Bs en 00020 1 1992 (1999)

Bs en 00020 1 1992 (1999) Bs en 00020 1 1992 (1999) Bs en 00020 1 1992 (1999) Bs en 00020 1 1992 (1999) Bs en 00020 1 1992 (1999) Bs en 00020 1 1992 (1999) Bs en 00020 1 1992 (1999) Bs en 00020 1 1992 (1999) Bs en 00020 1 1992 (1999) Bs en 00020 1 1992 (1999)

BRITISH STANDARD Wood preservatives — Determination of the protective effectiveness against Lyctus brunneus (Stephens) — Part 1: Application by surface treatment (laboratory method) The European Standard EN 20-1:1992 has the status of a British Standard UDC 674.048.4:620.193.87 BS EN 20-1:1992 BS EN 20-1:1992 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following countries Austria Belgium Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Iceland Ireland Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Technical Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 September 1992 © BSI 11-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/515 Draft for comment 89/55393 DC ISBN 580 20646 Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut Institut belge de normalisation Dansk Standardiseringsraad Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y Association franỗaise de normalisation Deutsches Institut fỹr Normung e.V Hellenic Organization for Standardization Technological Institute of Iceland National Standards Authority of Ireland Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Inspection du Travail et des Mines Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norges Standardiseringsforbund Instituto Portuguès da Qualidade Asociación Espola de Normalización y Certificación Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige Association suisse de normalisation British Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd No Date Comments BS EN 20-1:1992 Contents Cooperating organizations National foreword Foreword Text of EN 20-1 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible National annex NB (informative) Cross-references © BSI 11-1999 Page Inside front cover ii Inside back cover Inside back cover i BS EN 20-1:1992 National foreword This Part of BS EN 20 has been prepared under the direction of the Technical Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering and is the English language version of EN 20-1 “Wood preservatives — Determination of the protective effectiveness against Lyctus brunneus (Stephens) — Part 1: Application by surface treatment (laboratory method)”, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) EN 20-1 was produced as a result of international discussion in which the United Kingdom took an active part BS EN 20-1 supersedes BS 5217:1975, which is withdrawn It is intended that BS EN 20 will consist of the following Parts: — Part 1: Application by surface treatment (laboratory method); — Part 2: Application by impregnation (laboratory method) Part will be identical with EN 20-2, which is in preparation The principal differences between this Part of BS EN 20 and BS 5217:1975 include: — enrichment of the test specimens with a nutrient solution; — a change in size of the test specimens from 100 mm × 40 mm × 15 mm to 50 mm × 25 mm × 15 mm; — the preservative is applied by pipette to each face instead of dipping each specimen; — each test specimen is exposed to only four male and four female insects instead of at least five of each; — the use of 2-naphthol has been removed; — the minimum time of exposure of the test specimens to the insects is specified; — the procedure for the examination of the test specimens has been changed; — the conditions for assessing the validity have been changed CAUTION Attention is drawn to the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974, and the need for ensuring that the method specified in this Part of BS EN 20 is carried out with suitable precautions The procedure described in this Part of BS EN 20 is intended to be carried out by appropriately qualified and experienced persons or other suitably trained and/or supervised personnel Attention is drawn to the precautions given in the introduction, 5.2.5 and 5.3.4 A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover ii © BSI 11-1999 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 20-1 NORME EUROPÉENNE July 1992 EUROPÄISCHE NORM UDC 674.048.4:620.193.87 Together with EN 20-2 supersedes EN 20:1974 Descriptors: Wood, wood preservatives, pesticides, insecticides, protection against pests, laboratory tests, determination, effectiveness, prevention, lyctus English version Wood preservatives — Determination of the protective effectiveness against Lyctus brunneus (Stephens) — Part 1: Application by surface treatment (laboratory method) Produits de préservation du bois — Détermination de l’efficacité protectrice vis-à-vis de Lyctus brunneus (Stephens) — Partie 1: Application par traitement de surface (Méthode de laboratoire) Holzschutzmittel — Bestimmung der vorbeugenden Wirkung gegenüber Lyctus brunneus (Stephens) — Teil 