Câu trực tiếp gián tiếp (đầy đủ các dạng)

Types of reported speech: Statements: S + said / told + (that) + S + V o Said to s.b o Told s.b Imperatives: a Affirmative: S + asked / told / ordered + O + To- inf b Negative: S + asked / told / ordered + O + not To-inf Ex: “Don’t play in the class”, the teacher said  The teacher asked us not to play in the class Questions: a Wh- Questions: S + asked (O) wondered + Wh- words + S + V Ex: My parents asked me, “Where you go?”  My parents asked me where I went b Yes / No questions: S + asked (O) wondered + if / whether + S + V Ex: Peter asked, “Do you like playing football, Jack?”  Peter asked Jack if he liked playing football Reported speech with To- infinitive: a To report orders, requests, warnings, advice and invitation: S + V + O + (not) to-infinitive * V: asked, told, ordered, advised, warned, invited Ex1: “You should go”, she said  She advised me to go Ex2: “Would you like to have dinner with us?”, they said  They invited me to have dinner with them b To report offers, promises, threats, refusal and agreement: S + V + to-infinitive * V: offered, promised, refused, agreed, threatened Ex1: “Can I help you?”  She offered to help me Ex2: “Ok, I’ll give you a lift”, he said  He agreed to give me a lift Ex3: “I’ll surely be home by 9”, she said  She promised to be home by Ex4: “I can’t help you the exercises”, he said  He refused to help me the exercises Ex5: “I will hit you.”  She threatened to hit me Reported speech with gerund: a S + V + Gerund • V: admitted, denied, suggested Ex: “Let’s go to Vung Tau beach”, said Peter  Peter suggested going to Vtau beach b S + V + Preposition + Gerund • V: apologized for, complained about, insisted on, objected to, confessed to, dreamed of, thought of Ex: “I’m sorry, I’m late”, said Mary  Marry apologized for being late c S + V + O+ Preposition + Gerund • V: accused…of, warned… against/about, congratulated…on, prevented…from, blamed…for, criticized…for, praised…for, thanked…for Ex: “It was nice of you to help me Thank you very much”, Tom said to me EXERCISES OF REPORTED SPEECH I Complete the following sentences without changing their meanings: The doctor said to me, “You should lose weight.” The doctor advised me Mary said, “Let’s go to a movie.” Mary suggested “I didn’t break the windows”, Bill said Bill denied “You told a lie, Tom”, she said She accused Tom “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening, Jack”, said Mary Mary apologized for “I won’t help you with your homework Never ! ” Jane said to me Jane refused Joe said, “Please come to my party.” Joe invited Mr Gray said, “Don’t play in the street.” Mr Gray warned the children not “Would you like to come on a picnic with us? They invited 10 “Please don’t tell anybody what happened.” He asked 11 “If you don’t give me a pay rise I’ll resign.” She threatened 12 “I’ll finish the work by the end of this week.” John promised 13 “You ought to take a break, Andrew.” She advised 14 “Don’t forget to go to the supermarket after work.” They reminded 15 “Stay away from me.” Tom warned 16 “Why don’t we sing a few songs?” He suggested 17 “You can stay in my house when I am on holiday.” Jim told us 18 “I’ve been spending a lot more time with my children.” He said 19 “John left here an hour ago.” She told me 20 “Oh, I’m too hot.” He said 21 “Are you enjoying yourself?” He wanted to know 22 “What’s the weather like?” She asked me 23 “Will Ted and Alice be at the party?” She asked us 24 “Does Ann always go to church on Sundays?” He wondered 25 “How can I solve the problem?” I wanted to know 26 “Did you study hard for the exam?” She asked 27 “You can’t run out of the garden,” Ms Kelly said to the children Ms Kelly prevented the children 28 “Are you the new manager, Daisy? Congratulations!” said Billy Bill congratulated 29 “Please give me some more money, Mum,” Daisy said Daisy insisted her mother 30 “What did you think of the performance yesterday?” She asked me II Choose the best answer: “Thank you very much for your help, John,” said Daisy a Daisy thanked John for helping her b Daisy told John to help her c Daisy wanted John to help her and said thanks d Daisy would like John to help her “It is you that stole my purse,” Mrs Pike said to the young man a Mrs Pike told the young man that it was you that stole her purse b Mrs Pike denied the young man of stealing her purse c Mrs Pike accused the young man of stealing her purse d Mrs Pike asked the young man to steal her purse “You mustn’t get into the area,” the policeman said a The policeman stopped them from getting into the area b The policeman denied from getting into the area c The policeman wanted them to get into the area d The policeman suggested getting into the area “Whose composition haven’t we heard yet?” The teacher asked us to tell her a whose composition we haven’t heard yet b whose composition we hadn’t heard yet c whose composition hadn’t we heard yet d whose composition we hadn’t heard yet? “You look beautiful in this dress.” Last night she told me a you look beautiful in that dress b you looked beautiful in that dress c I’ll look beautiful in this dress d I looked beautiful in that dress “Hi, Bob Did you take the job?” Bob’s friend asked him a did he take the job b whether you took the job c if he had taken the job d had he taken the job “How many people are there in your family?” The interview asked me a how many people there were in your family b how many people were there in your family c how many people were there in my family d how many people there were in my family “Don’t stay up late You should go to bed early,” Peter told me a Peter told me not to stay up late and promised to go to bed early b Peter promised not to stay up late and told me to go to bed early c Peter told me not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early d Peter told me not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early “I will bring you some food.” He said to me a He invited me to eat some food b he offered to bring me some food c He told me to bring some food d he advise me to bring some food 10 “Go on, Susan! Apply for the job,” the father said a The father invited Susan to apply for the job b The father denied applying for the job c The father encouraged Susan to apply for the job d The father wanted Susan not to apply for the job Finish the sentences using Reported speech Always change the tense, although it is sometimes not necessary Example: Peter: "Clean the black shoes!" Peter told me _ Answer: Peter told me to clean the black shoes 1) Andrew: "Clean the blue bike!" Andrew told me 2) Jessica: "Write a text message!" Jessica told me 3) Nelly: "Help Peter's sister!" Nelly told me 4) Fred: "Wash your hands!" Fred told me 5) Anna: "Open the window!" Anna told me 6) Tom: "Come at 8!" Tom told me 7) Teacher: "Do your homework!" The teacher told me 8) Doris: "Dance with me!" Doris told me 9) Sabine: "Meet Sandy at the station!" Sabine told me 10) Victoria: "Check your e-mails!" Victoria told me Example: Peter: "Don't clean the black shoes!" Peter told me Answer: Peter told me not to clean the black shoes 1) Karen: "Don't play football in the garden!" Karen told me 2) Teacher: "Don't forget your homework!" The teacher reminded me 3) Mike: "Don't shout at Peter!" Mike told me 4) Yvonne: "Don't talk to your neighbor!" Yvonne told me 5) Denise: "Don't open the door!" Denise told me 6) Marcel: "Don't sing that song!" Marcel reminded me 7) Jane: "Don't watch the new film!" Jane advised me 8) Walter: "Don't ring Roomy on Sunday!" Walter told me 9) Lisa: "Don't fly via Paris!" Lisa advised me 10) Jamie: "Don't eat so much junk food!" Jamie reminded me Example: Peter: "I clean the black shoes." Peter told me that Answer: Peter told me that he cleaned the black shoes 1) John: "Mandy is at home." John said that 2) Max: "Frank often reads a book." Max told me that 3) Susan: "I'm watching TV." Susan said to me that 4) Simon: "David was ill." Simon said that 5) Peggy: "The girls helped in the house." Peggy told me that 6) Richard: "I am going to ride a skateboard." Richard said to me that 7) Stephen and Claire: "We have cleaned the windows." Stephen and Claire told me that 8) Charles: "I didn't have time to my homework." Charles remarked that 9) Mrs Jones: "My mother will be 50 years old." Mrs Jones told me that 10) Jean: "The boss must sign the letter." Jean said that Example: Peter: "I cleaned the black shoes yesterday." Peter told me that Answer: Peter told me that he had cleaned the black shoes the day before 1) Emily: "Our teacher will go to Leipzig tomorrow." Emily said that 2) Helen: "I was writing a letter yesterday." Helen told me that 3) Robert: "My father flew to Dallas last year." Robert told me that 4) Lisa: "Tim went to the stadium an hour ago." Lisa said that 5) Patricia: "My mother will celebrate her birthday next weekend." Patricia said that 6) Michael: "I am going to read a book this week." Michael said to me that 7) Jason and Victoria: "We will our best in the exams tomorrow." Jason and Victoria told me that 8) Andrew: "We didn't eat fish two days ago." Andrew remarked that 9) Alice: "I spent all my pocket money on Monday." Alice complained that 10) David: "John had already gone at six." David said that Example: Peter: "Did John clean the black shoes?" Peter asked me Answer: Peter asked me if John had cleaned the black shoes 1) Christopher: "Do you want to dance?" Christopher asked me 2) Betty: "When did