Luận văn thạc sĩ Kỹ thuật cơ khí: Nghiên cứu công suất cắt và chế độ cắt tối ưu khi phay gỗ

This thesis is conducted to study the basic theory of wood milling process and methods to solve optimization problems.. From there, set up and solve the optimal problem to give the best

Tәng quan tài liӋu

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B̫ng 1.1 Các thông s͙ ch͇ ÿ͡ gia công hͫp lí theo ch̭WO˱ͫng gia công trên máy CNC Sherline Model 2010 [6]

Lý do chӑQÿӅ tài và mөc tiêu nghiên cӭu

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.KLSKD\JӛYӟLELrQGҥQJQJKLrQJOѭӥLGDRFҳW\ YjJyFWUѭӟFGѭѫQJWKuÿҫX WLrQYӏWUtPNJLGDRFҳWFyÿѭӡQJNtQKOӟQQKҩWFҳWSKRLWUѭӟFVDXÿyOҫQOѭӧWFiFYӏWUt PNJLGDRFyÿѭӡQJNtQKQKӓKѫQ&KLӅXUӝQJSKRLOӟQQKҩWNKLYӏWUtPNJLGDRFyÿѭӡQJ NtQKQKӓQKҩWWҥRSKRL.KLÿyTXDWUuQKWҥRSK{LFKLD UDJLDLÿRҥQQKѭKuQK ĈӇ[iFÿӏQKFKLӅXGj\SKRLYjGLӋQWtFKPһWFҳWQJDQJFӫDSKRLNKLSKD\JӛYӟL ELrQGҥQJQJKLrQJOѭӥLGDRFҳW\ WDVӱGөQJKuQK.KLÿy$,OjFKLӅXGj\SKRL WKHRSKѭѫQJKѭӟQJNtQKDr YjFKLӅXGj\SKRLWUXQJEuQKÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKWKHRF{QJ WKӭF>@ r z sin a AI S M (2.9)

&KLӅXGj\SKRLDÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKWURQJPһWSKҷQJ$)/YX{QJJyFPNJLGDR$% YjÿyFKtQKOjÿRҥQ$/ÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKWKHRF{QJWKӭF>@ cos cos sin r z a a H S H M (2.10)

Hình 2.6 6˯ÿ͛[iFÿ͓QKFKL͉XGj\SKRLYjGL QWtFKP̿WF̷WQJDQJSKRLNKLSKD\J͟

.KLSKD\JӛEҵQJGDRSKD\YӟLJyFQJKLrQJȥFKX\ӇQÿӝQJFӫDOѭӥLFҳWGDR SKD\WҥRUDPһWK\SHUEROSKѭѫQJWUuQKFKRFiFPһWQj\Oj>1]:

, , 2 2 2 2 2 2 ( cos 2 2 tan ) 2 1 0 sin sin sin y z R x

3KѭѫQJ WUuQK WKDP Vӕ FӫD SKiS WX\ӃQ ÿӕL YӟL PӝW WҩP K\SHUERO WҥL ÿLӇP

17 6X\UDSKѭѫQJWUuQKWKDPVӕSKiSWX\ӃQFӫDWҩPK\SHUEROWҥLÿLӇP$Oj

3KiSWX\ӃQFӫDWҩPK\SHUEROQҵPWURQJPһWSKҷQJWӑDÿӝ]2\*yFİJLӳDÿRҥQ WKҷQJ$,YjSKiSWX\ӃQFӫDWҩPK\SHUEROÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKWKHRF{QJWKӭF>@ tan H cos tan J \ (2.15)

&KLӅXGj\FӫDSK{LNKLSKD\JӛEҵQJGDRSKD\FyJyFELrQGҥQJOѭӥLȥÿѭӧF [iFÿӏQKWKHRF{QJWKӭF>@ sin cos a S z M H (2.16)

.KLSKD\JӛEҵQJ GDRFҳWFyELrQGҥQJFRQJFKLӅXGjLSKRLWҥLYӏWUtLÿѭӧF[iF ÿӏQKWKHRF{QJWKӭF>@ sin cos z i a S M H (2.17)

7URQJÿytanH i cosJ i tan\ i İi OjJyFQJKLrQJFӫDELrQGҥQJGDRFҳWÿѭӧF [iFÿӏQKWҥLYӏWUtWUrQÿҫXOѭӥLFҳWȖi là JyFWUѭӟFFӫDGDRFҳWWҥLYӏWUtL

+uQKFKRWKҩ\ҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDÿӝGj\SKRLÿӃQJyFQJKLrQJFӫDELrQGҥQJ GDRFҳWİi YjJyFWUѭӟFȖi

&KLӅXGjLFҳW/ ĈѭӡQJ ÿL FӫD GDR SKD\ WURQJ TXi WUuQK FҳW WUrQ KuQK Oj ÿѭӡQJ F\FORLG SKѭѫQJWUuQKFӫDÿѭӡQJcycloid này là [10, 12]: sin

7URQJÿyȦOjJyFJLӳDFiFGDRSKD\Ȧ ʌ]WӯKuQKVX\UDF{QJWKӭF VLQij0 = Sz5YuJyFȦ0 QKӓQrQWDQKұQÿѭӧFJLiWUӏJҫQÿ~QJij0 = Sz/2R

&KLӅXGjLFXQJFҳWÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKWKHRF{QJWKӭFsau [10, 12]:

Z r Z ijYjij0 TXiQKӓQrQWDѭӟFOѭӧQJJҫQÿ~QJFKRFKLӅX

7URQJWKӵFWӃFKLӅXGjLFҳWÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKWKHRF{QJWKӭFJҫQ ÿ~QJQKѭVDX l hD (2.21)

&KLӅXFDRVyQJQKҩSQK{EӅPһWJLDF{QJÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKWKHRF{QJWKӭFVDX> 12]:

'RJyFij0 QKӓQrQWDOҩ\JҫQÿ~QJij0 VLQij07KD\WKӃYjRKӋSKѭѫQJWUuQK trên ta xác ÿӏQKFKLӅXFDRVyQJQKҩSQK{EӅPһW+max [10, 12]: max 1 cos

7ӕLѭXKyDOjPӝWWURQJFiFOƭQKYӵFFӫDWRiQKӑFFyVӭFҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQKҫX KӃWFiFOƭQKYӵFNKiFQKѭNKRDKӑF± F{QJQJKӋNLQKWӃ± [mKӝL 1KӡÿyPjYLӋF WuPJLҧLSKiS WӕLѭXFKRPӝWYҩQÿӅ ÿһWUD FKLӃPPӝWYDLWUzKӃWVӭFTXDQWUӑQJ SKѭѫQJiQWӕLѭXOjSKѭѫQJiQKӧSOêQKҩWWӕWQKҩWWLӃWNLӋPFKLSKtWjLQJX\rQ QJXӗQOӵFPjOҥLFKRKLӋXTXҧFDR>@

&iFEjLWRiQWӕLѭXFiFEjLWRiQTX\KRҥFKWRiQKӑFÿѭӧFFKLDUDWKjQKFiFOӟSQKѭVDX>@

%jLWRiQWӕLѭXSKLWX\ӃQEjLWRiQTX\KRҥFKSKLWX\ӃQEDRJӗPFҧEjL WRiQTX\KRҥFKOӗLEjLWRiQTX\KRҥFKWRjQSKѭѫQJô

%jLWRiQWӕLѭXUӡLUҥFEjLWRiQWӕLѭXQJX\rQYjKӛQKӧSQJX\rQ

7KHR>@WDFNJQJFyFiFFiFKSKkQORҥLEjLWRiQWӕLѭXQKѭVDX

7KHRWKDPVӕ;j: x Xj = {xj: -[j `ĺ%jLWRiQWӕLѭXOLrQWөF x Xj ljQKӳQJWұSUӡLUҥFĺ%jLWRiQWӕLѭXUӡLUҥF x Xj OjWұSVӕQJX\rQĺ%jLWRiQTX\KRҥFKQJX\rQ 7KHRKjPPөFWLrXI[YjKjPUjQJEXӝFJ[ x &iFKjPI[J[OjFiFKjPWX\ӃQWtQKĺ%jLWRiQWӕLѭXWX\ӃQ tính x &iFKjPI[J[NK{QJOjFiFKjPWX\ӃQWtQKSKLWX\ӃQĺ%jL WRiQWӕLѭXSKLWX\ӃQ x 1ӃXFiFWKDPVӕ[iFÿӏQKI[J[OjFiFKҵQJVӕĺ%jLWRiQWӕLѭX WҩWÿӏQK1JѭӧFOҥLFiFWKDPVӕOjFiFÿҥLOѭӧQJQJүXQKLrQĺ%jL WRiQWӕLѭXQJүXQKLrQ x 1ӃXFiFWKDPVӕ;j ÿӝFOұSYӟLWKӡLJLDQĺ%jLWRiQWӕLѭXWƭQK 1JѭӧFOҥL;j SKөWKXӝFYjRWKӡLJLDQĺ%jLWRiQWӕLѭXÿӝQJ