1: Oberflächenbehandlung (Laboratoriumsverfahren) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1992-07-01 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom CEN European Committee for Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Europäisches Komitee für Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels © CEN 1992 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref No EN 20-1:1992 E EN 20-1:1992 Foreword This Part of this European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 38 “Durability of wood and wood-based products”, the Secretariat of which is held by AFNOR This Part of EN 20 together with EN 20-2 replaces EN 20:1974 This Part of EN 20 is required to enable effectiveness assessments of preservatives which are intended to be applied by surface treatment National standards identical to this European Standard shall be published at the latest by 93-01-31 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by 93-01-31 This Part of this EN 20 was adopted by CEN in accordance with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations The following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom Contents Foreword Introduction Scope Normative references Definitions Principle Test materials and apparatus Sampling Test specimens Procedure Validity of test 10 Expression of results 11 Test report Annex A (informative) Example of a test report Annex B (informative) Technique for culturing Lyctus brunneus Annex C (informative) Principal parasites and predators of Lyctus Annex D (informative) Bibliography Figure B.1 — Checking for the presence of sufficient starch content in European oak using Lugol reagent — sufficient starch content Figure B.2 — Checking for the presence of sufficient starch content in European oak using Lugol reagent — insufficient starch content Figure B.3 — Last ventral segment of the abdomen of Lyctus brunneus for the identification of sex Table A.1 — Results Page 3 3 4 7 11 13 14 11 12 13 10 © BSI 11-1999 EN 20-1:1992 Introduction This Part of this EN 20 describes a laboratory method of test which gives a basis for assessment of the protective effectiveness of a wood preservative, when applied as a surface treatment, against Lyctus brunneus It allows the determination of the concentration at which the product prevents the development of infestation from egg-laying It can also be used with formulations ready for use The species Lyctus brunneus is chosen because of its particular practical relevance and because it can be used easily in laboratory tests The method can be used with other lyctid species, but the results may not be comparable with those obtained with Lyctus brunneus The test specimens are enriched with a defined nutrient solution, before exposure to egg-laying, in order to ensure uniformity of nutrient quality of test specimens between different laboratories This laboratory method provides one criterion by which the value of a product can be assessed In making this assessment the methods by which the preservative may be applied should be taken into account It is further recommended that results from this test should be supplemented by those from other appropriate tests, and above all by comparison with practical experience When products which are very active at low concentrations are used it is very important to take suitable precautions to isolate and separate, as far as possible, operations involving chemical products, other products, treated wood, laboratory apparatus and clothing Suitable precautions should include the use of separate rooms, areas within rooms, extraction facilities, conditioning chambers and special training for personnel Scope This Part of EN 20 specifies a method for the determination of the protective effectiveness or the toxic values of a wood preservative against infestation by Lyctus brunneus (Stephens) when the product is applied as a surface treatment to wood This method is applicable to: — water-insoluble chemicals which are being studied as active insecticides, or, — organic formulations, as supplied or as prepared in the laboratory by dilution of concentrates, or, — organic water-dispersible formulations as supplied or as prepared in the laboratory by dilution of concentrates, or — water-soluble materials, for example salts © BSI 11-1999 NOTE This method may be used in conjuction with ageing procedures, which not remove the added nutrient Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies ISO 835-1:1981, Laboratory glassware — Graduated pipettes — Part 1: General requirements ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods Definitions For the purposes of this Part of EN 20, the following definitions apply 3.1 representative sample a sample having its physical or chemical characteristics identical to the volumetric average characteristics of the total volume being sampled 3.2 supplier the sponsor of the test Principle Depending on the test