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ptg Filters IN THIS CHAPTER Applying fi lters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .317 Creating and editing Smart Filters . . .320 Hiding, copying, and deleting Smart Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .321 Working with the Smart Filter mask . .322 (Most of) the fi lters illustrated . . . . .325 Turning photos into drawings or paintings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .333 19 You’ve probably already used a lter or two in an earlier chapter. In this chap- ter, they are the star players. Depending on which lters you apply and which settings you choose for them, the results can range from a subtle tweak to a total morph. A–B You can make an image look hand painted, silkscreened, or sketched; apply distortion or noise; produce patterns or textures; make an image look like a mosaic or like it’s being viewed through mottled glass — the creative possibilities are innite. Once you start using the Filter Gallery, you’ll see… time will y by. Using this chapter, you will learn techniques for applying lters, learn how to create and use Smart Filters, peruse an illustrated compendium of Photoshop lters, and combine a few lters to make a photo look hand drawn or painted (two quick exercises, just to get you started). Applying filters You can apply lters to a whole layer or just to a selec- tion on a layer. Most of the lters are applied either via the Filter Gallery or via an individual dialog; a small handful of them, such as Clouds and Blur, are applied in one step simply by choosing the lter name from a submenu on the Filter menu. If you apply a lter to a Smart Object layer, it becomes an editable, removable Smart Filter (see pages 320–324). If you try to select a lter and discover that it’s not available, the likely cause is that it’s incompatible with the current document color mode or bit depth. All the lters are available for RGB and Grayscale les; most lters are available for Lab Color les; fewer are avail- able for CMYK Color and 16-bits-per-channel les; still fewer are available for 32-bits-per-channel les; and none are available for Bitmap and Indexed Color les. B e C h a r c o a l l t e r i s a p p l i e d . A i s i s t h e o r i g i n a l i m a g e . ptg 318 Chapter 19 Most of the Photoshop lters are housed conve- niently under one roof in the Filter Gallery dialog. e dialog lets you preview dozens of lters and lter settings, show and hide each lter eect that you’ve previewed, and change the sequence in which they’re applied. To use the Filter Gallery: 1. Click an image layer (or for more exibility, a duplicate image layer) or click a Smart Object layer (see “To apply a Smart Filter” on page 320). Optional: To limit the lter to a specic area, create a selection. 2. e Foreground and/or Background colors are used by many lters (see the sidebar at right), and you must choose those colors now, before opening the Filter Gallery. 3. Choose Filter > Filter Gallery. e resizable gallery opens ( A , next page). 4. To change the zoom level for the preview, click the Zoom Out button or Zoom In button in the lower left corner of the dialog or choose a preset zoom level from the menu. (You can drag a magnied preview in the window.) 5. Do either of the following: In the middle pane of the dialog, click an arrowhead to expand any of the six lter categories, then click a lter thumbnail. Choose a lter name from the menu below the Cancel button (you may need to click a lter thumbnail to make the menu listings appear). 6. On the right side of the dialog, choose settings for the lter. Note that the lter you’ve chosen is now listed in the right section of the dialog. 7. Do any of the following optional steps: To apply another lter eect, click the New Effect Layer button, click a lter thumbnail in any category, then choose settings. e lter may take a moment or two to process. To replace one lter eect with another, click a lter eect name on the scroll list (don’t click the New Eect Layer button), then choose a replacement lter and settings. To hide a lter eect, click the visibility icon next to the eect name (click again to redisplay). To change the stacking order of a lter eect to produce a dierent result in the image, drag the eect name upward or downward on the list. To remove a lter eect from the list, select it, then click the Delete Effect Layer button. 