'RGҥQJTX\KRҥFKFӫDVӕOLӋXÿҫXYjRFKѭѫQJOjGҥQJSKLWX\ӃQQrQEjLWRiQWӕLѭXPjWD[pWVӁWKXӝFGҥQJEjLWRiQWӕLѭXSKLWX\ӃQFөWKӇOjGҥQJWӕLѭXSKLWX\ӃQFyUjQJEXӝF&iFUjQJEXӝFӣÿk\OjWKHRQKXFҫXWKӵFWӃErQQJRjLYjWtQK

20 ORJLFPjWDVӁWKLӃWOұSVDRFKRKӧSOt

%jLWRiQWӕLѭXSKLWX\ӃQFyGҥQJFKtQKWҳFVDX

Công suҩt cҳt

/ӵF YjF{QJVXҩWFҳWOjQKӳQJWK{QJVӕTXDQWUӑQJÿѭӧFWtQKWRiQNKLWKLӃWNӃ FNJQJQKѭWURQJTXiWUuQKVӱGөQJFiFPi\7URQJWKLӃWNӃFK~QJWDJLҧLTX\ӃWEjLWRiQ WKXұQ[iFÿӏQKOӵFFҳWYjF{QJVXҩWFҳWWKHRFiFWKDPVӕYjFKӃÿӝJLDF{QJFiFFKL WLӃW7ӯF{QJVXҩWFҳWYjKLӋXVXҩWWUX\ӅQÿӝQJFӫDFѫFҩXWLӃQKjQK[iFÿӏQKF{QJ VXҩWFҫQWKLӃWFӫDÿӝQJOӵFYjOӵDFKӑQÿӝQJFѫSKKӧS7URQJTXiWUuQKVӱGөQJ FiFPi\WKuEjLWRiQQJѭӧFFҫQÿѭӧFJLҧLTX\ӃWWӯF{QJVXҩWÿӝQJFѫGүQÿӝQJFѫ FҩXFҳWFѫFҩXÿҭ\WKӵFWӃWLӃQKjQK[iFÿӏQKOӵFFҳWOӵFÿҭ\YjOӵDFKӑQFKӃÿӝJLD F{QJWӕLѭXFiFFKLWLӃWWKӓDPmQFiF\rXFҫXFKҩWOѭӧQJJLDF{QJ7URQJVӱGөQJFiF Pi\YLӋFWtQKWRiQOӵFYjF{QJVXҩWFҳWOӵFYjF{QJVXҩWÿҭ\FNJQJUҩWFҫQWKLӃWÿӇ WҥROұSFiFFKӃÿӝJLDF{QJFҳWJӑWFKRF{QJQJKӋYjFiFPi\YӟLNӃWFҩXWѭѫQJWӵ [9]

/ӵF Yj F{QJ VXҩW FҳW Fy WKӇ WtQK WRiQ WKHR FiF F{QJ WKӭF Ot WKX\ӃW Yj WKӵF QJKLӋP7UuQKÿӝSKiWWULӇQFDRFӫDOtWKX\ӃWFҳWJӑWJӛVӁFKRSKpSQKұQÿѭӧFQKӳQJ JLҧWKX\ӃW[iFWKӵFYӅQKӳQJ KLӋQWѭӧQJWURQJYQJFҳWNKLJLDF{QJFiFFKLWLӃW7X\ QKLrQOtWKX\ӃWFҳWKLӋQÿҥLYүQFKѭDWKӇWUDQJEӏFKRFK~QJWDQKӳQJF{QJWKӭFWtQK WRiQOêWKX\ӃWÿӇ[iFÿӏQKOӵFWiFÿӝQJOrQF{QJFөFҳWNKLFyWiFÿӝQJWѭѫQJKӛYӟL JӛOjYұWOLӋXGӏKѭӟQJ>@

&iFWtQKFKҩWFӫDJӛWKD\ÿәLOӟQWURQJJLӟLKҥQFiFORjLWURQJPӝWORjLYjWKұPFKtWURQJJLӟLKҥQPӝWORҥWSK{LJLDF{QJ6ӵNKiFQKDXJLӳDNKӕLOѭӧQJULrQJWKӵFWӃFӫDJӛYӟLFiFJLiWUӏWtQKWRiQFyWKӇGүQWӟLFiFNӃWTXҧWtQKWRiQOӵFFҳWFyVDLVӕ ÿӃQYjOӟQKѫQҦQKKѭӣQJFӫDPҳWJӛ[RҳQWKӟKѭӟQJWLӃSWX\ӃQYj[X\rQWkPFNJQJOjPFKRÿӝFKtQK[iFWtQKWRiQVDLOӋFKNK{QJQKӓ'RYұ\QKӳQJWtQKWRiQOêWKX\ӃWYjWKӵFQJKLӋPWUrQFѫVӣOҩ\JLiWUӏWUXQJEuQKFiFWtQKFKҩWFѫ± lý FӫDJӛVҿ FKӍOjQKӳQJNӃWTXҧӣJLӟLKҥQJҫQÿ~QJVDLOӋFKӣJLӟLKҥQ>@ 'ROtWKX\ӃWFҳWFKѭDÿѭDUDÿѭӧFQKӳQJF{QJWKӭFOtWKX\ӃWWtQKWRiQFKtQK[iF

25 QrQWKӵFWӃQJѭӡLWDYүQVӱGөQJFiFF{QJWKӭFWKӵFQJKLӋP

Hình 3.1 6˯ÿ͛O͹FNKLSKD\G͕FJ͟D± O͹FNKLSKD\E± V͹EL͇Qÿ͝LFͯDO͹FVDX

/ӵFSKD\ÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKWKHRF{QJWKӭF>@

&KLӅXGj\SKRLWKHRTXiWUuQKFҳWWKD\ÿәLWӯWӟLJLiWUӏOӟQQKҩWWѭѫQJӭQJOj VӵELӃQÿәLFӫDFiFWKjQKSKҫQOӵFTXD\WURQJJLӟLKҥQFXQJFҳW>@

PmaxOӵFFҳWOӟQQKҩWWUrQFXQJFҳW1

PkOӵFFҳWWLӃSWX\ӃQWUXQJEuQK1 lpFKLӅXGjLFXQJFҳWOp 5ijk), m

26 ijkJyFWLӃS[~FOѭӥLFҳWYӟLJӛWUrQFXQJFҳWUDG lkFKLӅXGjLYzQJFҳWJLӳDFiFKDLOѭӥLFҳWNӅQKDXP

7iFÿӝQJWѭѫQJKӛJLӳDFiFOӵFQrXWUrQӣÿӗWKӏFyWKӇÿѭDYӅGҥQJFkQEҵQJ công [9]: max

(3.3) ӣÿk\=± VӕOѭӥLFҳWWUrQөGDR

/ӵFFҳWWUXQJEuQKWKjQKSKҫQWLӃSWX\ӃQÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQK>@

7URQJÿyE± FKLӅXUӝQJSKD\PPP± FKӍVӕPNJWURQJYұQWӕFFҳW&± KӋVӕ SKөWKXӝFYjRÿLӅXNLӋQSKD\ ĈӝWFҥQKFҳWFӫDGDR>@

7URQJÿy$ ȝPNKLSKD\JӛOiNLP$ ȝPNKLSKD\JӛFӭQJ

/ӵFSKiSWX\ӃQNKLSKD\GӑFSKөWKXӝFYjRQKLӅX\ӃXWӕQyFyWKӇOjOӵFNpR KRһFOӵFpSQpQWURQJWtQKWRiQQJѭӡLWDVӱGөQJ>@

7UӏVӕQKӓKѫQFӫDPWѭѫQJӭQJFKRGDRVҳFYjQJѭӧFOҥLWKӵFWӃWKӵFQJKLӋP

27 FKRWKҩ\NKLOӵDFKӑQWUӏVӕPQJRjLFăQFӭYjRÿӝVҳFFӫDGDRFzQWtQKWӟLFҧFKLӅX dày phoi

/ӵFSKiSWX\ӃQÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQK>@

.KLOѭӥLFҳWVҳFP n mP k 0.55 0.45y P k , N

.KLOѭӥLFҳWNK{QJVҳFP n mP k 1.3 0.1y P k , N

&{QJVXҩWFҳWFKRWUѭӡQJKӧSSKD\GӑF>@

7ӯF{QJ VXҩWFҳW1C ÿѭӧFWtQKWKHRF{QJWKӭFWUrQYjFKXӛLÿӝQJKӑFFѫFҩXFҳW WLӃQKjQK[iFÿӏQKF{QJVXҩWFҫQWKLӃWFKRGүQÿӝQJ>@