being carried out either a set of test specimens of a susceptible wood species is impregnated with a nutrient solution and then surface treated with a solution of the preservative; or if toxic values are to be determined, several sets of test specimens of a susceptible wood species are impregnated with a nutrient solution and then surface treated with a series of solutions in which the concentration of preservative is ranged in a given progession The treated test specimens are exposed to adult Lyctus brunneus and the resulting attack compared with that in untreated controls If the preservative has been prepared in the laboratory by dilution of a concentrate or by dissolution of a solid, the resulting attack is also compared with that in solvent or diluent treated controls EN 20-1:1992 Test materials and apparatus 5.1 Biological material Lyctus brunneus (Stephens), insects emerged from cultures not more than 48 h before use in the test, reared for at least two generations on non-enriched oak or no more than three generations on enriched oak NOTE The culturing of Lyctus brunneus requires care in order to obtain a regular supply of adults which have not already laid eggs The culturing technique, which experience has shown to be suitable, is described in Annex B 5.2 Products and reagents 5.2.1 Paraffin wax, for sealing the relevant surfaces of specimens to be treated with solutions in which water is the continuous phase NOTE Paraffin wax with a setting point of 52 °C to 54 °C has been found suitable 5.2.2 Gelatin, for sealing the relevant surfaces of specimens to be treated with solutions in which an organic solvent is the continuous phase 5.2.3 Paste, for securing filter paper The paste shall be starch-free, non-toxic to Lyctus and insoluble in the product under test NOTE Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, food grade, has been found suitable 5.2.4 Water, complying with grade of ISO 3696 5.2.5 Solvent or diluent, a volatile liquid that will dissolve or dilute the preservative but does not leave a residue in the wood at the end of the post-treatment conditioning period that has a toxic effect on the insects CAUTION Do not use benzene or other solvents which pose a health risk 5.2.6 Peptone, prepared as an enzymatic hydrolysate of meat 5.2.7 D(+) glucose 5.2.8 Filter paper ordinary quality, medium-fast grade 5.2.9 Fine cloth of cotton or linen, with a mesh aperture of less than 0,3 mm 5.3 Apparatus 5.3.1 Culturing chamber, with air circulation, controlled at (26 ± 1) °C, and at relative humidity (75 ± 5) % 5.3.2 Conditioning chamber, well ventilated, controlled at (20 ± 2) °C and relative humidity (65 ± 5) % NOTE The conditioning of specimens may be carried out in the laboratory work area (see 5.3.4) provided that this has the conditions specified for the conditioning chamber (see 5.3.2) 1) 5.3.3 Drying chamber, well ventilated, controlled at (30 ± ) °C 5.3.4 Laboratory work area, well ventilated, where treatment of the test specimens is carried out CAUTION It is essential to follow safety procedures for handling flammable and toxic materials Avoid excessive exposure of operators to solvents or their vapours 5.3.5 Testing chamber, with conditions identical to those of the culturing chamber (see 5.3.1) 5.3.6 Vacuum vessel(s), fitted with stopcocks 5.3.7 Vacuum pump, fitted with a pressure gauge and capable of maintaining a pressure of 700 Pa1) 5.3.8 Weights, to provide ballast for the test specimens The weights shall not react with any materials with which they come into contact during the test 5.3.9 Pipettes, of type specified in ISO 835, Part 1, Class B: graduated pipette with no waiting time Capacity ml with an accuracy of ± 0,01 ml 5.3.10 Safety equipment and protective clothing, appropriate for the test product and the test solvent, to ensure the safety of the operator 5.3.11 Test containers, suitable for holding the test specimens and of material resistant to the solvents used NOTE Jars of approximately 60 mm diameter and 100 mm height have been found to be suitable 5.3.12 Ordinary laboratory equipment, including a balance capable of weighing to an accuracy of 0,01 g 5.3.13 X-ray apparatus, (optional) with tungsten target and beryllium window, with voltage and current continuously variable in the ranges: Voltage: 10 kV to 50 kV, Current: mA to 15 mA Sampling The sample of preservative shall be representative of the product to be tested Samples shall be stored and handled in accordance with any written recommendations from the supplier NOTE For the sampling of preservatives from bulk supplies, the procedure given in EN 212 should be used Test specimens 7.1 Species of wood The test shall be carried out on European oak This shall comprise sessile oak, Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Lieblin, and pedunculate oak, Quercus robur Linnaeus 100 Pa = mbar © BSI 11-1999 EN 20-1:1992 7.2 Quality of wood Procedure Use only sound sapwood with