Adverbs 209 Order of adverbs There is a strong tendency to use the different classes of adverbs in a certain left-to-right order. People usually follow this order when they use more than one class of adverb: (1) manner, (2) place, (3) time, (4) reason. Here are some examples: Manner Place Time Reason I bought some sandwiches at the grocery this morning for lunch You need to practice seriously every day to get any better The plane circled the fi eld with its engine roaring all afternoon It rained heavily in the mountains during the night due to a warm front I found an apartment for Anne by advertising in the paper Sunday Fred did the dishes after breakfast because there wasn’t a clean dish in the house The pipe started leaking badly under the sink this morning Exercise 12.10 Move the adverbs in each of the following sentences to follow the proper manner-place-time- reason left-to-right order. because it was so hot in our kitchen last night at a restaurant We ate dinner. We ate dinner at a restaurant last night because it was so hot in our kitchen. (i-viiiB,001-328B) whl bk.indd 209 3/16/09 12:34:20 PM 210 Verb Phrases 1. over the weekend at the gym I hurt my knee. 2. this afternoon by replacing the circuit board They fi x e d my computer. 3. because the flow is so restricted loudly all the time The river roars. 4. at the Marriott since our offices were being repainted We had our sales presentation. 5. because he was calling from his cell phone so loudly He talked. 6. to keep current with their needs every year carefully We survey all of our customers. 7. since we had dealt with that issue before at once I recognized the problem. 8. for their generous leave policy a lot Everyone liked the company. 9. before we took any action thoroughly We investigated the problem. 10. this afternoon at the gym because it was so hot I got very tired. 11. for a few minutes to give them time to get organized Can you postpone the meeting? 12. every weekend at school Our son is taking advanced placement courses. 13. because the material was new to us a great deal Everyone enjoyed the lecture. (i-viiiB,001-328B) whl bk.indd 210 3/16/09 12:34:20 PM Adverbs 211 14. to get any real compliance seriously You must enforce your policies. 15. to collect antiques every year We tour Italy. 16. when we explained to him again perfectly He understood the idea. 17. in order to head off a bigger problem later right now You must solve the problem. 18. since it has major cost implications carefully They will review your proposal. 19. when you leave in order to save electricity Please turn off the lights in the offi ce. 20. tonight to take Anne to a movie Can I borrow the car? (i-viiiB,001-328B) whl bk.indd 211 3/16/09 12:34:20 PM This page intentionally left blank Sentences PART 3 (i-viiiB,001-328B) whl bk.indd 213 3/16/09 12:34:20 PM This page intentionally left blank 215 13 Questions and Negatives Every language has ways of forming questions and negatives. In English, the processes of forming questions and negatives are closely related. First we will examine how English forms questions, and then we will turn to negatives. Questions In all languages there are two fundamentally different types of questions: yes-no questions and information questions. Yes-no questions ask for “yes” or “no” answers. Information questions, on the other hand, ask for specifi c information and cannot be answered with a simple yes or no. Here are some examples of each type: Here are some roughly comparable yes-no and information questions: Yes-no questions Information questions Is there a staff meeting today? When is the staff meeting? Do you know his wife’s name? What is his wife’s name? Can I go, too? Where are you going? Will you be late? When will you get back? Obviously, the answers to the yes-no questions only anticipate an answer of yes or no, while the information question requires a specifi c piece of information. A mere yes or no to the ques- tion, “When is the staff meeting?” would be inadequate and inappropriate. (i-viiiB,001-328B) whl bk.indd 215 3/16/09 12:34:20 PM . movie Can I borrow the car? (i-viiiB,001 -328 B) whl bk.indd 211 3/16/09 12:34:20 PM This page intentionally left blank Sentences PART 3 (i-viiiB,001 -328 B) whl bk.indd 213 3/16/09 12:34:20 PM This. ways of forming questions and negatives. In English, the processes of forming questions and negatives are closely related. First we will examine how English forms questions, and then we will. 13. because the material was new to us a great deal Everyone enjoyed the lecture. (i-viiiB,001 -328 B) whl bk.indd 210 3/16/09 12:34:20 PM Adverbs 211 14. to get any real compliance seriously