8. When you’re satised with the lter(s) and settings that you’ve chosen, click OK. ➤ To remove a non-Smart Filter, click a prior doc- ument state or snapshot on the History panel. ➤ Alt-click/Option-click the visibility icon for a l t e r e e c t t o h i d e o r s h o w t h e p r e v i e w s f o r a l l the other eects. ➤ If you choose an individual lter from the Filter menu in Photoshop that also happens to be in the Filter Gallery, the Filter Gallery opens automatically. ➤ Plug-in lters for Photoshop are also available for purchase from third-party suppliers. FILTERS THAT USE THE FOREGROUND AND BACKGROUND COLORS The fi lters listed below use the current Foreground and/or Background colors. Some fi lters, such as Charcoal, Graphic Pen, and Photocopy (in the Sketch category), look good in the default Photoshop colors of black and white, whereas others look better in color. But don’t just take our word for it — experiment and see for yourself. ➤ Artistic > Colored Pencil (Background color), Neon Glow (Foreground and Background colors) ➤ Distort > Diffuse Glow (Background color) ➤ Pixelate > Pointillize (Background color) ➤ Render > Clouds, Difference Clouds, Fibers (Foreground and Background colors) ➤ Sketch > Bas Relief, Chalk & Charcoal, Charcoal, Conté Crayon, Graphic Pen, Halftone Pattern, Note Paper, Photocopy, Plaster, Reticulation, Stamp, Torn Edges (Foreground and Background colors) ➤ Stylize > Tiles (Foreground or Background color) ➤ Texture > Stained Glass (Foreground color) REAPPLYING THE LAST-USED FILTER ➤ To reapply the last-used fi lter using the same settings, choose Filter > [last fi lter name] (Ctrl-F/Cmd-F). ➤ To reopen either the last-used fi lter dialog or the Filter Gallery with the settings for the last-used fi lter displayed, press Ctrl-Alt-F/Cmd-Option-F. ptg Filters 319 A e F i l t e r G a l l e r y d i a l o g h a s t h r e e s e c t i o n s : a p r e v i e w a r e a o n t h e l e f t , l t e r c a t e g o r i e s w i t h t h u m b n a i l s i n t h e m i d d l e , a n d on the right the settings for the currently selected lter and a list of the lter eects you’ve previewed thus far. H i d e o r s h o w t h e l t e r e e c t p r e v i e w D r a g t o r e s i z e the dialog Z o o m c o n t r o l s C l i c k t h i s b u t t o n t o h i d e t h e t h u m b n a i l s a n d e x p a n d t h e preview area; click it again to redisplay the thumbnails. New Eect Layer To preview a lter eect, either click a thumb- nail or choose a lter name from the menu. USING THE PREVIEW IN AN INDIVIDUAL FILTER DIALOG Preview window Zoom Out and Zoom In buttons Some lters are applied via an individual dia- log. Of those dialogs, some contain a preview window and some don’t. ➤ For individual fi lter dialogs that have a preview window, you can click the + button to zoom in or the – button to zoom out (we usually do the latter). When the preview is magnifi ed, you can drag it inside the preview window. You can also click and hold in the preview, then release, to compare the image with and without the fi lter effect. Some fi lter dialogs also have a Preview check box that you can click on or off. ➤ When some fi lter dialogs are open (such as Blur > Gaussian Blur or Motion Blur), if you click in the docu- ment window (square pointer), that area of the image will appear in the preview window. ptg 320 Chapter 19 Creating and editing Smart Filters When you apply a lter to a Smart Object, it becomes a Smart Filter. As with layer eects, you can edit, hide, or remove Smart Filters at any time, apply multiple lters to the same Smart Object layer, hide individual lters while keeping others visible, and move or copy lters from one Smart Object layer to another. You can also edit the lter mask (which is created automatically), change the stacking order of the lters, and of course edit the Smart Object. To learn about Smart Object layers, see pages 308–311. e le formats that support Photoshop layers — including PSD, PDF, and TIFF — also support Smart Filters. Some third-party (non-Adobe) lters can also be applied as Smart Filters. To apply a Smart Filter: 1. Do either of the following: Click an existing Smart Object layer. Click an image layer, then choose Filter > Convert for Smart Filters (or right-click the layer and choose Convert to Smart Object). 