engiii project g14

Countries likeBangladesh are pressing for more financial support to deal withthe effects of climate change.. A long-held promise for richcountries to give poor countries $100 billion eac

Instructor : Lê Thị Minh QuếGroup : 14 (ENG03A11)

Members : Đỗ Thành Trung (Leader – 24A403177 Nguyễn Hồng Ngọc (24A4030511) Nguyễn Mai Hương (24A4030246) Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Thu (24A4031522) Phạm Kiều Trinh (21A4020628) Cáp Tiến Dũng (24A4032828)

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Reading Portfolio (5 articles)I 1st article: Word choice

The earthquake in Turkey

Thousands of people have died and 10,000 of others were hurt by theearthquakes that destroyed Turkey and Syria (1) Monday.

Rescue teams are still .(2) for signs of life under the rubble of fallenbuildings in (3) conditions, the chances of finding people that still alivereduce every passing hour.

Here's what we know about the quake and why it was so dangerous?Where did the it hit?

The United States Geological Survey (USGS) said that the earthquake hit in the early hours of Monday morning around 4 a.m The 7.8 degrees quake (4) 23 kilometers, east of Nurdagi, in Turkey's Gaziantep province, at a depthof 24.1 kilometers.

According to the Turkey's disaster organization, there are more than 5,700buildings in Turkey have been (5) down.

Why was this one so dangerous ?

The quake hit early in the morning, many people .(6) in their bedswhen it happened, and are now lied under the rubble of their houses.

Unfortunatelly, with a cold and wet weather system moving through thearea have made the searching become more difficult.

The temperatures have been low, suddenly (7) down below 0degrees.

With rain and snow in the area set to continue, the factors are putting thelives of those lied under the rubble, who have already gone days .(8) foodand water.

How long can people live under the rubble?

Experts warn that the window for “search and rescue” is closed IanKelman, professor of disasters and health at University College London, said:"Specially, few people still a live are pulled out after 72 hours - yet every lifesaved is important and some people are helped after several days."

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He added: "Time is always the enemy, as seen in Turkey and Syria.People die due to immediately medical needs such as bleeding to death or .(9) ; due to the quake that destroy many building with people under the rubble;and due to the weather which has reduced at night and which has been coldduring the day, so people die because of reducing body temperature Many diebecause of lacking food and water while waiting for the rescue team."

Why do earthquakes happen?

It happen on every area in the world - from the highest places in theHimalayan Mountains to the lowest places in the world However, theappearance of these quakes is not (10)

The USGS said: "the ground shaking happen because of accidental slip ona fault Stress in the earth's crust push the sides of the fault together Stressbuilds up and the rocks slip suddenly, leaves the energy in waves that go throughthe earth's crust and cause the shaking that we feel during an earthquake.

Many people may recognize the phrase "Richter Scale" which scientistsused for many years, these days most of the documents follow the ModifiedMercalli Intensity Scale.

How does this quake compare in global?

Similar with other large earthquakes around the earth, the 2011 Japan quakesand tidal waves - in which more than 22,000 people were killed or went missing– recorded a 9.1 richter degrees quake.

5.A: fallen B: pull C: collapse D: gone

6.A: was B: have been C: are D: were

7.A: fell B: went C: go D:jumped

8.A: with out B: within C: with D:without

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9.A: give up B: surrender C: giving in D: hand out

10. A: accidental B: accident C: accidenceD:accidentally

Answer:1 B.

Using preposition on for days of week.

2 A.

Finding: to discover, especially where a thing or person is,either unexpectedly or by searching, or to discover where toget or how to achieve something.

Looking: to direct your eyes in order to see.

Hoping: to want something to happen or to be true.

3 C.

Horrible: very unpleasant or bad.

Terrific: very good

Terrible: very unpleasant or serious or of lowquality.

Horrified: very shocked.

4 D

Affect: to have an influence on someone or something, or

5 A.

Fallen: lying on the ground, after falling down.

Pull: to move something towards yourself, sometimeswith great physical effort

Collapse: to fall down suddenly because of pressure or havingno strength or support.

Gone: past participle of go

6 D.

Using “were” for “many people”.

7 B.

Fell (past simple of fall): to suddenly go down onto

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Went (went down) (past simple of go): to move down to

Go (go down) : to move down to a lower level or place (wrongtense).

