portfoliotopic environment and fastfood bìa tiểu luận

Using renewable energy is an essential aspect ofprotecting the environment because it drastically cuts pollution while tappinginto more readily available and long-term focused resources.

BANKING ACADEMY

KHOA NGOẠI NGỮ

PORTFOLIO

TOPIC: ENVIRONMENT AND FASTFOOD

Instructor: NGUYEN THI HONG MINH Group of students doing portfolio: group 9

Class: K24TCC

Hanoi, October 13, 2022

ENVIRONMENT AND FASTFOOD

1st article multiple choice: protect the environment

cosystems within our environment are deeply connected We must protect them all to protect our environment After all, we live and rely

on nature to provide basic human survival needs Protecting the environment means paying our dues to ensure opportunities for future generations The good news is that it’s often not too difficult, expensive, or inconvenient to become more

environmentally friendly And

though small changes at the

individual level may seem

trivial, just think how much

cleaner the planet would be if

everyone adopted even a few

of the following behavior

modifications

E

1 Consume less: Curbing

consumption can have a huge

impact on the environment

The three "R's"—reduce, reuse and recycle— get a lot of attention, but the planet could benefit from some focus on the most important and most underrepresented "R": refuse When you refuse, you say "no," which is not always easy Freebies at events, cheap goods on clearance, the hot new children's toys or the latest gadgets that promise to make your life better— none of these are essential And they almost always end up either in the trash

or forgotten in the back of a closet Next time you’re tempted to purchase or accept a non-essential item, think about whether it would truly improve your life If not, it's ok to just say, "No, thanks!"

2 Choose reusable over single-use: Think about how many people you see

each day drinking beverages from disposable cups or disposable bottles, sipping from disposable straws, carrying disposable grocery bags, eating from disposable plates or containers, and using disposable utensils All that single-use plastic has to go somewhere, and it’s had a devastating effect on our soil, oceans, and marine life All of the above items can take hundreds or thousands of years to break down, making them extremely harmful to our environment Switch to reusable items and make a commitment to use them

as often as possible You’ll have less trash piling up at your curb, and you’ll

be helping to protect the environment in a major way

3 Shop secondhand: Did you know it takes over 700 gallons of water to

grow enough cotton to make just one plain t-shirt? Instead of heading to the mall to buy new clothes, consider looking first in a thrift store or vintage shop, or trading clothes with friends You can breathe new life into your wardrobe without wasting the precious resources needed to produce new clothing

Shopping secondhand also applies to many other categories of consumer goods: children’s games and toys, shoes, appliances, furniture, cars, and more

4 Use fewer chemicals: Want to protect the environment? Use fewer harmful

chemicals and you’ll be on the right track It’s hard to be sure about the long-term negative effects chemicals can have, both on our bodies and on the planet, so it’s best to avoid them if possible Opt for chemical-free lawn and garden care; all-natural beauty and hygiene items; natural household cleaners; and organic food The Earth will thank you!

5 Walk, bike or carpool: According to the U.S Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA), a typical passenger vehicle emits about 4.6 metric tons of carbon dioxide per year.1 Any amount that we can cut back on will help For short trips, try walking or biking—you’ll also get a healthy dose of exercise, without setting foot in a gym If traveling on foot or two wheels isn’t feasible, try carpooling with a friend, neighbor, or coworker to a mutual destination And if all else fails and you need to drive your car, line up errands in the most efficient route to save time and miles driven

6 Use renewable energy: Take advantage of renewable energy sources such

as solar panels or wind power Energy production is a massive part of the economy and infrastructure, but traditional production methods are incredibly harmful to the environment Using renewable energy is an essential aspect of protecting the environment because it drastically cuts pollution while tapping into more readily available and long-term focused resources Renewable energy does not produce greenhouse gas emissions, ultimately reducing air pollution In addition, our dependence on imported fossil fuels is reduced with renewable energy Renewable energy can save consumers money while protecting the environment Renewable energy sources such as the sun and wind do not need to be refueled, thus improving our energy supply in an eco-friendly way

