26 PART II: Diagnosing Strengths and Weaknesses www.petersons.com 45. According to the passage, how fast did the New Orleans travel downstream be- tween New Orleans and Natchez? (A) 3 miles per hour (B) 8 miles per hour (C) 13 miles per hour (D) 18 miles per hour 46. According to the passage why was Henry Shreve called the “father of Mississippi navigation”? (A) He designed a steering mechanism that other steamboats used. (B) He was born and raised in a small village on the banks of the Mississippi. (C) He printed maps for the steamboat captains and pilots. (D) He adapted steamboat design to fit the shallow waters of the river. 47. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase “from then on” as used in line 33 in the passage? (A) Subsequently (B) Consequently (C) Apparently (D) Thoroughly 48. According to the passage, after the 1830s, steamboats had all of the follow- ing EXCEPT: (A) Orchestras (B) Chefs and maids (C) Chandeliers (D) Air conditioning 49. According to the passage, how long did the average steamboat remain afloat? (A) Two to three years (B) Three to four years (C) Four to five years (D) Five to six years 50. Where can the following sentence best be added to the passage? Mark Twain, a steamboat pilot who became one of America’s greatest writers, told about his brother’s death in a steamboat explosion in his book Life on the Mississippi. (A) After the words “Mississippi River” in paragraph 2 (B) After the phrase “Shreve’s design” in paragraph 3 (C) After the word “chandeliers” in para- graph 4 (D) After the phrase “their passengers” in paragraph 5 02_TOEFL Reading Ch 2,15-28 7/29/06, 11:4926 Chapter 2: Practice Test 1: Diagnostic 27 www.petersons.com answers diagnostic test ANSWER KEY AND EXPLANATIONS 1. A 11. B 21. C 31. C 41. D 2. B 12. C 22. B 32. B 42. B 3. A 13. B 23. B 33. C 43. C 4. B 14. B 24. A 34. B 44. D 5. C 15. D 25. D 35. A 45. B 6. D 16. C 26. A 36. A 46. D 7. B 17. B 27. D 37. B 47. A 8. A 18. A 28. C 38. C 48. D 9. A 19. B 29. B 39. D 49. C 10. B 20. A 30. A 40. D 50. D 1. The correct answer is (A). The other choices are incorrect definitions. 2. The correct answer is (B). The answer is stated in the first paragraph. 3. The correct answer is (A). The other answer choices do not relate to the mean- ing of the word. 4. The correct answer is (B). The answer is stated in the second paragraph. 5. The correct answer is (C). The answer is stated in the second paragraph. 6. The correct answer is (D). Choice (D) can be inferred from the final two sen- tences in the passage. There is nothing in the passage to indicate the educational level of cabildos, so choice (A) cannot be inferred. The work of cabildos was im- portant, so there is no basis to consider that only “some” cabildos were impor- tant. Choice (C) is directly stated in the third paragraph. 7. The correct answer is (B). A police officer keeps the peace. 8. The correct answer is (A). Only choice (A) makes sense and is general enough in the context of the sentence. Choice (B) does not make sense. Choices (C) and (D) are only two of the various responsibili- ties that cabildos might be in charge of. 9. The correct answer is (A). It is NOT true. Sentence 2 in the fourth paragraph disproves this answer. 10. The correct answer is (B). Paragraph 2 describes the functioning of cabildos, so it is the best place to add a sentence that provides more details about this aspect. Choice (A), paragraph 1, discusses the background of cabildos, not their func- tions. Inserting the sentence into para- graphs 3 or 4 would interrupt the flow of ideas in either paragraph. 11. The correct answer is (B). Fascinat- ing means to hold the attention of some- one by being interesting. Fabulous means hard to believe or incredible. Neither choices (A) or (D) are correct definitions. 12. The correct answer is (C). The answer is stated in the first paragraph. 13. The correct answer is (B). 14. The correct answer is (B). Omit the phrase “according to legend” and it is easier to see that the antecedent is game. 15. The correct answer is (D). Sentence 2 of the first paragraph states that Oakley 02_TOEFL Reading Ch 2,15-28 7/29/06, 11:4927 28 PART II: Diagnosing Strengths and Weaknesses www.petersons.com was born in 1860. The final sentence in the paragraph states both that she was 15 when she worked with Butler and that she married him a year later. Add 15 plus 1 to find that she was 16 when she married Butler. Sixteen plus 1860 equals 1876 when they married. 16. The correct answer is (C). It is not true. Choice (A) can be inferred from the third paragraph. Choice (B) is stated in the first paragraph. Choice (D) is stated in the second paragraph. 17. The correct answer is (B). Substitute the answers into the sentence and an- swer (B) makes the most sense in con- text. 18. The correct answer is (A). The sen- tence sums up Oakley’s life. If it were inserted in any of the other choices, it would not make sense because it would interrupt the description of what she did in her life. 19. The correct answer is (B). The answer is stated in the fourth paragraph. 20. The correct answer is (A). There is no information in the passage to support either choices (B) or (D). Choice (C) is contradicted in the fourth paragraph. 