They rumoured the man was still living The man………10.They delared that she won the competition She ……….11.They know that English is an international language It is ………12.People think that
Trang 1CHUYÊN ĐỀ BỊ ĐỘNG ( ĐAC BIỆT)
B ĐỘNG TỪ CHỈ Ý KIẾN ( BỊ ĐỘNG KÉP)
Active : S1 + V1 + (THAT) + S2 + V2 ……….
Passive:
* TH1 : It + is/ was/ + V(ed/c3) + (THAT) + S 2 + V2
V 1 TO + V(inf) ( V2 ở HTD
* TH2 : S2 + BE+ V(ed/c3)
V1 TO HAVE + V (ed/c3) V2 ở QKĐ.)
Ex : People say that many people are homeless after the floors ( 2
động từ cùng thì
S1 V1 S2 V2
* TH 1 : It is said that many people are homeless after the floors
* TH 2 : Many people are said to be homeless after the floors
Ex; They thought that Mary had gone away
It was thought that mary had gone away
Mary was thought to have gone away.
( một số động từ được dùng trong câu : say, think, believe, report, rumour, expect, consider, propose)
BÀI TẬP
1 People expect that the strike will end soon
It ……….
2 They belived that he crossed the frontier last night
He………
3 People say that she works 16 hours a day
She
………
4 People report that the building has been badly damaged by fire
The building ………
5 people say that the company lost a lot of money last year
It is
………
6 People report that two people are killed in the explosion
Two
people……….
7 People think that the prisioner escaped by climbing over the wall
Trang 2It is………
8 People belive that 13 is an unlucky number
It is………
9 They rumoured the man was still living
The
man……… 10.They delared that she won the competition
She
……… 11.They know that English is an international language
It is
……… 12.People think that Jack London’s life and writing represent the American love of adventure
Jack……… 13.They say that Jonh is the brightest student in class
It is ……… 14.They reported that the President had suffered a hear a heart attack
It is
……… 15.They think that he has died a natural death
He
……… 16.They reported that the troops were coming
The troops……… 17.People believed that the earth stood still
It was………
Bài tập 2: Viết lại câu sử dụng câu bị động kép
1.They told me that you were the best architect in this city.
2.She reported that the flowers were killed by frost.
3.Some people inform me that the director is going to take a business trip to England.
Trang 3
4.That officer announced that the meeting was delayed until next week .
5.He discovered that this cotton was grown in Egypt.
6.They promise that the performance will start on time.
7.He recommends that we should stay at the city center.
8.We believed that Alice would pass the driving test.
9.The director notifies all the workers that they will have to work extra hard this month.
10.They have persuaded me that they will go with me to the stadium .
CHUYÊN ĐỀ 3 BỊ ĐỘNG ĐẶC BIỆT( TIẾP)
V THỂ SAI KHIẾN : HAVE , GET, MAKE, LET
1 HAVE/ HAD( Have sb do st -> have st done )(by sb): Nhờ ai đó
làm gì
Active : S + HAVE/ HAD + O 1( người) + V(inf) + O 2( vật) Passive : S + HAVE/ HAD + O 2 ( vật) + V ( ed/ c2) + ( by O 1)
EX : I had him repair my bike yesterday
I had my bike repaired ( by me)yesterday.
2 GET / GOT ( Get sb to do st -> get st done (by sb)): Nhờ ai đó
làm gì
Active : S + GET/GOT + O 1 (người) + TO + V(inf) + O 2 ( vât)
Trang 4Passive : S+GET/Got + O 2 ( vật) + V (ed/c2) + ( by + O 1)
Ex : I get her to make some coffee
I get some coffee made( by me )
- She got her father turn on the TV.
-> She got the TV turned on by her father.
3 MAKE SB DO ST -> MAKE ST DONE (by sb): bắt ai đó
làm gì
Active: S + MAKE/ MADE + O(người) + V + O( vật) Passive: S + MAKE/MADE + O(vật) + Ved/v3 (by + O)
Ví dụ:
- I made my son clean the floor.