between annual growth rings per 10 mm and 10 annual growth rings per 10 mm, straight-grained without knots The wood, having few tyloses, shall not have been floated or subjected to any chemical treatment and shall be dried without delay as described in 7.3 8.1 Prior impregnation of the test specimens with a nutrient solution 7.3 Provision of the test specimens 8.1.2 Method of impregnation of nutrient solution Remove the bark from the fleshly cut billets and then cut them into lengths (from which strips 25 mm × 15 mm in cross section will be cut) Immediately place the billets in the drying chamber (5.3.3) stacked with spaces between individual billets so as to allow movement of air through the stack Retain the billets in the drying chamber until their moisture contents are reduced to 15 % (m/m)2) NOTE Moisture meters of the two pronged electrical conductivity type are suitable for assessing moisture content Cut the sapwood of the dried billets into planed strips 25 mm × 15 mm cross section and with the wide longitudinal faces oriented tangentially Cut the specimens for test from the planed strips The individual specimens for test shall be cut cleanly and shall have sharp edges The specimens required for a test shall be taken from at least two lots each corresponding to a different tree or two sapwood strips taken from diametrically opposed positions in the same log The specimens from the two sources shall be combined and the test specimens taken at random from them 7.4 Dimensions of test specimens The dimensions of each specimen after one week in the conditioning chamber (5.3.2) shall be: (50 ± 0,5) mm × (25 ± 0,5) mm × × (15 ± 0,5) mm NOTE The total surface area of the longitudinal faces is theoretically 40 cm2 Mark each specimen so that it can be identified throughout the test 7.5 Number of test specimens Use: a) for each preservative and each concentration: five specimens (see 7.4), b) for a complete test of any given preservative: five untreated control specimens (see 7.4), c) if a solvent or diluent (water included) is used: five control specimens (7.4) treated with that solvent or diluent (5.2.4 or 5.2.5) 2) 8.1.1 Composition of the nutrient solution Dissolve g of peptone (5.2.6) and 10 g of the glucose (5.2.7) in 100 ml water (5.2.4) Weigh each test specimen, place them in a beaker and ballast them with weights (5.3.8) to prevent them floating Place the beaker in the vacuum vessel (5.3.6), and reduce the pressure using the vacuum pump (5.3.7) to 700 Pa Hold the specimens at this pressure for 15 Allow the nutrient solution (8.1.1) into the beaker so as to cover the specimens Bring the specimens back to atmospheric pressure, adding further solution if necessary to keep the specimens covered Leave the specimens immersed for h in the solution and then reweigh them after draining for Determine the uptake of nutrient solution for each test specimen Retain for testing only test specimens absorbing between 300 kg/m3 and 600 kg/m3 of nutrient solution 8.1.3 Drying of test specimens Dry the specimens in the drying chamber (5.3.3) at (30 ± 2) °C for one week 8.2 Conditioning of specimens before end sealing Transfer the dried test specimens to the conditioning chamber (5.3.2) and condition them for one week 8.3 Preparation of test specimens 8.3.1 Sealing of transverse surfaces Seal the end-grain surfaces as follows: 8.3.1.1 For test with solutions in which water is the continuous phase, apply three coats of the paraffin wax (5.2.1) at about 90 °C so that the first coat adheres closely to the wood and the successive coatings bond to one another Condition the sealed specimens in the conditioning chamber (5.3.2) for at least one day As determined in accordance with ISO 3130 © BSI 11-1999 EN 20-1:1992 8.3.1.2 For tests with preservative solutions in which the continuous phase is an organic solvent, that dissolves paraffin wax, use the gelatin (5.2.2): apply the first coat with an aqueous solution of 200 g/1 at 40 °C, then after a minimum of h of drying, apply two further coats of an aqueous solution of 300 g/1 at 50 °C Condition the sealed specimens in the conditioning chamber (5.3.2) for at least one day 8.3.2 Treatment of test specimens 8.3.2.1 Preparation of treatment solution 8.3.2.1.1 Solid preservatives — water-soluble preservatives: Dissolve the preservative in the water (5.2.4) to the required concentration, or to a series of concentrations if toxic values are to be determined — non water-soluble preservatives: Dissolve the preservative in an appropriate solvent (5.2.5) to the required concentration, or to a series of concentrations if toxic values are to be determined 8.3.2.1.2 Liquid preservatives If appropriate, use the preservative without further preparation other than any necessary stirring If it is a concentrate, or if toxic values are to be determined, dilute the preservative with the diluent to the required working concentration, using the procedure specified