7UӏVӕPSKөWKXӝFYjRÿӝVҳFFӫDOѭӥLFҳWORҥLJӛFKLӅXGj\WUXQJEuQKFӫD SKRLYjKjQJORҥWFiFÿLӅXNLӋQNKiFFӫDTXiWUuQKSKD\

B̫ng 3.1 Các giá tr͓ cͯa h s͙ m [9] ĈӝVҳFFӫDGDR

&{QJVXҩWFҳWFyWKӇÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQK>@

29 Ĉӝ nhám bӅ mһt ĈӇFyWKӇÿҥWÿѭӧFFKҩWOѭӧQJFDRWURQJWUѭӡQJ KӧSEӅPһWOjJӛVDXNKLJLD F{QJOX{QOjPӝWWKӱWKiFKNKyNKăQEӣLGRVӵҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDFiFNKX\ӃWWұWFӫDJӛ Jk\QrQVӵÿDGҥQJYӅFҩXWU~FFNJQJQKѭOjFiFÿһFWtQKFӫDFKtQKQyPұWÿӝÿӝ FӭQJÿӝEӅQP{ÿXQÿjQKӗLô7X\QKLrQQJj\QD\FiFÿһF WtQKYjFҩXWU~Fÿy OҥLtWÿѭӧFTXDQWkPKRһFÿiQKJLiFDRWURQJGDQKViFKFiFQKkQWӕҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQ ÿӝQKiPEӅPһWPһFGQyFyWҫPTXDQWUӑQJWURQJYLӋFJLҧLWKtFKQKӳQJÿLӅXEҩW WKѭӡQJ[ҧ\UDWUrQEӅPһWJӛVDXNKLJLDF{QJ%ӣLOӁYLӋFQJKLrQFӭXOƭQKYӵFFҩX WU~FYjNKX\ӃWWұWFӫDWKkQFk\JӛSKҧLWӕQUҩWQKLӅXWKӡLJLDQYjF{QJVӭFÿӇTXDQ ViWYjWKHRG}L*LӕQJQKѭPӝWWjLOLӋXQJKLrQFӭXFӫD6DQGDNYj1HJULQăPFy YLӃWOj³&ҩXWU~F[ӕSFӫDJӛNK{QJEDRJLӡWҥRUDÿѭӧFPһWSKҷQJOtWѭӣQJ´>@ Ngày QD\QJѭӡLWDFKӍFySKkQELӋWFiFORҥLJӛWK{QJTXDPұWÿӝFӫDQyFKӭNK{QJÿLVkX YjRFҩXWU~FÿһFWtQKQKѭSKkQWtFKӣWUrQÿӇFyWKӇÿѫQJLҧQKyDEjLWRiQFҫQJLҧL TX\ӃW

&iFEӅPһWÿѭӧFJLDF{QJEҩWNӇFK~QJÿѭӧFOjPEҵQJNLPORҥLQKӵDKD\Oj JӛWKuFK~QJNK{QJEDRJLӡQKҹQKRjQWRjQGREӣLFiFSKҫQQK{UDFiFPLӅQOӗL KRһFO}PWUrQEӅPһWFӫDFK~QJ1KӳQJGҥQJNK{QJÿӅXEӅPһWQKѭWKӃQj\ÿѭӧF JӑLOjÿӝQKiPĈӝQKiPEӅPһWFyWKӇGRFiF\ӃXWӕNKiFQKDXJk\UDQKѭVӵNK{QJ OLrQWөFFӫDYұWOLӋXFiFGҥQJÿӭWJm\JLzQNKiFQKDXFiFOӛKәQJWURQJNӃWFҩXYt GөQKѭFiFPҥFKWURQJJӛEiQNtQKPNJLGDRFӫDGөQJFөFҳWFiFELӃQGҥQJFөFEӝ GRFѫFKӃFҳWWӵGR>@ ĈӝQKiPEӅPһWWӕLWKLӇXFyWKӇÿҥWÿѭӧFSKөWKXӝFYjRPӝWVӕ\ӃXWӕWURQJÿó FyNӇFҧÿӃQNKӕLOѭӧQJWKӇWtFKSK{LQӃX\ӃXWӕQj\OӟQWKuGүQÿӃQEӅPһWGӉQKҹQ KѫQ9LӋF[iFÿӏQKFiFTX\WҳFFKXQJWURQJFiF\ӃXWӕҧQKKѭӣQJÿӝQKiPPҩWNKi QKLӅXWKӡLJLDQQKѭQJYӟLNƭWKXұWÿROѭӡQJKLӋQÿҥLNK{QJQJӯQJUDÿӡLKLӋQQD\ÿm KӛWUӧFKRYLӋF[iFÿӏQKFiFTX\WҳFWKLӃW\ӃXQJRjLUDVӕFҩXWU~FJLҧLSKүXPӟLUD ÿӡLÿmJL~SFKRYLӋF[iFÿӏQKFiFTX\WҳFFKXQJPӝWFiFKWKXұQOӧLKѫQ ĈӇÿiQKJLiFKҩWOѭӧQJEӅPһWPjFөWKӇӣÿk\OjÿӝQKiPEӅPһWWKuQJѭӡLWDGQJFiF\ӃXWӕKuQKKӑFFӫDQKiPOjPFKӍWLrXÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKWURQJSKҥPYLFKLӅX

30 GjLFKXҭQYjWtQKWRiQVRYӟLÿѭӡQJWUXQJEuQKFӫDSURILOHEӅPһW9LӋFÿiQKJLiÿӝ QKiPWKѭӡQJÿѭӧFVӱGөQJWKHRFKӍWLrXVDX6DLOӋFKWUXQJEuQKVӕKӑFFӫDSURILOH

Ra Yj&KLӅXFDRPҩSP{SURILOHWKHRÿLӇP5zӢQJKLrQFӭXQj\WKuWDWLӃQKjQK ÿiQKJLiWKHRFKӍWLrX5z

Hình 3.3 0{KuQKOtW˱ͧQJÿRÿ͡QKiPE͉P̿WWKHRFK͑WLrX5 z

*LiWUӏ5z ÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKEҵQJFKLӅXFDRFӫDÿӍQKFDRQKҩWYjFKLӅXVkXFӫD ÿi\VkXQKҩWFӫDSURILOHWURQJSKҥPYLFKLӅXGjLOFKXҭQQKѭKuQKWKHRF{QJ WKӭFVDX

7URQJÿy h1, h3, h5, h7, h9 OjFKLӅXFDRFӫDÿӍQKFDRQKҩWFӫDSURILOHVRYӟLPһWFKXҭQ WKXӝFSKҥPYLFKLӅXGjLOFKXҭQ h2, h4, h6, h8, h10 OjFKLӅXVkXFӫDÿi\VkXQKҩWFӫDSURILOHVRYӟLPһWFKXҭQ WKXӝFSKҥPYLFKLӅXGjLOFKXҭQ

9LӋFFKӑQFKӍWLrX5z ÿӇWLӃQKjQKÿiQKJLiOjGREӅPһWJӛNKLSKD\TXiWK{YLӋFÿRVӁFKtQK[iFKѫQFKӍWLrX5a

&ҩXWU~FErQWURQJFӫDJӛFyҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQÿӝQKiP

0ӝWWURQJQKӳQJÿһFWUѭQJWLrXELӇXFӫDJӛOjFҩXWҥRErQWURQJFyFiFNKRDQJ GҥQJPҥFKYjWӃEjROXPHQErQWURQJQKѭKuQKWKӇKLӋQFҩXWU~FErQWURQJFӫDFiF ORjLJӛPӅPYjJӛFӭQJ

Hình 3.4 ̪QKKL͋QYLFͯDORjLWK{QJDYjORjLJ͟FͱQJE>@

&ҩXWU~FFӫDFiFORjLJӛFӭQJSKӭFWҥSKѫQFK~QJEDRJӗPPӝWVӕORҥLWӃEjR NKiFQKDX0ҥFKEjRJӗPFiFӕQJGӑFOjPQKLӋPYөYұQFKX\ӇQÿѭӡQJNtQKFyWKӇ OrQÿӃQȝPGRÿyFK~QJFyWKӇÿѭӧFQKuQWKҩ\EҵQJPҳWWURQJNKLÿyFiFTXҧQ EjRFyÿѭӡQJNtQKQKӓKѫQNKRҧQJ± ȝPQKѭQJNK{QJ[X\rQVXӕWQKѭPҥFK bào [7]

&iFNKRDQJFӫDFҧPҥFKYjVӧLWӃEjRӣFiFYzQJJӛVӟPYjPXӝQFNJQJFyNtFKWKѭӟFNKiFQKDXWKrPYjRÿyQyFzQSKөWKXӝFYjRKRjQFҧQKWKӡLWLӃWVӵ ELӃQÿәLQj\OjÿLӇQKuQKFKRFҩXWU~FErQWURQJFӫDFiFYzQJKjQJQăPWLӃSWKHR