Jumped ( past simple of jump): to push yourself suddenly off

8 D.

within: inside or not further than an area or period of time with: used to say that people or things are in a place togetheror are doing something together.

without: not having or doing something, or lacking something.

accidental (adj): happening or existing by chance.

accident (n): something bad that happens that is not expectedor intended and that often damages something or injuressomeone.

accidence: wrong word.

accidentally (adv): by chance or by mistake.

New words:

Rubble (noun) /ˈrʌb.əl/: the piles of broken stone and bricks,etc that are left when a building falls down or is destroyed.Ex: The bomb reduced the house to rubble.

System (noun) /ˈsɪs.təm/: a set of connected things or devicesthat operate together.

Ex: a central heating system.

Factor (noun) /ˈfæk.tər/: a fact or situation that influences theresult of something.

Ex: Heavy snow was a contributing factor in the accident.

Professor (noun) /prəˈfes.ər/: a teacher of the highest rank in

an American university or college.

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Ex: Professor Stephen Hawking.

Pull out:

Lack (verb) /læk/: to not have or not have enough of somethingthat is needed or wanted.

Ex: He just lacks a little confidence.

Appearance (noun) /əˈpɪə.rəns/ : an occasion whensomeone appears in public.

Ex: It was his first appearance

Fault (noun) /fɒlt/ : a crack in the earth's surface wherethe rock has divided into two parts that move against eachother.

Ex: Surveyors say the fault line is capable of generating a majorearthquake once in a hundred years.

Crust (noun) /krʌst/: a hard outer covering of something, theouter layer of the earth.

Ex: The Earth’s crust thick under 70 kilometers.

Document (noun) /ˈdɒk.jə.mənt/: to record information aboutsomething by writing about it or taking photographs of it.

this period.

II.2nd article: Q&A

Bangladesh’s Villages Bear the Brutal Cost of ClimateChange

Adbus Satter lives in Bonnotola in southwesternBangladesh The small seaside village was once home to 2,000people Most of them were farmers, like Satter But rising seaspoisoned the soil with salt water Two major storms in the lasttwo years destroyed the mud barriers that protected the villagefrom the sea Today, only 480 people remain.

The effects of global warming are destroying parts ofBangladesh, said Mohammad Shamsuddoha He is the head ofthe non-profit Center for Participatory Research Development.He said that studies show some 30 million people may beforced to leave the country’s coastal communities.

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This week, world leaders are gathered in GlasgowScotland, for a United Nations climate conference Countries likeBangladesh are pressing for more financial support to deal withthe effects of climate change A long-held promise for richcountries to give poor countries $100 billion each year to moveto clean energy and deal with climate change has not beenkept Even the $80 billion that has been given is not enough tomake much of a difference.

Salt in soil has increased by 26 percent over the past 35years In 1973, 833,000 hectares of land were poisoned by seawater Areas of fresh water were also poisoned This grew to1.02 million hectares in 2000, and 1.056 million hectares in2009, reports Bangladesh’s Soil Resources DevelopmentInstitute.

At Bonbibi Tola village, women gather daily at a well tocollect water for cooking and drinking The women walk up to 4kilometers to get the water But that will soon end Wells in thearea only have fresh water in the months after yearly heavyrains In the summer, fresh water is difficult to find, said one ofthe women, Maheswari Halder.

“This is the fate we all surrender to,” she said.

The villages lie in Bangladesh’s southwestern Shyamnagararea The area is home to 400,000 people Officials say thegovernment does not have the money to build desalinationfactories.

“The area needs maybe 500 desalination plants But we’veonly got 50 or so,” said Kabir, head of a local organization.

Between 2000 and 2009, only six countries in the worldwere more affected by climate change than Bangladesh Thatinformation comes from the 2021 Climate Change PerformanceIndex, by the nonprofit group Germanwatch.

Bangladesh cannot pay for the costs of climate change onits own And it should not have to, says Abdul Kalam Azad He isthe country’s special representative to the Climate VulnerableForum The group is made up of countries most at risk from theeffects of climate change Bangladesh has done far less to

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damage the Earth’s atmosphere than larger industrializedcountries Yet Bangladesh is being badly hurt, Azad said.

In a speech Monday at the U.N climate meeting,Bangladesh’s Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina said the largeindustrial countries that have caused most climate changeshould pay for the damage The 2015 Paris climate agreementsaid that countries should address “loss and damage” due toclimate change.

1.What affected the decrease in the village's population?A They don't have enough clean water for daily activities.B Effects of rising seas poisoned and two major storms.C Mohammad Shamsuddoha forced people to leave.D They don't like the uncomfortable life in a small seasidevillage.

