Thông tin tài liệu
THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY BUI THI THU PHUONG Topic title: DEVELOPMENT OF DNA EXTRACTION METHOD OF CHEMICAL, INTENSIVE CHEMICAL AND TRANSITION SOIL AND THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOIL ON JASMINE RICE GROWTH BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode : Full-time Major : Biotechnology Faculty : Biotechnology and Food Technology Batch : 2014 – 2018 Thai Nguyen, 6/2018 Luan van THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY BUI THI THU PHUONG Topic title: DEVELOPMENT OF DNA EXTRACTION METHOD OF CHEMICAL, INTENSIVE CHEMICAL AND TRANSITION SOIL AND THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOIL ON JASMINE RICE GROWTH BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode : Full-time Major : Biotechnology Faculty : Biotechnology and Food Technology Batch : 2014 – 2018 Supervisors : Dr Songsak Wattanachaisaereekul Assoc Prof Dr Duong Van Cuong Thai Nguyen, 6/2018 Luan van DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Major Biotechnology Student name Bui Thi Thu Phuong Student ID DTN1453150017 Thesis title Development of DNA extraction method of chemical, intensive chemical and transition soil and the effect of different soil on Jasmine rice growth Supervisors Dr Songsak Wattanachaisaereekul Assoc Prof Dr Duong Van Cuong Msc Phimrak Khaokhajorn Abstract: Jasmine rice is a long grain variety of fragrant rice and it was officially named as Khao Dawk Mali 105, (KDML105) Jasmine rice has high nutritional value with nutritional substances: vitamin B1, B2, niacin, carbohydrates, protein, and minerals such as iron, calcium, and phosphorous Chemical soil, intensive chemical soil and transition soil with types of soil (silty, sandy and clay) were used for planting Jasmine rice plants were grown on total 27 soil samples for 10 weeks to observed rice growth The soil samples were also used to extract DNA by using different methods The result of rice growth observation was based on count tiller number In the average of tiller number, chemical soil is better than intensive chemical and transition soil after weeks of planting The result of DNA extraction was based on analysis on 0.8% agarose gels and measure nanodrop Transition soil group and group (clay) can’t extract by all methods Chemical soil (silty), intensive chemical soil (silty) and transition soil group (sandy) can extract and show good results of DNA quantity: chemical soil and transition soil group are more than 200 ng/µL; intensive chemical soil is more than 100 ng/µL All samples have low DNA quality Keywords Number of pages Develop, DNA extraction method, soil, Jasmine rice growth 29 i Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Firstly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my advisors Dr Songsak Wattanachaisaereekul and Msc Phimrak Khaokhajorn from the School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thailand, for providing me with all the necessary facilities for the research in their lab, helping and encouraging me in the past six months Their enthusiasm and guidance in all the time of research helped me to complete my dissertation possible I am also grateful to Assoc Prof Dr Duong Van Cuong from the Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Technology (FBFT) of Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry (TUAF) who used to support me during this thesis implementation I would also like to express my sincere thanks to my teachers of the Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Technology (FBFT), TUAF who taught me a lot of useful knowledge through four years of university Last but not the least, I would like to thank my family and my friends for supporting me spiritually throughout writing this thesis and my life in general Thank you very much and best regards Student Bui Thi Thu Phuong ii Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth TABLE OF CONTENT LIST OF FIGURES V LIST OF TABLES VIi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS VII PART I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.1.1 Overview of Jasmine rice 1.1.2 Jasmine rice growing 1.1.2.1 Life cycle of the rice plant 1.1.2.2 Cultivation of Jasmine rice 1.1.3 Plant microbiota 1.1.3.1 Microbiota 1.1.3.2 Root microbiota 1.1.4 Microbita application for plant growth promotion 1.1.5 The characteristics of silty, sandy and clay soil 1.2 Objectives 1.3 Scope of study PART II MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 Equipment and materials 2.1.1 Equipment 