32 7URQJTXiWUuQKJLDF{QJFiFNKRDQJJӛQj\ÿѭӧFFҳWWKHRFiFJyFÿӝNKiF QKDXGRÿyQJD\FҧWURQJWUѭӡQJKӧSTXiWUuQKFҳWNK{QJJk\KѭKҥLJuFKRFKLWLӃW WKuFiFOӛUӛQJYүQFzQWUrQEӅPһW&KtQKÿLӅXQj\Jk\UDPӝWÿӝQKiPQKҩWÿӏQK WUrQEӅPһWPjTXiWUuQKJLDF{QJNK{QJҧQKKѭӣQJ9uWKӃÿӝQKiPSKiWWULӇQWKHR FiFKQj\ÿѭӧFJӑLOjÿӝQKiPGRFҩXWU~FJk\UD

;pWYӅPһWÿӝQKiPFҩXWU~FErQWURQJFӫDJӛÿѭӧFÿһFWUѭQJEӣLÿѭӡQJNtQK WUXQJEuQKFӫDFiFOӛYjVӕOѭӧQJOӛWURQJPӝWÿѫQYӏPһWFҳWQJDQJFөWKӇ.tFK WKѭӟFYjVӕOѭӧQJOӛSKҧLÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKFҧӣJӛVӟPYjJӛPXӝQGRÿyWӍOӋVӟPYj PXӝQFNJQJSKҧLÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQK ĈLӅXNKyNKăQFKtQKNKLSKD\JӛOjGRWKӵFWӃJӛNK{QJSKҧLOjPӝWYұWOLӋXUҳQ WKӵFVӵPjFzQFyFiFNKX\ӃWWұWErQWURQJPҥFKEjRTXҧQEjRYjFiFWӃEjROXPHQ KѫQQӳDJӛOjPӝWYұWOLӋXJLzQFy[XKѭӟQJGӉJm\'RÿyFѫFKӃFҳWOX{QJҳQOLӅQ YӟLÿӭWJm\FӫDYұWOLӋXWҥRUDFiFEӅPһWNK{QJ EҵQJSKҷQJFiFNKX\ӃWWұWErQWURQJ JӛWURQJTXiWUuQKJLDF{QJFNJQJWҥRUDFiFEӅPһWNK{QJÿӗQJÿӅXFiFORҥLJӛFy PҥFKOӟQJӛGҥQJYzQJFyWKӇJk\UDFiFEӅPһWEҩWWKѭӡQJOӟQPjNK{QJOLrQTXDQ ÿӃQTXiWUuQKJLDF{QJ>@ ĈѭӡQJNtQKFӫDFiFPҥFKEjRTXҧQEjRYjFiFWӃEjROXPHQEӏFҳWWURQJTXi WUuQKJLDF{QJYӅFѫEҧQFyWKӇ[iFÿӏQKÿѭӧFÿӝVkXFӫDEӅPһWEҩWWKѭӡQJEӣLGR QyÿѭӧFSKkQSKӕLPӝWFiFKQKҩWÿӏQK\ӃXWӕTXDQWUӑQJOjVӕOѭӧQJFӫDFiFPҥFK Qj\OLrQTXDQWӟLÿѫQYӏFKLӅXGjLWKHRKѭӟQJFҳWYLӋFVӱGөQJÿѭӡQJNtQKWUXQJEuQK VӁNK{QJJk\VDLVӕOӟQKѫQ>@

'RÿyYӏWUtFөFEӝFӫDFiFPҥFKEjRÿӕLYӟLPһWSKҷQJFҳWOjQJүXQKLrQOj PӝWELӃQ[iFVXҩWÿLӅXQj\FyQJKƭDOjҧQKKѭӣQJNӃWTXҧFӫDFiFPҥFKEjRQj\OrQ ÿӝQKiPEӅPһWVӁÿѭӧFFKROjJLiWUӏWUXQJEuQKYӟLÿӝOӋFKFKXҭQ

*LҧÿӏQKUҵQJWURQJPһWSKҷQJJLDF{QJFyFiFPҥFKEjRYjTXҧQEjREӏFҳWYjFiFUmQKQj\FyҧQKKѭӣQJYjJySSKҫQYjRNӃWTXҧOjÿӝQKiPWKuPһWFҳWQJDQJFӫDFiFQKҩSQK{OLrQTXDQÿӃQÿѫQYӏÿӝGjLFyWKӇÿѭӧFWtQKQKѭVDX

7URQJÿy n1, n2OjVӕOѭӧQJPҥFKEjRYjTXҧQEjRWURQJHDUO\ZRRGWURQJPһWFҳW QJDQJÿѫQYӏ n3, n4OjVӕOѭӧQJPҥFKEjRYjTXҧQ EjRWURQJODWHZRRGWURQJPһWFҳW QJDQJÿѫQYӏ d1 ± d4OjÿѭӡQJNtQKWUXQJEuQKFӫDPҥFKEjRYjTXҧQEjRWѭѫQJӭQJ trong early wood và late wood

DEOjSKҫQFKLDFӫDHDUO\ZRRGYjODWHZRRGWUDFӭXEҧQJQJRjL

34 1ӃXEӅPһWFyÿӝQKҩSQK{GRҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDFKӃÿӝJLDF{QJWKҩSWKuÿӝQKiP EӅPһWFKӫ\ӃXVӁÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKEӣLÿһFWtQKFҩXWU~FJLҧLSKүXYjQyFNJQJOjÿӝ QKiPEӅPһWWӕLѭXFyWKӇÿҥWÿѭӧF

1JXӗQJӕFFӫDÿӝQKám hình thành trong sau khi gia công ĈӝQKiPSKiWWULӇQWURQJTXiWUuQKJLDF{QJFyKDLWKjQKSKҫQFKtQKÿӝQKiP GRJLDF{QJJk\UDYjÿӝQKiPGRFҩXWU~FJӛErQWURQJJk\UDQJD\FҧWURQJWUѭӡQJ KӧSPһFGOjJLDF{QJWK{QKѭQJÿӝQKiPSKiWWULӇQQKLӅXlà do các khoang bên WURQJEӏFҳW9uWKӃWKӵFWӃÿDQJJLDF{QJӣWӕFÿӝFDRÿӝQKiPGRJLDF{QJKD\UD QKӓKѫQQKLӅXVRYӟLÿӝQKiPGRFҩXWU~FErQWURQJÿһFELӋWOjWKӇKLӋQU}UjQJӣ FiFORjLJӛFӭQJFyPҥFKOӟQ ĈӝQKiPGRJLDF{QJWKѭӡQJSKөWKXӝFYjRFiF\ӃXWӕWӕFÿӝFҳWFKLӅXGj\ SKRLKѭӟQJJLDF{QJWѭѫQJÿӕLYӟLWKӟJӛJyFVҳFFӫDGDRÿӝVҳFFҥQKGDREiQ NtQKPNJLGDRYjELrQÿӝGDRÿӝQJFӫDFKLWLӃWJLDF{QJ>@

&ҳWJӛWKXӝFQKyPFҳWWӵGRWtQKQăQJÿһFWUѭQJFKtQKFӫDQyOjNK{QJFySKҧQ OӵFWӯFҥQKPj[XҩWSKiWWӯÿӝEӅQFӫDJӛYjOӵFTXiQWtQK&iFWK{QJVӕYӅÿӝEӅQ YjÿӝFӭQJP{ÿXQ(FjQJFDRWKuJӛFyOӵFTXiQWtQKSKҧLFjQJQKӓQJKƭDOjÿӝ QKiPWăQJFKұPNKLWӕFÿӝFҳWJLҧP>@

1JX\rQQKkQFKtQKGүQÿӃQKLӋQWѭӧQJQKiPGRJLDF{QJJk\UDOjVӵÿӭWJm\ JLzQFӫDYұWOLӋXYjÿӝEӅQNpRWKҩSFӫDQyYX{QJJyFYӟLWKӟ6ӵ[XҩWKLӋQFӫDJm\ JLzQOjNK{QJWKӇORҥLEӓÿѭӧFQKѭQJFyWKӇJLӟLKҥQQyӣPӭFÿӝWKҩSKѫQSKѭѫQJ SKiSKLӋXTXҧQKҩWFKRYLӋFQj\OjFҳWӣWӕFÿӝFDRYjWLӃS[~FYұWOLӋXQKӓQKҩWFy WKӇĈӗQJWKӡLFiFKGX\QKҩWÿӇORҥLEӓҧQKKѭӣQJWLrXFӵFFӫDÿӝEӅQNpRYX{QJ JyFYӟLWKӟOjWҥRUDWҧLWUӑQJQpQӣYQJOkQFұQFӫDPpSFҥQKÿLӅXQj\FyWKӇWKӵF KLӋQGӉGjQJYӟLJyFGDR± 70 0 KRһFJyFVҳF± 25 0 ÿһFELӋWOjJLDF{QJWҩPUҩW GӉEӏJm\PpSYuWҧLWUӑQJNpRYuWKӃYLӋFOӵDFKӑQFiFÿLӅXNLӋQÿӝQJKӑFWKtFKKӧS OjUҩWTXDQWUӑQJ>@

