Ebook Management Information Systems: Managing the digital firm (Thirteenth edition Global edition): Part 1

Ebook Management Information Systems: Managing the digital firm (Thirteenth edition Global edition): Part 1 presents the following content: Chapter 1: information systems in global business today; chapter 2: global ebusiness and collaboration; chapter 3: information systems, organizations, and strategy; chapter 4: ethical and social issues in information systems; chapter 5: IT Infrastructure and emerging technologies; chapter 6: foundations... 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the whip and snap of the curtains and the groan of a pic- ture on the wall Then there was a boom as Tom Buchanan shut the rear windows and the caught wind died out about the room and the curtains and the rugs and the two young women ballooned slowly to the floor The younger of the two was a stranger to me She was extended full length at her end of the divan, completely motionless and with her chin raised a little as if she were balancing something on it which was quite likely to fall If she saw me out of the corner of her eyes she gave no hint of it—indeed, I was almost surprised into murmuring an apol- ogy for having disturbed her by coming in The other girl, Daisy, made an attempt to rise—she leaned slightly forward with a conscientious expression— then she laughed, an absurd, charming little laugh, and I laughed too and came forward into the room ‘I’m p-paralyzed with happiness.’ She laughed again, as if she said something very witty, and held my hand for a moment, looking up into my face, promising that there was no one in the world she so much wanted to see That was a way she had She hinted in a mur- mur that the surname of the balancing girl was Baker (I’ve heard it said that Daisy’s murmur was only to make people lean toward her; an irrelevant criticism that made it no less charming.) At any rate Miss Baker’s lips fluttered, she imperceptibly and then quickly tipped her head back again—the object she was balancing had obviously tottered a little and given her something of a fright Again a sort of 12 The Great Gatsby apology arose to my lips Almost any exhibition of complete self sufficiency draws a stunned tribute from me I looked back at my cousin who began to ask me ques- tions in her low, thrilling voice It was the kind of voice that the ear follows up and down as if each speech is an arrange- ment of notes that will never be played again Her face was sad and lovely with bright things in it, bright eyes and a bright passionate mouth—but there was an excitement in her voice that men who had cared for her found difficult to forget: a singing compulsion, a whispered ‘Listen,’ a prom- ise that she had done gay, exciting things just a while since and that there were gay, exciting things hovering in the next hour I told her how I had stopped off in Chicago for a day on my way east and how a dozen people had sent their love through me ‘Do they miss me?’ she cried ecstatically ‘The whole town is desolate All the cars have the left rear wheel painted black as a mourning wreath and there’s a per- sistent wail all night along the North Shore.’ ‘How gorgeous! Let’s go back, Tom Tomorrow!’ Then she added irrelevantly, ‘You ought to see the baby.’ ‘I’d like to.’ ‘She’s asleep She’s two ever seen her?’ ‘Never.’ ‘Well, you ought to see her She’s——‘ Tom Buchanan who had been hovering restlessly about the room stopped and rested his hand on my shoulder Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 13 ‘What you doing, Nick?’ ‘I’m a bond man.’ ‘Who with?’ I told him ‘Never heard of them,’ he remarked decisively This annoyed me ‘You will,’ I answered shortly ‘You will if you stay in the East.’ ‘Oh, I’ll stay in the East, don’t you worry,’ he said, glanc- ing at Daisy and then back at me, as if he were alert for something more ‘I’d be a God Damned fool to live any- where else.’ At this point Miss Baker said ‘Absolutely!’ with such suddenness that I started—it was the first word she uttered since I came into the room Evidently it surprised her as much as it did me, for she yawned and with a series of rapid, deft movements stood up into the room ‘I’m stiff,’ she complained, ‘I’ve been lying on that sofa for as long as I can remember.’ ‘Don’t look at me,’ Daisy retorted ‘I’ve been trying to get you to New York all afternoon.’ ‘No, thanks,’ said Miss Baker to the four cocktails just in from the pantry, ‘I’m absolutely in training.’ Her host looked at her incredulously ‘You are!’ He took down his drink as if it were a drop in the bottom of a glass ‘How you ever get anything done is beyond me.’ I looked at Miss Baker wondering what it was she ‘got done.’ I enjoyed loo GLOBAL EDITION slender, small- 14 The Great Gatsby breasted girl, with an erect carriage which she accentuated by throwing her body backward at the shoulders like a young cadet Her grey sun-strained eyes looked back at me with polite reciprocal curiosity out of a wan, charming discon- tented face It occurred to me now that I had seen her, or a picture of her, somewhere before ‘You live in West Egg,’ she remarked contemptuously ‘I know somebody there.’ ‘I don’t know a single——‘ ‘You must know Gatsby.’ ‘Gatsby?’ demanded Daisy ‘What Gatsby?’ Before I could reply that he was my neighbor dinner was announced; wedging his tense arm imperatively un- der mine Tom Buchanan compelled me from the room as though he were moving a checker to another square Slenderly, languidly, their hands set lightly on their hips the two young women preceded us out onto a rosy-colored porch open toward the sunset where four candles flickered on the table in the diminished wind ‘Why CANDLES?’ objected Daisy, frowning She snapped them out with her fingers ‘In two weeks it’ll be the longest day in the year.’ She looked at us all radiantly ‘Do you always watch for the longest day of the year and then miss it? I always watch for the longest day in the year and then miss it.’ ‘We ought to plan something,’ yawned Miss Baker, sit- ting down at the table as if she were gett said Daisy ‘What’ll we plan?’ She turned to me helplessly ‘What people plan?’ Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 15 Before I could answer her eyes fastened with an awed ex- pression on her little finger ‘Look!’ she complained ‘I hurt it.’ We all looked—the knuckle was black and blue ‘You did it, Tom,’ she said accusingly ‘I know you didn’t mean to but you DID it That’s what I get for marrying a brute of a man, a great big hulking physical specimen of a——‘ ‘I hate that word hulking,’ objected Tom crossly, ‘even in kidding.’ ‘Hulking,’ insisted Daisy Sometimes she and Miss Baker talked at once, unobtru- sively and with a bantering inconsequence that was never quite chatter, that was as cool as their white dresses and their impersonal eyes in the absence of all desire They were here—and they accepted Tom and me, making only a po- lite pleasant effort to entertain or to be entertained They knew that presently dinner would be over and a little later the evening too would be over and casually put away It was sharply different from the West where an evening was hur- ried from phase to phase toward its close in a continually disappointed anticipation or else in sheer nervous dread of the moment itself ‘You make me feel uncivilized, Daisy,’ I confessed on my second glass of corky but rather impressive claret ‘Can’t you talk about crops or somethin particular by this remark but it was taken up in an unexpected way ‘Civilization’s going to pieces,’ broke out Tom violently 16 The Great Gatsby ‘I’ve gotten to be a terrible pessimist about things Have you read ‘The Rise of the Coloured Empires’ by this man God- dard?’ ‘Why, no,’ I answered, rather surprised by his tone ‘Well, it’s a fine book, and everybody ought to read it The idea is if we don’t look out the white race will be—will be ut- terly submerged It’s all scientific stuff; it’s been proved.’ ‘Tom’s getting very profound,’ said Daisy with an expres- sion of unthoughtful sadness ‘He reads deep books with long words in them What was that word we——‘ ‘Well, these books are all scientific,’ insisted Tom, glanc- ing at her impatiently ‘This fellow has worked out the whole thing It’s up to us who are the dominant race to watch out or these other races will have control of things.’ ‘We’ve got to beat them down,’ whispered Daisy, wink- ing ferociously toward the fervent sun ‘You ought to live in California—’ began Miss Baker but Tom interrupted her by shifting heavily in his chair ‘This idea is that we’re Nordics I am, and you are and you are and——’ After an infinitesimal hesitation he in- cluded Daisy with a slight nod and she winked at me again ‘—and we’ve produced all the things that go to make civili- zation—oh, science and art and all that Do you see?’ pathetic in his concentration as if his complacency, more acute than of old, was not enough to him any more When, almost immediately, the telephone rang inside and the butler left the porch Daisy seized upon the momentary interruption and leaned toward me ‘I’ll tell you a family secret,’ she whispered enthusiasti- Management Information Systems Managing the Digital Firm THIRTEENTH EDITION /IRRIXL'0EYHSRˆ.ERI40EYHSR the whip and snap of the curtains and the groan of a pic- ture on the wall Then there was a boom as Tom Buchanan shut the rear windows and the caught wind died out about the room and the curtains and the rugs and the two young women ballooned slowly to the floor The younger of the two was a stranger to me She was extended full length at her end of the divan, completely motionless and with her chin raised a little as if she were balancing something on it which was quite likely to fall If she saw me out of the corner of her eyes she gave no hint of it—indeed, I was almost surprised into murmuring an apol- ogy for having disturbed her by coming in The other girl, Daisy, made an attempt to rise—she leaned slightly forward with a conscientious expression— then she laughed, an absurd, charming little laugh, and I laughed too and came forward into the room ‘I’m p-paralyzed with happiness.’ She laughed again, as if she said something very witty, and held my hand for a moment, looking up into my face, promising that there was no one in the world she so much wanted to see That was a way she had She hinted in a mur- mur that the surname of the balancing girl was Baker (I’ve heard it said that Daisy’s murmur was only to make people lean toward her; an irrelevant criticism that made it no less charming.) At any rate Miss Baker’s lips fluttered, she imperceptibly and then quickly tipped her head back again—the object she was balancing had obviously tottered a little and given her something of a fright Again a sort of 12 The Great Gatsby apology arose to my lips Almost any exhibition of complete self sufficiency draws a stunned tribute from me I looked back at my cousin who began to ask me ques- tions in her low, thrilling voice It was the kind of voice that the ear follows up and down as if each speech is an arrange- ment of notes that will never be played again Her face was sad and lovely with bright things in it, bright eyes and a bright passionate mouth—but there was an excitement in her voice that men who had cared for her found difficult to forget: a singing compulsion, a whispered ‘Listen,’ a prom- ise that she had done gay, exciting things just a while since and that there were gay, exciting things hovering in the next hour I told her how I had stopped off in Chicago for a day on my way east and how a dozen people had sent their love through me ‘Do they miss me?’ she cried ecstatically ‘The whole town is desolate All the cars have the left rear wheel painted black as a mourning wreath and there’s a per- sistent wail all night along the North Shore.’ ‘How gorgeous! Let’s go back, Tom Tomorrow!’ Then she added irrelevantly, ‘You ought to see the baby.’ ‘I’d like to.’ ‘She’s asleep She’s two ever seen her?’ ‘Never.’ ‘Well, you ought to see her She’s——‘ Tom Buchanan who had been hovering restlessly about the room stopped and rested his hand on my shoulder Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 13 ‘What you doing, Nick?’ ‘I’m a bond man.’ ‘Who with?’ I told him ‘Never heard of them,’ he remarked decisively This annoyed me ‘You will,’ I answered shortly ‘You will if you stay in the East.’ ‘Oh, I’ll stay in the East, don’t you worry,’ he said, glanc- ing at Daisy and then back at me, as if he were alert for something more ‘I’d be a God Damned fool to live any- where else.’ At this point Miss Baker said ‘Absolutely!’ with such suddenness that I started—it was the first word she uttered since I came into the room Evidently it surprised her as much as it did me, for she yawned and with a series of rapid, deft movements stood up into the room ‘I’m stiff,’ she complained, ‘I’ve been lying on that sofa for as long as I can remember.’ ‘Don’t look at me,’ Daisy retorted ‘I’ve been trying to get you to New York all afternoon.’ ‘No, thanks,’ said Miss Baker to the four cocktails just in from the pantry, ‘I’m absolutely in training.’ Her host looked at her incredulously ‘You are!’ He took down his drink as if it were a drop in the bottom of a glass ‘How you ever get anything done is beyond me.’ I looked at Miss Baker wondering what it was she ‘got done.’ I enjoyed loo slender, small- 14 The Great Gatsby breasted girl, with an erect carriage which she accentuated by throwing her body backward at the shoulders like a young cadet Her grey sun-strained eyes looked back at me with polite reciprocal curiosity out of a wan, charming discon- tented face It occurred to me now that I had seen her, or a picture of her, somewhere before ‘You live in West Egg,’ she remarked contemptuously ‘I know somebody there.’ ‘I don’t know a single——‘ ‘You must know Gatsby.’ ‘Gatsby?’ demanded Daisy ‘What Gatsby?’ Before I could reply that he was my neighbor dinner was announced; wedging his tense arm imperatively un- der mine Tom Buchanan compelled me from the room as though he were moving a checker to another square Slenderly, languidly, their hands set lightly on their hips the two young women preceded us out onto a rosy-colored porch open toward the sunset where four candles flickered on the table in the diminished wind ‘Why CANDLES?’ objected Daisy, frowning She snapped them out with her fingers ‘In two weeks it’ll be the longest day in the year.’ She looked at us all radiantly ‘Do you always watch for the longest day of the year and then miss it? I always watch for the longest day in the year and then miss it.’ ‘We ought to plan something,’ yawned Miss Baker, sit- ting down at the table as if she were gett said Daisy ‘What’ll we plan?’ She turned to me helplessly ‘What people plan?’ Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 15 Before I could answer her eyes fastened with an awed ex- pression on her little finger ‘Look!’ she complained ‘I hurt it.’ We all looked—the knuckle was black and blue ‘You did it, Tom,’ she said accusingly ‘I know you didn’t mean to but you DID it That’s what I get for marrying a brute of a man, a great big hulking physical specimen of a——‘ ‘I hate that word hulking,’ objected Tom crossly, ‘even in kidding.’ ‘Hulking,’ insisted Daisy Sometimes she and Miss Baker talked at once, unobtru- sively and with a bantering inconsequence that was never quite chatter, that was as cool as their white dresses and their impersonal eyes in the absence of all desire They were here—and they accepted Tom and me, making only a po- lite pleasant effort to entertain or to be entertained They knew that presently dinner would be over and a little later the evening too would be over and casually put away It was sharply different from the West where an evening was hur- ried from phase to phase toward its close in a continually disappointed anticipation or else in sheer nervous dread of the moment itself ‘You make me feel uncivilized, Daisy,’ I confessed on my second glass of corky but rather impressive claret ‘Can’t you talk about crops or somethin particular by this remark but it was taken up in an unexpected way ‘Civilization’s going to pieces,’ broke out Tom violently 16 The Great Gatsby ‘I’ve gotten to be a terrible pessimist about things Have you read ‘The Rise of the Coloured Empires’ by this man God- dard?’ ‘Why, no,’ I answered, rather surprised by his tone ‘Well, it’s a fine book, and everybody ought to read it The idea is if we don’t look out the white race will be—will be ut- terly submerged It’s all scientific stuff; it’s been proved.’ ‘Tom’s getting very profound,’ said Daisy with an expres- sion of unthoughtful sadness ‘He reads deep books with long words in them What was that word we——‘ ‘Well, these books are all scientific,’ insisted Tom, glanc- ing at her impatiently ‘This fellow has worked out the whole thing It’s up to us who are the dominant race to watch out or these other races will have control of things.’ ‘We’ve got to beat them down,’ whispered Daisy, wink- ing ferociously toward the fervent sun ‘You ought to live in California—’ began Miss Baker but Tom interrupted her by shifting heavily in his chair ‘This idea is that we’re Nordics I am, and you are and you are and——’ After an infinitesimal hesitation he in- cluded Daisy with a slight nod and she winked at me again ‘—and we’ve produced all the things that go to make civili- zation—oh, science and art and all that Do you see?’ pathetic in his concentration as if his complacency, more acute than of old, was not enough to him any more When, almost immediately, the telephone rang inside and the butler left the porch Daisy seized upon the momentary interruption and leaned toward me ‘I’ll tell you a family secret,’ she whispered enthusiasti- Management Information Systems MANAGING THE DIGITAL FIRM THIRTEENTH EDITION GLOBAL EDITION Kenneth C Laudon New York University Jane P Laudon Azimuth Information Systems Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo the whip and snap of the curtains and the groan of a pic- ture on the wall Then there was a boom as Tom Buchanan shut the rear windows and the caught wind died out about the room and the curtains and the rugs and the two young women ballooned slowly to the floor The younger of the two was a stranger to me She was extended full length at her end of the divan, completely motionless and with her chin raised a little as if she were balancing something on it which was quite likely to fall If she saw me out of the corner of her eyes she gave no hint of it—indeed, I was almost surprised into murmuring an apol- ogy for having disturbed her by coming in The other girl, Daisy, made an attempt to rise—she leaned slightly forward with a conscientious expression— then she laughed, an absurd, charming little laugh, and I laughed too and came forward into the room ‘I’m p-paralyzed with happiness.’ She laughed again, as if she said something very witty, and held my hand for a moment, looking up into my face, promising that there was no one in the world she so much wanted to see That was a way she had She hinted in a mur- mur that the surname of the balancing girl was Baker (I’ve heard it said that Daisy’s murmur was only to make people lean toward her; an irrelevant criticism that made it no less charming.) At any rate Miss Baker’s lips fluttered, she imperceptibly and then quickly tipped her head back again—the object she was balancing had obviously tottered a little and given her something of a fright Again a sort of 12 The Great Gatsby apology arose to my lips Almost any exhibition of complete self sufficiency draws a stunned tribute from me I looked back at my cousin who began to ask me ques- tions in her low, thrilling voice It was the kind of voice that the ear follows up and down as if each speech is an arrange- ment of notes that will never be played again Her face was sad and lovely with bright things in it, bright eyes and a bright passionate mouth—but there was an excitement in her voice that men who had cared for her found difficult to forget: a singing compulsion, a whispered ‘Listen,’ a prom- ise that she had done gay, exciting things just a while since and that there were gay, exciting things hovering in the next hour I told her how I had stopped off in Chicago for a day on my way east and how a dozen people had sent their love through me ‘Do they miss me?’ she cried ecstatically ‘The whole town is desolate All the cars have the left rear wheel painted black as a mourning wreath and there’s a per- sistent wail all night along the North Shore.’ ‘How gorgeous! Let’s go back, Tom Tomorrow!’ Then she added irrelevantly, ‘You ought to see the baby.’ ‘I’d like to.’ ‘She’s asleep She’s two ever seen her?’ ‘Never.’ ‘Well, you ought to see her She’s——‘ Tom Buchanan who had been hovering restlessly about the room stopped and rested his hand on my shoulder Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 13 ‘What you doing, Nick?’ ‘I’m a bond man.’ ‘Who with?’ I told him ‘Never heard of them,’ he remarked decisively This annoyed me ‘You will,’ I answered shortly ‘You will if you stay in the East.’ ‘Oh, I’ll stay in the East, don’t you worry,’ he said, glanc- ing at Daisy and then back at me, as if he were alert for something more ‘I’d be a God Damned fool to live any- where else.’ At this point Miss Baker said ‘Absolutely!’ with such suddenness that I started—it was the first word she uttered since I came into the room Evidently it surprised her as much as it did me, for she yawned and with a series of rapid, deft movements stood up into the room ‘I’m stiff,’ she complained, ‘I’ve been lying on that sofa for as long as I can remember.’ ‘Don’t look at me,’ Daisy retorted ‘I’ve been trying to get you to New York all afternoon.’ ‘No, thanks,’ said Miss Baker to the four cocktails just in from the pantry, ‘I’m absolutely in training.’ Her host looked at her incredulously ‘You are!’ He took down his drink as if it were a drop in the bottom of a glass ‘How you ever get anything done is beyond me.’ I looked at Miss Baker wondering what it was she ‘got done.’ I enjoyed loo slender, small- 14 The Great Gatsby breasted girl, with an erect carriage which she accentuated by throwing her body backward at the shoulders like a young cadet Her grey sun-strained eyes looked back at me with polite reciprocal curiosity out of a wan, charming discon- tented face It occurred to me now that I had seen her, or a picture of her, somewhere before ‘You live in West Egg,’ she remarked contemptuously ‘I know somebody there.’ ‘I don’t know a single——‘ ‘You must know Gatsby.’ ‘Gatsby?’ demanded Daisy ‘What Gatsby?’ Before I could reply that he was my neighbor dinner was announced; wedging his tense arm imperatively un- der mine Tom Buchanan compelled me from the room as though he were moving a checker to another square Slenderly, languidly, their hands set lightly on their hips the two young women preceded us out onto a rosy-colored porch open toward the sunset where four candles flickered on the table in the diminished wind ‘Why CANDLES?’ objected Daisy, frowning She snapped them out with her fingers ‘In two weeks it’ll be the longest day in the year.’ She looked at us all radiantly ‘Do you always watch for the longest day of the year and then miss it? I always watch for the longest day in the year and then miss it.’ ‘We ought to plan something,’ yawned Miss Baker, sit- ting down at the table as if she were gett said Daisy ‘What’ll we plan?’ She turned to me helplessly ‘What people plan?’ Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 15 Before I could answer her eyes fastened with an awed ex- pression on her little finger ‘Look!’ she complained ‘I hurt it.’ We all looked—the knuckle was black and blue ‘You did it, Tom,’ she said accusingly ‘I know you didn’t mean to but you DID it That’s what I get for marrying a brute of a man, a great big hulking physical specimen of a——‘ ‘I hate that word hulking,’ objected Tom crossly, ‘even in kidding.’ ‘Hulking,’ insisted Daisy Sometimes she and Miss Baker talked at once, unobtru- sively and with a bantering inconsequence that was never quite chatter, that was as cool as their white dresses and their impersonal eyes in the absence of all desire They were here—and they accepted Tom and me, making only a po- lite pleasant effort to entertain or to be entertained They knew that presently dinner would be over and a little later the evening too would be over and casually put away It was sharply different from the West where an evening was hur- ried from phase to phase toward its close in a continually disappointed anticipation or else in sheer nervous dread of the moment itself ‘You make me feel uncivilized, Daisy,’ I confessed on my second glass of corky but rather impressive claret ‘Can’t you talk about crops or somethin particular by this remark but it was taken up in an unexpected way ‘Civilization’s going to pieces,’ broke out Tom violently 16 The Great Gatsby ‘I’ve gotten to be a terrible pessimist about things Have you read ‘The Rise of the Coloured Empires’ by this man God- dard?’ ‘Why, no,’ I answered, rather surprised by his tone ‘Well, it’s a fine book, and everybody ought to read it The idea is if we don’t look out the white race will be—will be ut- terly submerged It’s all scientific stuff; it’s been proved.’ ‘Tom’s getting very profound,’ said Daisy with an expres- sion of unthoughtful sadness ‘He reads deep books with long words in them What was that word we——‘ ‘Well, these books are all scientific,’ insisted Tom, glanc- ing at her impatiently ‘This fellow has worked out the whole thing It’s up to us who are the dominant race to watch out or these other races will have control of things.’ ‘We’ve got to beat them down,’ whispered Daisy, wink- ing ferociously toward the fervent sun ‘You ought to live in California—’ began Miss Baker but Tom interrupted her by shifting heavily in his chair ‘This idea is that we’re Nordics I am, and you are and you are and——’ After an infinitesimal hesitation he in- cluded Daisy with a slight nod and she winked at me again ‘—and we’ve produced all the things that go to make civili- zation—oh, science and art and all that Do you see?’ Editor in Chief: Stephanie Wall Executive Editor: Bob Horan Editorial Assistant: Ashlee Bradbury International Publisher: Laura Dent International Programme Editor: Leandra Paoli Director of Marketing: Maggie Moylan Executive Marketing Manager: Anne Fahlgren International Marketing Manager: Dean Erasmus Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale pathetic in his concentration as if his complacency, more acute than of old, was not enough to him any more When, almost immediately, the telephone rang inside and the butler left the porch Daisy seized upon the momentary interruption and leaned toward me ‘I’ll tell you a family secret,’ she whispered enthusiasti- Senior Production Project Manager: Karalyn Holland Senior Manufacturing Controller, Production, International: Trudy Kimber Creative Director: Blair Brown Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Cover Designer: Jodi Notowitz Cover Image: Marco Rosario Venturini Autieri/Getty Media Editor: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Azimuth Interactive, Inc Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate Harlow Essex CM20 2JE England and Associated Companies throughout the world Visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearson.com/uk © Pearson Education Limited 2014 The rights of Kenneth C Laudon and Jane P Laudon to be identified as authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 Authorised adaptation from the United States edition, entitled Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm, 13th Edition, ISBN: 978-0-13-305069-1 by Kenneth C Laudon and Jane P Laudon, published by Pearson Education © 2014 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without either the prior written permission of the publisher or a licence permitting restricted copying in the United Kingdom issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 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text ISBN 13: 978-0-273-78997-0 ISBN 10: 0-273-78997-X British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library 10 17 16 15 14 13 Typeset in 10.5/13 ITC Veljovic Std Book by Azimuth Interactive, Inc Printed and bound by Courier/Kendallville in The United States of America The publisher's policy is to use paper manufactured from sustainable forests the whip and snap of the curtains and the groan of a pic- ture on the wall Then there was a boom as Tom Buchanan shut the rear windows and the caught wind died out about the room and the curtains and the rugs and the two young women ballooned slowly to the floor The younger of the two was a stranger to me She was extended full length at her end of the divan, completely motionless and with her chin raised a little as if she were balancing something on it which was quite likely to fall If she saw me out of the corner of her eyes she gave no hint of it—indeed, I was almost surprised into murmuring an apol- ogy for having disturbed her by coming in The other girl, Daisy, made an attempt to rise—she leaned slightly forward with a conscientious expression— then she laughed, an absurd, charming little laugh, and I laughed too and came forward into the room ‘I’m p-paralyzed with happiness.’ She laughed again, as if she said something very witty, and held my hand for a moment, looking up into my face, promising that there was no one in the world she so much wanted to see That was a way she had She hinted in a mur- mur that the surname of the balancing girl was Baker (I’ve heard it said that Daisy’s murmur was only to make people lean toward her; an irrelevant criticism that made it no less charming.) At any rate Miss Baker’s lips fluttered, she imperceptibly and then quickly tipped her head back again—the object she was balancing had obviously tottered a little and given her something of a fright Again a sort of 12 The Great Gatsby apology arose to my lips Almost any exhibition of complete self sufficiency draws a stunned tribute from me I looked back at my cousin who began to ask me ques- tions in her low, thrilling voice It was the kind of voice that the ear follows up and down as if each speech is an arrange- ment of notes that will never be played again Her face was sad and lovely with bright things in it, bright eyes and a bright passionate mouth—but there was an excitement in her voice that men who had cared for her found difficult to forget: a singing compulsion, a whispered ‘Listen,’ a prom- ise that she had done gay, exciting things just a while since and that there were gay, exciting things hovering in the next hour I told her how I had stopped off in Chicago for a day on my way east and how a dozen people had sent their love through me ‘Do they miss me?’ she cried ecstatically ‘The whole town is desolate All the cars have the left rear wheel painted black as a mourning wreath and there’s a per- sistent wail all night along the North Shore.’ ‘How gorgeous! Let’s go back, Tom Tomorrow!’ Then she added irrelevantly, ‘You ought to see the baby.’ ‘I’d like to.’ ‘She’s asleep She’s two ever seen her?’ ‘Never.’ ‘Well, you ought to see her She’s——‘ Tom Buchanan who had been hovering restlessly about the room stopped and rested his hand on my shoulder Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 13 ‘What you doing, Nick?’ ‘I’m a bond man.’ ‘Who with?’ I told him ‘Never heard of them,’ he remarked decisively This annoyed me ‘You will,’ I answered shortly ‘You will if you stay in the East.’ ‘Oh, I’ll stay in the East, don’t you worry,’ he said, glanc- ing at Daisy and then back at me, as if he were alert for something more ‘I’d be a God Damned fool to live any- where else.’ At this point Miss Baker said ‘Absolutely!’ with such suddenness that I started—it was the first word she uttered since I came into the room Evidently it surprised her as much as it did me, for she yawned and with a series of rapid, deft movements stood up into the room ‘I’m stiff,’ she complained, ‘I’ve been lying on that sofa for as long as I can remember.’ ‘Don’t look at me,’ Daisy retorted ‘I’ve been trying to get you to New York all afternoon.’ ‘No, thanks,’ said Miss Baker to the four cocktails just in from the pantry, ‘I’m absolutely in training.’ Her host looked at her incredulously ‘You are!’ He took down his drink as if it were a drop in the bottom of a glass ‘How you ever get anything done is beyond me.’ I looked at Miss Baker wondering what it was she ‘got done.’ I enjoyed loo slender, small- 14 The Great Gatsby breasted girl, with an erect carriage which she accentuated by throwing her body backward at the shoulders like a young cadet Her grey sun-strained eyes looked back at me with polite reciprocal curiosity out of a wan, charming discon- tented face It occurred to me now that I had seen her, or a picture of her, somewhere before ‘You live in West Egg,’ she remarked contemptuously ‘I know somebody there.’ ‘I don’t know a single——‘ ‘You must know Gatsby.’ ‘Gatsby?’ demanded Daisy ‘What Gatsby?’ Before I could reply that he was my neighbor dinner was announced; wedging his tense arm imperatively un- der mine Tom Buchanan compelled me from the room as though he were moving a checker to another square Slenderly, languidly, their hands set lightly on their hips the two young women preceded us out onto a rosy-colored porch open toward the sunset where four candles flickered on the table in the diminished wind ‘Why CANDLES?’ objected Daisy, frowning She snapped them out with her fingers ‘In two weeks it’ll be the longest day in the year.’ She looked at us all radiantly ‘Do you always watch for the longest day of the year and then miss it? I always watch for the longest day in the year and then miss it.’ ‘We ought to plan something,’ yawned Miss Baker, sit- ting down at the table as if she were gett said Daisy ‘What’ll we plan?’ She turned to me helplessly ‘What people plan?’ Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 15 Before I could answer her eyes fastened with an awed ex- pression on her little finger ‘Look!’ she complained ‘I hurt it.’ We all looked—the knuckle was black and blue ‘You did it, Tom,’ she said accusingly ‘I know you didn’t mean to but you DID it That’s what I get for marrying a brute of a man, a great big hulking physical specimen of a——‘ ‘I hate that word hulking,’ objected Tom crossly, ‘even in kidding.’ ‘Hulking,’ insisted Daisy Sometimes she and Miss Baker talked at once, unobtru- sively and with a bantering inconsequence that was never quite chatter, that was as cool as their white dresses and their impersonal eyes in the absence of all desire They were here—and they accepted Tom and me, making only a po- lite pleasant effort to entertain or to be entertained They knew that presently dinner would be over and a little later the evening too would be over and casually put away It was sharply different from the West where an evening was hur- ried from phase to phase toward its close in a continually disappointed anticipation or else in sheer nervous dread of the moment itself ‘You make me feel uncivilized, Daisy,’ I confessed on my second glass of corky but rather impressive claret ‘Can’t you talk about crops or somethin particular by this remark but it was taken up in an unexpected way ‘Civilization’s going to pieces,’ broke out Tom violently 16 The Great Gatsby ‘I’ve gotten to be a terrible pessimist about things Have you read ‘The Rise of the Coloured Empires’ by this man God- dard?’ ‘Why, no,’ I answered, rather surprised by his tone ‘Well, it’s a fine book, and everybody ought to read it The idea is if we don’t look out the white race will be—will be ut- terly submerged It’s all scientific stuff; it’s been proved.’ ‘Tom’s getting very profound,’ said Daisy with an expres- sion of unthoughtful sadness ‘He reads deep books with long words in them What was that word we——‘ ‘Well, these books are all scientific,’ insisted Tom, glanc- ing at her impatiently ‘This fellow has worked out the whole thing It’s up to us who are the dominant race to watch out or these other races will have control of things.’ ‘We’ve got to beat them down,’ whispered Daisy, wink- ing ferociously toward the fervent sun ‘You ought to live in California—’ began Miss Baker but Tom interrupted her by shifting heavily in his chair ‘This idea is that we’re Nordics I am, and you are and you are and——’ After an infinitesimal hesitation he in- cluded Daisy with a slight nod and she winked at me again ‘—and we’ve produced all the things that go to make civili- zation—oh, science and art and all that Do you see?’ About the Authors pathetic in his concentration as if his complacency, more acute than of old, was not enough to him any more When, almost immediately, the telephone rang inside and the butler left the porch Daisy seized upon the momentary interruption and leaned toward me ‘I’ll tell you a family secret,’ she whispered enthusiasti- Kenneth C Laudon is a Professor of Information Systems at New York University’s Stern School of Business He holds a B.A in Economics from Stanford and a Ph.D from Columbia University He has authored twelve books dealing with electronic commerce, information systems, organizations, and society Professor Laudon has also written over forty articles concerned with the social, organizational, and management impacts of information systems, privacy, ethics, and multimedia technology Professor Laudon’s current research is on the planning and management of large-scale information systems and multimedia information technology He has received grants from the National Science Foundation to study the evolution of national information systems at the Social Security Administration, the IRS, and the FBI Ken’s research focuses on enterprise system implementation, computer-related organizational and occupational changes in large organizations, changes in management ideology, changes in public policy, and understanding productivity change in the knowledge sector Ken Laudon has testified as an expert before the United States Congress He has been a researcher and consultant to the Office of Technology Assessment (United States Congress), Department of Homeland Security, and to the Office of the President, several executive branch agencies, and Congressional Committees Professor Laudon also acts as an in-house educator for several consulting firms and as a consultant on systems planning and strategy to several Fortune 500 firms At NYU’s Stern School of Business, Ken Laudon teaches courses on Managing the Digital Firm, Information Technology and Corporate Strategy, Professional Responsibility (Ethics), and Electronic Commerce and Digital Markets Ken Laudon’s hobby is sailing Jane Price Laudon is a management consultant in the information systems area and the author of seven books Her special interests include systems analysis, data management, MIS auditing, software evaluation, and teaching business professionals how to design and use information systems Jane received her Ph.D from Columbia University, her M.A from Harvard University, and her B.A from Barnard College She has taught at Columbia University and the New York University Graduate School of Business She maintains a lifelong interest in Oriental languages and civilizations The Laudons have two daughters, Erica and Elisabeth, to whom this book is dedicated the whip and snap of the curtains and the groan of a pic- ture on the wall Then there was a boom as Tom Buchanan shut the rear windows and the caught wind died out about the room and the curtains and the rugs and the two young women ballooned slowly to the floor The younger of the two was a stranger to me She was extended full length at her end of the divan, completely motionless and with her chin raised a little as if she were balancing something on it which was quite likely to fall If she saw me out of the corner of her eyes she gave no hint of it—indeed, I was almost surprised into murmuring an apol- ogy for having disturbed her by coming in The other girl, Daisy, made an attempt to rise—she leaned slightly forward with a conscientious expression— then she laughed, an absurd, charming little laugh, and I laughed too and came forward into the room ‘I’m p-paralyzed with happiness.’ She laughed again, as if she said something very witty, and held my hand for a moment, looking up into my face, promising that there was no one in the world she so much wanted to see That was a way she had She hinted in a mur- mur that the surname of the balancing girl was Baker (I’ve heard it said that Daisy’s murmur was only to make people lean toward her; an irrelevant criticism that made it no less charming.) At any rate Miss Baker’s lips fluttered, she imperceptibly and then quickly tipped her head back again—the object she was balancing had obviously tottered a little and given her something of a fright Again a sort of 12 The Great Gatsby apology arose to my lips Almost any exhibition of complete self sufficiency draws a stunned tribute from me I looked back at my cousin who began to ask me ques- tions in her low, thrilling voice It was the kind of voice that the ear follows up and down as if each speech is an arrange- ment of notes that will never be played again Her face was sad and lovely with bright things in it, bright eyes and a bright passionate mouth—but there was an excitement in her voice that men who had cared for her found difficult to forget: a singing compulsion, a whispered ‘Listen,’ a prom- ise that she had done gay, exciting things just a while since and that there were gay, exciting things hovering in the next hour I told her how I had stopped off in Chicago for a day on my way east and how a dozen people had sent their love through me ‘Do they miss me?’ she cried ecstatically ‘The whole town is desolate All the cars have the left rear wheel painted black as a mourning wreath and there’s a per- sistent wail all night along the North Shore.’ ‘How gorgeous! Let’s go back, Tom Tomorrow!’ Then she added irrelevantly, ‘You ought to see the baby.’ ‘I’d like to.’ ‘She’s asleep She’s two ever seen her?’ ‘Never.’ ‘Well, you ought to see her She’s——‘ Tom Buchanan who had been hovering restlessly about the room stopped and rested his hand on my shoulder Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 13 ‘What you doing, Nick?’ ‘I’m a bond man.’ ‘Who with?’ I told him ‘Never heard of them,’ he remarked decisively This annoyed me ‘You will,’ I answered shortly ‘You will if you stay in the East.’ ‘Oh, I’ll stay in the East, don’t you worry,’ he said, glanc- ing at Daisy and then back at me, as if he were alert for something more ‘I’d be a God Damned fool to live any- where else.’ At this point Miss Baker said ‘Absolutely!’ with such suddenness that I started—it was the first word she uttered since I came into the room Evidently it surprised her as much as it did me, for she yawned and with a series of rapid, deft movements stood up into the room ‘I’m stiff,’ she complained, ‘I’ve been lying on that sofa for as long as I can remember.’ ‘Don’t look at me,’ Daisy retorted ‘I’ve been trying to get you to New York all afternoon.’ ‘No, thanks,’ said Miss Baker to the four cocktails just in from the pantry, ‘I’m absolutely in training.’ Her host looked at her incredulously ‘You are!’ He took down his drink as if it were a drop in the bottom of a glass ‘How you ever get anything done is beyond me.’ I looked at Miss Baker wondering what it was she ‘got done.’ I enjoyed loo slender, small- 14 The Great Gatsby breasted girl, with an erect carriage which she accentuated by throwing her body backward at the shoulders like a young cadet Her grey sun-strained eyes looked back at me with polite reciprocal curiosity out of a wan, charming discon- tented face It occurred to me now that I had seen her, or a picture of her, somewhere before ‘You live in West Egg,’ she remarked contemptuously ‘I know somebody there.’ ‘I don’t know a single——‘ ‘You must know Gatsby.’ ‘Gatsby?’ demanded Daisy ‘What Gatsby?’ Before I could reply that he was my neighbor dinner was announced; wedging his tense arm imperatively un- der mine Tom Buchanan compelled me from the room as though he were moving a checker to another square Slenderly, languidly, their hands set lightly on their hips the two young women preceded us out onto a rosy-colored porch open toward the sunset where four candles flickered on the table in the diminished wind ‘Why CANDLES?’ objected Daisy, frowning She snapped them out with her fingers ‘In two weeks it’ll be the longest day in the year.’ She looked at us all radiantly ‘Do you always watch for the longest day of the year and then miss it? I always watch for the longest day in the year and then miss it.’ ‘We ought to plan something,’ yawned Miss Baker, sit- ting down at the table as if she were gett said Daisy ‘What’ll we plan?’ She turned to me helplessly ‘What people plan?’ Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 15 Before I could answer her eyes fastened with an awed ex- pression on her little finger ‘Look!’ she complained ‘I hurt it.’ We all looked—the knuckle was black and blue ‘You did it, Tom,’ she said accusingly ‘I know you didn’t mean to but you DID it That’s what I get for marrying a brute of a man, a great big hulking physical specimen of a——‘ ‘I hate that word hulking,’ objected Tom crossly, ‘even in kidding.’ ‘Hulking,’ insisted Daisy Sometimes she and Miss Baker talked at once, unobtru- sively and with a bantering inconsequence that was never quite chatter, that was as cool as their white dresses and their impersonal eyes in the absence of all desire They were here—and they accepted Tom and me, making only a po- lite pleasant effort to entertain or to be entertained They knew that presently dinner would be over and a little later the evening too would be over and casually put away It was sharply different from the West where an evening was hur- ried from phase to phase toward its close in a continually disappointed anticipation or else in sheer nervous dread of the moment itself ‘You make me feel uncivilized, Daisy,’ I confessed on my second glass of corky but rather impressive claret ‘Can’t you talk about crops or somethin particular by this remark but it was taken up in an unexpected way ‘Civilization’s going to pieces,’ broke out Tom violently 16 The Great Gatsby ‘I’ve gotten to be a terrible pessimist about things Have you read ‘The Rise of the Coloured Empires’ by this man God- dard?’ ‘Why, no,’ I answered, rather surprised by his tone ‘Well, it’s a fine book, and everybody ought to read it The idea is if we don’t look out the white race will be—will be ut- terly submerged It’s all scientific stuff; it’s been proved.’ ‘Tom’s getting very profound,’ said Daisy with an expres- sion of unthoughtful sadness ‘He reads deep books with long words in them What was that word we——‘ ‘Well, these books are all scientific,’ insisted Tom, glanc- ing at her impatiently ‘This fellow has worked out the whole thing It’s up to us who are the dominant race to watch out or these other races will have control of things.’ ‘We’ve got to beat them down,’ whispered Daisy, wink- ing ferociously toward the fervent sun ‘You ought to live in California—’ began Miss Baker but Tom interrupted her by shifting heavily in his chair ‘This idea is that we’re Nordics I am, and you are and you are and——’ After an infinitesimal hesitation he in- cluded Daisy with a slight nod and she winked at me again ‘—and we’ve produced all the things that go to make civili- zation—oh, science and art and all that Do you see?’ Brief Contents pathetic in his concentration as if his complacency, more acute than of old, was not enough to him any more When, almost immediately, the telephone rang inside and the butler left the porch Daisy seized upon the momentary interruption and leaned toward me ‘I’ll tell you a family secret,’ she whispered enthusiasti- Part One Organizations, Management, and the Networked Enterprise 31 Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Information Systems in Global Business Today 32 Part Two Information Technology Infrastructure 191 Chapter Chapter IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies 192 Chapter Chapter Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology 276 Part Three Key System Applications for the Digital Age 365 Chapter Achieving Operational Excellence and Customer Intimacy: Enterprise Applications 366 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 E-Commerce: Digital Markets, Digital Goods 400 Part Four Building and Managing Systems 515 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Building Information Systems 516 Global E-Business and Collaboration 70 Information Systems, Organizations, and Strategy 108 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems 150 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases and Information Management 238 Securing Information Systems 322 Managing Knowledge 446 Enhancing Decision Making 482 Managing Projects 556 Managing Global Systems 590 (available on the Web at www.pearsonglobaleditions.com/laudon) References 591 Glossary 607 Indexes 621 the whip and snap of the curtains and the groan of a pic- ture on the wall Then there was a boom as Tom Buchanan shut the rear windows and the caught wind died out about the room and the curtains and the rugs and the two young women ballooned slowly to the floor The younger of the two was a stranger to me She was extended full length at her end of the divan, completely motionless and with her chin raised a little as if she were balancing something on it which was quite likely to fall If she saw me out of the corner of her eyes she gave no hint of it—indeed, I was almost surprised into murmuring an apol- ogy for having disturbed her by coming in The other girl, Daisy, made an attempt to rise—she leaned slightly forward with a conscientious expression— then she laughed, an absurd, charming little laugh, and I laughed too and came forward into the room ‘I’m p-paralyzed with happiness.’ She laughed again, as if she said something very witty, and held my hand for a moment, looking up into my face, promising that there was no one in the world she so much wanted to see That was a way she had She hinted in a mur- mur that the surname of the balancing girl was Baker (I’ve heard it said that Daisy’s murmur was only to make people lean toward her; an irrelevant criticism that made it no less charming.) At any rate Miss Baker’s lips fluttered, she imperceptibly and then quickly tipped her head back again—the object she was balancing had obviously tottered a little and given her something of a fright Again a sort of 12 The Great Gatsby apology arose to my lips Almost any exhibition of complete self sufficiency draws a stunned tribute from me I looked back at my cousin who began to ask me ques- tions in her low, thrilling voice It was the kind of voice that the ear follows up and down as if each speech is an arrange- ment of notes that will never be played again Her face was sad and lovely with bright things in it, bright eyes and a bright passionate mouth—but there was an excitement in her voice that men who had cared for her found difficult to forget: a singing compulsion, a whispered ‘Listen,’ a prom- ise that she had done gay, exciting things just a while since and that there were gay, exciting things hovering in the next hour I told her how I had stopped off in Chicago for a day on my way east and how a dozen people had sent their love through me ‘Do they miss me?’ she cried ecstatically ‘The whole town is desolate All the cars have the left rear wheel painted black as a mourning wreath and there’s a per- sistent wail all night along the North Shore.’ ‘How gorgeous! Let’s go back, Tom Tomorrow!’ Then she added irrelevantly, ‘You ought to see the baby.’ ‘I’d like to.’ ‘She’s asleep She’s two ever seen her?’ ‘Never.’ ‘Well, you ought to see her She’s——‘ Tom Buchanan who had been hovering restlessly about the room stopped and rested his hand on my shoulder Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 13 ‘What you doing, Nick?’ ‘I’m a bond man.’ ‘Who with?’ I told him ‘Never heard of them,’ he remarked decisively This annoyed me ‘You will,’ I answered shortly ‘You will if you stay in the East.’ ‘Oh, I’ll stay in the East, don’t you worry,’ he said, glanc- ing at Daisy and then back at me, as if he were alert for something more ‘I’d be a God Damned fool to live any- where else.’ At this point Miss Baker said ‘Absolutely!’ with such suddenness that I started—it was the first word she uttered since I came into the room Evidently it surprised her as much as it did me, for she yawned and with a series of rapid, deft movements stood up into the room ‘I’m stiff,’ she complained, ‘I’ve been lying on that sofa for as long as I can remember.’ ‘Don’t look at me,’ Daisy retorted ‘I’ve been trying to get you to New York all afternoon.’ ‘No, thanks,’ said Miss Baker to the four cocktails just in from the pantry, ‘I’m absolutely in training.’ Her host looked at her incredulously ‘You are!’ He took down his drink as if it were a drop in the bottom of a glass ‘How you ever get anything done is beyond me.’ I looked at Miss Baker wondering what it was she ‘got done.’ I enjoyed loo slender, small- 14 The Great Gatsby breasted girl, with an erect carriage which she accentuated by throwing her body backward at the shoulders like a young cadet Her grey sun-strained eyes looked back at me with polite reciprocal curiosity out of a wan, charming discon- tented face It occurred to me now that I had seen her, or a picture of her, somewhere before ‘You live in West Egg,’ she remarked contemptuously ‘I know somebody there.’ ‘I don’t know a single——‘ ‘You must know Gatsby.’ ‘Gatsby?’ demanded Daisy ‘What Gatsby?’ Before I could reply that he was my neighbor dinner was announced; wedging his tense arm imperatively un- der mine Tom Buchanan compelled me from the room as though he were moving a checker to another square Slenderly, languidly, their hands set lightly on their hips the two young women preceded us out onto a rosy-colored porch open toward the sunset where four candles flickered on the table in the diminished wind ‘Why CANDLES?’ objected Daisy, frowning She snapped them out with her fingers ‘In two weeks it’ll be the longest day in the year.’ She looked at us all radiantly ‘Do you always watch for the longest day of the year and then miss it? I always watch for the longest day in the year and then miss it.’ ‘We ought to plan something,’ yawned Miss Baker, sit- ting down at the table as if she were gett said Daisy ‘What’ll we plan?’ She turned to me helplessly ‘What people plan?’ Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 15 Before I could answer her eyes fastened with an awed ex- pression on her little finger ‘Look!’ she complained ‘I hurt it.’ We all looked—the knuckle was black and blue ‘You did it, Tom,’ she said accusingly ‘I know you didn’t mean to but you DID it That’s what I get for marrying a brute of a man, a great big hulking physical specimen of a——‘ ‘I hate that word hulking,’ objected Tom crossly, ‘even in kidding.’ ‘Hulking,’ insisted Daisy Sometimes she and Miss Baker talked at once, unobtru- sively and with a bantering inconsequence that was never quite chatter, that was as cool as their white dresses and their impersonal eyes in the absence of all desire They were here—and they accepted Tom and me, making only a po- lite pleasant effort to entertain or to be entertained They knew that presently dinner would be over and a little later the evening too would be over and casually put away It was sharply different from the West where an evening was hur- ried from phase to phase toward its close in a continually disappointed anticipation or else in sheer nervous dread of the moment itself ‘You make me feel uncivilized, Daisy,’ I confessed on my second glass of corky but rather impressive claret ‘Can’t you talk about crops or somethin particular by this remark but it was taken up in an unexpected way ‘Civilization’s going to pieces,’ broke out Tom violently 16 The Great Gatsby ‘I’ve gotten to be a terrible pessimist about things Have you read ‘The Rise of the Coloured Empires’ by this man God- dard?’ ‘Why, no,’ I answered, rather surprised by his tone ‘Well, it’s a fine book, and everybody ought to read it The idea is if we don’t look out the white race will be—will be ut- terly submerged It’s all scientific stuff; it’s been proved.’ ‘Tom’s getting very profound,’ said Daisy with an expres- sion of unthoughtful sadness ‘He reads deep books with long words in them What was that word we——‘ ‘Well, these books are all scientific,’ insisted Tom, glanc- ing at her impatiently ‘This fellow has worked out the whole thing It’s up to us who are the dominant race to watch out or these other races will have control of things.’ ‘We’ve got to beat them down,’ whispered Daisy, wink- ing ferociously toward the fervent sun ‘You ought to live in California—’ began Miss Baker but Tom interrupted her by shifting heavily in his chair ‘This idea is that we’re Nordics I am, and you are and you are and——’ After an infinitesimal hesitation he in- cluded Daisy with a slight nod and she winked at me again ‘—and we’ve produced all the things that go to make civili- zation—oh, science and art and all that Do you see?’ Complete Contents pathetic in his concentration as if his complacency, more acute than of old, was not enough to him any more When, almost immediately, the telephone rang inside and the butler left the porch Daisy seized upon the momentary interruption and leaned toward me ‘I’ll tell you a family secret,’ she whispered enthusiasti- Part One Organizations, Management, and the Networked Enterprise 31 Chapter Information Systems in Global Business Today 32 ◆Opening Case: Efficiency in Wood Harvesting with Information Systems 33 1.1 The Role of Information Systems in Business Today 35 How Information Systems are Transforming Business 35 • What’s New in Management Information Systems? 36 • Globalization Challenges and Opportunities: A Flattened World 38 ◆Interactive Session: Management Running the Business from the Palm of Your Hand 39 The Emerging Digital Firm 41 • Strategic Business Objectives of Information Systems 42 1.2 Perspectives on Information Systems 45 What Is an Information System? 45 • Dimensions of Information Systems 48 • It Isn’t Just Technology: A Business Perspective on Information Systems 52 ◆Interactive Session: Technology UPS Competes Globally with Information Technology 53 Complementary Assets: Organizational Capital and the Right Business Model 56 1.3 Contemporary Approaches to Information Systems 58 Technical Approach 58 • Behavioral Approach 58 • Approach of This Text: Sociotechnical Systems 59 Learning Track Modules: How Much Does IT Matter?, Information Systems and Your Career, The Mobile Digital Platform 61 Review Summary 62 • Key Terms 63 • Review Questions 63 • Discussion Questions 64 • Hands-On MIS Projects 64 • Video Cases 65 • Collaboration and Teamwork Project 65 ◆Case Study: Mashaweer 66 Chapter Global E-business and Collaboration 70 ◆Opening Case: Telus Embraces Social Learning 71 2.1 Business Processes and Information Systems 73 Business Processes 73 • How Information Technology Improves Business Processes 75 2.2 Types of Information Systems 75 Systems for Different Management Groups 76 ◆Interactive Session: Technology Schiphol International Hub 78 the whip and snap of the curtains and the groan of a pic- ture on the wall Then there was a boom as Tom Buchanan shut the rear windows and the caught wind died out about the room and the curtains and the rugs and the two young women ballooned slowly to the floor The younger of the two was a stranger to me She was extended full length at her end of the divan, completely motionless and with her chin raised a little as if she were balancing something on it which was quite likely to fall If she saw me out of the corner of her eyes she gave no hint of it—indeed, I was almost surprised into murmuring an apol- ogy for having disturbed her by coming in The other girl, Daisy, made an attempt to rise—she leaned slightly forward with a conscientious expression— then she laughed, an absurd, charming little laugh, and I laughed too and came forward into the room ‘I’m p-paralyzed with happiness.’ She laughed again, as if she said something very witty, and held my hand for a moment, looking up into my face, promising that there was no one in the world she so much wanted to see That was a way she had She hinted in a mur- mur that the surname of the balancing girl was Baker (I’ve heard it said that Daisy’s murmur was only to make people lean toward her; an irrelevant criticism that made it no less charming.) At any rate Miss Baker’s lips fluttered, she imperceptibly and then quickly tipped her head back again—the object she was balancing had obviously tottered a little and given her something of a fright Again a sort of 12 The Great Gatsby apology arose to my lips Almost any exhibition of complete self sufficiency draws a stunned tribute from me I looked back at my cousin who began to ask me ques- tions in her low, thrilling voice It was the kind of voice that the ear follows up and down as if each speech is an arrange- ment of notes that will never be played again Her face was sad and lovely with bright things in it, bright eyes and a bright passionate mouth—but there was an excitement in her voice that men who had cared for her found difficult to forget: a singing compulsion, a whispered ‘Listen,’ a prom- ise that she had done gay, exciting things just a while since and that there were gay, exciting things hovering in the next hour I told her how I had stopped off in Chicago for a day on my way east and how a dozen people had sent their love through me ‘Do they miss me?’ she cried ecstatically ‘The whole town is desolate All the cars have the left rear wheel painted black as a mourning wreath and there’s a per- sistent wail all night along the North Shore.’ ‘How gorgeous! Let’s go back, Tom Tomorrow!’ Then she added irrelevantly, ‘You ought to see the baby.’ ‘I’d like to.’ ‘She’s asleep She’s two Contents ever seen her?’ ‘Never.’ ‘Well, you ought to see her She’s——‘ Tom Buchanan who had been hovering restlessly about the room stopped and rested his hand on my shoulder Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 13 ‘What you doing, Nick?’ ‘I’m a bond man.’ ‘Who with?’ I told him ‘Never heard of them,’ he remarked decisively This annoyed me ‘You will,’ I answered shortly ‘You will if you stay in the East.’ ‘Oh, I’ll stay in the East, don’t you worry,’ he said, glanc- ing at Daisy and then back at me, as if he were alert for something more ‘I’d be a God Damned fool to live any- where else.’ At this point Miss Baker said ‘Absolutely!’ with such suddenness that I started—it was the first word she uttered since I came into the room Evidently it surprised her as much as it did me, for she yawned and with a series of rapid, deft movements stood up into the room ‘I’m stiff,’ she complained, ‘I’ve been lying on that sofa for as long as I can remember.’ ‘Don’t look at me,’ Daisy retorted ‘I’ve been trying to get you to New York all afternoon.’ ‘No, thanks,’ said Miss Baker to the four cocktails just in from the pantry, ‘I’m absolutely in training.’ Her host looked at her incredulously ‘You are!’ He took down his drink as if it were a drop in the bottom of a glass ‘How you ever get anything done is beyond me.’ I looked at Miss Baker wondering what it was she ‘got done.’ I enjoyed loo slender, small- 14 The Great Gatsby breasted girl, with an erect carriage which she accentuated by throwing her body backward at the shoulders like a young cadet Her grey sun-strained eyes looked back at me with polite reciprocal curiosity out of a wan, charming discon- tented face It occurred to me now that I had seen her, or a picture of her, somewhere before ‘You live in West Egg,’ she remarked contemptuously ‘I know somebody there.’ ‘I don’t know a single——‘ ‘You must know Gatsby.’ ‘Gatsby?’ demanded Daisy ‘What Gatsby?’ Before I could reply that he was my neighbor dinner was announced; wedging his tense arm imperatively un- der mine Tom Buchanan compelled me from the room as though he were moving a checker to another square Slenderly, languidly, their hands set lightly on their hips the two young women preceded us out onto a rosy-colored porch open toward the sunset where four candles flickered on the table in the diminished wind ‘Why CANDLES?’ objected Daisy, frowning She snapped them out with her fingers ‘In two weeks it’ll be the longest day in the year.’ She looked at us all radiantly ‘Do you always watch for the longest day of the year and then miss it? I always watch for the longest day in the year and then miss it.’ ‘We ought to plan something,’ yawned Miss Baker, sit- ting down at the table as if she were gett said Daisy ‘What’ll we plan?’ She turned to me helplessly ‘What people plan?’ Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 15 Before I could answer her eyes fastened with an awed ex- pression on her little finger ‘Look!’ she complained ‘I hurt it.’ We all looked—the knuckle was black and blue ‘You did it, Tom,’ she said accusingly ‘I know you didn’t mean to but you DID it That’s what I get for marrying a brute of a man, a great big hulking physical specimen of a——‘ ‘I hate that word hulking,’ objected Tom crossly, ‘even in kidding.’ ‘Hulking,’ insisted Daisy Sometimes she and Miss Baker talked at once, unobtru- sively and with a bantering inconsequence that was never quite chatter, that was as cool as their white dresses and their impersonal eyes in the absence of all desire They were here—and they accepted Tom and me, making only a po- lite pleasant effort to entertain or to be entertained They knew that presently dinner would be over and a little later the evening too would be over and casually put away It was sharply different from the West where an evening was hur- ried from phase to phase toward its close in a continually disappointed anticipation or else in sheer nervous dread of the moment itself ‘You make me feel uncivilized, Daisy,’ I confessed on my second glass of corky but rather impressive claret ‘Can’t you talk about crops or somethin Systems for Linking the Enterprise 83 particular by this remark but it was taken up in an unexpected way ‘Civilization’s going to pieces,’ broke out Tom violently 16 The Great Gatsby ‘I’ve gotten to be a terrible pessimist about things Have you read ‘The Rise of the Coloured Empires’ by this man God- dard?’ ‘Why, no,’ I answered, rather surprised by his tone ‘Well, it’s a fine book, and everybody ought to read it The idea is if we don’t look out the white race will be—will be ut- terly submerged It’s all scientific stuff; it’s been proved.’ ‘Tom’s getting very profound,’ said Daisy with an expres- sion of unthoughtful sadness ‘He reads deep books with long words in them What was that word we——‘ ‘Well, these books are all scientific,’ insisted Tom, glanc- ing at her impatiently ‘This fellow has worked out the whole thing It’s up to us who are the dominant race to watch out or these other races will have control of things.’ ‘We’ve got to beat them down,’ whispered Daisy, wink- ing ferociously toward the fervent sun ‘You ought to live in California—’ began Miss Baker but Tom interrupted her by shifting heavily in his chair ‘This idea is that we’re Nordics I am, and you are and you are and——’ After an infinitesimal hesitation he in- cluded Daisy with a slight nod and she winked at me again ‘—and we’ve produced all the things that go to make civili- zation—oh, science and art and all that Do you see?’ ◆Interactive Session: Management Piloting Procter & Gamble from Decision Cockpits 84 E-Business, E-Commerce, and E-Government 87 2.3 Systems for Collaboration and Social Business 88 What is Collaboration? 88 • What Is Social Business? 89 • Business Benefits of Collaboration and Social Business 90 • Building a Collaborative Culture and Business Processes 91 • Tools and Technologies for Collaboration and Social Business 92 2.4 The Information Systems Function in Business 98 The Information Systems Department 99 • Organizing the Information Systems Function 100 Learning Track Modules: Systems from a Functional Perspective, IT Enables Collaboration and Teamwork, Challenges of Using Business Information Systems, Organizing the Information Systems Function, Occupational and Career Outlook for Information Systems Majors 2012–2018 100 Review Summary 101 • Key Terms 102 • Review Questions 102 • Discussion Questions 103 • Hands-On MIS Projects 103 • Video Cases 104 • Collaboration and Teamwork Project 104 ◆Case Study: Modernization of NTUC Income 105 pathetic in his concentration as if his complacency, more acute than of old, was not enough to him any more When, almost immediately, the telephone rang inside and the butler left the porch Daisy seized upon the momentary interruption and leaned toward me ‘I’ll tell you a family secret,’ she whispered enthusiasti- Chapter Information Systems, Organizations, and Strategy 108 ◆Opening Case: Will Sears’s Technology Strategy Work This Time? 109 3.1 Organizations and Information Systems 111 What Is an Organization? 