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[...]... to the shaping of our future Chapter written by Fabienne GOUX-BAUDIMENT and Christopher B JONES 4 Innovation Engineering: The Powerof Intangible Networks So, first of all, we will precisely define the notion ofinnovation and show the profile ofthe innovator; then we will introduce the field of futures thinking and the notion of change Finally, we will show what futures thinking can bring to innovation. .. with the global competition), what other motives can justify innovation? In most cases, innovation is dedicated to greater efficiency and is a means of reaching the aim with the maximum of gain and the minimum of loss, not only for the firm, but also for the clients (hence, the notion of “service”) This is why the 16 Innovation Engineering: The Powerof Intangible Networks postal service must not only... innovation can be motivated by the will to access the same – even better – products (or services) than other countries or clients See, for example, the difference between France and the USA, in the 1980s, the advantage of France in the field of telephony and at the advantage ofthe USA in the field ofthe Internet, opening the road to innovations such as the Minitel and the Bi-bop (the first cell phone) Futures... recite a lesson in their own words rather than in the words ofthe book; or when it is decided, in higher education, that 12 Innovation Engineering: The Powerof Intangible Networks than most ofthe intellectually-correct ones, such as the general system theory [BER 68] and the theory of general semantics [KOR 33], have been prevented from spreading due to such resistance However, the alternative thinking... the beginning of an idea until its materialization (the launching of a new product), through market research, the development ofthe prototype and the first steps ofthe production” Moreover, innovation can change the modes of distribution, of consumption, even the recycling ofthe innovative object In doing so, innovation can extend its ramifications, induced impacts, even to its modes of payment, transportation...x Innovation Engineering: The Powerof Intangible Networks 9.1.5 Stylistic tendencies and use 9.1.6 Reasoning in the design professions and analogy in particular 9.1.7 Human values and product value 9.2 Methods and tools of stylistic innovation 9.2.1 The universe of exchange to the universe of influences 9.2.2 The analysis of iconic... just keep its market position for longer The short life ofthe product is not a problem, considering the quick turn-over ofthe market This explains why the quick launching of innovative products (the time to market) is more important than the degree ofinnovation within the product itself, the marketing budget often being privileged over the R&D budget Process innovation, being organizational or technical,... progress, and improvement ofthe general welfare of humanity Change is a means, not an end 9 Ludwig Von Bertalanffy, The world of science and the world of value” in Teachers College Record 65: 244–55 at p 245 (1964) 10 Which is the characteristic of the thermodynamic societies according to Claude LeviStrauss Inventing the Future 15 Innovation is nested in the core of this vision of change, which, unfortunately,... for Networks and Software Sylvain ALLANO 267 15.1 Introduction 15.2 State ofthe problems and the protagonists 15.3 The main “nodes” in intellectual property amidst thenetworks operated in the context ofinnovation 15.4 Intellectual property rights applicable to the context ofnetworks 15.5 Copyright “software” against networks. .. 9.2.3 Modeling ofthe analysis process ofthe tendencies of a universe of exchange 9.2.4 The harmonies of attributes 9.2.5 The chain of value/function/attribute 9.3 The step of stylistic monitoring and its application in designing the automobile trends panel 9.3.1 The construction of specifications . class="bi x0 y0 w0 h0" alt="" Innovation Engineering: The Power of Intangible Networks This page intentionally left blank Innovation Engineering: The Power of Intangible Networks . The age of networks 250 xii Innovation Engineering: The Power of Intangible Networks PART 3. Innovation Management: Which Factors Underpin Success?. . . 251 Chapter 14. Psychology of Innovation. universities 99 5.5.2. The role of ICT in education 101 5.5.3. The role of universities in innovation 102 5.6. Conclusion 103 viii Innovation Engineering: The Power of Intangible Networks Chapter