7ҧLWUӑQJQpQTXi PӭF OjPELӃQGҥQJYұWOLӋX FNJQJFyWKӇJk\ UDÿӝ QKiP3KѭѫQJSKiS³JLDF{QJPѭӧW´ÿmÿѭӧFELӃWWӯOkXÿӝGj\SKRLQKӓKѫQVӁWҥRUDOӵF

35 QKӓKѫQWҧLWUӑQJQpQFNJQJFyWKӇÿѭӧFJLҧPEҵQJFiFKVӱGөQJ³FҳWWUѭӧW´&ҳWWUѭӧW WҥRUDWҧLWUӑQJFҳWWUrQFҥQKÿLӅXQj\FNJQJJySSKҫQOjPKӓQJYұWOLӋXӭQJVXҩW WѭѫQJÿѭѫQJÿѭӧFWtQKWKHRGҥQJVDX>@

Hình 3.6 4XiWUuQKQpQWiFGͭQJOrQPpSF̩QKNKLJLDF{QJJ͟>@

6ӵSKkQEӕWҧLWUӑQJQpQErQWURQJYұWOLӋXSKөWKXӝFYjREiQNtQKPNJLGDRÿӝ FQFӫDPpSGDR'RÿӝGj\FӫDPpSPӝWOӟSYұWOLӋXFyÿӝGj\]0 VӁEӏQpQErQ GѭӟLPpSĈӝGj\FӫDOӟSQj\EҵQJNKRҧQJEiQNtQKFҥQKGDRWҧLWUӑQJFӫD FҥQKÿѭӧFWUX\ӅQOrQYұWOLӋXWUrQEӅPһWFyFKLӅXUӝQJEYjFKLӅXGjLEҵQJYӟLFKLӅX GjLFӫDFҥQKÿLӅXQj\WѭѫQJWӵYӟLWҧLFKXNu7ҧLWUӑQJOӟQQKҩW[XҩWKLӋQQJD\GѭӟL EӅPһWWLӃS[~FYjQyJLҧPQKDQKNKLGLFKX\ӇQYӅSKtDErQWURQJFӫDYұWOLӋXÿLӅX Qj\FyQJKƭDOjÿӝQpQFDRQKҩWFӫDFiFSKҫQWӱOX{QEҳWÿҫXQJD\ErQGѭӟLFҥQK 1ӃXWҧLWUӑQJQpQErQGѭӟLPpSÿҥWÿӃQӭQJVXҩWFKӏXOӵFFXӕLFӫDYұWOLӋXKӋWKӕQJ WӃEjRJӛVӁEӏELӃQGҥQJYƭQKYLӉQYjQyEӏQpQJk\KҥLFKRFiFNKRDQJ>@

Dӳ liӋXÿҫu vào

7UrQFѫVӣNӃWTXҧWKӵFQJKLӋPFӫDJLiWUӏN.Yj5zWDWKLӃWOұSEjLWRiQWӕL ѭX&{QJVXҩWÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKWKHRWӍVXҩWOӵFFҳW.&{QJWKӭF± SKөWKXӝFQKkQ WӕOѭӧQJWLӃQGDRUăQJ6z PPFKLӅXVkXFҳWKPPÿӝWPNJLGDRȡȝP+ӋVӕ PLӅQWҥRSKRLN± SKөWKXӝFQKkQWӕ6z PPȡȝPYjÿѭӡQJNtQKGDRSKD\' PPĈӝQKiPEӅPһW5z ± SKөWKXӝFQKkQWӕ6z PPȡȝPJyFWUѭӟFGDRȖ 0 ), JyFOӋFKWKӟJӛȥC ( 0 JyFQJKLrQJOѭӥLGDRȥ 0 7UѭӡQJKӧSFKRSKD\EjRPһW thì ȥC ȥ 7KtQJKLӋPÿѭӧFWKӵFKLӋQWUrQPi\SKD\EjRPһW+QKѭKuQK

YjÿӕLWѭӧQJOjJӛ&KXNUDVLDÿһFWtQKFѫKӑFÿѭӧFWKӇKLӋQWURQJEҧQJ

Hình 4.1 6˯ÿ͛Pi\SKD\EjR- JL˱ͥQJPi\ 2- FRQOăQF̭SOL X 3- bàn; 4- con OăQF̭SOL XP͓Q 5- mi͇QJiSVX̭WSKtDVDX 6- Q̷SPi\F̷W 7- FRQOăQPi\F̷W 8- SK̯QW͵ŃSWU˱ͣF 9- YtWÿL͉XFK͑QK 10- FRQOăQF̭SOL XFyUmQK 11- YX͙WUqP

9ұWOLӋXJӛ 0ұWÿӝ kg/m 3 ӬQJVXҩWNpR ıT, MPa ӬQJVXҩWQpQ ıC, MPa ӬQJVXҩWXӕQ ıF, MPa Chukrasia tabularis var attopenesis 600 ± 810 2.8 44.7 118

44 7URQJVѫÿӗQJX\rQOtSKD\JӛÿѭӧFWKӇKLӋQӣKuQKYӟLFiFJLiWUӏWDJLҧÿӏQK KRһFELӃWWUѭӟFQKѭE PPOjFKLӅXUӝQJSKD\ÿѭӡQJNtQKdao phay D = 2R PPFKLӅXVkXFҳWK PPOѭӧQJFKҥ\GDRUăQJ6z = 0,39 0,96 1,53mm, VӕUăQJWUrQGDR] WKuWӕFÿӝWUөFFKtQKQWӕFÿӝFҳWYYjF{QJVXҩWFҳW3ÿѭӧF WtQKOҫQOѭӧWWKHRF{QJWKӭFYjWKӇKLӋQPӕLOLrQKӋQKѭWURQJ EҧQJ

B̫ng 4.2 B̫QJWtQKWRiQW˱˯QJͱng giͷa t͙Fÿ͡ trͭc chính n, t͙Fÿ͡ c̷t v và công sṷt c̷t P

7KHREҧQJWDWLӃQKjQKOӵDFKӑQQ USPļY PVļ3 N: YұWOLӋXGDRFҳWOjWKpS&U1L:7ÿӝFӭQJVDXNKLӫ+%= 241 Mpa

&iFJLiWUӏÿҫXYjRN.Yj5z ÿѭӧFTX\KRҥFKWKӵFQJKLӋPӣGҥQJEұFNLӇX ÿѭӧF Vӱ GөQJ Oj TX\ KRҥFK KӛQ KӧS ÿӕL [ӭQJ GҥQJ % )DFH- Centered Central Composite Design ± FCCCD)

*LiWUӏ.ÿѭӧFWKӵFQJKLӋPӣFiFPӭFJLiWUӏPP6z PPȝP ȡȝPPPKPP [10, 30]

6DXNKLSKkQWtFKEҵQJ0LQLWDEWDÿѭӧFSKѭѫQJWUuQKKӗLTX\FӫD.QKѭVDX [10, 12]:

7ӯF{QJWKӭFWDFyWKӇTX\KRҥFKF{QJVXҩW3WKHR.WDÿѭӧF

Giá WUӏNÿѭӧFWKӵFQJKLӋPӣFiFPӭFJLiWUӏPP6z PPȝP ȡȝPPP'PPEҧQJQKkQWӕYjEҧQJNӃWTXҧWKӵFQJKLӋP

B̫ng 4.3 B̫ng quy ho̩ch các nhân t͙ th͹c nghi m h s͙ mi͉n t̩o phoi k [10,30]

Khoҧng giӳa các ÿRҥn

Thҩp nhҩt Giӳa Cao nhҩt

-1 0 +1 Ĉѭӡng kính dao D, mm x1 130 165 200 35

B̫ng 4.4 B̫ng k͇t qu̫ th͹c nghi m h s͙ mi͉n t̩o phoi k [30]

6DXNKLSKkQWtFKEҵQJ0LQLWDEWDÿѭӧFSKѭѫQJWUuQKKӗLTX\FӫDNQKѭVDX

U U U ĈӕLYӟLJLiWUӏÿӝQKiPEӅPһW5z WKuÿѭӧFTX\KRҥFKWKHREҧQJQKkQWӕVDX± EҧQJYjNӃWTXҧWKӵFQJKLӋPQKѭWURQJEҧQJ