2. Optional: Create a selection to restrict which part of the image the lter aects. (e selection shape will appear in the lter mask after you apply a lter.) 3. Apply a lter. A Smart Filters listing and mask thumbnail appear on the Layers panel, with the lter name nested below. A (Note: Filter > Liquify and Vanishing Point can’t be applied as Smart Filters.) e greatest advantage to using Smart Filters is that you can edit the lter settings at any time. To edit the settings for a Smart Filter: 1. Do either of the following: Double-click on or next to the Smart Filter name on the Layers panel. Right-click the Smart Filter name and choose Edit Smart Filter from the context menu. 2. If any Smart Filters are listed above the one you’re editing, an alert will appear, indicating that those lter eects will be hidden until you exit the Filter Gallery or lter dialog. B Check Don’t Show Again to prevent the warning from appearing again, if desired, then click OK. 3. Make the desired changes in the lter dialog, then click OK. B If you edit a Smart Filter and other lters are listed above it on the same layer, this alert dialog appears. CHANGING THE COLOR MODE OR BIT DEPTH When changing the document color mode or bit depth, if the document contains Smart Filters that aren’t sup- ported by the new mode or depth, an alert appears (shown below). If you click Don’t Rasterize and then click Don’t Flatten, this symbol will display next to the fi lter names, indicating that the fi lter effect is inaccessible. If you then convert the fi le to a mode or depth that does support the fi lter (and respond to the alerts again the same way), the icon will disappear and the fi lter effect will become available again. A If you apply a Smart Filter by choosing Filter > Filter Gallery, the lter listing will be a generic “Filter Gallery”; if you apply a Smart Filter by choosing its individual name from the Filter menu, its name will be listed. i s i c o n i n d i c a t e s that this Smart Object contains lter eects ptg Filters 321 Not only can you change the blending mode and opacity of any Smart Object layer, but each Smart Filter can also have its own blending mode and opac- ity setting. Granted, this can be a lot to keep track of. And unfortunately, no indicator appears on the Layers panel to let you know if those settings have been changed from the defaults. To edit the blending options for a Smart Filter: 1. Double-click the Blending Options icon next to the lter name on the Layers panel, and click OK if an alert dialog appears. A–B e Blending Options dialog opens. C Check Preview. 2. Lower the zoom level, if desired, change the blending Mode and/or Opacity (use the latter to fade the lter eect), then click OK. D Hiding, copying, and deleting Smart Filters To hide or show Smart Filter effects: Do either of the following: Click the visibility icon for the Smart Filters listing to hide all the Smart Filters on that layer. Click the visibility icon for any individual Smart Filter. is may take longer to process than clicking the visibility icon for all the lters. Click the icon again to redisplay the hidden lter eects. To copy Smart Filters from one Smart Object layer to another: Expand the list of Smart Filters on a Smart Object layer, then Alt-drag/Option-drag either the Smart Filters listing or an individual lter listing into another Smart Object layer. ➤ You can restack any Smart Filter within a Smart Object layer. ➤ If you drag a lter or the Smart Filters listing from one Smart Object layer to another with- out holding down Alt/Option, the lters will be removed from the source layer and will be added to any existing Smart Filters on the target layer. Pause to let Photoshop process the change. D Now more of the Dry Brush lter is showing through. A We applied the Fresco and Dry Brush lters to this image. B We double-clicked the Blending Options icon on the Layers panel for the Fresco lter. C Via the Blending Options dialog, we lowered the opacity of the Fresco lter. ptg 322 Chapter 19 If you delete a Smart Filter from a layer that con- tains other lters, Photoshop may take a moment or two to update the display. To delete a Smart Filter: Do either of the following: Right-click a Smart Filter and choose Delete Smart Filter. Drag the Smart Filter to the Delete Layer button. Working with the Smart Filter mask All Smart Filters have a lter mask. If you create a selection before applying a lter, the selection shape will appear in the mask. To work with the mask, see the next instructions. To create a lter mask if there is none (someone deleted it), do as follows. To create a filter mask: 1. Optional: Create a selection. 