SYSTEMS ENGINEERING – PRACTICE AND THEORY Edited by Boris Cogan Systems Engineering – Practice and Theory Edited by Boris Cogan Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. As for readers, this license allows users to download, copy and build upon published chapters even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Bojan Rafaj Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer InTech Design Team First published March, 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechopen.com Systems Engineering – Practice and Theory, Edited by Boris Cogan p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0322-6 Contents Preface IX Introductory A Few Words Chapter About Systems Engineering 1 Part 1 Systems Engineering Practice 11 Chapter 1 Methodology for an Integrated Definition of a System and Its Subsystems: The Case-Study of an Airplane and Its Subsystems 13 Sergio Chiesa, Marco Fioriti and Nicole Viola Chapter 2 Complex-Systems Design Methodology for Systems-Engineering Collaborative Environment 39 Guido Ridolfi, Erwin Mooij and Sabrina Corpino Chapter 3 Functional Analysis in Systems Engineering: Methodology and Applications 71 Nicole Viola, Sabrina Corpino, Marco Fioriti and Fabrizio Stesina Chapter 4 A Safety Engineering Perspective 97 Derek Fowler and Ronald Pierce Chapter 5 Life Cycle Cost Considerations for Complex Systems 127 John V. Farr Chapter 6 Integrated Product Service Engineering – Factors Influencing Environmental Performance 147 Sofia Lingegård, Tomohiko Sakao and Mattias Lindahl Chapter 7 Leveraging Neural Engineering in the Post-Factum Analysis of Complex Systems 165 Jason Sherwin and Dimitri Mavris VI Contents Chapter 8 An Abstracted and Effective Capabilities Portfolio Management Methodology Using Enterprise or System of Systems Level Architecture 183 Joongyoon Lee and Youngwon Park Chapter 9 System Engineering Method for System Design 201 Guillaume Auriol, Claude Baron, Vikas Shukla and Jean-Yves Fourniols Chapter 10 Assessing the Capacity for Engineering Systems Thinking (CEST) and Other Competencies of Systems Engineers 217 Moti Frank and Joseph Kasser Part 2 New Systems Engineering Theories 231 Chapter 11 Usage of Process Capability Indices During Development Cycle of Mobile Radio Product 233 Marko E. Leinonen Chapter 12 Augmented Human Engineering: A Theoretical and Experimental Approach to Human Systems Integration 257 Didier Fass Chapter 13 A System Engineering Approach to e-Infrastructure 277 Marcel J. Simonette and Edison Spina Chapter 14 Systems Engineering and Subcontract Management Issues 297 Alper Pahsa Chapter 15 System Engineering Approach in Tactical Wireless RF Network Analysis 309 Philip Chan, Hong Man, David Nowicki and Mo Mansouri Chapter 16 Creating Synergies for Systems Engineering: Bridging Cross-Disciplinary Standards 329 Oroitz Elgezabal and Holger Schumann Preface The book “Systems Engineering: Practice and Theory” is a collection of articles written by developers and researches from all around the globe. Mostly they present methodologies for separate Systems Engineering processes; others consider issues of adjacent knowledge areas and sub-areas that significantly contribute to systems development, operation, and maintenance. Case studies include aircraft, spacecrafts, and space systems development, post-analysis of data collected during operation of large systems etc. Important issues related to ‘bottlenecks’ of Systems Engineering, such as complexity, reliability, and safety of different kinds of systems, creation, operation and maintenance of services, system-human communication, and management tasks done during system projects are addressed in the collection. This book is for people who are interested in the modern state of the Systems Engineering knowledge area and for systems engineers involved in different activities of the area. Some articles may be a valuable source for university lecturers and students; most of case studies can be directly used in Systems Engineering courses as illustrative materials. Prof Boris Cogan, MSc, PhD, DSc, Senior Research Fellow, Faculty of Computing, London Metropolitan University, UK [...]... University [LMU] In my Software Engineering modules for MSc students I needed (and need now) to clarify the place of Software Engineering in the context of Systems Engineering For that I had to study 4 Systems Engineering – Practice and Theory at least some theory of systems development and be familiar in detail with many Systems Engineering standards related to processes of Systems Engineering projects So,... Systems Engineering – Practice and Theory Older and newer ISO and IEEE standards and INCOSE materials may give a bit different definitions of what Systems Engineering is However, actually, they are about the same Systems Engineering: An interdisciplinary approach and means to enable the realisation of successful systems [INCOSE Handbook] Then we need to clarify what kinds of systems are meant: ‘System:... Systems Engineering ones (It is worth to note that nowadays more and more Systems Engineering standards are combined with Software Engineering ones because modern systems are ‘softwareintensive’ or ‘software-based’, Systems Engineering processes and Software Engineering ones are similar and practically no technical system exists without massive amount of software.) However, some ‘older’ IEEE standards... separation of Systems Engineering in a branch of engineering with its own methods, techniques, tools, rules etc that distinguished it from other engineering knowledge areas It is considered that the evolution of Systems Engineering began during the late 1950’s [INCOSE Handbook] Since the late 1960’s, Systems Engineering Standards were recognised as a separate group and corresponding ISO and IEEE standards... on Systems Engineering (INCOSE) was founded as a not-forprofit membership organisation to develop and disseminate the interdisciplinary principles and practices that enable the realisation of successful systems [INCOSE] As its mission, the organisation declared: ‘Share, promote and advance the best of systems engineering from across the globe for the benefit of humanity and the planet’ 2 Systems Engineering. .. with Systems Engineering theory Two ‘stages’ of my professional career: practice and theory , are the first reason for the title of the book The second reason (and really important one) is a bit ‘philosophical’ People develop systems using existing knowledge ( theory ) During a system’s development, then operation and maintenance, they better understand the processes that they have applied and used,... theory of the development (in Systems Engineering) Really, that time there were no ‘validated’ theory (process standards) available for the projects I was involved in (I am not saying that there were no theory in the country at all) However, as a matter of fact, I got my understanding if not Systems Engineering processes but at least what Systems Engineering is – from practice The next period of my life... The tool combines questionnaires for three main concepts: (1) Success in a systems engineering position, (2) An interest in systems engineering positions and (3) Capacity for engineering systems thinking (CEST); they are all interconnected and interrelated The will and interest to be a systems engineer basically means the desire and interest to be involved with job positions that require CEST In other... account, it seems absolutely valuable and interesting, both for pure methodological and more applicative aspects, to improve the conceptual design activities, specifically the aerospace systems conceptual design activities, in terms of accuracy and thoroughness of the results achieved 22 Systems Engineering – Practice and Theory Fig 6 Conceptual design relevance 2.2 Airplane systems conceptual design Unlike... conceptual design, i.e the definition of system architecture and the accomplishment of system sizing, in terms of weight, volume, performances and system cost estimation However, unlike the traditional approach to preliminary system sizing, avionics and onboard general systems, cannot be easily assessed through few and 24 Systems Engineering – Practice and Theory simple relationships It is worth remembering . best of systems engineering from across the globe for the benefit of humanity and the planet’. Systems Engineering – Practice and Theory 2 Older and newer ISO and IEEE standards and INCOSE. SYSTEMS ENGINEERING – PRACTICE AND THEORY Edited by Boris Cogan Systems Engineering – Practice and Theory Edited by Boris Cogan . Engineering – Practice and Theory 4 at least some theory of systems development and be familiar in detail with many Systems Engineering standards related to processes of Systems Engineering