UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY NGUYEN THI HONG HANH RESEARCH FOR BUILDING THE PRODUCTION PROCESS OF SOLUBLE TEA FROM ANOECTOCHILUS SETACEUS BLUME BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode : Ful
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Anoectochilus setaceus Blume is also known as Orchid
(Orchidaceae), Orchidaceae (Orchidales) Orchid crawls on the ground 10 - 20cm high, the young part is sparsely hairy Leaves oval or ovate, rounded at base, blade 3-4cm long, 2-3cm wide, upper surface dark brown with yellow streaks in the middle and pale pink on veins, light brown underside, petiole 1-2cm long, wide at the base to form a sheath hugging the body
The inflorescence is 5-7cm long, with 5-10 large pink flowers (about 2.5cm long) The lip is 15mm long, bearing 6-8 whiskers on each side, the tip of the lip is split into 2 oblong lobes Gourds 13mm long, sparsely hairy
Flowering season in October-December Regeneration mainly by shoots of rhizomes Externally, the stems and leaves are purple, with 3 to 5 vertical stripes on each leaf Orchid Kim Tuyen lives on limestone slopes, along streams, under large trees in humid forests at an altitude of 500-1600m
Around the world, Anoectochilus setaceus Blume is distributed in
China (Yunnan, Guangdong), India, and Indonesia In Vietnam, they are distributed narrowly in a number of localities such as Hai Phong, Lao Cai, Tam Dao, Quang Tri, Kon Tum, Gia Lai, Son La, Yen Bai, Anoectochilus setaceus Blume grows scatteredly but in numbers In each place, there are not many and they are over-exploited (in the form of cutting down the
Research Objectives
whole tree) to export across the border to China (under the name Kim Tuyen) Anoectochilus setaceus Blume is known to have very high economic value (1.5-2.5 million VND/kg) Especially in some provinces near the border, they have been hunted, searched, exploited, sold to private traders to buy and export abroad This puts Anoectochilus setaceus Blume species in the wild at risk of depletion and extinction if urgent measures are not taken for effective, sustainable exploitation and effective conservation
Anoectochilus setaceus Blume is a rare genetic resource classified in group IA: Forest plants and animals prohibited from exploitation and use for commercial purposes of Decree 32/2006/ND-CP on the management of forest plants endangered and rare forest animals In the Vietnam Red Book - Forest Plants section 2007, this orchid is classified as endangered: EN A1a,c,d
Researching the production process of soluble tea from
Anoectochilus setaceus Blume has the effect of supporting the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, being convenient, safe in use and contributing to the diversification of tea products on the market
‒ Analysis of the initial chemical composition of materials
‒ Study on extraction process of total Flavonoids from Anoectochilus setaceus Blume
‒ Research on creating soluble tea products from total Flavonoid extracts from Anoectochilus setaceus Blume
Research Value
The research topic was to provide optimal parameters for the extraction of total Flanovoid from Anoectochilus setaceus Blume, initially to evaluate the heavy metal toxins present in the extract from Anoectochilus setaceus Blume This is the original scientific basis for further studies on the composition and biological activities of Anoectochilus setaceus Blume
Seeking the right parameters for the production process of instant tea from Anoectochilus setaceus Blume at the laboratory scale
From the results of research as well as recommendations will be the basis for future research
Creating a basis for establishing a process to extract beneficial biologically active extracts from Anoectochilus setaceus Blume
Diversifying tea products on the market, improving the use value of
LITERATURE REVIEW
Anoectochilus setaceus Blume Overview
2.1.1 Origin and botanical characteristics of Anoectochilus setaceus Blume
Anoectochilus setaceus Blume is the scientific name, with synonyms such as: Chrysobaphus roxburghii Wall 1826; Anoectochilus roxburghii Wall ex Lindl 1840 and Anoectochilus regalis Blume 1858
It is a herbaceous plant, growing in soil with long stems and roots There are many soft hairs on the body The plant has 2-4 leaves that grow close to the ground Leaves are ovate, nearly rounded at base, slightly p ointed and short-nosed, varying in color with usually lighter veins (dark green with light green veins or brown-red with yellow-green veins) or pink); petiole 2-3 cm long Inflorescence 10-15 cm long, bearing 4 - 10 flowers sparsely The bracts are ovate, with a sharp tip, 8 -10mm long, pink