So, the next time you step outside, think about the environment that surrounds you and remember that it is your environment That doesn’t mean it can’t change, but that with help from your behavior, you have an active role to play in deciding if and how it changes – for the benefit of present and future generations

Source:https://www.greenmountainenergy.com/why-renewable-energy/protect-the-environment

https://www.inspirecleanenergy.com/blog/sustainable-living/ways-to-protect-the-environment

Choose the correct letter; A, B, C, or D

1 According to the passage, what is the most suitable title?

A Causes and effects of pollution

B Environmental impacts

C How to protect the environment

D Environmental issues

2 In passage 2, besides “3R” mentioned a lot, what is the most significant

“R”?

A Renewable

B Rot

C Reuse

D Reject

3 Freebies at events, cheap goods on clearance, the hot new children's toys, or the latest gadgets:

A Improve your life

B are very crucial

C are thrown away or forgotten

D contribute to climate change

4 All of the items are about

A reusable items

B Single-use plastic

C Animals, soil, plants, and oceans

D Garbage is thrown indiscriminately

5 In the writer’s opinion, Shopping second hand applies for:

A only clothes

B the precious resources needed to produce new clothing

C plain t-shirt

D other consumer goods besides clothes

6 What are the negative effects of hazardous chemicals?

A Not mentioned in the paragraph

B They pollute land, rivers, lakes, waterways, and the atmosphere

C They take care of their yards, hygiene tools, and create organic food

D They contaminate groundwater and threaten natural habitats

7 According to the author, what is not a solution to reduce carbon emissions?

A Try walking or cycling to improve your health

B Join as many tree planting trips and plant trees as much as you can

C Carpool with people who have the same destination

D Line up errands in the most efficient route to save time and miles driven

8 T he renewable energy sources mentioned in the paragraph are:

A Solar power and wind power.

B Geothermal energy and hydro power

C Fossil fuels and nuclear power

D Bioenergy and electricity

9 Why using renewable energy is essential to protecting the environment?

A Because it preserves biodiversity and natural resources

B Energy production is a massive part of the economy and infrastructure

C Because it promotes sustainable development

D Because it reduces pollution and takes advantage of available resources

10 According to the passage, what measures are not mentioned to protect the environment ?

A Use renewable energy

B Shop secondhand

C Turn off your devices, and save energy to protect the environment

D Use fewer chemicals

VOCABULARY LIST

1 Ecosystem (n) /i ko s s.təm/ː ʊˌ ɪ :all the living things in an area and the way they affect each other and the environment

Meaning: hê D sinh th愃Āi

Example: Pollution can have disastrous effects on the delicately balanced ecosystem

2 Consume (v) /kən su m/ : ˈ ː to use fuel energy time, , , or a product, especially in large amounts

Meaning: Tiêu thu

Example: She avoids consuming caffeine in any form

3 Essential (adj) / sen əl/ ɪˈ ʃ : necessary or needed

Meaning: CGn thi Āt

Example: Water is essential for living things

4 Disposable (adj) /d spo zə.bəl/ : ɪˈ ʊ a disposable product is intended to be thrown away after use

Meaning: DIng mô Dt lGn

Example: disposable cups/cutlery

5 H azardous (adj) / hæz .dəs/ :ˈ ɚ something that is dangerous and likely to cause damage

Meaning: Nguy hiKm

Example: Heavy snow fell overnight, making road conditions hazardous

6 Contamination (adj) /kən tæm.ə.ne t/: ˈ ɪ to make something less pure or make it poisonous

Meaning: Sư뀣 lNm nhiOm đô Dc

Example: Water contamination issues lead to different health problems in developing countries

7 Natural resources (n) / næ rəl r s s z/: ˈ ʧ ɪˈ ɔː ɪ things such as minerals, forests coal, , etc that exist in a place and can be used by people