B̫ng 4.5 B̫ng quy ho̩ch các nhân t͙ cͯDÿ͡ nhám b͉ m̿t R z

Khoҧng giӳa các ÿRҥn

Thҩp nhҩt Giӳa Cao nhҩt

B̫ng 4.6 B̫ng k͇t qu̫ th͹c nghi Pÿ͡ nhám b͉ m̿t R z

6ӱGөQJSKkQPӅP0LQLWDE[ӱOêNӃWTXҧWKӵFQJKLӋPYjSKkQWtFKSKѭѫQJVDL SKѭѫQJWUuQKKӗLTX\FXӕLFQJWDWKXÿѭӧFSKѭѫQJWUuQKKӗLTX\5z QKѭVDX max

Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-9DOXHȇ-Value

Sz*Sz 1 2492 2492 46.39 0.000 ȡȡ ȖȖ ȥFȥF 7620 7620 141.86 0.000 ȥȥ

6]ȥ ȡȖ ȡȥF7 0.000 ȡȥ ȖȥF Ȗȥ ȥFȥ

Lack-of-Fit 22 6032 274 7.21 0.000 ȇXUH(UURU

S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred)

Term Coef SE Coef T-Value P-Value VIF

Sz*Sz 11.25 1.65 6.81 0.000 3.14 ȡȡ ȖȖ-0.32 1.65 -0.19 0.849 3.14 ȥFȥF ȥȥ

6]ȥ ȡȖ ȡȥF ȡȥ-4.327 0.458 -9.45 0.000 1.00 ȖȥF-3.697 0.458 -8.07 0.000 1.00 Ȗȥ ȥFȥ-1.338 0.458 -2.92 0.004 1.00

50 7UѭӡQJKӧSȥC ȥ FKRWUѭӡQJKӧSSKD\SKҷQJGӑFWKӟWDFyF{QJWKӭF[iF ÿӏQKÿӝQKiPEӅPһWQKѭVDX

7UѭӡQJKӧSȥC ȥ YjȖ 0 WDFyELӇXÿӗFiFÿѭӡQJÿӗQJPӭFQKѭVDX

Hình 4.2 %L͋Xÿ͛UDQKJLͣLFiFPL͉Qÿ͡QKiPE͉P̿WWURQJWU˱ͥQJKͫSȥ C ȥ

7UѭӡQJKӧSWUrQKuQKYӟLÿӝQKiPJLDF{QJFyJLiWUӏ5z ȝPӭQJYӟL ÿӝQKiPNKLSKD\QӱDWLQKFy5z ôȝPWDFyPLӅQJLiWUӏWKӓDPmQQKѭVDX

Hình 4.3 %L͋Xÿ͛UDQKJLͣLPL͉Qÿ͡QKiPWK͗DPmQ5 z ȝPWURQJWU˱ͥQJKͫSȥ C ȥ YjȖ 0

Lұp bài toán tӕLѭX

7ӯNӃWTXҧFѫVӣGӳOLӋXEDQÿҫXWDWLӃQKjQK[k\GӵQJEjLWRiQWӕLѭXYӟLKjP PөFWLrXOjF{QJVXҩWFҳWQKӓQKҩW3ĺPLQKRһFOjQăQJVXҩWJLDF{QJ3URGXFWLYLW\ ĺPD[QKѭQJÿӗQJWKӡLSKҧLWKӓDPmQPӝWVӕKjPUjQJEXӝFWӕLѭXKyDÿyOj

&{QJVXҩWFҳWSKҧLQKӓKѫQF{QJVXҩWÿӝQJFѫ33ÿF

&ҳWWUrQPLӅQWҥRSKRL6z 2 - Nȡ'10 -3 0 ĈӝWPNJLGDRQҵPWURQJPLӅQJLӟLKҥQȝPȡȝP

5jQJEXӝFFҳWWUrQPLӅQWҥRSKRL6z 2 - Nȡ'10 -3 VӁOjPFKRÿӝWPNJLGDR

NK{QJÿѭӧFVӱGөQJWӕLÿDWӟLÿLӇPȡ ȝPNKLWӕLѭXÿӝQKiP7URQJNKLÿy ÿLӅXNLӋQQj\FKӍÿӇÿҧPEҧRUҵQJWURQJTXiWUuQKFҳWVӁNK{QJFyKLӋQWѭӧQJWUѭӧW FKӭNK{QJSKҧLOjNK{QJWKӇJLDF{QJÿѭӧF9uWKӃӣÿk\FKӍPDQJWtQKFKҩWJLӟL WKLӋXFiFEjLWRiQWӕLѭXSKtDVDXQj\VӁNK{QJ[pWWӟLÿLӅXNLӋQFҳWWUrQPLӅQWҥR SKRLQӳD

6DXNKLÿmFyJLiWUӏTX\KRҥFKWKӵFQJKLӋPFӫD5zYLӋFWKLӃWOұSEjLWRiQFKҩW OѭӧQJEӅPһWYjQăQJVXҩWJLDF{QJWKHRÿLӅXNLӋQ.XKQ± Tucker nKѭVDX

Bài toán 1: &{QJVXҩWFҳWQKӓQKҩWYjUjQJEXӝFÿӝQKiP5z ȝP

/ѭӧQJWLӃQGDRUăQJ6z (mm) ĈӝWPNJLGDRȡȝP

+jPPөFWLrX&{QJVXҩWFҳW3ĺPLQ

&iFKjPUjQJEXӝF ĈӝQKiPWKӓDPmQ5z ȝP ĈӝWPNJLGDRQҵPWURQJYQJȝPȡȝP

Bài toán 2: 1ăQJVXҩWJLDF{QJFDRQKҩWYӟLUjQJEXӝF5z ȝPYjF{QJVXҩW3

Pmax ӢEjLWRiQQăQJVXҩWJLDF{QJWKuYLӋFWăQJQăQJVXҩWWѭѫQJӭQJYӟLYLӋFWăQJOѭӧQJ WKӇWtFKEyFWiFKYұWOLӋXPjQyFyOLrQTXDQPұWWKLӃW ÿӃQWӕFÿӝÿѭDSK{LYjRPi\ WKӇWtFKEyFWiFKYұWOLӋX4 EKXFKRQrQ

/ѭӧQJWLӃQGDRUăQJ6z (mm) ĈӝWPNJLGDRȡȝP

+jPPөFWLrX9ұQWӕFFXӕQSK{LPD[X 6znz/1000

&{QJVXҩW33max = PÿF ĺ3ÿF ± 3 ĈӝQKiP WKӓDPmQ5z ȝP ĈӝWPNJLGDRQҵPWURQJYQJȝPȡȝP

Bài toán 3: *LiWKjQKJLDF{QJWKҩSQKҩWYӟLUjQJEXӝF5z ȝPF{QJVXҩW3WLrX KDRQKӓYjQăQJVXҩWJLDF{QJOӟQ

*LiWKjQKJLDF{QJ.ÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKQKѭVDX>@

KMLKӋVӕNKҩXKDRPi\YjFKLSKtFKRF{QJQKkQÿӭQJPi\ IJ0WKӡLJLDQFѫEҧQ

KdFKLSKtOLrQTXDQÿӃQOҫQWKD\GDR IJc7VӕOҫQWKD\GDR

7WXәLEӅQFӫDGөQJFөFҳW

53 +jPPөFWLrX7KӡLJLDQFѫEҧQFҳWNKLSKD\IJ0 ĺPLQ

7URQJÿy>@ IJ07KӡLJLDQFѫEҧQFҳWNKLSKD\SK~W

&KLӅXGjLJLDF{QJ/ÿѭӧFWtQKWKHRF{QJWKӭFFӫDÿӝWPNJLGDRȡ>@

Trong ÿy ȡ0ÿӝPzQPNJLGDREDQÿҫXȝP ǻȡÿӝPzQPNJLGDRWKHRWKӡLJLDQJLDF{QJȝPǻȡ / 0,43 ÿӕLYӟL WKpSKӧSNLPYjǻȡ / 0,41 ÿӕLYӟLKӧSNLPFӭQJ>@7URQJF{QJ WKӭFQj\FKLӅXGjL/ÿѭӧFWtQKWKHRÿѫQYӏNP

*LҧVӱWDVӱGөQJGөQJFөFҳWOjWKpSKӧSNLPNKLÿyWKӡLJLDQFѫEҧQFҳWNKLSKD\ IJ0 ÿѭӧFYLӃWOҥLOj

/ѭӧQJWLӃQGDRUăQJ6z (mm) ĈӝWPNJLGDRȡȝP

54 7ӕFÿӝFXӕQSK{LXOӟQ ĈӝQKiPWKӓDPmQ5z ȝP ĈӝWPNJLGDRQҵPWURQJYQJȝPȡȝP

Quy trình giҧi bài toán tӕLѭXYjNӃt quҧ

Bài toán 1

9ӟLFiFJLiWUӏÿmELӃWOj' PPK PPQ USP] E PP 7URQJWUѭӡQJKӧSYӟLJyFWUѭӟFȖ 0 WKHRÿLӅXNLӋQ.XKQ± TXFNHUӣF{QJWKӭF WDJLҧLEjLWRiQWKHRF{QJWKӭF