by the manufacturer All treatment solutions shall be freshly prepared 8.3.2.1.3 Toxic values If toxic values are to be determined, prepare a series of at least five concentrations by mass, distributed evenly about the expected toxic values A solvent or diluent control, i.e treatment at concentration = 0, shall also be used If the approximate toxic values are unknown, the concentrations shall form a widely spaced geometric progression for a first test and a more closely spaced geometric or arithmetic progression for subsequent tests All treatment solutions shall be freshly prepared 8.3.2.2 Application of the treatment solution Determine the actual area of each unsealed surface to be treated taking into account any possible encroachment of the sealing compound NOTE The areas to be treated are respectively 12,5 cm2 for larger faces and 7,5 cm2 for smaller faces Determine the volumes or masses of the treatment solution (8.3.2.1) to be applied to each unsealed face to give the application rate specified by the supplier NOTE The quantity of treatment solution to be applied should be realistic in view of the field of application and the manufacturer’s instructions Normally the quantity should not exceed 100 g/m2 In the laboratory work area (5.3.4), using the pipette (5.3.9) apply the calculated volume or mass of the treatment solution (8.3.2.1) to each of the unsealed faces as uniformly as possible Apply the treatment solution to each unsealed face whilst keeping that face in a horizontal and upward facing position Allow any surface liquid to be absorbed into each face before treating the next face NOTE If the required quantity cannot be applied in one application the treatment solution may be applied in successive applications at appropriately close intervals so as to avoid solidification of any substances hindering the penetration of the subsequent applications From the quantity of treatment solution applied to each unsealed face of each treated test specimen, determine and record the application rate in grams per square metre or millilitres per square metre of the treated test specimens Treat the control specimens (7.5 c) in an identical manner using solvent or diluent (5.2.4 or 5.2.5) if solvent or diluent are used in the preparation of the treatment solution 8.4 Drying and conditioning of the test specimens after treatment If the end-sealing has been damaged before or after treatment, reject the test specimens concerned from the tests After treatment, condition the specimens for four weeks in the environment specified for the conditioning chamber (5.3.2) Arrange the specimens on their narrow faces, resting on glass rods, not touching one another Invert the specimens twice a week Any ageing procedure carried out on test specimens shall be carried out after completion of conditioning NOTE Ageing procedures which remove any of the added nutrient should not be used Before exposing the test specimens to the insects, condition all the test specimens for one week in the testing chamber (5.3.5) 8.5 Exposure of the test specimens to the insects Subject the test specimens to insect attack as follows For each test specimen: — fix a with the paste (5.2.3) a disc of filter paper to the bottom inner surface of a test container (5.3.11) Place one test specimen in the container and add four male insects and four female insects (5.1); — close securely the container with a disc of filter paper (5.2.8) and adhesive tape or with the fine cloth (5.2.9) © BSI 11-1999 EN 20-1:1992 8.6 Conditions and duration of test Place the containers containing the test specimens and insects in the testing chamber (5.3.5) NOTE After 1, 2, and 14 days the number of beetles that have been knocked down may be counted and recorded On each working day, remove the dead adult from the test containers The minimum duration of the test shall be 20 weeks after insertion of the beetles NOTE If beetles emerge from treated specimens earlier, the test may regarded as finished 8.7 Examination of the test specimens NOTE For laboratories possessing X-ray apparatus, an X-ray of all the specimens can be taken 10 weeks after inspection of the beetles to check the presence and state of advance of any larval development At the end of the test determine and record the following values for each test specimen: — the number of emerged adult insects; — the number of exit holes Split each test specimen longitudinally into strips approximately mm thick Strike the strips firmly onto a sheet of filter paper (5.2.8) on a hard surface to extract the insects Count and record the number of larvae, pupae and adult beetles and their state (alive or dead) for each test specimen Validity of test The results shall be accepted as valid provided that for each control specimen (including solvent/diluent controls if appropriate) the following three conditions are met: a) at least 20 insects (larvae, pupae and adult beetles) are recovered; b) 85 % of