112 • Features of Organizations 114 3.2 How Information Systems Impact Organizations and Business Firms 119 Economic Impacts 119 • Organizational and Behavioral Impacts 120 • The Internet and Organizations 123 • Implications for the Design and Understanding of Information Systems 123 3.3 Using Information Systems to Achieve Competitive Advantage 123 Porter’s Competitive Forces Model 124 • Information System Strategies for Dealing with Competitive Forces 125 • The Internet’s Impact on Competitive Advantage 128 ◆Interactive Session: Organizations Technology Helps Starbucks Find New Ways to Compete 129 The Business Value Chain Model 131 ◆Interactive Session: Technology Automakers Become Software Companies 134 Synergies, Core Competencies, and Network-Based Strategies 136 3.4 Using Systems for Competitive Advantage: Management Issues 140 Sustaining Competitive Advantage 140 • Aligning IT with Business Objectives 141 • Managing Strategic Transitions 142 Learning Track Module: The Changing Business Environment for Information Technology 142 Review Summary 142 •Key Terms 143 • Review Questions 143 • Discussion Questions 144 • Hands-On MIS Projects 144 • Video Cases 146 • Collaboration and Teamwork Project 146 the whip and snap of the curtains and the groan of a pic- ture on the wall Then there was a boom as Tom Buchanan shut the rear windows and the caught wind died out about the room and the curtains and the rugs and the two young women ballooned slowly to the floor The younger of the two was a stranger to me She was extended full length at her end of the divan, completely motionless and with her chin raised a little as if she were balancing something on it which was quite likely to fall If she saw me out of the corner of her eyes she gave no hint of it—indeed, I was almost surprised into murmuring an apol- ogy for having disturbed her by coming in The other girl, Daisy, made an attempt to rise—she leaned slightly forward with a conscientious expression— then she laughed, an absurd, charming little laugh, and I laughed too and came forward into the room ‘I’m p-paralyzed with happiness.’ She laughed again, as if she said something very witty, and held my hand for a moment, looking up into my face, promising that there was no one in the world she so much wanted to see That was a way she had She hinted in a mur- mur that the surname of the balancing girl was Baker (I’ve heard it said that Daisy’s murmur was only to make people lean toward her; an irrelevant criticism that made it no less charming.) At any rate Miss Baker’s lips fluttered, she imperceptibly and then quickly tipped her head back again—the object she was balancing had obviously tottered a little and given her something of a fright Again a sort of 12 The Great Gatsby apology arose to my lips Almost any exhibition of complete self sufficiency draws a stunned tribute from me I looked back at my cousin who began to ask me ques- tions in her low, thrilling voice It was the kind of voice that the ear follows up and down as if each speech is an arrange- ment of notes that will never be played again Her face was sad and lovely with bright things in it, bright eyes and a bright passionate mouth—but there was an excitement in her voice that men who had cared for her found difficult to forget: a singing compulsion, a whispered ‘Listen,’ a prom- ise that she had done gay, exciting things just a while since and that there were gay, exciting things hovering in the next hour I told her how I had stopped off in Chicago for a day on my way east and how a dozen people had sent their love through me ‘Do they miss me?’ she cried ecstatically ‘The whole town is desolate All the cars have the left rear wheel painted black as a mourning wreath and there’s a per- sistent wail all night along the North Shore.’ ‘How gorgeous! Let’s go back, Tom Tomorrow!’ Then she added irrelevantly, ‘You ought to see the baby.’ ‘I’d like to.’ ‘She’s asleep She’s two Contents ever seen her?’ ‘Never.’ ‘Well, you ought to see her She’s——‘ Tom Buchanan who had been hovering restlessly about the room stopped and rested his hand on my shoulder Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 13 ‘What you doing, Nick?’ ‘I’m a bond man.’ ‘Who with?’ I told him ‘Never heard of them,’ he remarked decisively This annoyed me ‘You will,’ I answered shortly ‘You will if you stay in the East.’ ‘Oh, I’ll stay in the East, don’t you worry,’ he said, glanc- ing at Daisy and then back at me, as if he were alert for something more ‘I’d be a God Damned fool to live any- where else.’ At this point Miss Baker said ‘Absolutely!’ with such suddenness that I started—it was the first word she uttered since I came into the room Evidently it surprised her as much as it did me, for she yawned and with a series of rapid, deft movements stood up into the room ‘I’m stiff,’ she complained, ‘I’ve been lying on that sofa for as long as I can remember.’ ‘Don’t look at me,’ Daisy retorted ‘I’ve been trying to get you to New York all afternoon.’ ‘No, thanks,’ said Miss Baker to the four cocktails just in from the pantry, ‘I’m absolutely in training.’ Her host looked at her incredulously ‘You are!’ He took down his drink as if it were a drop in the bottom of a glass ‘How you ever get anything done is beyond me.’ I looked at Miss Baker wondering what it was she ‘got done.’ I enjoyed loo slender, small- 14 The Great Gatsby breasted girl, with an erect carriage which she accentuated by throwing her body backward at the shoulders like a young cadet Her grey sun-strained eyes looked back at me with polite reciprocal curiosity out of a wan, charming discon- tented face It occurred to me now that I had seen her, or a picture of her, somewhere before ‘You live in West Egg,’ she remarked contemptuously ‘I know somebody there.’ ‘I don’t know a single——‘ ‘You must know Gatsby.’ ‘Gatsby?’ demanded Daisy ‘What Gatsby?’ Before I could reply that he was my neighbor dinner was announced; wedging his tense arm imperatively un- der mine Tom Buchanan compelled me from the room as though he were moving a checker to another square Slenderly, languidly, their hands set lightly on their hips the two young women preceded us out onto a rosy-colored porch open toward the sunset where four candles flickered on the table in the diminished wind ‘Why CANDLES?’ objected Daisy, frowning She snapped them out with her fingers ‘In two weeks it’ll be the longest day in the year.’ She looked at us all radiantly ‘Do you always watch for the longest day of the year and then miss it? I always watch for the longest day in the year and then miss it.’ ‘We ought to plan something,’ yawned Miss Baker, sit- ting down at the table as if she were gett ◆Case Study: Can This Bookstore Be Saved? 147 said Daisy ‘What’ll we plan?’ She turned to me helplessly ‘What people plan?’ Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 15 Before I could answer her eyes fastened with an awed ex- pression on her little finger ‘Look!’ she complained ‘I hurt it.’ We all looked—the knuckle was black and blue ‘You did it, Tom,’ she said accusingly ‘I know you didn’t mean to but you DID it That’s what I get for marrying a brute of a man, a great big hulking physical specimen of a——‘ ‘I hate that word hulking,’ objected Tom crossly, ‘even in kidding.’ ‘Hulking,’ insisted Daisy Sometimes she and Miss Baker talked at once, unobtru- sively and with a bantering inconsequence that was never quite chatter, that was as cool as their white dresses and their impersonal eyes in the absence of all desire They were here—and they accepted Tom and me, making only a po- lite pleasant effort to entertain or to be entertained They knew that presently dinner would be over and a little later the evening too would be over and casually put away It was sharply different from the West where an evening was hur- ried from phase to phase toward its close in a continually disappointed anticipation or else in sheer nervous dread of the moment itself ‘You make me feel uncivilized, Daisy,’ I confessed on my second glass of corky but rather impressive claret ‘Can’t you talk about crops or somethin particular by this remark but it was taken up in an unexpected way ‘Civilization’s going to pieces,’ broke out Tom violently 16 The Great Gatsby ‘I’ve gotten to be a terrible pessimist about things Have you read ‘The Rise of the Coloured Empires’ by this man God- dard?’ ‘Why, no,’ I answered, rather surprised by his tone ‘Well, it’s a fine book, and everybody ought to read it The idea is if we don’t look out the white race will be—will be ut- terly submerged It’s all scientific stuff; it’s been proved.’ ‘Tom’s getting very profound,’ said Daisy with an expres- sion of unthoughtful sadness ‘He reads deep books with long words in them What was that word we——‘ ‘Well, these books are all scientific,’ insisted Tom, glanc- ing at her impatiently ‘This fellow has worked out the whole thing It’s up to us who are the dominant race to watch out or these other races will have control of things.’ ‘We’ve got to beat them down,’ whispered Daisy, wink- ing ferociously toward the fervent sun ‘You ought to live in California—’ began Miss Baker but Tom interrupted her by shifting heavily in his chair ‘This idea is that we’re Nordics I am, and you are and you are and——’ After an infinitesimal hesitation he in- cluded Daisy with a slight nod and she winked at me again ‘—and we’ve produced all the things that go to make civili- zation—oh, science and art and all that Do you see?’ pathetic in his concentration as if his complacency, more acute than of old, was not enough to him any more When, almost immediately, the telephone rang inside and the butler left the porch Daisy seized upon the momentary interruption and leaned toward me ‘I’ll tell you a family secret,’ she whispered enthusiasti- Chapter Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems 150 ◆Opening Case: Ethical Issues Facing the Use of Technologies for the Aged Community 151 4.1 Understanding Ethical and Social Issues Related to Systems 153 A Model for Thinking About Ethical, Social, and Political Issues 155 • Five Moral Dimensions of the Information Age 155 • Key Technology Trends That Raise Ethical Issues 156 4.2 Ethics in an Information Society 159 Basic Concepts: Responsibility, Accountability, and Liability 159 • Ethical Analysis 160 • Candidate Ethical Principles 161 • Professional Codes of Conduct 161 • Some Real-World Ethical Dilemmas 162 4.3 The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems 162 Information Rights: Privacy and Freedom in the Internet Age 162 • Property Rights: Intellectual Property 169 ◆Interactive Session: Technology Life on the Grid: iPhone Becomes iTrack 170 Accountability, Liability, and Control 174 • System Quality: Data Quality and System Errors 176 • Quality of Life: Equity, Access, and Boundaries 176 ◆Interactive Session: Organizations Monitoring in the Workplace 179 Learning Track Module: Developing a Corporate Code of Ethics for Information Systems 183 Review Summary 184 • Key Terms 184 • Review Questions 185 • Discussion Questions 185 • Hands-On MIS Projects 185 • Video Cases 187 • Collaboration and Teamwork Project 187 ◆Case Study: Facebook: It’s About the Money 188 Part Two Information Technology Infrastructure 191 Chapter IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies 192 ◆Opening Case: Reforming the Regulatory System for Construction Permits 193 5.1 IT Infrastructure 195 Defining IT Infrastructure 195 • Evolution of IT Infrastructure 197 • Technology Drivers of Infrastructure Evolution 201 5.2 Infrastructure Components 206 Computer Hardware Platforms 207 • Operating System Platforms 207 • Enterprise Software Applications 208 • Data Management and Storage 208 • Networking/Telecommunications Platforms 208 • Internet Platforms 209 • Consulting and System Integration Services 209 5.3 Contemporary Hardware Platform Trends 210 the whip and snap of the curtains and the groan of a pic- ture on the wall Then there was a boom as Tom Buchanan shut the rear windows and the caught wind died out about the room and the curtains and the rugs and the two young women ballooned slowly to the floor The younger of the two was a stranger to me She was extended full length at her end of the divan, completely motionless and with her chin raised a little as if she were balancing something on it which was quite likely to fall If she saw me out of the corner of her eyes she gave no hint of it—indeed, I was almost surprised into murmuring an apol- ogy for having disturbed her by coming in The other girl, Daisy, made an attempt to rise—she leaned slightly forward with a conscientious expression— then she laughed, an absurd, charming little laugh, and I laughed too and came forward into the room ‘I’m p-paralyzed with happiness.’ She laughed again, as if she said something very witty, and held my hand for a moment, looking up into my face, promising that there was no one in the world she so much wanted to see That was a way she had She hinted in a mur- mur that the surname of the balancing girl was Baker (I’ve heard it said that Daisy’s murmur was only to make people lean toward her; an irrelevant criticism that made it no less charming.) At any rate Miss Baker’s lips fluttered, she imperceptibly and then quickly tipped her head back again—the object she was balancing had obviously tottered a little and given her something of a fright Again a sort of 12 The Great Gatsby apology arose to my lips Almost any exhibition of complete self sufficiency draws a stunned tribute from me I looked back at my cousin who began to ask me ques- tions in her low, thrilling voice It was the kind of voice that the ear follows up and down as if each speech is an arrange- ment of notes that will never be played again Her face was sad and lovely with bright things in it, bright eyes and a bright passionate mouth—but there was an excitement in her voice that men who had cared for her found difficult to forget: a singing compulsion, a whispered ‘Listen,’ a prom- ise that she had done gay, exciting things just a while since and that there were gay, exciting things hovering in the next hour I told her how I had stopped off in Chicago for a day on my way east and how a dozen people had sent their love through me ‘Do they miss me?’ she cried ecstatically ‘The whole town is desolate All the cars have the left rear wheel painted black as a mourning wreath and there’s a per- sistent wail all night along the North Shore.’ ‘How gorgeous! Let’s go back, Tom Tomorrow!’ Then she added irrelevantly, ‘You ought to see the baby.’ ‘I’d like to.’ ‘She’s asleep She’s two Contents ever seen her?’ ‘Never.’ ‘Well, you ought to see her She’s——‘ Tom Buchanan who had been hovering restlessly about the room stopped and rested his hand on my shoulder Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 13 ‘What you doing, Nick?’ ‘I’m a bond man.’ ‘Who with?’ I told him ‘Never heard of them,’ he remarked decisively This annoyed me ‘You will,’ I answered shortly ‘You will if you stay in the East.’ ‘Oh, I’ll stay in the East, don’t you worry,’ he said, glanc- ing at Daisy and then back at me, as if he were alert for something more ‘I’d be a God Damned fool to live any- where else.’ At this point Miss Baker said ‘Absolutely!’ with such suddenness that I started—it was the first word she uttered since I came into the room Evidently it surprised her as much as it did me, for she yawned and with a series of rapid, deft movements stood up into the room ‘I’m stiff,’ she complained, ‘I’ve been lying on that sofa for as long as I can remember.’ ‘Don’t look at me,’ Daisy retorted ‘I’ve been trying to get you to New York all afternoon.’ ‘No, thanks,’ said Miss Baker to the four cocktails just in from the pantry, ‘I’m absolutely in training.’ Her host looked at her incredulously ‘You are!’ He took down his drink as if it were a drop in the bottom of a glass ‘How you ever get anything done is beyond me.’ I looked at Miss Baker wondering what it was she ‘got done.’ I enjoyed loo slender, small- 14 The Great Gatsby breasted girl, with an erect carriage which she accentuated by throwing her body backward at the shoulders like a young cadet Her grey sun-strained eyes looked back at me with polite reciprocal curiosity out of a wan, charming discon- tented face It occurred to me now that I had seen her, or a picture of her, somewhere before ‘You live in West Egg,’ she remarked contemptuously ‘I know somebody there.’ ‘I don’t know a single——‘ ‘You must know Gatsby.’ ‘Gatsby?’ demanded Daisy ‘What Gatsby?’ Before I could reply that he was my neighbor dinner was announced; wedging his tense arm imperatively un- der mine Tom Buchanan compelled me from the room as though he were moving a checker to another square Slenderly, languidly, their hands set lightly on their hips the two young women preceded us out onto a rosy-colored porch open toward the sunset where four candles flickered on the table in the diminished wind ‘Why CANDLES?’ objected Daisy, frowning She snapped them out with her fingers ‘In two weeks it’ll be the longest day in the year.’ She looked at us all radiantly ‘Do you always watch for the longest day of the year and then miss it? I always watch for the longest day in the year and then miss it.’ ‘We ought to plan something,’ yawned Miss Baker, sit- ting down at the table as if she were gett said Daisy ‘What’ll we plan?’ She turned to me helplessly ‘What people plan?’ Free eBooks at Planet eBook.com 15 Before I could answer her eyes fastened with an awed ex- pression on her little finger ‘Look!’ she complained ‘I hurt it.’ We all looked—the knuckle was black and blue ‘You did it, Tom,’ she said accusingly ‘I know you didn’t mean to but you DID it That’s what I get for marrying a brute of a man, a great big hulking physical specimen of a——‘ ‘I hate that word hulking,’ objected Tom crossly, ‘even in kidding.’ ‘Hulking,’ insisted Daisy Sometimes she and Miss Baker talked at once, unobtru- sively and with a bantering inconsequence that was never quite chatter, that was as cool as their white dresses and their impersonal eyes in the absence of all desire They were here—and they accepted Tom and me, making only a po- lite pleasant effort to entertain or to be entertained They knew that presently dinner would be over and a little later the evening too would be over and casually put away It was sharply different from the West where an evening was hur- ried from phase to phase toward its close in a continually disappointed anticipation or else in sheer nervous dread of the moment itself ‘You make me feel uncivilized, Daisy,’ I confessed on my second glass of corky but rather impressive claret ‘Can’t you talk about crops or somethin The Mobile Digital Platform 210 • Consumerization of IT and BYOD 210 • Grid Computing 211 • Virtualization 211 particular by this remark but it was taken up in an unexpected way ‘Civilization’s going to pieces,’ broke out Tom violently 16 The Great Gatsby ‘I’ve gotten to be a terrible pessimist about things Have you read ‘The Rise of the Coloured Empires’ by this man God- dard?’ ‘Why, no,’ I answered, rather surprised by his tone ‘Well, it’s a fine book, and everybody ought to read it The idea is if we don’t look out the white race will be—will be ut- terly submerged It’s all scientific stuff; it’s been proved.’ ‘Tom’s getting very profound,’ said Daisy with an expres- sion of unthoughtful sadness ‘He reads deep books with long words in them What was that word we——‘ ‘Well, these books are all scientific,’ insisted Tom, glanc- ing at her impatiently ‘This fellow has worked out the whole thing It’s up to us who are the dominant race to watch out or these other races will have control of things.’ ‘We’ve got to beat them down,’ whispered Daisy, wink- ing ferociously toward the fervent sun ‘You ought to live in California—’ began Miss Baker but Tom interrupted her by shifting heavily in his chair ‘This idea is that we’re Nordics I am, and you are and you are and——’ After an infinitesimal hesitation he in- cluded Daisy with a slight nod and she winked at me again ‘—and we’ve produced all the things that go to make civili- zation—oh, science and art and all that Do you see?’ pathetic in his concentration as if his complacency, more acute than of old, was not enough to him any more When, almost immediately, the telephone rang inside and the butler left the porch Daisy seized upon the momentary interruption and leaned toward me ‘I’ll tell you a family secret,’ she whispered enthusiasti- ◆Interactive Session: Management Should You Use Your iPhone for Work? 212 Cloud Computing 213 • Green Computing 216 • High-Performance and Power-Saving Processors 216 ◆Interactive Session: Organizations Nordea Goes Green with IT 217 Autonomic Computing 218 5.4 Contemporary Software Platform Trends 219 Linux and Open Source Software 219 • Software for the Web: Java, HTML, and HTML5 219 • Web Services and Service-Oriented Architecture 221 • Software Outsourcing and Cloud Services 223 5.5 Management Issues 225 Dealing with Platform and Infrastructure Change 225 • Management and Governance 226 • Making Wise Infrastructure Investments 226 Learning Track Modules: How Computer Hardware and Software Work, Service Level Agreements, The Open Source Software Initiative, Comparing Stages in IT Infrastructure Evolution, Cloud Computing 229 Review Summary 230 • Key Terms 231 • Review Questions 231 • Discussion Questions 232 • Hands-On MIS Projects 232 • Video Cases 233 • Collaboration and Teamwork Project 233 ◆Case Study: Should Businesses Move to the Cloud? 234 Chapter Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases and Information Management 238 ◆Opening Case: BAE Systems 239 6.1 Organizing Data in a Traditional File Environment 241 File Organization Terms and Concepts 241 • Problems with the Traditional File Environment 242 6.2 The Database Approach to Data Management 244 Database Management Systems 244 • Capabilities of Database Management Systems 249 • Designing Databases 251 6.3 Using Databases to Improve Business Performance and Decision Making 254 The Challenge of Big Data 254 • Business Intelligence Infrastructure 254 • Analytical Tools: Relationships, Patterns, Trends 257 ◆Interactive Session: Technology Big Data, Big Rewards 261 Databases and the Web 262 ◆ Interactive Session: Organizations Controversy Whirls Around the Consumer Product Safety Database 264 6.4 Managing Data Resources 265 Establishing an Information Policy 265 • Ensuring Data Quality 266 Learning Track Modules: Database Design, Normalization, and EntityRelationship Diagramming, Introduction to SQL, Hierarchical and Network Data Models 267