6DXNKLJLҧLYjORҥLEӓFiFQJKLӋPҧRWDÿѭӧFEҧQJQJKLӋPVDXEҧQJYjÿѭӧF WKӇKLӋQQKѭWUrQKuQK%ҧQJ QJKLӋPÿҫ\ÿӫÿѭӧFWKӇKLӋQWURQJEҧQJSKөOөF

B̫ng 4.7 B̫ng nghi m sau khi gi̫i bài toán 1 b̹ng Kuhn ± Tucker

1JKLӋPWKӭ Sz (mm) ȡȝP u1 u2 u3

Hình 4.4 3KkQE͙FiFÿL͋PQJKL PFͯDEjLWRiQ

;pWWKHRPLӅQ6z ÿDQJTXLKRҥFK6z PPPPWKuWUrQKuQKFKӍ FyQJKLӋP6z = 0,5942, Sz = 0,6965 và Sz OjWKӓDPmQ7X\QKLrQÿӇFy WKӇWұQGөQJWӕLÿDÿӝWPNJLGDRȡWӭFOjWKӓDPmQJLiWUӏȡÿDQJ[pWWӯȝPÿӃQ ȝPӣFKӃÿӝFҳWEҩWNuWKuFKӍFyYӏWUt6z = PPĺ6z PPWӯÿyWD FyWKӇ[iFÿӏQKÿѭӧFPLӅQF{QJVXҩWWӕLѭXQKѭKuQK

Hình 4.5 0L͉QF{QJVX̭WW͙L˱XEjLWRiQ

56 1Kѭ Yұ\ PLӅQ F{QJ VXҩW WӕL ѭX FӫD EjL WRiQ Oj JLi WUӏ 3 Wӯ N: ÿӃQN:WѭѫQJӭQJYӟL6z WӯPPÿӃQPPQKҵPÿӇWKӓDPmQFiFUjQJEXӝFFӫDEjLWRiQYjÿӗQJWKӡLÿҧPEҧRȡÿѭӧFVӱGөQJOLrQWөFWӯȝPÿӃQȝP

Bài toán 2

9ӟLFiFJLiWUӏÿmELӃWOj' PPK PPQ USP3ÿF N:OӵDFKӑQ ӣEҧQJ] E PP7URQJWUѭӡQJKӧSYӟLJyFWUѭӟFȖ 0 WKHRÿLӅX NLӋQ.XKQ± 7XFNHUӣF{QJWKӭFWDJLҧLEjLWRiQWKHRF{QJWKӭF

6DXNKLJLҧLYjORҥLEӓFiFQJKLӋPҧRWDÿѭӧFEҧQJQJKLӋPVDXEҧQJYjÿѭӧF WKӇKLӋQQKѭWUrQKuQK%ҧQJQJKLӋPÿҫ\ÿӫÿѭӧFWKӇKLӋQWURQJEҧQJSKөOөF

B̫ng 4.8 B̫ng nghi m sau khi gi̫i bài toán 2 b̹ng Kuhn ± Tucker

1JKLӋPWKӭ Sz (mm) ȡȝP) u1 u2 u3 u4

Hình 4.6 3KkQE͙FiFÿL͋PQJKL PFͯDEjLWRiQ

7UrQPLӅQSKkQEӕFiFÿLӇPQJKLӋPQKѭKuQKFKӍFyÿLӇPQJKLӋPOjQҵP WURQJ YQJ TXL KRҥFK 6z (Sz Wӯ PP ÿӃQ PP EDR JӗP 6z = 0,5914mm,

0,5942mm, 0,6965mm, PPYjPPÿLӇPQj\ORҥLGR5z ȝP.KL

[pW ÿӃQ ÿLӅX NLӋQ UjQJ EXӝF F{QJ VXҩW FҳW QKӓ KѫQ KRһF EҵQJ F{QJ VXҩW ÿӝQJ Fѫ ÿѭӡQJYӁWURQJKuQKWKuPLӅQJҥFKFKpROjKRjQWRjQWKӓDPmQEjLWRiQ

/~FQj\PөFWLrXFӫDEjLWRiQOjQăQJVXҩWFDRQKҩWVӁÿҥWÿѭӧFNKLYӏWUt6z ÿҥW JLiWUӏPPWѭѫQJÿѭѫQJYӟLYұQWӕFFXӕQSK{LX 6znz/1000 = 36,72 m/phút

1ӃXJLҧVӱWDNӃWKӧSJLiWUӏPLӅQF{QJVXҩWFҳWQKӓQKҩWQKѭӣEjLtoán 1 vào EjLWRiQWKuUjQJEXӝFK1 VӁFyVӵWKD\ÿәL

.KL3 N:KuQKPLӅQWӕLѭXEӏWKXKҽSOҥLÿӇÿҧPEҧRJLi WUӏȡÿҥWOLrQWөFWӯȝPÿӃQȝPWKuFKӍFyWҥLYӏWUt6z = 0,6965mm, FiFJLiWUӏ6z NKiFWKuȡSKҧLQKӓKѫQȝP

Khi P = N:KuQKPLӅQWӕLѭXEҵQJYӟLPLӅQNӃWTXҧFӫDEjL WRiQQKѭQJJLiWUӏ3VӁJLҧPWLrXKDRWLӃWNLӋPFKLSKtPLӅQWӕLѭXWӯ JLiWUӏ6z PPÿӃQPPVӁÿҧPEҧRȡÿҥWOLrQWөFWӯȝP ÿӃQȝP

.KLNӃWKӧSEjLWRiQYjREjLWRiQ3 N:ÿӃQ3 N:ļ6z PPÿӃQPPWKuPөFWLrXQăQJVXҩWFDRQKҩWVӁFyJLiWUӏYұQWӕFFXӕQSK{LX PSK~WÿӃQPSK~W

Hình 4.8 0L͉QW͙L˱XEjLWRiQYͣLWKrPUjQJEX͡F3 ÿF = 9,581kW

Hình 4.9 0L͉QW͙L˱XEjLWRiQYͣLWKrPUjQJEX͡F3 ÿF = 12,58kW

Bài toán 3

9ӟLFiFJLiWUӏÿmELӃWOjQ USP] E PPȡ0 ȝPȥC ȥ Ȗ

12 0 *LiWUӏFӫDYұQWӕFFXӕQSK{LQҵPWURQJNKRҧQJPSK~WÿӃn 36,72m/phút WKHRF{QJWKӭFX Q]6z WѭѫQJӭQJYӟL6z WKD\ÿәLWӯPPÿӃQPP ĈӗWKӏFӫDKjPWKӡLJLDQJLDF{QJIJ0 WKHRF{QJWKӭFOjKjPÿѭӡQJFRQJÿҥWJLi WUӏIJ0 WҥLYӏWUtȡ ȝP

Công VXҩWFҳW3QKӓQKҩW

1ăQJVXҩWJLDF{QJOӟQWӕFÿӝFXӕQSK{LXOӟQ ĈӝQKiPWKӓDPmQ5z ȝP ĈӝWPNJLGDRQҵPWURQJYQJȝPȡȝP

/ѭӧQJWLӃQGDRWURQJNKRҧQJNKҧRViWPP6z PP

.KLWD[pWÿLӅXNLӋQUjQJEXӝFOѭӧQJWLӃQGDR6z QҵPWURQJNKRҧQJNKҧRViW

PP6z PPWӭFOjWҥLYӏWUtȡ ȝPÿLӇPFXӕLÿѭӡQJFRQJWKӡLJLDQ

JLDF{QJIJ0 SKҧLÿLTXDPLӅQPP6z PPĈLӅXQj\FyQJKƭDOjPLӅQWKӡL JLDQJLDF{QJ IJ0 VӁEӏJLӟLKҥQ WҥL ÿLӇPQ~W6z PPȡ ȝPYj 6z PPȡ ȝPWѭѫQJӭQJYӟLSK~WIJ0 SK~WNKLWDNӃWKӧSWKrP YӟLÿLӅXNLӋQ5z ȝPWKuPLӅQQj\VӁJLӟLKҥQFzQSK~WIJ0 SK~WWҥL YӏWUtWӕLѭXÿmWuPÿѭӧFӣEjLWRiQ6z PPȡ ȝPYj6z = 1,2659mm, ȡ ȝPKuQK7ҥLÿѭӡQJȡ ȝPÿӇÿҧPEҧR5z ȝPWKuPLӅQNKҧR sát Sz VӁFzQOjPPPP

