in dealing with foreign business the marketer must be particularly aware of the varying objectives and aspiration of management explain question 4 chapter 5

The stability of a government can be impacted by a variety of factors, including radical shifts in governmental philosophy when an opposing political party gains power, pressure from nat

UNIVERSITY INTERNATIONAL

MARKETING Final Essay

Name : Pham Thien Nhan Student ID : 31201023585 Class : 22CIMARS50309609

Lecturer : Hoang Cuu Long

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Part I

Question 1: “In dealing with foreign business, the marketer must be particularly aware of the varying objectives and aspiration of management” Explain (Question 4, Chapter 5)

In a particular community, people observe and participate in a particular set of values, beliefs, behaviors, characteristics, views, activities, and organizes The social rank or status of management is determined by society as a whole, and characteristics of aspirations and goals among business owners are determined by cultural background The marketer cannot compare the management's objectives of a multinational corporation to those of companies in his own country that are similar to the one the foreign company is in (Scholaron, nd) The goals and aspirations of management vary with each company in nation So it stands to reason that they are probably quite different abroad Marketing professionals must interact with businesses in a way that supports their goals or risk losing their business relationships

Managers’ perspectives on their personal and professional lives are significantly impacted by their training, background, and cultural environment (Philip et al., 2010) To fully comprehend someone else's way of working, everyone should respect that person's values, which are typically reflected in the objectives of the business enterprise and in the norms that are followed there

1 Security and Mobility: Individual security and career mobility have significant economic and social repercussions because they are directly related to the fundamental human drive This ambiguity itself offers some indicators of managerial variety when we use “security” Security can mean different things to different people For some, it means a large salary and the ability to move from one firm to another within the corporate structure For someone else, it means the security of long term employment To still others, it refers to adequate retirement benefits and other social security benefits for others

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Companies in Europe, especially those locate your computer France and tay, have such a patemalistic C ñ Save to a Stu dy! ist stay with a single employer for the majority

priority on qualified management, sound businu ¿ , wage couse, vvveseys and comfortable work environment This is such different from the US, managers place a high value on autonomy and individual success Thus, American managers have more mobility

According to such general differences, employee commitment to their employers was generally higher in nations with higher levels of individualism (IDV) and lower levels of power distance (PDI) (Ronald et al., 2009)

2, Personal Life: Like most people, having a happy personal and family life comes before wealth, security, or just about any objective In a global study of people's aspirations, some cultures emphasized that having a good personal life was far more valuable than having a successful career or accomplishing anything (David, 1985)

Take Japan for an example, we can describe that private life is business life For many Japanese workers, their job is the most significant aspect of their entire lives The Japanese work ethic - maintaining a sense of purpose - comes from loyalty to the company, which frequently leads to the Japanese staff sustaining meaning with the business

Intensive company loyalty was fostered by lifelong employment, which is slowly disappearing from Japanese business culture Due to rising oil prices, even Japanese office formality is now bending; ties and buttoned collars are being removed and thermostats are being left at 82 degrees (Philip et al., 2010)

3 Affiliation and Acceptance: Acceptance by citizens and coworkers considered to be a key objective in business in some nations The importance of group decision-making and the emphasis that Asians place on blending in along with their team are reflections of the Asian outlook

This can be easily to concern when asking a person that what he does for living, instead of responding that he is a chauffeur, engineer, or chemist, he typically says that he works for the corporation with its name For example, he can tell you that he works for Samsung, Vinfast or Lazada

4 Power and Achievenment: Power could be a more significant motivating factor in South American nations, despite the fact that business managers seek power to some extent everywhere Beside, this can be recognized on people who have a red color in their color characteristic, this is about human manage Many businessmen and women in these nations are not only concerned with making a profit, but also with using their positions in the community and in politics

The aspirations for achievement also identified by organizational researchers in the US are similar but distinct Money in the bank and high rank are two indicators of success that are especially pertinent to the US (Philip et al., 2010)

Question 2: Discuss how governmental instability can affect marketing (Question 8, Chapter 6)