Flowers are usually white, 2.5-3 cm long; perianth pieces about 6mm long; Lips up to 1.5 cm long, 6-8 narrow bands on each side of base, broad apex, deeply bisected, bile cavity 7mm long, gourd 1.3cm long, green, with many soft hairs
Anoectochilus regalis Blume has a flower season in February-
April Regeneration by shoots from rhizomes and seeds, few and very slow growth Grows under the forest canopy, on the slopes of granite,
8 riolite, and shale rocks, at an altitude of 500 - 1600m, scattered in groups of a few trees on moist soil, rich in humus and fallen leaves [1]
Science name: Anoectochilus setaceus Blume Gender: Plantae
Ordo: Asparagales Familia: Orchidaceae Subfamilia: Orchidoideae Tribus: Cranichideae Subtribus: Goodyerinae Genus: Anoectochilus Species: A setaceus
It is a herbaceous plant that grows in soil with long stems and roots There are many soft hairs on the body The plant has 2-4 leaves that grow close to the ground Leaves are ovate, nearly rounded at base, slightly pointed and short-nosed, varying in color with usually lighter veins (dark green with light green veins or brown-red with yellow-green veins) or pink); petiole 2-3 cm long Inflorescence 10-15 cm long, bearing 4 - 10 flowers scattered The bracts are ovate, with a sharp spike, 8-10 mm long, pink Flowers are usually white, 2.5-3 cm long; perianth pieces about 6 mm long; Lips up to 1.5 cm long, 6-8 narrow bands on each side of base, broad apex, deeply bisected, bile cavity 7 mm long, gourd 1.3 cm long, green, with many soft hairs
Anoectochilus regalis Blume has a flowering season in February- April Regeneration by shoots from rhizomes and seeds, few and very slow growth Grows under the forest canopy, on the slopes of granite, riolite, and shale rocks, at an altitude of 500 - 1600 m, scattered in groups of a few trees on moist soil, rich in humus and fallen leaves [1]
2.1.3 Chemical composition of Anoectochilus setaceus Blume
Modern analytical methods today have allowed to determine the chemical composition as well as precious active ingredients with extremely important medicinal effects in Anoectochilus setaceus Blume, including: Flavonoid group (Quercetin, Isorhamnetin), group Steroids,
Polysaccharides 13.32%, Oligosacharides 11.24% and simple sugars 9.73%, alkaloids and many other trace elements and minerals [2,3,12,13,15]
From the ethanolic extract of Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall,
Lindl) identified eight compounds isolated from ethyl acetate and n - butanol soluble fractions Based on spectroscopic methods, 8 compounds have been identified including: quercetin-7-O-β-D-[6''-O-(trans-feruloyl)]- glucopyranoside (compound 1), 8-Cp- Hydroxybenzylquercetin (compound 2), isorhamnetin-7-O-β-Dglucopyranoside (compound 3), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (compound 4), kaempferol-3-O- β-Dglucopyranoside (compound 4) substance 5), kaempferol-7-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (compound 6), 5-hydroxy-3',4',7- trimethoxyflavonol-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (compound 7), and isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (compound 8) Among them quercetin-7-O-β-D-[6''-O-(trans-feruloyl)]- glucopyranoside (compound 1) is a yellow amorphous solid that gives positive test results Molish and Mg-HCl The molecular formula of compound 1 has the form C31H28O15, the UV spectrum in methanol shows characteristic absorption at 372 nm (band 1) and at 333 nm and 252 nm (band 2) After hydrolysis in acid, compound 1 obtained D - glucozo and querctin by thin plate chromatography The properties of quercetin-7-O-β-D-[6''-O-(trans-feruloyl)]-glucopyranoside also indicate that it is a flavonoid glucoside with potent biological activity and is
11 expressed through reacts with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical with IC50 value reaching 31 g/ml [3]
The anti-inflammatory and isulin resistance characteristics are also investigated with aqueous extract of Anoectochilus setaceus Blume The extraction process was carried out at 121 o C for 30 minutes according to the method of Kim & Jang (2011) The study showed the antioxidant capacity of the extract through DPPH free radical reaction up to 70%
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