2.1.2 Materials 2.1.2.1 Soils 2.1.2.2 Plant material 12 2.1.2.3 Lysis buffer 12 2.2 Methods 13 2.2.1 Preparing soil mixture for planting 13 2.2.2 Rice growing 14 2.2.3 Development of DNA extraction method 14 PART III RESULTS 17 iii Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth 3.1 Compare the tiller number of the rice plant 17 3.2 Rice plants growth observation 19 3.3 Extraction of metagenomic DNA from different methods 21 PART IV CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION 26 4.1 Growing Jasmine rice on different types of soil 26 4.2 DNA extraction methods suitable for three types of soil 26 REFERENCES 27 iv Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 Long grain white Jasmine rice Figure 1.2 Growth phases and stages of the rice plant Figure 1.3 Root exudation in the rhizosphere Figure 1.4 Microbiome engineering improves plant growth Figure 1.5 Soil particle size (a) Sandy soil (b) Silty soil (c) Clay soil Figure 2.1 The seed of Jasmine rice 12 Figure 2.2 Three types of DNA extraction buffer 12 Figure 2.3 The process of germinating rice seeds 14 Figure 3.1 Averages of tiller number per pot in chemical soil 17 Figure 3.2 Averages of tiller number per pot in intensive chemical soil 18 Figure 3.3 Averages of tiller number per pot in transition soil 18 Figure 3.4 Averages of tiller number in three soil groups 19 Figure 3.5 Metagenomic DNA was extracted from transition soil (a) Method (b) Method (c) Method 23 Figure 3.6 Metagenomic DNA was extracted from intensive chemical soil group and group (a) Method (b) Method 24 Figure 3.7 Metagenomic DNA was extracted by method (a) Chemical soil group and group (b) Transition soil group 25 v Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Equipment of studies Table 2.2 samples of chemical soil Table 2.3 samples of intensive chemical soil 10 Table 2.4 samples of transition soil 11 Table 2.5 The real weight of the field soil samples for planting (g) 13 Table 2.6 Metagenomic DNA extraction from soils using sonication 15 Table 3.1 Rice plants growth in chemical soil 20 Table 3.2 Rice plants growth in intensive chemical soil 20 Table 3.3 Rice plants growth in transition soil 20 Table 3.4 Rice plants growth in three soil groups 21 Table 3.5 DNA quantity and quality by method for transition soil 21 Table 3.6 DNA quantity and quality by method for transition soil 22 Table 3.7 DNA quantity and quality by method for transition soil 22 Table 3.8 DNA quantity and quality by method for intensive chemical soil 23 Table 3.9 DNA quantity and quality by method for intensive chemical soil 24 Table 3.10 DNA quantity and quality by method for chemical soil and transition soil 25 vi Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS C1, C2, C3 Chemical soil group 1, Chemical soil group 2, Chemical soil group I1, I2, I3 Intensive chemical soil group 1, Intensive chemical group 2, Intensive chemical group T1, T2, T3 Transition soil group 1, Transition group 2, Transition group DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid mm Millimeter m2 Square meter % Percentage µL Microliter mL Milliliter g Gram kg Kilogram Minutes s Second ºC Degree centigrade or Celcius rpm Revolutions per minute ng Nanogram M Molar mass SDS Sodium dodecyl sulfate PEG Polyethylene glycol NEB New England BioLabs vii Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth PART I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.1.1 Overview of Jasmine rice Jasmine rice is known as a most important aromatic rice originating in Thailand It was officially named as Khao Dawk Mali 105, (KDML105) [1] In 1945, the best Jasmine rice local variety was discovered by a farmer in Lam Pradoo district, Chonburi province, and in 1951, 199 panicles of the local variety were selected from a nearby district of Chachearngsoa province for pure line selection [2] Figure 1.1 Long grain white Jasmine rice (https://www.dreamstime.com/stockphoto-long-grain-uncooked-whitejasmine-rice-close-up-food-backgroundimage65134089) The origin of Jasmine rice was in Bang Khla District, Chachoengsao Province, which is an area of saline, sandy soil with no flooding Nowadays, this has been transformed into an industrial and residential area and the most famous and largest area of rice production in Northeast Thailand [3] The characteristics and size of the Jasmine rice grain: Jasmine rice grains shall possess the characteristics and size as follows: (1) General characteristic: long grain white; (2) Average length without breakage: not less than 7.0 mm; (3) Average width of the full