A stable, cordial government is the ideal political environment for a multinational corporation Regrettably, very kind and stable governments don't always stay that way Neither do friendly and stable governments The stability of a government can be impacted by a variety of factors, including radical shifts in governmental philosophy when an opposing political party gains power, pressure from nationalist and self- interest groups, weak economic conditions, prejudice against foreign investment, and conflicts between governments (Sabrina, 2008) The stability and sociability of the government in each polity must be evaluated as an ongoing business profession because foreign businesses are evaluated according to standards that are as diverse as the nations themselves

In a nation, political instability can occur through acts of violence, civil war, strikes, coups d'états, and the overthrow of the government This has an impact on businesses

and investments because neither would want to start operating in an unstable micro economy (Djatmika, 2017) Those investments and businesses will experience failure, death, and decline

Income inequality feeds social unrest and increases social unrest by focusing on political instability It has a negative impact on investment and, as a result, slows down growth by raising the likelihood of coups, revolutions, and large-scale violence, or, more generally, by escalating policy uncertainty and posing a threat to property rights

A nation's business environment is crucial Regardless of their structure (private or state-owned), industry (manufacturing, services, or retail), size (small, medium, or large) (Philip et al., 2010) or other characteristics, businesses have the potential to improve the nation in many ways

Growth is hampered by political instability because it makes policy decisions more uncertain, which has a detrimental impact on saving and investing, two productive economic decisions Future policies are uncertain when there is a high likelihood of a change in government, so risk-averse entrepreneurs may postpone or even "exit" the country by making investments abroad (Djatmika, 2017)

International markets are prone to political instability for five main reasons: (1) some forms of government appear to be inherently unstable; (2) changes in political parties during elections can have significant effects on trade conditions; (3) nationalism; (4) hostility directed at particular countries; and (5) trade disputes themselves

1 Form of Government: Rule by one, rule by few, and rule by many were the three basic forms of government that the ancient Greeks proposed and decried Today, these structures are referred to as monarchy (or dictatorship), aristocracy (or oligarchy), and democracy, respectively (Philip et al., 2010)

Although since period of Aristotle, Cyrus, and the others, everyone seemed to agree that freeenterprise democracy was the best response to all of the criticisms of the

government (The Economist, 2010) As a result, almost all of the more than 200 sovereign states on Earth have universal suffrage for those who are 18 years old or older and at least nominally representative governments Voting is voluntary in the remaining ninety percent of the countries Several nations have peculiar suffrage laws: Military and law enforcement personnel are prohibited from voting in Peru, while voters in Bolivia, Croatia, and Peru can vote at age 18 if they are employed and at age 21 if they are single (Philip et al., 2010) The apparent reversion of some nations to autocracy and away from democracy, including those like Venezuela, Kenya, Georgia, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Georgia, and Kyrgyzstan, is more concerning

Politics can be very unstable, which can have a significant impact on business Globally operating businesses may find this challenging Such circumstances will result in looting and riots, which can seriously harm businesses Such circumstances directly affect a company's operations and everyday operations, making it challenging for businesses to function Race riots are such a instance where businesses suffer greatly (Bhasin, 2020)

For instance, President Donald Trump's visit to India in 2017 comecided with the recent racial unrest that broke out in New Delhi India and the US signed numerous trade agreements despite having no connection, and ironically, businesses were impacted by the riots

In a similar vein, Mubarak Hosni's ouster was supported by nearly the entire population of Cairo The president had to leave office following the 18-day revolution in 2011 Many businesses experienced negative effects during this time In light of this, businesses must have political stability

2 Political Parties: It is crucial to understand the course each political party is likely to pursue in nations where two powerful political parties frequently alternate controlling the government (Joy, 2008) For instance, the Labour Party in Great Britain has typically been more anti-foreign deal than for Conservative Party When in power, the Labour Party restricted imported products, whereas the Conservative Party tended to liberalize

international trade Foreign businesses operating in Britain can anticipate a seesaw between Conservative and Labour trade policies that are liberal and restrictive, respectively

Naturally, the Democratic Congress in America was hesitant to approve free trade agreements reached by George Bush's Republican congress in the White House In order to be fully informed about the political climate, a savvy global marketer must comprehend every facet of the political scene Investments are discouraged by sudden and abrupt changes in government policies, regardless of their underlying cause In short, it's critical to examine contemporary political philosophy and sentiments in a nation when assessing the stability and marketability of a government

