM30 ;@0OO d@N d@0@A@0O&X I(&I @0O!@0## 3Jw-K2K; d@0N@A@0&X I(&I @0!@OOO Ngô Hữu Tài - Giáo viên Hóa - Trường THPT Hương Thủy - Huế @0&X@#@&X@@#&X@0 •&&+.W/28$ # 88&$ # N 3$; $ # → $ N N 00NN $ # N 3$; → N$ N N 0NNN $t$ Câu 43:*b0O€G4U2.G2K2cI+./& /I&%8389(P&OZ;! 80I&%84U2.G2K2cI8P& /E/2!Vi&+qE/2 a[!89(P&6K&+XcI8P <!OZ! =!0Z! $!DZ! !Z! >8?8 €G @03;@A N !O 0M3 ; 0 C H OH n mol= = N # 3 0M3 ; C H OH CH COOH n mol n= = lªnmengiÊm) # 32Y; ! 0 CH C N aOH n n= = = Câu 46: 5&b&b&b8t&-__&#$0[0 $ # [ $ # [(2?& /()$ <!#! =!0! $!! !0N! * # # # H CO HCO n n n + − − = = = # # H CO HCO + − − + → # H HCO CO H O + − + → + 00 Câu 47:$E/2I&2+22?&T8./.< # &+ # & /#J_&&:0N)88:88&•G!>8K&+: <!0D! =!0#! $!0! !DN! >8?8d$< # # # → d$ # < # 0O = 0N ON ON M NN RCOONH M R= = => = − = @A 3NN D;! 0D RCHO m = + = Câu 48:E/2S0,&8&4%8-G0)8:8&-T8J8L8Je &'J)8./0NO!*c:8&&+c <!8&2+28! =!8&I&8! $!8&I&8! !8&4&8! >8?8>t8d$ d$[ Câu 49:V)&K%&,&./8-+4!P2&^&4,(?2zK%=3; 3.;&L+DNNJ_&&:(2?J)8./8?0D#N(T8=3; 4-a!$w&2x&h: <!$ # ! =!$ M ! $!$ # M ! !$ # O ! >8?8 8? @ # 3 ; CaCO CO H O m m m− + @A 3 ; DNN 0D#N 0 CO H O m m+ = − = # DNN 0N 0D CO BaCO n n= = = @A 0 !0N #M H O m = − = @A #M ! 0O H H O n n= = = J8- 0N # O C H n n = = !$w&2x&h:$ # O ! Z@ 0 !0 DZ 0M = 3dN;!03d[;!0@0NO@Ad[@0NO OD@MD d@0N&X[@#D J8-8&$ # $8&I&8! Ngô Hữu Tài - Giáo viên Hóa - Trường THPT Hương Thủy - Huế . O Ba CO BaCO Ca CO CaCO Ca HCO Ca HCO Ca HCO CaCO CO H O 3&+R&; @ O m O m @ 00O 0D @A @O3; *+0R& Ngô Hữu Tài - Giáo viên H a. Huế # M O NaHCO m n a a= − = − d # M # O CaCO a m a= + − = => = Câu 9: 8K_&E/28-G&-I8& a b-:O$!$&4, ./-I8&&+c&K^T8./.< # &+ # &. + )8 @ n Cl m − SO m − @OD#NN!0MDM!@0OM! Câu 40:V)&K%&,&I(&I-GLf32x&h()8cJ_&π5G#;& /&i &RJR$ 4UM&i&RJR -y2?3K&i&RJR-fg-8eJ89;!$&K^ &T8n[&