-> I made the floor cleaned by my son.
4 LET SB DO ST -> LET ST DONE (by sb): cho phép, để cho ai
đó làm gì
ACTIVE: S + LET + O(người) + V(inf) + O (vật)
PASSIVE: S + LET + O(vật) + Ved/ v3 (by + O)
Ví dụ:
My father let me cook the dinner yesterday.
-> My father let the dinner cooked by me yesterday.
Bài tập 1: Chọn đáp án đúng
1 I'll have the boys the chairs
a paint b to paint c painted d painting
2 I am going to have a new house
a build b to build c built d building
3 Have these flowers to her office, please
a taken b taking c take d to take
4 You should have your car before going
a servicing b to service c service d serviced
5 I'll have a new dress for my daughter
a making b to make c make d made
6 Pupils should have their eyes regularly
a tested b to test c test d testing
Trang 57 Lisa had the roof yesterday.
a repair b repaired c to repair d repairing
8 They have just had air conditioning in their house
a install b to install c installed d installing
9 We had the room yesterday
a decorates b had decorated c decorated d decorating
10 The villagers have had the use of this washing machine by this engineer
a explain b explained c to explain d explains
11 By the housework done, we have time to further our studies
a taking b to have c having d to get
12 The government has had new houses in the rural areas
a build b built c to be built d building
13 They had the swamp last year
a drain b to drain c cut d to cut
14 She is going to have her wedding dress
a cutting b cuts c cut d to cut
15 It's about time you had your house
a whitewash b whitewashed c whitewashing d to whitewash
16 I'm sorry I'm late, but I my watch on the way here
a have/cleaned b had/clean c had/cleaned d had/to clean
17 Please have the cleaner this meeting room
a sweep b swept c sweeping d to sweep
18 I'd like to have my shoes at one
a repair b repairing c repaired d being repaired
19 My grandmother had a tooth last week
a fill b filling c filled d to be filled
20 We had the roof last year
a mend b mending c mended d being mended
Bài tập 2: Chọn từ phù hợp nhất trong ngoặc
1 We’re getting a new house _ (build/built/builds/builded)
Trang 62 You will need to get your photo _ for your new passport (took/take/take/taken)
3 A jeweller’s is a place where you can have your watch
_(repaired/stolen/cut/delivered)
4 A florist’s is a place where you can have flowers
_.(delivered/cleaned/fixed/checked)
5 I had my bag _ when I was on holiday (stolen/steal/sealed/stealed)
6 I’m going to have my bedroom walls _ this weekend
(paint/painted/painteded/panted)
7 I had my holiday pictures _ in an hour at the photograph shop
(repaired/cut/developed/checked)
Bài tập 3: Viết lại câu
1 The shop delivers Alice’s milk to her house
Alice
2 At the butcher’s, Frank said, ‘Please cut the meat into big pieces’
Frank into big pieces
3 The hairdresser cuts Rita’s hair about thrice a year
Rita _about thrice a year
4 Last month, the optician checked Mr Brown’s eyes
Last month, Mr Brown _
5 Mrs Green’s doctor says to her: ‘When you come to see me next week, I’ll check your blood pressure.’
When Mrs Green goes to see the doctor next week,
she
6 Last week, the garage serviced Julie’s car
Last week, Julie _
7 A builder is going to mend the roof on our house
We on our house
Bài 4: Áp dụng kiến thức về câu bị động với “make, let, have to, have” để viết các câu dưới đây về dạng bị động:
1,My mother has to wash my family’s clothes every day.
………
……
2, I make my son sweep the floor
Trang 7…….
3, My father let me use the mobile phone.
………
……
4, My parents never let me do anything by myself because I’m very careless.
………
…
5, I have my brother repair my bike
………
…
6, Mary gets her mother to cut her hair.
………
……
7, Kate had me send an email to her manager.
………
8, She had the server bring her luggage to the hotel room.
………
Bị động với động từ có 2 tân ngữ
Ta thường gặp một số câu có 2 tân ngữ đi sau động từ:
Ví dụ:- He gave me a book.