you come?" Betty wanted to know 3) Mark: "Has John arrived?" Mark asked me 4) Ronald: "Where does Maria park her car?" Ronald asked me 5) Elisabeth: "Did you watch the latest film?" Elisabeth asked me 6) Mandy: "Can I help you?" Mandy wanted to know 7) Andrew: "Will Mandy have lunch with Sue?" Andrew asked me 8) Justin: "What are you doing?" Justin asked me 9) Frank: "How much pocket money does Lisa get?" Frank wanted to know 10) Anne: "Must I the shopping?" Anne asked II Complete the following sentences without changing their meanings 2) Jason: "Who gave you the laptop?" Yesterday Jason wanted to know 3) Robert: "Is Tim leaving on Friday?" Yesterday Robert asked me 4) Daniel: "Will it rain tomorrow?" Yesterday Daniel asked me 5) Jennifer: "Where you play football today?" Yesterday Jennifer wanted to know 6) Nancy: "Why didn't Nick go to New York last summer?" Yesterday Nancy wanted to know 7) Barbara: "Must I my homework this afternoon?" Yesterday Barbara asked me 8) Linda: "Did Max fly to London two weeks ago?" Yesterday Linda wanted to know 9) Grandmother: "Where are my glasses?" Yesterday Grandmother asked me 10) A man: "When does the train to Liverpool leave?" Yesterday a man asked me Complete the sentences in reported speech (no backshift) Note the change of pronouns and verbs • • Helen: I want to tell you something about my holiday in London Gareth: What does she say? • You: She says that…………… • Helen: I went to London in July • Gareth: What does she say? • You: She says that…………… • Helen: My parents went with me • Gareth: What does she say? • You: She says that…………… • Helen: We spent three days in London • Gareth: What does she say? • You: She says that………… • Helen: London is a multicultural place • Gareth: What does she say? • You: She says that………… • Helen: I saw people of all colors • Gareth: What does she say? • You: She says that……………… • Helen: I and my parents visited the Tower • Gareth: What does she say? • You: She says that…………… • Helen: One evening we went to see a musical • Gareth: What does she say? • You: She says that…………… • Helen: I love London • Gareth: What does she say? • You: She says that………… • Helen: The people are so nice there • Gareth: What does she say? • You: She says that…………… Complete the sentences in reported speech (no backshift) Note the change of pronouns, places and verbs • • Tom: I'm fine Sue: What does he say? • You: He says that…………… • Tom: The weather here is great • Sue: What does he say? • You: He says that………………… • Tom: My host family is very nice • Sue: What does he say? • You: He says that………………… • Tom: I have my own room • Sue: What does he say? • You: He says that…………… • Tom: We have a national park here • Sue: What does he say? • You: He says that……………… • Tom: We went there yesterday • Sue: What does he say? • You: He says that………………… • Tom: It was great • Sue: What does he say? • You: He says that…………………… • Tom: I'd love to go there again • Sue: What does he say? • You: He says that……………… • Tom: The teachers at my school are very nice • Sue: What does he say? • You: He says that……………… • Tom: My English has improved • Sue: What does he say? • You: He says that…………………… Rewrite the sentences in reported speech Change pronouns and time expressions where necessary She said, "I am reading." → She said that…………… They said, "We are busy." → They said that……………… He said, "I know a better restaurant." → He said that……………… She said, "I woke up early." → She said that…………… He said, "I will ring her." → He said that…………… They said, "We have just arrived." → They said that…………… He said, "I will clean the car." → He said that………………… She said, "I did not say that." → She said that………………… She said, "I don't know where my shoes are." → She said that………………… 10 He said: "I won't tell anyone." → He said that………………… Imagine you want to repeat sentences that you heard two weeks ago in another place Rewrite the sentences in reported speech Change pronouns and expressions of time and place where necessary They said, "This is our book." → They said…………… She said, "I went to the cinema yesterday." → She said…………… He said, "I am writing a test tomorrow." → He said…………… You said, "I will this for him." → You said………… She said, "I am not hungry now." → She said…………… They said, "We have never been here before." → They said………… They said, "We were in London last week." → They said……………… He said, "I will have finished this paper by tomorrow." → He said………… He said, "They won't sleep." → He said…………… 10 She said, "It is very quiet here." → She said………………… Complete the sentences in reported speech Note the change of pronouns and tenses "Where is my umbrella?" she asked → She asked…………… 2 "How are you?" Martin asked us → Martin asked