Meaning: TNi nguyên thiên nhiên

Example: Some natural resources, such as natural gas and fossil fuel, cannot

be replaced

8 Infrastructure (n) / n.frə str k.tˈɪ ˌ ʌ ʃɚ/: the basic systems and services, such as transport and power supplies, that a country or organization uses in order to work effectively

Meaning: Cơ sơꄉ h愃⌀ tGng

Example: The war has badly damaged the country's infrastructure

9 Preserve biodiversity (v) /kən s v ba ə da v s ti/ˈ ɜː ˌ ɪ ʊ ɪˈ ɜː ɪ

Meaning: BTo tUn sư뀣 đa d愃⌀ng sinh h漃⌀c

Example: Preserving biodiversity is an important national objective

10 Ultimately (adv) / l.tə.mət.li/: ˈʌ finally, after a series of things have happened

Meaning: Cu Āi cIng

Example: Ultimately, of course, he'd like to have his own business but that won't be for some time

KEY

Question 1: C

Question 2: D

Question 3: C

Question 4: B

Question 5: D

Question 6: A

Question 7: B

Question 8: A

Question 9: D

Question 10: C

2nd article Q&A: Water pollution

From big pieces of garbage to invisible chemicals, a wide range of pollutants end up in our planet's lakes, rivers, streams, groundwater, and eventually the oceans Water pollution - along with drought, inefficiency, and

an exploding population - has contributed to a freshwater crisis, threatening the sources we rely on for drinking water and other critical needs Therefore,

water pollution is one of the serious pollution This type of pollution is caused mainly by sewage, fertilizers, and wastewaters

Rivers such as To Lich, Set and Kim Nguu in Ha Noi have become sections of the city’s waste water drainage system

What happens in water pollution is that these chemicals and nutrients enter the water system and make it undrinkable and dangerous for plant and animal life In turn, this affects the ecosystem of the area and kills off important organisms

One way that these pollutants enter the water system is when rainwater washes fertilizers and pollutants off crops The rainwater then drains into wells, streams, and other water sources and causes damage

Industrial waste such as oil spills, mercury, sulfur, and phosphates are often dumped directly into water sources This kills ocean life and harms human populations as well

Water pollution can result in human health problems, poisoned wildlife, and long-term ecosystem damage Bacteria and parasites in poorly treated sewage may enter drinking water supplies and cause digestive problems such

as cholera and diarrhea Hazardous chemicals, pesticides, and herbicides from industries, farms, homes and golf courses can cause acute toxicity and immediate death, or chronic toxicity that can lead to neurological problems or cancers Many water pollutants enter our bodies when we use water for drinking and food preparation The pollutants enter the digestive tract From there, they can reach other organs in the body and cause various illnesses Chemicals come in contact with the skin from washing clothes, or from swimming in polluted water and may lead to skin irritations Hazardous

chemicals in water systems can also affect the animals and plants which live there

When agricultural and industrial runoff floods waterways with excess nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, these nutrients often fuel algae blooms that then create dead zones, or low-oxygen areas where fish and other aquatic life can no longer thrive Algae blooms can create health and economic effects for humans, causing rashes and other ailments, while eroding tourism revenue for popular lake destinations thanks to their unpleasant looks and odors High levels of nitrates in water from nutrient pollution can also be particularly harmful to infants, interfering with their ability to deliver oxygen to tissues and potentially causing "blue - baby syndrome." This happens when babies drink water that’s contaminated with nitrates and are unable to breathe properly If untreated, it can lead to early death

The biggest issue caused by water pollution is that it leads to the death

of water creatures This, in turn, disturbs the food chain and throws off the balance of different fish and organisms in an area Nutrient pollution in a stream, lake, or river can create toxins that kill off fish Without enough fish

in the water, it can become permanently soiled and the entire ecosystem can collapse

It’s important to take climate action to put a stop to these impacts on both humans and animal life Otherwise, our planet as we know it is going to change drastically for the worse

So, now that you understand a little bit more about just how pollution affects the environment, it’s time to start making small changes in your daily life

Source:https://www.goodwall.io/blog/how-does-pollution-affect-the-environment/

https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/ehep/82-2/

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/freshwater-pollution

Question 1 What are the causes of water pollution?

-> They are sewage, fertilizers, and wastewaters

Question 2 What are the consequences of chemicals and nutrients entering

the water system?

-> Make it undrinkable and dangerous for plant and animal life

Question 3 What kills ocean life and harms human populations?

-> The direct dumping of industrial wastes into water does

Question 4 What can water pollution bring about?

> It can bring about human health problems, poisoned wildlife, and long -term ecosystem damage

Question 5 According to the text, how are algae blooms formed?

-> When agricultural and industrial runoff floods waterways with excess nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, these nutrients often fuel algae blooms

Question 6 Are high levels of nitrates in water not harmful to infants?

-> No, they aren’t

Question 7 What happens when children drink water contaminated with nitrates?

-> They are unable to breathe properly and if untreated, they will die

Question 8 According to the text, what would happen if water pollution

triggered the death of water creatures?

-> It would disturb the food chain and throw off the balance of different fish and organisms in an area

Question 9 Why if there are not enough fish in the water, rivers and lakes can be depleted and the ecosystem can collapse?

-> Because nutrient pollution in a stream, lake, or river can create toxins that kill off fish

Question 10 What might be the purpose of this passage?

-> Show the reader that water pollution affects the environment , its disadvantages ,

New words:

1 freshwater crisis (n): khủng hoTng nước ng漃⌀t

Eg: In many countries, people have to deal with the freshwater crisis, in which there is not enough fresh water for daily use

2 fertilizer (n):a natural or chemical substance that is spread on land in

order to make plants grow well

Eg: Plants need fertilizers for better growth

3 kill off (v): to destroy or remove someone or something completely

Eg: There used to be a lot of wolves around here, but most of them have been killed off

4 oil spill (n): an accident in which oil has come out of a ship and caused pollution

Eg: The risks of oil spill in both areas increased by sea conditions and the presence of sea ice and icebergs

5 mercury (n): a chemical element that is a heavy, sliver-coloured metal,

liquid at normal temperatures

Eg: Mercury is used in thermometers

6 digestive system (n): the organs in your body involved with the

digestion of food

Eg: Due to which the digestive system is always healthy

7 interfere with (v): to prevent something from working effectively or from developing successfully

Eg: We have been silent because we did not want to interfere with police investigations

8 permanently (adv): always and forever

Eg: Smoking is likely to damage your health permanently

9 drastically (adv): in a way that is severe and sudden or has very noticeable effects

Eg: Their budget has been drastically reduced

10 algae bloom (n): a rapid growth of microscopic algae or cyanobacteria

in water, often resulting in a colored scum on the surface

Eg: The red tides or algae bloom that deplete oxygen in the water

3rd article T/F: The history of fastfood

Restaurants have been around in some form for most of human

civilization But they usually catered to travelers As far back as ancient

Greece and Rome, inns and taverns generally served food to people who had

a reason to be away from home This trend continued until relatively recently Although taverns and coffee houses were popular places to gather and share

beverages in the 17th century , the idea of eating out for fun didn't take off in

Western society until the late 18th century

Although McDonald's

was the first restaurant to

use the assembly - line

system, some people think

of White Castle as the first

fast - food chain White

Castle was founded in 1921

in Wichita, Kansas At the

considered the burgers sold

at fairs, circuses, lunch counters and carts to be low quality Many people thought hamburgers came from slaughterhouse scraps and spoiled meat White Castle's founders decided to change the public's perception of hamburgers They built their restaurants so that customers could see the food being prepared They painted the buildings white and even chose a name that suggested cleanliness White Castle was most popular in the American East

and Midwest , but its success helped give hamburger meat a better reputation

nationwide So, like cars, White Castle played an important part in the development of fast food

The McDonald brothers opened their redesigned restaurant in 1948 , and several fast - food chains that exist today opened soon after Burger King and Taco Bell got their start in the 1950s, and Wendy's opened in 1969 Some