21. The correct answer is (C). Only choice (C) includes both Eagan’s education and athletic ability. Choice (A) is not sup- ported by information in the passage. Choices (B) and (D) are misreadings of the passage. 22. The correct answer is (B). The answer is stated in the second paragraph. 23. The correct answer is (B). The answer is stated in the first paragraph. 24. The correct answer is (A). Eliminate choice (D) immediately because Eagan served in World War I. 25. The correct answer is (D). It is NOT true. Paragraph 3 states that Eagan did not win this medal. 26. The correct answer is (A). The an- swer is stated in the third paragraph. 27. The correct answer is (D). Adding the sentence to the end of paragraph 4 picks up and adds to the information in the preceding sentence. There is no refer- ence to athletics in the first paragraph, so adding the sentence there makes no sense. The sentence would interrupt the sense of the paragraphs if added where either choice (B) or (C) indicate. 28. The correct answer is (C). The answer is stated at the end of the sentence. 29. The correct answer is (B). The answer is stated in the fourth paragraph. 30. The correct answer is (A). The answer is stated in the first sentence of the fourth paragraph. 31. The correct answer is (C). The First Folio had twice as many plays as had been printed previously and the inclu- sion of the two actors in the publishing team implies that good texts were used. Choice (B) is stated in the first para- graph and the question asks for an infer- ence. There is no information to support either choices (A) or (D). 32. The correct answer is (B). The other answer choices are incorrect definitions. 33. The correct answer is (C). Statements in the second and third paragraphs sup- port this answer. 34. The correct answer is (B). The other answer choices are incorrect. 35. The correct answer is (A). The answer is stated in the final sentence of the second paragraph. 36. The correct answer is (A). To publish means to issue books, whereas to print means to imprint letters onto paper. [Very fine distinction and difficult for an ELL person to figure out from the context which uses both publish and print in the same sentence.] 02_TOEFL Reading Ch 2,15-28 7/29/06, 11:4928 Chapter 2: Practice Test 1: Diagnostic 29 www.petersons.com answers diagnostic test 37. The correct answer is (B). The answer is stated in the third paragraph. 38. The correct answer is (C). The answer is supported by sentence 1 of the third paragraph. 39. The correct answer is (D). It is NOT true. Paragraph 4 supports this answer as being not true, but correct. 40. The correct answer is (D). The word “they” is a clue to the best place to insert this sentence. The antecedent for choice (A) is “folio edition,” which is singular. The antecedent for choice (B) is singular, “formality,” which also does not make sense. The antecedent for choice (C) is Romeo and Juliet, which is also singular. Only choice (D) provides a plural ante- cedent “1,000 copies” and also makes sense. 41. The correct answer is (D). The first paragraph supports this inference. Also, mention is not made in the passage of the other areas. 42. The correct answer is (B). The other answer choices use some form of the word tributary, but only choice (B) is correct. Choice (A) refers to tribute, choice (C) refers to tricycle, and choice (D) refers to tri-state. 43. The correct answer is (C). The refer- ence in lines 17–18 to “regular steam- boat service” supports this answer. 44. The correct answer is (D). Substitute the answer choices into the sentence and the only one that makes sense is choice (D). 45. The correct answer is (B). The answer is stated in the second paragraph. 46. The correct answer is (D). The answer is stated in the third paragraph. 47. The correct answer is (A). The other answer choices do not make sense. 48. The correct answer is (D). It is NOT true. The other answer choices are sup- ported by information in paragraph 3. 49. The correct answer is (C). The answer is supported by the phrase “average life span of a steamboat” in line 49. 50. The correct answer is (D). Adding the sentence as indicated in choices (A), (B), and (C) would interrupt the flow of thought. Choice (D) inserts the sentence as an example to illustrate the detail about explosions on steamboats. 02_TOEFL Reading Ch 2,15-28 7/29/06, 11:4929 02_TOEFL Reading Ch 2,15-28 7/29/06, 11:4930 P ART III TOEFLREADING REVIEW CHAPTER 3 Developing Reading Comprehension Skills 03_TOEFL Reading Ch 3,31-91 7/29/06, 12:0031 03_TOEFL Reading Ch 3,31-91 7/29/06, 12:0032 . steamboats. 02 _TOEFL Reading Ch 2,15-28 7/29/ 06, 11:4929 02 _TOEFL Reading Ch 2,15-28 7/29/ 06, 11:4930 P ART III TOEFL READING REVIEW CHAPTER 3 Developing Reading Comprehension Skills 03 _TOEFL Reading. first paragraph states that Oakley 02 _TOEFL Reading Ch 2,15-28 7/29/ 06, 11:4927 28 PART II: Diagnosing Strengths and Weaknesses www.petersons.com was born in 1 860 . The final sentence in the paragraph. A 13. B 23. B 33. C 43. C 4. B 14. B 24. A 34. B 44. D 5. C 15. D 25. D 35. A 45. B 6. D 16. C 26. A 36. A 46. D 7. B 17. B 27. D 37. B 47. A 8. A 18. A 28. C 38. C 48. D 9. A 19. B 29. B 39.