Ta thấy sau động từ: “gave” có 2 tân ngữ là “me” và “a book” Trong
2 tân ngữ này thì “a book” được gọi là tân ngữ trực tiếp (trực tiếp chịu
BỊ ĐỘNG ĐẶC BIỆT (TIÊP)
( Special cases of passive voice )
Trang 8tác động của động từ “gave” – đưa.) Còn “me” được gọi là tân ngữ gián tiếp (không trực tiếp chịu tác động của độngtừ).
Ta có cấu trúc câu chủ động với động từ có 2 tân ngữ:
S + V + Oi + Od
Trong đó: S (subject): Chủ ngữ
V (verb): Động từ
Oi (indirect object): tân ngữ gián tiếp (Không trực tiếp chịu tác động của động từ)
Od (direct object): tân ngữ trực tiếp (Tân ngữ trực tiếp chịu tác động của động từ)
Câu bị động sẽ có 2 trường hợp như sau:
- TH1: ta lấy tân ngữ gián tiếp lên làm chủ ngữ trong câu bị động
S + be + VpII + Od
- TH2: Ta lấy tân ngữ trực tiếp lên làm chủ ngữ trong câu bị động:
S + be + VpII + giới từ + Oi
Ví dụ:
- Chủ động: She gave me an apple yesterday (Cô ấy đưa cho tôi một
quả táo ngày hôm qua.)
S V Oi Od
(me: tân ngữ gián tiếp; an apple: tân ngữ trực tiếp)
- Bị động: TH1: I was given an apple yesterday (Tôi được cho
một quả táo ngày hôm qua)
S be VpII Od
Ta lấy tân ngữ gián tiếp lên làm chủ ngữ nên “me” chuyển thành “I”.
TH2: An apple was given to me yesterday (Một quả táo được đưa
cho tôi ngày hôm qua.)
S be VpII
Ta lấy tân ngữ trực tiếp “an apple” lên làm chủ ngữ và sau động từ phân từ 2 ta sử dụng giới từ “to”.
Trang 9Ví dụ 2:
- Her mother bought her a book yesterday.
S V Oi Od
-> She was bought a book yesterday.
S be VpII Od
-> A book was bought for her yesterday.
S be VpII giới từ Oi
Bài tập 1: Viết lại câu sử dụng câu bị động có 2 tân ngữ.
1 The waiter brings me this dish.
2 Our friends send these postcards to us.
3.Their grandmother told them this story when they visited her last week 4.Tim ordered this train ticket for his mother.
5.You didn’t show me the special cameras.
6.She showed her ticket to the airline agent.
7.He lends his friend his new shoes.
8.She left her relatives five million pounds.
9.The shop assistant handed these boxes to the customer.
10.The board awarded the first prize to the reporter.
II- Bị động với câu mệnh lệnh thức
Ta thường gặp các câu mệnh lệnh thức như:
- Close the door! (Đóng cửa vào)
V O
Trang 10- Open the book! (Mở sách ra)
V O
Ta thấy cấu trúc của của câu mệnh lệnh thức đó là:
Dạng chủ động: V + O
Bị động: S + should/must + be + V-pII
Ví dụ:
- Chủ động: Clean the floor! (Hãy lau sàn nhà đi!)
- Bị động: The floor should be cleaned! (Sàn nhà nên được lau đi)
EX 2: Viết lại câu mệnh lệnh thức
1 Open your book ->
2 Write this report in your book ->
3 Bring the umbrellar when it rains ->
4 Don’t eat sugar->
5 Do the housework everyday->
III- Cấu trúc bị động với chủ ngữ “it”.
It + be + adj + (for sb) + to do st
-> It + be + adj + for st to be done
Ví dụ: - It is easy to make this cake -> It is easy for this cake to be made.