the insects present in each specimen are living; and c) adults have started to emerge at the time of the final examination 10 Expression of results 10.1 Assessment of the protective effectiveness The protective effectiveness shall be assessed in the terms recorded in the 8.7 10.2 Toxic values If a range of concentrations of product are tested the results shall be expressed as toxic values © BSI 11-1999 The toxic values of a preservative product are expressed as the following two loadings: — the mean mass or volume of preservative retained per unit area in the set of test specimens treated with the lowest concentration of the product in the series in which no exit holes or live insects are found in all of the test specimens at the end of the test; — the mean mass or volume of preservative per unit area in the set of test specimens treated with the next lowest concentration of the product in the series in which exit holes or live insects are found in all of the test specimens at the end of the test Express these toxic values as grams or millilitres of preservative per square metre of treated wood surface (see 8.3.2.2), and also state the corresponding concentrations of the preservative in the solvent or diluent 11 Test report The test report shall include at least the following (see also Annex A for an example): a) the number and date of this Part of this European Standard; b) the name of the supplier of the preservative under test; c) the specific and unique name or code of the preservative tested, with an indication of whether or not the composition has been declared; d) the name and concentration of active insecticide; e) if relevant the solvent or diluent used; f) the species of wood used; g) the date of impregnation of the test specimens with the nutrient solution; h) the date of the application of the preservative; i) where relevant, the concentration(s) of the preservative expressed as a percentage by mass; j) for each test specimen treated: — the mass of solution absorbed, in grams; — the corresponding quantity, in grams or millilitres per square metre, of the preservative under test, per unit of surface area; k) the method of drying the test specimens; l) any ageing procedures carried out, specifying the type, conditions and duration, with possible reference to a standard; EN 20-1:1992 m) the date when the test specimens were exposed to beetles; n) the date(s) of examination of the test specimens; o) the results of the examination of the treated specimens and control test specimens: — number of adult beetles emerged from the wood; — number of exit holes; — number of beetles found, dividing them into: living (i) adult beetles, (ii) larvae and (iii) pupae; dead (i) adult beetles, (ii) larvae and (iii) pupae; p) if determined, the toxic values; q) the name of the organization responsible for the test report and the date of completion of the test; r) the name and signature of officer(s) in charge of testing; s) the following note: “The interpretation and the practical conclusions that can be drawn from this test report demand a specialized knowledge of the subject of wood preservation and, for this reason, this test report cannot of itself constitute an approval certificate.” The test report shall list any variation from the described test method and any factors that may have influenced the results It may include any optional oberservations made, for example X-ray examination (8.7) © BSI 11-1999 EN 20-1:1992 Annex A (informative) Example of a test report Number and date of this European Standard : EN 20-1:1992 Name of supplier : company S Name and type of preservative : X-preservative in the form of an organic solvent, ready for use, composition declared Name and concentration of active insecticide : W 0,25 % (m/m) Solvent or diluent used : none Species of wood used : European oak (Quercus robur L.) Date of impregnation with nutrient solution : 1986.03.24 Date of application of the preservative : 1986.04.08 Concentration of the preservative tested : preservative used undiluted Type of treatment : applied using a pipette Quantity of preservative applied to each test specimen : 100 g/m2 Method of drying : as specified in the standard Ageing test supplied : by evaporation for 12 weeks in accordance with EN 73 Date of exposure to beetles : 1986.08.05 Date of examination of the test specimens : 1986.12.16 Results : see Table A.1 Toxic values : XX g/m2 and YY ml/m2 This report has been prepared by the institute : FPL Location and date : Y 1986.12.31 Name and signature of the officer(s) in charge : Mrs Z NOTE The interpretation and the practical conclusions that can be drawn from this test report demand a specialized knowledge of the subject of wood preservation and, for this reason, this test report cannot of itself constitute an approval certificate © BSI 11-1999 Test specimen Loading of Loading of nutrient identification preservative solution/specimen g/m2 (g) Emergence