us…………… He asked, "Do I have to it?" → He asked………………… "Where have you been?" the mother asked her daughter → The mother asked her daughter……………… "Which dress you like best?" she asked her boyfriend → She asked her boyfriend…………… "What are they doing?" she asked → She wanted to know…………… "Are you going to the cinema?" he asked me → He wanted to know……… The teacher asked, "Who speaks English?" → The teacher wanted to know………… "How you know that?" she asked me → She asked me…………… 10 "Has Caron talked to Kevin?" my friend asked me → My friend asked me…………… Complete the sentences in reported speech Note the change of pronouns and tenses "What's the time?" he asked → He wanted to know………… "When will we meet again?" she asked me → She asked me………… "Are you crazy?" she asked him → She asked him………… "Where did they live?" he asked → He wanted to know…………… "Will you be at the party?" he asked her → He asked her………… "Can you meet me at the station?" she asked me → She asked me………… "Who knows the answer?" the teacher asked → The teacher wanted to know………… "Why don't you help me?" she asked him → She wanted to know…………… "Did you see that car?" he asked me → He asked me……………… 10 "Have you tidied up your room?" the mother asked the twins → The mother asked the twins……………… Complete the sentences in reported speech Note the change of pronouns in some sentences "Stop talking, Joe," the teacher said → The teacher told Joe………… "Be patient," she said to him → She told him…………… "Go to your room," her father said to her → Her father told her………… "Hurry up," she said to us → She told us…………… "Give me the key," he told her → He asked her…………… "Play it again, Sam," she said → She asked Sam………………… "Sit down, Caron" he said → He asked Caron…………… "Fill in the form, Sir," the receptionist said → The receptionist asked the guest………… "Take off your shoes," she told us → She told us…………… 10 "Mind your own business," she told him → She told him…………………… Complete the sentences in reported speech Note the change of pronouns in some sentences "Don't touch it," she said to him → She told him………… "Don't that again," he said to me → He told me……………… "Don't talk to me like that," he said → He told her……………… "Don't repair the computer yourself," she warned him → She warned him…………… "Don't let him in," she said → She told me…………… "Don't go out without me," he begged her → He begged her……… "Don't forget your bag," she told me → She told me………… "Don't eat in the lab," the chemistry teacher said → The chemistry teacher told his students………… 9 "Don't give yourself up," he advised her → He advised her………… 10 "Don't hurt yourselves, boys," she said → She told the boys…………… Complete the sentences in reported speech Note the change of pronouns in some sentences She said, "Go upstairs." → She told me…………… "Close the door behind you," he told me → He told me………… "Don't be late," he advised us → He advised us…………… "Stop staring at me," she said → She told him…………… "Don't be angry with me," he said → He asked her………… "Leave me alone," she said → She told me…………… "Don't drink and drive," she warned us → She warned us………… "John, stop smoking," she said → She told John…………… "Don't worry about us," they said → They told her………… 10 "Meet me at the cinema." he said → He asked me…………… Complete the sentences in reported speech Note whether the sentence is a request, a statement or a question He said, "I like this song." → He said……………… "Where is your sister?" she asked me → She asked me……………… "I don't speak Italian," she said → She said……………… "Say hello to Jim," they said → They asked me…………… "The film began at seven o'clock," he said → He said……………… "Don't play on the grass, boys," she said → She told the boys………… "Where have you spent your money?" she asked him → She asked him…………… "I never make mistakes," he said → He said……………… "Does she know Robert?" he wanted to know → He wanted to know……………… 10 "Don't try this at home," the stuntman told the audience → The stuntman advised the audience…………… Complete the sentences in reported speech Note whether the sentence is a request, a statement or a question and whether you have to change the tenses or not "I was very tired," she said → She said…………… "Be careful, Ben," she said → She told Ben………… "I will get myself a drink," she says → She says……………… "Why haven't you phoned me?" he asked me → He wondered……………… "I cannot drive them home," he said → He said……………… "Peter, you prefer tea or coffee?" she says → She asks Peter……………… "Where did you spend your holidays last year?" she asked me → She asked me……………… He said, "Don't go too far." → He advised her……………… "Have you been shopping?" he asked us → He wanted to know……………… 10 "Don't make so much noise," he says → He asks us……………