2.Who is Mohammad Shamsuddoha?

A He is a resident of the Bangladesh’s village B He is a victim of global warming.

C He is the head of the non-profit Center for ParticipatoryResearch Development.

D He was the one who was forced to leave the village.

3.What does Bangladesh do to deal with the effects ofclimate change?

A Opening a United Nations climate conference inGlasgow Scotland.

B Pressing for more financial support.C Moving to clean energy.

D Use $80 billion to deal with climate change.

4.According to paragraph 4, the word “this” refers to the?A Salt in soil.

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B Area of land was poisoned by sea water.C Sea water.

D Areas of fresh water.

5.Where do people use water for living at Bonbibi Tolavillage?

7.What should the government do to help the Shyamnagararea in southwest Bangladesh?

A Spend money to build desalination factories.B Provide daily life water for people.

C Take people to other places to live.D Build more wells.

8.What country is Bangladesh ranked as the most affectedby climate change?

A Fifth.B Sixth.C Seventh.D Eighth.

9.Why it isn’t necessary for Bangladesh to pay the costs ofclimate change?

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A Bangladesh has done far less to damage the Earth’satmosphere than larger industrialized countries.

B Bangladesh is a poor country.

C Bangladesh has another agreement on climate change.D Because its impact on climate change has not exceededthe allowable level.

10. Which of the following shows the content of The 2015Paris climate?

A Bangladesh’s Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina should havesolutions to mitigate climate change.

B Bangladesh must pay for the costs of climate change.C Countries should address “loss and damage” due toclimate change”

D Only large industrial countries cause severe climatechange.

1 B (According to line 3, 4, 5) - “But rising seas poisoned the soil with salt water Two major storms in the last two years destroyed the mud barriers that protected the village from the sea”.

2 C (According to line 7, 8) - “He is the head of the non-profitCenter for Participatory Research Development”.

3 B (According to line 11, 12) - “Countries like Bangladesh are pressing for more financial support to deal with the effects of climate change”.

4 B (According to line 17) - “833,000 hectares of land were poisoned by sea water”.

5 D (According to line 20, 21) - “At Bonbibi Tola village, women gather daily at a well to collect water for cooking and drinking”.

6 D (According to line 21) - “The women walk up to 4 kilometers to get the water”.

7 A (According to line 27, 28) - “Officials say the governmentdoes not have the money to build desalination factories”.

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8 C (According to line 31, 32) - “Between 2000 and 2009, only six countries in the world were more affected by climate change than Bangladesh”.

9 A (According to line 37, 38) - “Bangladesh has done far less to damage the Earth’s atmosphere than larger industrialized countries”.

10.C (According to line 42, 43) - “The 2015 Paris climate

agreement said that countries should address “loss and damage” due to climate change”.

New words:

Soil (noun) /sɔɪl/: the material on the surface of the ground inwhich plants grow.

Ex: It was the first time we had set foot on foreign soil.

Mud (noun) /mʌd/: earth that has been mixed with water.Ex: My trousers got covered in mud, but luckily I was able tobrush them clean.

Remain (verb) /rɪˈmeɪn/: to stay in the same place or in thesame condition.

Ex: The bank will remain open while renovations are carried out.

Conference (noun) /ˈkɑːn.fɚrəns/: an event, sometimes lastinga few days, at which there is a group of talks on a particularsubject, or a meeting in which especially business matters arediscussed formally.

Ex: An international medical conference was established for theinterchange of new ideas and approaches.

Poison (noun) /ˈpɔɪ.zən/: a substance that can make people oranimals ill or kill them if they eat or drink it.

Ex: Forensic examination revealed a large quantity of poison inthe dead man's stomach.

Fate (noun) /feɪt/: what happens to a particular person or thing,especially something final or negative, such as death or defeat.Ex: His fate is now in the hands of the jury.

Surrender (verb) /səˈren.dɚ/: to stop fighting and admitdefeat.

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Ex: They would rather die than surrender.

Performance (noun) /pɚˈfɔːr.məns/: how well a person,machine, etc does a piece of work or an activity.

Ex: This was a very impressive performance by the youngplayer, who scored 14 points within the first ten minutes.

Representative (adj) /rep.rɪˈzen.teə.teɪv/: typical of, or the sameas, others in a larger group of people or things.

Ex: Are your views representative of all the workers here?

Risk (noun) /rɪsk/: the possibility of something bad happening.Ex: We want clean rivers and lakes, where you can swimwithout risk to your health.

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