Number (X) of beetles dead or knock-down after (in days) Number and state of insects after splitting of specimens First Number Number Living Dead insects of exit of emerge beetles holes Adult Pupae Larvae Adult Pupae Larvae after emerged beetles beetles 14 (in weeks) Treated test specimens 100 7,7 — 0 0 0 20 100 9,0 — 0 0 0 20 100 8,8 — 0 0 0 20 100 11,3 19 1 0 0 18 100 10,2 — 0 0 0 20 Control test specimens 100 9,7 0 0 19 32 32 11 0 100 10,1 0 0 20 2 18 0 100 8,2 0 0 19 5 2 16 0 100 9,1 0 0 19 0 20 0 100 11,2 0 0 19 25 24 0 (X) Optional EN 20-1:1992 10 Table A.1 — Results © BSI 11-1999 EN 20-1:1992 Annex B (informative) Technique for culturing Lyctus brunneus B.1 Introduction The culturing of Lyctus brunneus requires care if adults that have not already oviposited are to be obtained at regular intervals The normal life cycle of Lyctus brunneus from the egg to adult takes one or two years in the open air, and the adults normally emerge from June to August This period can be reduced to between 12 weeks and 16 weeks at between 25 °C and 27 °C and between 70 % and 75 % relative humidity, when a constant supply of beetles can be obtained under these conditions B.2 Wood Collect freshly-felled oak branchwood in autumn or early winter and test to ensure adequate starch content To check the presence of starch in the wood, prepare a planed surface as close as possible to the radial plane and wet this surface, with a few drops of Lugol reagent3) After a few minutes, the grains of starch stained blue-black are clearly visible with a binocular microscope Only specimens containing sufficient starch are suitable for culturing (see Figure B.1 and Figure B.2 giving an example of sufficient and insufficient starch contents respectively) The starch content of oak is highest in autumn and early in winter (September to January) but starch reserves are low if the tree has fruited abundantly If possible, trees should be selected which have not given an abundant acorn crop the previous summer After removing the bark from the wood, cut it into short billets; if necessary, split them into pieces and rapidly dry them to about 15 % (m/m) moisture content by, for example, stacking them in open piles indoors in the draught of a fan Store these pieces in an airtight container, in unheated premises, until required for use The storage period should not exceed years If it is difficult to obtain a supply of suitable oak for normal culturing, it is possible to enrich the sapwood as indicated in 8.1 However, to comply with this Part of EN 20 it is essential to collect insects cultured for at least two generations on non-enriched oak or no more than three generations on enriched oak Figure B.1 — Checking for the presence of sufficient starch content in European oak using Lugol reagent — sufficient starch content 3) Dissolve g of potassium iodide in 10 ml of water, then dissolve g of iodine in this solution and make up to 200 ml with water © BSI 11-1999 11 EN 20-1:1992 Figure B.2 — Checking for the presence of sufficient starch content in European oak using Lugol reagent — insufficient starch content B.3 Obtaining adult beetles To initiate cultures, collect adult beetles from naturally infested sapwood in outdoor insectaries, either directly from the surface of the wood or by means of a light trap A suitable trap consists of an electric light bulb placed on a wide opaque shade suspended over a large glass funnel leading into a large jar A disc of paper in the bottom of this jar provides a foothold for the beetles Outside the normal emergence season, actively infested sapwood can be brought into warm humid conditions so as to accelerate larval growth and obtain an early supply of beetles Return this naturally infested wood to outdoor conditions as soon as beetles have been obtained and never place it in the test environments (5.3.1 to 5.3.5) B.4 Culturing procedure Carry out the culturing procedure on pieces of wood prepared as described in B.2, in glass jars maintained in the culturing chamber (5.3.1) Place several pieces of wood, previously conditioned for one week in the atmosphere of the culturing chamber (5.3.1), in each jar and add 10 male and 10 female beetles Close the jar with the fine cloth (5.2.9) Incubation of the eggs takes about days and within weeks the larvae are well developed The new beetles emerge between 12 weeks and 16 weeks after initiation of the culture Remove them from the jars within 24 h of emergence in order to prevent the females from laying their eggs in the old culture wood When emergence is completed, destroy the old culture wood B.5 Identification of sex Characteristics for sexing Lyctus brunneus beetles are shown in Figure B.3 Hairs on the last visible ventral segment of the abdomen converge to form a point in the female, but form a broad fringe in the male 12 © BSI 11-1999 EN 20-1:1992 Figure B.3 — Last ventral segment of the abdomen of Lyctus brunneus for the