360 The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Drawing perspective, 197-209 aerial perspective, 198 drawing, 203-206 eye level, 200 formal perspective, 198-199 horizon line, 200 houses, 244-245 informal perspective, 198-199 measuring, 206-207 one-point perspective, 201 picture plane, 199-202 planes in space, 208-209 three-point perspective, 202 tips for drawing outdoors, 203 two-point perspective, 201 vanishing points, 200-202 views, 203-204 photography animal portraiture, 267 landscape drawing, 217 PhotoShop, 333 Phthisic habitus, 276 picture planes, 48-51 building, 48 drawing exercise, 52-53 drawing with, 48-49 grids, setting up, 50-52 historical uses of, 49-50 perspective, 199-202 transferring drawings to paper, 54-55 visual concepts, 49-50 pitchers, 168 planes in space (perspec- tive), 208-209 planning lines (drawing still life), 110-111 plastic picture planes, 152 measuring angles, 131 patio doors, 159 political satire, 322-323 portraits, 290-293 animals, 265 setting the scene, 292 practicing, 8, 161 beginning techniques, 85-87 hand and eye warm- ups, 34-35 Palmer Method writing, 33-34 prehistoric drawing, 4 Prendergast, Maurice, 340 primary colors, 329 print (etching/print), 128 print paper, 128 printing images (comput- ers), 332 privacy, 166 problem solving (teaching drawing to children), 310-312 profile/vase-vase/profile drawing exercise, 23-25 proportions, 62 animals, 258-259 body proportion, 278-280 faces, 291 houses, 245 portraits, 288 Q-R Quark, 333 range, 93-95 rearranging objects for drawing, 166 receding planes (measur- ing angles), 132 reflections, 223 relational right. See right- brain resources for learning to draw, 347-348 reviewing drawings, 151 from a distance, 158 right-brain, 6, 17-18 child development, 19-20 developing in children, 7 drawing exercises, 23-30 profile/vase-vase/ profile, 23-25 right side up/upside down, 26-30 strengthening, 6 teaching children right- brain approach to drawing, 302-303 right side up/upside down drawing exercise, 26-30 right-handedness, 17-18 roads, 230 rough-surfaced paper, 84 S safaris, 265 Sargent, John Singer, 339 scale, 131, 199 animals, 268 people, 296 scanners, 332 sculptures, drawing from, 341 seashells, 182 secondary colors, 329 self-conciousness, 151 self-portraits, 293 shadow colors, 329 361 Index shadows, 188 landscapes, 225 tone, 115-118 3-D objects, drawing, 119 chiaroscuro, 119 drawing exercise, 119-122 tonal charts, creating, 116-118 weight, 119 shapes, 67, 119 animals, 258-259 in fabric, 169 faces, 291 flowers, 135 geometric shapes, 86-87 Shapiro, Harry, 343 sharing your work, 341-342 Sheeler, Charles, 338 shipyards, 232 shoes, 170 shrubs, 217 silverware, 167 siting the image, 96 skeletal system, 274 sketchbook journals. See journals space, 67, 119 landscapes, 215 negative space, 67-68 planes in space (per- spective), 208-209 Sperry, Roger W., 17 spontaneous drawing, 148 square, 63 squirrels, 189 statues (garden), 188 Stella, Joseph, 338 stencils, 322 still life, 101-102, 155 antique items, 171 bathroom items, 172 bedroom items, 168-170 checklist, 157 composition, 104-106 Golden Section, 105 cubes, 108 cylinders, 109 drawing in boxes, 110 ellipses, 107-108 eye level, 106-108 form, 158 fruit and vegetables, 104 humor, 172 kitchen items, 168 living room items, 171 patios, 174 planning lines, 110-111 reinventing the world, 321 selecting objects for, 101, 104 vantage point, 106 viewpoint, 106 window arrangements, 173 still life space, 94 storing drawings, 331 materials, 85 story illustrations, 319 structures houses, 241-242 building materials, 248 cityscapes, 247 countryside, 247-248 details, 245-252 drawing at different times, 243 farmhouses, 250 perspective, 244-245 proportion considera- tions, 245 Victorian, 249 special structures, 232 unusual structures, 251-252 studios, 80 reflecting the artist, 142 styles of drawing through history, 340 surface details, 132 symbolic drawing, 301 T teaching drawing to children children’s brain devel- opment, 7 drawing exercises, 310-312 encouraging creativity, 304-305 making drawing a positive experience, 307-310 problem solving, 310-312 right-brain approach to drawing, 302-303 visual development, 305 visual learning, 303 techniques, beginning techniques, 85-87 Ten Commandments of Frederick Frank, 344 tertiary colors, 329 textures, 132, 158 animals, 261 therapeutic drawing, 147 three dimensional (3-D), 50 three-point perspective, 202 thumbnail sketches (landscapes), 216 time, finding time to draw, 82 362 The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Drawing tones, 115-118, 158-160 3-D objects, drawing, 119 changing tonal range, 161 chiaroscuro, 119 drawing exercise, 119-122 tonal charts, creating, 116-118 weight, 119 tools (garden), 187 travel journals, 144 traveling, 315 trees, 216-217 trompe l’oeil, 198 two dimensional (2-D), 50 two-point perspective, 201 U-V unusual structures, drawing, 251-252 van Gogh, Vincent, 197 vanishing points (per- spective), 200-202 vantage point, 102, 106 vegetables, 185 still life, 104 vehicles, 235-236 vellum surface (paper), 84 vertical orientation (paper), 92 Victorian houses, 249 viewfinder frames, 59-60, 152-154 drawing with, 63-65 making, 60-62 viewpoint, 102, 106 views, 171 landscapes, 214 plastic picture planes, 159 vines, 220 virtual sketchbooks, 331-333 visual concepts (picture planes), 49-50 visual development, 305 visual learning, 303 W-Z warm-ups (hand and eye warm-ups), 34-35 water, 223 water-soluble pencils, 129 watercolor paper, 84, 128 waterfronts animals, 263 special structures, 232 Web sites, 332 Weber, Max, 338 weight, 119 paper, 84 wildflowers, 184, 316 wildlife, 189 window boxes, 187 writing, Palmer Method writing, 33 Wyeth, Andrew, 339 Zen, 148, 342-343 Zen of Seeing, The, 91 zoos, 266 . finding time to draw, 82 362 The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Drawing tones, 115-118, 158-160 3-D objects, drawing, 119 changing tonal range, 161 chiaroscuro, 119 drawing exercise, 119-122 tonal charts,. 360 The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Drawing perspective, 197-209 aerial perspective, 198 drawing, 203-206 eye level,. exercise, 52-53 drawing with, 48-49 grids, setting up, 50-52 historical uses of, 49-50 perspective, 199-202 transferring drawings to paper, 54-55 visual concepts, 49-50 pitchers, 168 planes in