Hình 4.10 &iFÿ˱ͥQJJLͣLK̩QFͯDIJ 0 trong bài toán 3

7ӯKuQKWUrQFyWKӇWKҩ\UҵQJÿѭӡQJWKӡLJLDQJLDF{QJIJ0 WUrQFKLӅXGjL WҥLYӏWUtȡ ȝPOjPӝWÿѭӡQJFRQJFy[XKѭӟQJJLҧPJLiWUӏIJ0 khi Sz FjQJWăQJ ÿѭӡQJFRQJFjQJQJKLrQJYӅSKtDErQSKҧLQKLӅXKѫQQӃX6z WăQJ&NJQJFyQJKƭD OjÿӇÿҧPEҧRUҵQJ5z ȝPWKuIJ0 QKӓQKҩWFKtQKOjÿѭӡQJIJ SK~WĈѭӡQJ FRQJQj\ÿѭӧFFKLDWKjQKÿRҥQPӝWÿRҥQ5z ȝPYjPӝWÿRҥQ5z ȝP

Hình 4.11 Ĉ˱ͥQJJLDF{QJOêW˱ͧQJFKREjLWRiQF{QJVX̭WQK͗QK̭WKR̿FQăQJ

62 KLÿѭӡQJFRQJIJ SK~WӣÿRҥQ5z ȝPWKuJLiWUӏOѭӧQJWLӃQGDRVӁ WKD\ÿәLWӯPP6z PPYjÿӝWPNJLGDRWKD\ÿәLWӯȝPȡȝP (hình 4.11)

;pWÿLӅXNLӋQF{QJVXҩWFҳW3QKӓQKҩWF{QJVXҩWFҳWFjQJQKӓÿӗQJQJKƭD

YӟLYLӋFJLiWUӏ6z FjQJQKӓFKӭQJPLQKӣKuQKNKLNӃWKӧSYӟLÿLӅXNLӋQUjQJ EXӝFWKӡLJLDQJLDF{QJIJ0 QKӓQKҩWIJ SK~WYjÿӝQKiP5z ȝPWKuÿѭӡQJ JLҧLOêWѭӣQJWURQJEjLWRiQQj\OjÿѭӡQJ/LQHQKѭWUrQKuQKĈѭӡQJQj\EDR JӗPÿRҥQ ĈRҥQ7ӯȝPȡȝPWKuÿѭӡQJJLDF{QJOêWѭӣQJVӁFKҥ\WKHR ÿѭӡQJIJ SK~W ĈRҥQ7ӯȝPȡȝPWKuÿѭӡQJJLDF{QJOêWѭӣQJVӁFKҥ\WKHR ÿѭӡQJWKҷQJӣQJX\rQJLiWUӏ6z PP.KLÿyWKӡLJLDQJLDF{QJ IJ0 VӁWKD\ÿәLOLrQWөFWӯSK~WIJ0 SK~W

;pWÿLӅXNLӋQQăQJVXҩWJLDF{QJOӟQQKҩWQăQJVXҩWJLDF{QJFjQJOӟQÿӗQJ

QJKƭDYӟLYLӋFJLiWUӏ6z FjQJOӟQGRYұQWӕFFXӕQSK{LXWӍOӋWKXұQYӟLOѭӧQJWLӃQ dao SzNKLNӃWKӧSYӟLÿLӅXNLӋQUjQJEXӝFWKӡLJLDQJLDF{QJIJ0 QKӓQKҩWIJ SK~WYjÿӝQKiP5z ȝPWKu ÿѭӡQJJLҧLOêWѭӣQJWURQJEjLWRiQQj\OjÿѭӡQJ/LQH QKѭWUrQKuQK ĈѭӡQJ/LQH7ӯȝPȡȝPWKuÿѭӡQJJLDF{QJOêWѭӣQJVӁ

FKҥ\WKHRÿѭӡQJFRQJViWYӟLJLiWUӏPLӅQ5z ȝPYjWӯȝPȡ ȝPWKuÿѭӡQJJLDF{QJOêWѭӣQJVӁJLDF{QJYӟL JLӳQJX\rQJLiWUӏ OѭӧQJWLӃQGDR6z PP7UѭӡQJKӧSQj\WKuQăQJVXҩWVӁÿҥWWӕLѭX QKҩWWX\QKLrQVӁFyÿRҥQJLiWUӏ6z EXӝFSKҧLWKD\ÿәLOLrQWөFÿӇÿҧP EҧRUҵQJ5z ȝP

0LӅQJҥFKFKpRQҵPErQWURQJFҧÿѭӡQJ/LQHYj/LQHVӁKRjQWRjQWKӓD PmQPөFWLrXWKӡLJLDQJLDF{QJWҥLYӏWUtȡ ȝPVӁWLӃQWӟLJLiWUӏIJ SK~W ÿӝQKiPWKӓDPmQ5z ȝPÿӝWPNJLGDRQҵPWURQJYQJȝPȡȝPYjOѭӧQJWLӃQGDRWURQJNKRҧQJNKҧRViWPP6z PP7X\QKLrQW\WKHR

\rXFҫXYӅF{QJVXҩWFҳWQKӓQKҩWKRһFQăQJVXҩWJLDF{QJOӟQQKҩWPjFKӑQPLӅQFKRSKKӧS

Ӭng dөng kӃt quҧ

9ӟLNӃWTXҧFӫDEjLWRiQYjWDWKXÿѭӧFPLӅQJLiWUӏWӕLѭXWKӓDPmQF{QJ VXҩWFҳWQKӓQKҩWKRһFQăQJVXҩWJLDF{QJOjFDRQKҩWÿӗQJWKӡLYүQEҧRÿҧPFác ràng EXӝFÿmÿһWUD7X\QKLrQӣEjLWRiQQj\FKӍPDQJWtQKFKҩWOjÿѫQPөFWLrXFKѭD SKKӧSKRjQWRjQYӟLFKӍWLrXWKӵFWӃErQQJRjLӢEjLWRiQWDÿmPӣUӝQJEjLWRiQ UDWKjQKÿDPөFWLrXEDRJӗPFiFÿѫQPөFWLrXNӃWKӧSYӟLQKDXFөWKӇOjJiá thành JLDF{QJWKҩSNӃWKӧSYӟLF{QJVXҩWFҳWQKӓQKҩWKRһFJLiWKjQKWKҩSNӃWKӧSYӟLQăQJ VXҩWJLDF{QJFDRQKҩWWURQJPLӅQTX\KRҥFKPLӅQWӕLѭXOjPLӅQQҵPWURQJFiF ÿѭӡQJOLQHYjOLQHQKѭWUrQKuQK7DVӁӭQJGөQJNӃWTXҧFӫDEjLWRiQnày ÿӇWҥRWKjQKEӝWK{QJVӕWӕLѭXPjPi\&1&FyWKӇFKҥ\

%ӝWK{QJVӕWӕLѭXYӟLFKӍWLrXJLiWKjQKJLDF{QJWKҩSNӃWKӧSYӟLF{QJ VXҩWFҳWQKӓQKҩW ĈѭӡQJELrQFӫDFKӍWLrXQj\FKtQKOjÿѭӡQJOLQHWUrQKuQK9ӟLWK{QJVӕ ÿҫXYjREDRJӗPQ USP] WRRWKȡ0 ȝPÿѭӡQJOLQHÿyÿѭӧFWtQK WRiQYӟLJLiWUӏFӫDWӯQJÿLӇPȡWKD\ÿәLWӯȝPÿӃQȝPQKѭWUrQEҧQJ7UrQ EҧQJEDRJӗPFiFJLiWUӏWtQKWRiQWѭѫQJӭQJFӫDÿӝWPNJLGDRȡOѭӧQJWLӃQGDR UăQJ6zFӝWPӕFFKLӅXGjLJLDF{QJ/ÿҥWÿѭӧFPӛLNKLȡWKD\ÿәLYjWKӡLJLDQFKX\ӇQ WLӃSFӫDFiFPӭFȡ

B̫ng 4.9 B͡ thông s͙ t͙L˱XJLiWKjQKJLDF{QJN͇t hͫp công sṷt c̷t ĈӝWPNJL

/ѭӧQJWLӃQGDR UăQJ6z (mm)

&KLӅXGjL/ÿҥWNKL WKD\ÿәLȡP

7ӯEҧQJWDFyNӃWTXҧWXәLWKӑGDRWURQJFKXNuOjNKRҧQJJLӡ WѭѫQJӭQJYӟLÿӝWPNJLGDRȡWKD\ÿәLWӯȝPÿӃQȝPFKLӅXGjLJLDF{QJJLӟL KҥQFKROҫQWKD\GDROjNKRҧQJP

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Hình 4.12 Ĉ͛WK͓TXDQK JLͷDO˱ͫQJWL͇QGDRUăQJ6 z YjP͙FWKͥLJLDQFKX\͋QWL͇S

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