2. Do either of the following: Right-click Smart Filters on the Layers panel and choose Add Filter Mask. Click the Smart Object layer on the Layers panel, then on the Masks panel, click the Add Filter Mask button. A lter mask is edited the same way as a layer mask. For an illustration of how this works, see the next two pages. To edit a filter mask: Do any of the following: To edit the mask by applying brush strokes, click the mask thumbnail, then with the Brush tool, apply strokes with black to hide the l t e r e e c t o r w i t h w h i t e t o r e v e a l a r e a s y o u ’ v e hidden. To hide areas partially, apply strokes with black and a lower tool opacity. For a gradual transition between the ltered and nonltered areas, click the lter mask thumbnail on the Layers panel, then on the Masks panel, adjust the Feather value (you can also reduce the mask eect via the Density slider). Another option is to apply a gradient to the lter mask with the Gradient tool. BECOMING A FILTER WIZARD ➤ To make your fi lter results look less uniform or machine made, apply more than one to the same layer. That way, no single effect will stand out. ➤ To intensify the fi lter results, before applying them, pump up the brightness and contrast of the image via a Levels adjustment layer. Move the black Input Levels slider slightly to the right and the white Input Levels slider slightly to the left. ➤ If a fi lter has been applied to a duplicate image layer (not to a Smart Object layer), you can lessen its effect by lowering the layer opacity, or selectively limit its effect by applying black strokes in the document with the layer mask thumbnail selected. ➤ If multiple fi lters are applied to a Smart Object layer, you can selectively reduce the effect of any individual one via the Blending Options dialog (see the preceding page). ➤ If you encounter memory problems when applying fi l t e r s ( P h o t o s h o p m e m o r y , t h a t i s , n o t y o u r o w n f o r - getfulness!), some possible solutions are to use Edit > Purge > All fi rst to free up memory, exit/quit other open applications, or if necessary, allocate more RAM to Photoshop. Also, keep in mind that for the same fi l t e r , s o m e s e t t i n g s m a y r e q u i r e m o r e R A M t o p r o c e s s than others. For example, a setting that produces many small shapes may take more processing time than one that produces a few large ones. ➤ To display the lter mask by itself in the docu- ment, Alt-click/Option-click the mask; repeat to redisplay the full Smart Object layer. ➤ To load a lter mask as a selection, Ctrl-click/ Cmd-click the lter mask thumbnail. To deactivate or delete a filter mask: To deactivate a lter mask temporarily, Shift- click the mask thumbnail (a red X appears over the thumbnail); repeat to reactivate it. To delete a lter mask, drag it to the Delete Layer button on the Layers panel; or click it, then on the Masks panel, click the Delete Mask button. ptg Filters 323 C We reduced the Smart Object layer opacity to 62%. A i s i s t h e o r i g i n a l image. B We duplicated the image layer, converted it to a Smart Object layer, pressed D to reset the default Foreground and Background colors, then applied Filter > Sketch > Charcoal. D We clicked the lter mask, then with the Brush tool at 50% Opacity and black as the Foreground color, applied strokes to partially restore the tiger’s face to its virgin state. WORKING WITH SMART FILTERS, BY EXAMPLE Continued on the following page E i s i s t h e L a y e r s p a n e l f o r t h e g u r e s h o w n at left. ptg 324 Chapter 19 B To fade the lter eect gradually, we clicked the lter mask, then with the Gradient tool at 100% Opacity, applied the “Black,White” gradient (radial type) by dragging from the center of the image out- ward. e lter eect is full where the mask is white, and fades to nil where the mask is black. A Next, to wipe the mask clean in order to try a dif- ferent approach, we erased our brush strokes from the lter mask with the Eraser tool. (Alternatively, we could have pressed Ctrl-A/Cmd-A to select the whole layer, pressed Backspace/Delete, then deselected all.) C e g r a d i e n t i n t h e l t e r m a s k i s d i m i n i s h i n g t h e impact of the lter in the center of the image (the tiger’s face) — where we want the focal point to be. . menu in Photoshop that also happens to be in the Filter Gallery, the Filter Gallery opens automatically. ➤ Plug-in lters for Photoshop are also available for purchase from third-party suppliers. FILTERS. layers, see pages 308–311. e le formats that support Photoshop layers — including PSD, PDF, and TIFF — also support Smart Filters. Some third-party (non-Adobe) lters can also be applied as Smart. applying lters, learn how to create and use Smart Filters, peruse an illustrated compendium of Photoshop lters, and combine a few lters to make a photo look hand drawn or painted (two quick
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