grain rice without breakage: not less than 3.0 mm (Fig 1.1) Chemical Attributes: Jasmine rice shall contain not less than 12 percent and not more than 19 percent of amylose at the 14 percent humidity level [4] Its favorable properties have made this cultivar to be a frequent genetic resource for rice breeding [5] Jasmine rice is filled with nutritional substances: vitamin B1, B2, niacin, carbohydrates, protein, and minerals such as iron, calcium, and phosphorus [6] Jasmine rice can be consumed in many ways, for example, whole grain consumption Some Asian peoples cook their rice in an ample amount of water to obtain desirable texture whereas, in many western cultures, rice is boiled in excess water until the center of the grain is fully cooked [7] In Thailand, Jasmine rice is considered as a vital Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth Three soil groups: In the chart of Fig 3.4, the averages of tiller number per pot increased from week to week and decreased at week 10 for transition soil; increased from week to week and decreased after week for chemical soil At the first time, the averages of tiller number of intensive chemical soil and transition soil are better than chemical soil However, the average of tiller number of chemical soil at week is highest Error bars indicate the standard errors of the means and were generated by Microsoft Excel 2010 70 Average of tiller number 60 50 40 C I 30 T 20 10 week week week week week week week 10 Figure 3.4 Averages of tiller number in three soil groups 3.2 Rice plants growth observation Depend on the results of tiller number to choose the best rice plants and the worst rice plants in each group Rice plant growth observation show that the rice plants had grown so fast from week to week However, the rice leaves turned from green to yellow at week 10 Comparison of the rice plants grown in each soil group and between three soil groups showed in table 3.1, table 3.2, table 3.3 and table 3.4 19 Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth Table 3.1 Rice plants growth in chemical soil Week Week Week 10 The best rice plant The worst rice plant Table 3.2 Rice plants growth in intensive chemical soil Week Week Week 10 Week Week 10 The best rice plant The worst rice plant Table 3.3 Rice plants growth in transition soil Week The best rice plant The worst rice plant 20 Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth Table 3.4 Rice plants growth in three soil groups Week Week Week 10 The best rice plant The worst rice plant 3.3 Extraction of metagenomic DNA from different methods Metagenomic DNA was extracted from transition soil by using method (sonication), method (big and small glass beads) and method (small glass beads and types of buffer), in which transition soil group and group were used in method 1; all groups of transition soil were used in method 2; and transition soil group and group were used in method DNA quantity and quality were determined by nanodrop spectrophotometer A260/280 represents protein contamination and A260/230 indicates the presence of contaminants DNA quantity in method is low for transition soil group and better than for group (Table 3.5) The DNA quantity in method is low for all samples (Table 3.6) and show good DNA quantity in method (Table 3.7) DNA quality is low for all samples (lower than 1.8) Table 3.5 DNA quantity and quality by method for transition soil Sample DNA concentration (ng/µL) A260/280 A260/230 T1 (30% amplitude) 1.2 0.91 0.26 T1 (50% amplitude) -0.4 -1.02 -0.31 T2 (60% amplitude) 49.0 1.67 1.64 T2 (40% amplitude) 73.2 1.71 1.84 21 Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth Table 3.6 DNA quantity and quality by method for transition soil Sample DNA concentration (ng/µL) A260/280 A260/230 T1 0.2 0.39 -0.41 T2 1.6 0.78 1.09 T3 -0.7 1.36 0.89 Table 3.7 DNA quantity and quality by method for transition soil Sample DNA concentration (ng/µL) A260/280 A260/230 T1/1 33.2 1.53 0.85 T1/2 90.4 1.77 1.49 T1/3 31.6 1.56 1.18 T3/1 123.6 1.36 1.06 T3/2 57.5 1.20 0.86 T3/3 46.7 1.24 0.86 Upon analysis of the extracted soil samples on 0.8% agarose gels, method show bright bands for DNA extracted from transition soil group 2, but DNA is broken down a lot (Fig 3.5.a) Method doesn’t produce bright bands for any of the samples (Fig 3.5.b) Method only shows bright bands for sample of transition soil group with light smearing and impurities Sample of transition soil group also show impurities on the gel This method doesn’t show bright bands for the other samples (Fig 3.5.c) 22 Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth Figure 3.5 Metagenomic DNA was extracted from transition soil (a) Method 1; Land 1: T1 was sonicated at 30% amplitude; Land 2: T1 was sonicated at 50% amplitude; Land 3: T2 was sonicated at 60% amplitude; Land 4: T2 was sonicated at 40% amplitude (b) Method (c) Method Land M: Kb DNA ladder Samples were electrophoresed on 0.8% agarose in 1X TAE buffer Metagenomic DNA was extracted from intensive chemical soil group and group by using method (big and small glass beads) and method (small glass beads and types of buffer), in which intensive chemical soil group was used in method 2; intensive chemical soil group was used in method DNA quantity and quality were determined by nanodrop spectrophotometer A260/280 represents protein contamination and A260/230 indicates the presence of contaminants All of the samples have good DNA quantity (more than 100 ng/µL) However, DNA quality is lower than 1.7 (Table 3.8, 3.9) Table 3.8 DNA quantity and quality by method for intensive chemical soil Sample DNA concentration (ng/µL) A260/280 A260/230 I2/1 189.5 1.68 1.60 I2/2 117.6 1.53 1.30 I2/3 102.0 1.64 1.52 23 Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth Table 3.9 DNA quantity and quality by method for intensive chemical soil Sample DNA concentration (ng/µL) A260/280 A260/230 I3/1 272.0 1.40 1.18 I3/2 225.4 1.27 1.02 I3/3 213.7 1.35 1.09 Upon analysis of the extracted soil samples on 0.8% agarose gels, method and method are all shown to bright bands for all samples Method shows tight bands with light smearing, have high DNA concentration for all of the samples (Fig 3.6.a) Method shows tight bands with light smearing, have the high molecular weight for sample and sample and have the low molecular weight for sample (Fig 3.6.b) RNA contamination is still on the gel Figure 3.6 Metagenomic DNA was extracted from intensive chemical soil group and group (a) Method (b) Method Land M: Kb DNA ladder Samples were electrophoresed on 0.8% agarose in 1X TAE buffer Metagenomic DNA was extracted from chemical soil group and group and transition soil group by using method (small glass beads and types of buffer) DNA quantity and quality were determined by nanodrop spectrophotometer A260/280 represents protein contamination and A260/230 indicates the presence of contaminants 24 Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth All of the samples have good DNA quantity (more than 200 ng/µL) However, DNA quality is lower than 1.5 (Table 3.10) Table 3.10 DNA quantity and quality by method for chemical soil and transition soil Sample DNA concentration (ng/µL) A260/280 A260/230 C1/1 273.4 1.40 1.06 C1/2 222.8 1.29 1.07 C1/3 307.0 1.39 1.20 C3/1 234.5 1.38 1.11 C3/2 432.7 1.20 1.87 C3/3 285.8 1.42 1.21 T2/1 361.4 1.48 1.26 T2/2 258.3 1.42 1.13 T2/3 357.6 1.42 1.25 Upon analysis of the extracted soil samples on 0.8% agarose gels, method show bright bands with light smearing and have the high molecular weight for all samples (Fig 3.7) RNA contamination is still on the gel Figure 3.7 Metagenomic DNA was extracted by method (a) Chemical soil group and group (b) Transition soil group Land M: Kb DNA ladder Samples were electrophoresed on 0.8% agarose in 1X TAE buffer 25 Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth PART IV CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Growing Jasmine rice in different types of soil Jasmine rice was grown on chemical soil, intensive chemical soil and transition soil for 10 weeks We counted the tiller number of each plant and calculated the average of tiller number per pots (3 plants in a pot) In chemical soil, the average of tiller number of group at week is highest In intensive chemical soil, the average of tiller number of group is better than group and group after week In transition soil, the average of tiller number of group is better than group and group at week and week 10 After week 8, the average of tiller number of chemical soil is better than intensive chemical soil and transition soil Therefore, the soils have high tiller number is good to grow rice At the first time, the rice plants had grown so fast During the planting process, we just added water Then the leaves turned to yellow and the rice plants can die because it didn’t have enough nutrients and space to grow 4.2 DNA extraction methods suitable for three types of soil Almost all soil samples of transition soil group and group can’t extract metagenomic DNA These samples are clay soil that stores much water, but at the high tension and DNA