identification of sex B.6 Precautions against infestation by parasites When initiating and maintaining cultures, take the greatest care to avoid introducing insects or mites (notably Pyemotes spp) that are parasitic or predatory on Lyctus brunneus (the main ones are given in Annex C) Only use adults from a culture not showing any signs of infestation (generally characterized by a reduction in the emergence of adults) If cultures become parasitized by mites, it is generally better to destroy them completely and start again with a fresh source of Lyctus Annex C (informative) Principal parasites and predators of Lyctus C.1 Mites Parasitic mites, Pyemotes spp and Acarophenax spp, can be very troublesome when testing with Lyctus brunneus, especially in conditions of artificial incubation These mites are often found in wood which is naturally infested with Lyctus and it is essential not to introduce such wood into the test environments Mites may also be carried on the Lyctus beetles themselves C.2 Insects Among the insects that may be accidentally introduced are the following: COLEOPTERA Carnivorous both to the adult and larval stages Cleridae ì Corynetes coeruleus (de Geer) í Tarsostenus univittatus (Rossi) ợ HYMENOPTERA Attack larvae causing paralysis â BSI 11-1999 ì Bethylidae, Scleroderma domesticum (Latreille) í Braconidae, Spathius exarator (Linnaeus) î Chalcididae, Theocolax formiciformis (Westwood) 13 EN 20-1:1992 Annex D (informative) Bibliography EN 73:1988, Wood preservatives — Accelerated ageing tests of treated wood prior to biological testing — Evaporative ageing procedure EN 212:1986, Wood preservatives — Guide to sampling and preparation of wood preservatives and treated timber for analysis ISO 3130:1975, Wood — Determination of moisture content for physical and mechanical tests 14 © BSI 11-1999 BS EN 20-1:1992 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible The United Kingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard was entrusted by the Technical Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering (B/-)to Technical Committee B/515, upon which the following bodies were respresented: British Wood Preserving and Damp-proofing Association Chemical Industries’ Association Creosote Council Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Electricity Industry in United Kingdom Institute of Wood Science National House-building Council Timber Research and Development Association Timber Trade Federation The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Association of Consulting Scientists Imperial College of Science and Technology National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard EN 73:1988 BS 5761 Wood preservatives Accelerated ageing of treated wood prior to biological testing Part 1:1989 Evaporative ageing procedure BS 5666 Methods of analysis of wood preservatives and treated timber Part 1:1987 Guide to sampling and preparation of wood preservatives and treated timber for analysis BS 700 Graduated pipettes Part 1:1982 Specification for general requirements BS 3978:1987 Specification for water for laboratory use EN 212:1986 ISO 835-1:1981 ISO 3696:1987 © BSI 11-1999 BS EN 20-1:1992 BSI — British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level It is incorporated by Royal Charter Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover Tel: 020 8996 9000 Fax: 020 8996 7400 BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards Buying standards Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be addressed to Customer Services Tel: 020 8996 9001 Fax: 020 8996 7001 In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the BSI implementation of those that have been published as British Standards, unless otherwise requested Information on standards BSI provides a wide range of information on national, European and international standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters Service Various BSI electronic information services are also available which give details on all its products and services Contact the Information Centre Tel: 020 8996 7111 Fax: 020 8996 7048 Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards For details of these and other benefits contact Membership Administration Tel: 020 8996 7002 Fax: 020 8996 7001 Copyright Copyright subsists in all BSI publications BSI also holds the copyright, in the UK, of the publications of the international standardization bodies Except as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without prior written permission from BSI This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations If these details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior written permission of BSI must be obtained BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL If permission is granted, the terms may include royalty payments or a licensing agreement Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright Manager Tel: 020 8996 7070