3 Nationalism: Another aspect of evaluating the business climate is economic and cultural nationalism, that mostly develops to some extent in all nations A nation's citizens becoming more proud of their country can be best characterized as experiencing nationalism, which is an intense sense of national pride and unity This pride may manifest as an anti-foreign business prejudice, wherein minimal interference with and restrictions on foreign investment are tolerated, 1f not praised (David, 2009) Companies like Coca-Cola, IBM, and other made the decision to leave India during this time rather than deal with the uncertainty of a hostile economic environment due to the country's extremely restrictive policies against foreign investors Similar mindsets were prevalent in several Latin American nations, which resulted in expropriations and even the restriction of foreign investments

Nationalist sentiment changes as circumstances and attitudes do, so foreign businesses that are welcomed today may experience harassment tomorrow and vice versa 4, Targeted Fear and/or Animosity:

Americans regarded Japan's economic threat as greater than the Soviet Union's military threat So, when Toyota wasted billions on a marketing campaign depicting

Camrys being manufactured by Americans in a Toyota factory in Kentucky, it may have exacerbated fears that the Japanese were "colonizing" the United States The issue was "Americans' fear of Japan," as it was properly defined

Whatever its origin, national hostility plays a crucial role in the political environment, according to Walmart stores The United States is also susceptible to the same kinds of targeted negativism Americans turned against French wine, French cheese, and even goods they mistakenly believed to be French as a result of the rift between France and the United States over the Iraq-U.S war

5 Trade Disputes: Even small trade disputes have the potential to disrupt larger international markets The chapter's introduction covered our favorite example, bananas Around 2010, a number of contentious issues included China's undervalued currency, Japan's ban on beef imports, Chinese subsidies that appeared to violate WTO rules, and food subsidies in rich countries

These kind of disputes could escalate and have an impact on other facets of global trade, but as of this writing, the WTO conciliation procedures and cooler heads appear to be in control

Part II

Select a country and analyze it politically from a marketing viewpoint (Question 16, Chapter 6)

1 Indonesia: Located seen between Indian and Pacific oceans in Southeast Asia and Oceania, Indonesia is officially known as the Republic of Indonesia Java, Sulawesi, Sumatra, and portions of Borneo and New Guinea are among the more than 17,000 islands that make up this archipelago There are 38 provinces in it, nine of which have special status The second-most populous urban place in the world is Jakarta, the capital of the nation

When it comes to geography, population, and economic size, Indonesia ranks among the largest nations in the world It has one of the quickest economies in the world, is a G20 member, and is rich in natural resources Since gaining its independence in 1949, Indonesia has undergone significant political and economic change, transitioning from an autocratic government with a loosely planned economy to a (though imperfect) democracy with a market-based economy (Rossotti, 2019)

2 Political marketing mix in Indonesia: On how the marketing strategy of the party has influenced the growth of political parties in Indonesia The marketing mix party is comprised of the 4Ps, or Product, Price, Promotion, and Place, just like any marketing strategy used in the business sector (Firmanzah, 2012) It will be simple to implement the marketing mix party in the business world

The fundamental idea behind the application of marketing biology to political parties is that the definition of marketing can assist political practitioners in creating going to win political candidate and party strategies through the application of the marketing mix, which is made up of the 4Ps: Product, Price, Promotion, and Place

Politics now fall within the umbrella of marketing, which is no longer restricted to the corporate world As Indonesia's political landscape continues to grow, it has become possible to apply marketing principles to help political parties plan their campaigns and win elections Due to the equal expectations of each political party in Indonesia in the case of an election victory, political marketing has grown extremely popular in Indonesia

Political marketing mix strategies, which incorporate the marketing mix business categories, are being used as a model for creating marketing plans for political parties (Prihatini, 2019) Political actors can rely on concepts, ideologies, and other attributes to interact with voters and later determine campaign costs The Political Marketing Mix is the best method for organizing and executing political parties' marketing plans 3 Democracy and Transformations: