factors that cause the social media addiction of students in ho chi minh city

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS AND LAW FINAL REPORTSCIENTIFIC RESEARCH TOPIC YEAR 2023 FACTORS THAT CAUSE THE SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION OF STUDENTS IN HO CHI MINH CITY.

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS AND LAW

FINAL REPORTSCIENTIFIC RESEARCH TOPIC

YEAR 2023

FACTORS THAT CAUSE THE SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION OF

STUDENTS IN HO CHI MINH CITY.

Scientific field: Social field

Major: Business Administration – Marketing

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS AND LAW

FINAL REPORTSCIENTIFIC RESEARCH TOPIC

YEAR 2023

FACTORS THAT CAUSE THE SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION OF

STUDENTS IN HO CHI MINH CITY.

Research team representative Instructor Chairman

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Dean of the Faculty/Sub-Faculty/Center

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ABSTRACT 5

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 5

1.1 The reason for choosing the topic 5

1.2 Overview of the research topic 5

1.2.1 Domestic Research about Student 's Social media addiction 5

1.2.2 International Research about Student's Social media addiction 6

1.3 Research objectives 7

1.3.1 General objectives 8

1.3.2 Specific objectives 8

1.4 Research question 8

1.5 Delimitation and scope of the research 8

1.5.1 Delimitation of the research 9

1.5.2 Scope of the research 9

1.6 Research methodology 9

1.7 Meanings of the research 9

1.8 Structure of the study 9

CHAPTER 2: THEORICAL BASES 10

2.1 Definition 10

2.1.1 Definition of social media addiction 10

2.1.2 Definition of Access and Availability 10

2.1.3 Definition of Peer Pressure 10

2.1.4 Definition of Psychological Factors 10

2.1.5 Definition of Online Communities 11

2.1.6 Definition of Academic & Work Pressure 11

2.2 Some theories used in research 11

2.2.1 The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) 11

2.2.2 The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT)

11

2.3 The correlation between factor and research hypothesis 12

2.3.1 The correlation between Access and Availability and Students' Social Media Addiction 12

2.3.2 The correlation between Peer Pressure and Students' Social Media Addiction 12

2.3.3 The correlation between Psychological Factors and Students' Social Media Addiction 12

2.3.4 The correlation between Online Communities and Students' Social Media Addiction 13

2.3.5 The correlation between Academic & Work Pressure and Students' Social Media Addiction 13

2.4 Hypothesis 13

2.5 Suggested and research models 13

2.5.1 Research models 14

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 14

3.1 Research Design 14

3.1.1 Research Method 14

3.1.2 Research Process 15

3.2 Qualitative research 15

3.2.1 Research purpose 15

3.2.2 Qualitative research design 16

3.2.3 Scale Design 16

3.2.3.1 Measuring students’ internet availability and accessibility 17

3.2.3.2 Measuring components of peer pressure affecting internet usage 18

3.2.3.3 Measuring psychological factors 18

3.2.3.4 Measuring how online community affect internet usage 19

3.2.3.5 Measuring components of Academic & Work Pressure 20

ABSTRACT

Social networks are one of the most used communication methods today, impacting various fields as evidenced by numerous research studies This study especially investigates some causes of social media addiction, on behaviors of students in Ho Chi Minh city This study is approached by models such as students’ internet availability and accessibility, peer pressure, psychological factors, online community, academic & work pressure The research methodology involves the design of a questionnaire and the execution of a formal study aimed atassessing the validity of the scale, making adjustments, and introducing observed variables to account for factors influencing social media addiction

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 The reason for choosing the topic

This research is dedicated to a comprehensive exploration of the "Factors Affecting Status “Social media addiction” in context of social networks' rapid development, propagation, and influence The decision to undertake this study was motivated by the realization that the youth (Student) in general are the groups mostimpacted by social networks and it's leaving detrimental effects when using excessively The emergence of social networks with diverse features and

information sources has truly entered the lives of netizens, in some ways, social networks have altered habits and way of life as well as a thought of a group of students

1.2 Overview of the research topic

1.2.1 Domestic Research about Student 's Social media addiction

According to a study by Pham Thi Thuy Linh (2017), social media use is on the rise, and people who are addicted to it may become anxious, irritable, or miserable when they are unable to socialize The more connected users are on

social networks, the more lonely they feel, and messages have no value in providing emotional support, compared to other verbal communication tools.

In a study conducted by Pham Thi Kim Yen, Thach Thi My Phuong, Thach Thị Thi Huy, Nguyễn Văn Lơ (2019) ,195 students from Minh Tri Secondary School The research revealed that 39.0% of students are addicted to social networks In addition, the study also found a relationship between social network addiction and Instagram use, sleep quality, reluctance to communicate, less participation in student group activities, loss of concentration or reduced study time, eye pain/dry eyes/decreased vision, and student learning outcomes

Another investigation by Nguyen Thu Huong (2022) claims that using socialmedia is now regarded as a habit in Vietnam, an essential need for individuals to express their personality, connect with society and keep up with the times Therefore, the matter of concern is that updating and adapting technology at a rate that is too rapid not only causes social network addicts to be influenced and dependent on the virtual world, but students are also affected Each student's habit

of using social networks will affect their daily activities both physically and mentally, leading to an indirect impact on their learning

In general, social media is not bad, but using it excessively can lead to serious harm It has a significant impact on the quality of our work as well as the quality of our daily life We may even become addicted to social media to the pointwhere it's difficult to concentrate on work

1.2.2 International Research about Student's Social media addiction

Even though social media is becoming more and more commonplace in people's lives and offers amazing benefits for instantaneous communication, the impact of it on human well-being is a matter of concern worldwide and calls for updated investigations into the role of social media in mental health

In 2019, researchers Yubo Hou, Dan Xiong, Tonglin Jiang, Lily Song and

Qi Wang conducted a comprehensive examination of the relations of social media addiction to college students' mental health and academic performance,

investigated the role of self-esteem as a mediator for the relations, and further

tested the effectiveness of an intervention in reducing social media addiction and its potential adverse outcomes

This study found that social media addiction was negatively associated with the students' mental health such as stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia Extended usage of social media, especially Facebook, has been linked to

detrimental impacts on psychological health and self-rated life satisfaction Moreover, excessive social media use can harm students' academic performance bycausing distractions, cutting down on study time, and making it harder to concentrate on assignments

The author refers to a program designed to help individuals overcome social media addiction As part of this program participants were asked to reflect on how their use of media impacted their lives They are advised to think about the benefits

of using social media less and think about how to use their time more

constructively In the second phase of the intervention, participants received regulation training During this time, they learned goal-setting techniques, usage monitoring techniques, and trigger avoidance techniques It was discovered that theintervention was successful in lowering social media addiction and enhancing academic performance and mental health

self-Another study by Al-Samarraie, Bello, Alzahrani, and colleagues titled

"Young users' social media addiction: causes, consequences, and preventions" (2022) offers a thorough examination of social media addiction in young people The study utilizes the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews

(PRISMA) protocol to review empirical work on social media addiction among young users The search for literature was done with a variety of databases and keywords pertaining to youth, addiction, and social media sites The review comprised 45 studies in total, selected based on both inclusion and quality criteria.The study looks at the reasons behind social media addiction, the possible adverse effects on the mental and emotional well-being of young individuals and practical preventative treatment measures The writers stress that using social media excessively can result in addiction, which can cause anxiety, depression, andother mental health problems Addiction to social media can also result in poor sleep, decreased physical activity, and academic performance

 Personal characteristics: gender, age, personality, confidence level,

 Family characteristics: parents' marital status, level of parental concern,

 School characteristics: learning environment, educational methods,

 Social characteristics: the development of information technology, culture,

 Assessing the impact of social network addiction on students in Ho Chi Minh city, including:

 Impact on learning: academic results, ability to concentrate,

 Effects on health: psychological, physical,

 Affects social relationships: communication, behavior,

1.4 Research question

 What are the risk factors for students’ social networking?

 What is the impact of social media misuse on the social, psychological, and academic health of students?

 What are the ways in which social media platforms and their features contribute to the addiction of students to media?

 What is the best way to prevent students from abusing social networks?

1.5 Delimitation and scope of the research:

1.5.1 Delimitation of the research:

The study will not include students in areas which do not have access to the internet

The study will not include college students over 20 to keep the scope focused on this age group

1.5.2 Scope of the research:

This research focuses on students who have the ability to easily access the internet

Will consider the impact of social media use, including platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and Youtube

Research will focus on specific aspects of causes of the social media addictions

1.6 Research methodology:

Data collection: According to this study, the primary data and secondary data is used The primary data for this research study will be collected through a survey At the same time, source of secondary data, which is, gathered from published research articles and some previously conducted studies

1.7 Meanings of the research:

Theoretical meanings: The study enhances existing addiction theories, offering insights into how social media can become a behavioral addiction It may contribute to the broader field of addiction studies by examining the unique aspects

of social media addiction

Practical meanings: The research aims to contribute to the improvement of student well-being By identifying the theoretical underpinnings and practical implications of social media addiction, it provides a foundation for implementing strategies that foster a healthier digital lifestyle among students

1.8 Structure of the study

This research has 3 chapters:

- Chapter 1: Introduction This chapter will provide the reason for choosing the topic, overview of the research situation, state the research objectives, research,research methodology, delimitation and scope of the research, meaning of the research and structure of the study

- Chapter 2: Literature review This chapter will discuss the definitions, some theories used in the research, hypotheses and research model

- Chapter 3: Research methodology In this chapter, there is the research process and research method and the survey

CHAPTER 2: THEORICAL BASES

2.1 Definition

2.1.1 Definition of social media addiction

Social media addiction refers to a state or behavior in which an individual's use of social media significantly impacts their daily life This often occurs when social media usage becomes an indispensable part, negatively affecting mental health, social relationships, or work and academic performance

2.1.2 Definition of Access and Availability

Refers to the ease of access and ready availability to social media platforms

It encompasses the presence of internet, devices, and online services for convenientaccess and utilization of social media

2.1.3 Definition of Peer Pressure

Describes the influence or pressure from peer groups, colleagues, or social communities that may encourage or create an environment conducive to more serious social media usage

2.1.4 Definition of Psychological Factors

Includes emotional aspects, psychological needs, or other psychological factors that may influence an individual's level of social media usage

2.1.5 Definition of Online Communities

Refers to groups or communities that individuals engage with online, often formed based on specific interests, topics, or purposes, and may significantly impact their social media usage

2.1.6 Definition of Academic & Work Pressure

Signifies stress or pressure from academic commitments or professional responsibilities, which may lead individuals to use social media as a means of stress relief or escapism, potentially affecting their social media usage

disproportionately

2.2 Some theories used in research

2.2.1 The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)

The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) started as the Theory of Reasoned

Action in 1980 to predict an individual's intention to engage in a behavior at a specific time and place The theory was intended to explain all behaviors over which people have the ability to exert self-control The key component to this model is behavioral intent; behavioral intentions are influenced by the attitude about the likelihood that the behavior will have the expected outcome and the subjective evaluation of the risks and benefits of that outcome

2.2.2 The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) is a

popular theoretical framework in the field of information systems and technology adoption research It was developed by Venkatesh et al in 2003 and extended in

subsequent studies UTAUT seeks to understand and predict how individuals accept and use new technologies It combines elements from various technology acceptance models and theories, such as the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), and the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT).

2.3 The correlation between factor and research hypothesis

2.3.1 The correlation between Access and Availability and Students' Social Media Addiction

According to Pınar Bekar, Duygu Arıkan, Cantürk Çapık (2022), it can be said that as adolescents’ internet usage time increases, their use of social media for interpersonal interaction increases, and as the rate of use of social media for interpersonal interaction increases, the risk of being exposed to negative effects of the internet such as internet addiction increases

2.3.2 The correlation between Peer Pressure and Students' Social Media Addiction

The results from the study by Xiaopan Xu, Wanqu Han, Qingqi Liu (2023) showed that peer pressure significantly predicted adolescent mobile social media addiction Self-esteem moderated the effect of peer pressure on mobile social media addiction in that peer pressure had a weaker effect for adolescents with higher self-esteem Self-concept clarity moderated the effect of peer pressure on mobile social media addiction in that peer pressure had a weaker effect for adolescents with higher self-esteem The two moderators also interact in that the moderation of self-esteem was stronger for adolescents with higher self-concept clarity and the moderation of self-concept clarity for adolescents with higher self-esteem

Because of that, we chose peer pressure as one of our five factors that contribute tothe students’ social media addiction

2.3.3 The correlation between Psychological Factors and Students' Social Media Addiction