EX 3:
1 It is difficult to learn Math->
2 It is important to protect the environment->
………
3 It is comfortable to live in this room->
………
…
4 It is easy to do this exercise ->
5 It is safe to drink this water->
Trang 116 It is exciting to watch a football match
………
…
7 It was happy to visit his relatives
………
……
8 It is easy to do this exercise
………
9 It will be thrilling to pass Hai Van tunnel
………
10 It was fantastic to enjoy games in Suoi Tien
……… 11.It is nice to read newspapers in the evening
………
12 It will be important to learn irregular verbs by heart
………
13 It was miserable to obey brutal kings
………
14 It will be delicous to eat this dish
………
15 It is charitable to help the poor
……….
IV/ Change these sentences into passive:
1 Some body clean the house every day
-> ………
2 How do people learn language?
-> ………
3 John will collect me at the airport
-> ………
4 Mr Robinson teaches us how to speak English properly
-> ………
5 Your teacher must sign this form
-> ………
6 People play football all over the world
-> ………
7 Our form teacher will hold a class discussion next Monday
Trang 12-> ………
8 Will you invite her to your birthday party?
-> ………
9 We can't wear jeans at work
-> ………
10 Do they speak French and English in Canada?
-> ………
11 They separated the rice from the husk
-> ………
12 The boys made a fire by their camp
-> ………
13 They build this house more than one hundred years ago
-> ………
14 Every year Viet Nam exports millions of tons of rice
-> ………
15 Vietnamese people celebrate their Lunar New Year around January or February -> ………
16 After Tet holiday Vietnamese people usually plant trees in their neighborhood -> ………
17 How many festivals do you celebrate in your community?
-> ………
18 How many motorbikes does Viet Nam import a year?
-> ………
19 The publisher published his book in 1996
-> ………
20 They repaired our desk during the weekend
-> ………
V/ Complete the second sentences so that it has the same meaning to the first:
1 We must pay the bill at once
-> The bill ………
2 I will repair your bicycle tomorrow afternoon
-> Your bicycle………
3 Penicillin can cure many dangerous diseases
-> Many ………
4 Does your country export rice to Britain?
-> Is rice ………
5 Clement Clarke Moore wrote the poem in 1823
-> The poem ………
6 Christmas cards should be sent a week before Christmas day
-> You ………
7 Nobody has used this machine for year
-> This machine ………
8 They use recycled plastic to make toys and utensils
-> Recycled………
9 Tax free goods can be bought before you get on the plane
-> You ………
10 The repairman is going to repair my car next week
-> We are going to have………
11.They can make tea with boiled water
Trang 13-> Tea
12 He is instructing all the workers of the plan at the moment
-> All the workers of the plan
13 A boy has just taken some of my books away
-> Some of my books
14 They will hold the celebration before January
-> The celebration
15 They have to repair their car
-> Their car
16 The boys broke the window last night
-> The window
17 People spend much money on advertising everyday
-> Much money
18 Hung took some pictures of his father away yesterday
-> Some pictures of his father
19 They may use their rooms for the classrooms
-> Their rooms
20 The teacher is going to punish some students
-> Some students
III/ Change these sentences into passive:
1 Peter is writing a letter to his friend
2 My friends making some phone calls in the evening
3 B ad drivers are causing many accidents
4 The children are eating a lot of sweets
5 Nam is repairing mt piano at the moment
6 they are demolishing the entire block
7 someone is cutting the glass now
8 that factory is producing more and more pollution
9 someone is showing her how to do it
10 the boys are planting some trees in the garden
11 Lan was prepairing that report when I came to see him
12 Waiters and waitresses were serving customers
13 The president was signig those papers
14 Was Mary helping her mother in the kitchen at that time?
15 The head teacher was making the announcement
16 Someone was cleaning the windows while I was there
17 They were preseting the athletes to the spectators when we came
18 Someone is making the coffee when I walk into the kitchen
19 They have sold their car to pay debts
20 No one has opened the window for ages
21 No one has ever asked me that question before
22 They haven’t done anything since he left
23 A doctor has just examined John
24 They haven’t used this machine for ages
25 Peter has sung this song
26 They have paid doctors a lot of money
27 She has eaten all the ages
28 Famous engineers have designed the aircraft
29 Have several people just seen the accident?
30 We have invited all the members to the party