and clay soil particles tend to absorb organic matter including DNA Therefore, it’s difficult to extract Method (big and small glass beads) is suitable to extract metagenomic DNA for intensive chemical soil Method (small glass beads and types of buffer) that used M sodium acetate and absolute ethanol to precipitate However, DNA quality wasn’t good (lower than 1.8) so it is necessary to purify 26 Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth REFERENCES Vanavichit, A., Kamolsukyeunyong, W., Siangliw, M., Siangliw, J L., Traprab, S., Ruengphayak, S., & Tragoonrung, S (2018) Thai Hom Mali Rice: Origin and Breeding for Subsistence Rainfed Lowland Rice System Rice, 11(1), 20 Bureau of Rice Research and Development (2010) Khao Dawk Mali 105 Rice Department, Bangkok ISBN: 978–974–403-692-6 Lin, S., Chantachon, S., & Laoakka, S (2014) Quality Control Management of Traditional Jasmine Rice Production and Processing Methods Asian Culture and History, 7(1), 75 Department of Foreign Trade Rice in Thailand: Agriculture, history what makes jasmine rice so special Retrieved from: http://factsanddetails.com/southeastasia/Thailand/sub5_8h/entry-3321.html (accessed on 18/10/2017) Maksup, S., Pongpakpian, S., Roytrakul, S., Cha‐Um, S., & Supaibulwatana, K (2018) Comparative proteomics and protein profile related to phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in germinated Oryza sativa ‘KDML105’and Thai brown rice ‘Mali Daeng’for better nutritional value Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 98(2), 566-573 Kaset Organic (2010) Thai Hom Mali Rice Organic https://www.kasetorganic.com/thai-hom-mali-rice-organic.html Retrieved from: (accessed on 12/03/2010) Juliano, B O (1982) An international survey of methods used for evaluation of the cooking and eating qualities of milled rice YOSHIHASHI, T., NGUYEN, T T H., & KABAKI, N (2004) Area dependency of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline content in an aromatic rice variety, Khao Dawk Mali 105 Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly: JARQ, 38(2), 105-109 Varinruk, B (2017, April) Thailand rice production and rice R&D on climate change In Strengthening APEC cooperation on food security and climate change workshop, Hilton Hanoi opera hotel, Hanoi, Viet Nam (pp 19-21) 10 Pitiphunpong, S., & Suwannaporn, P (2009) Physicochemical properties of KDML 105 rice cultivar from different cultivated locations in Thailand Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 89(13), 2186-2190 11 Maclean, J., Hardy, B., & Hettel, G (2013) Rice Almanac: Source book for one of the most important economic activities on earth IRRI 27 Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth 12 Summart, J., Panichajakul, S., Prathepha, P., & Thanonkeo, P (2008) Callus induction and influence of culture condition and culture medium on growth of Thai Aromatic rice, Khao Dawk Mali 105, cell culture World Applied Sciences Journal, 5(2), 246-251 13 Wangcharoen, W., Phanchaisri, C., Daengpok, W., Phuttawong, R., Hangsoongnern, T., & Phanchaisri, B (2016) Consumer acceptance test and some related properties of selected KDML 105 rice mutants Journal of food science and technology, 53(9), 3550-3556 14 Chourwong, P., & Iaprasert, W (2018) The optimum conditions cultivated KDML 105 off season in Chachoengsao Province National and International Research conference, 1(9), 174-183 15 OK Nation (2014) The direction of Thai jasmine rice Retrieved from: http://www.oknation.net/blog/sonorwut/2014/01/04/entry-1 (accessed on 03/11/2015) 16 Sheth, R U., Cabral, V., Chen, S P., & Wang, H H (2016) Manipulating bacterial communities by in situ microbiome engineering Trends in Genetics, 32(4), 189-200 17 Ursell, L K., Haiser, H J., Van Treuren, W., Garg, N., Reddivari, L., Vanamala, J., & Knight, R (2014) The intestinal metabolome: an intersection between microbiota and host Gastroenterology, 146(6), 1470-1476 18 Bouskra, D., Brézillon, C., Bérard, M., Werts, C., Varona, R., Boneca, I G., & Eberl, G (2008) Lymphoid tissue genesis induced by commensals through NOD1 regulates intestinal homeostasis Nature, 456(7221), 507 19 Wang, B., Yao, M., Lv, L., Ling, Z., & Li, L (2017) The human microbiota in health and disease Engineering, 3(1), 71-82 20 McFall-Ngai, M., Hadfield, M G., Bosch, T C., Carey, H V., Domazet-Lošo, T., Douglas, A E., & Hentschel, U (2013) Animals in a bacterial world, a new imperative for the life sciences Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(9), 3229-3236 21 Berg, G., Grube, M., Schloter, M., & Smalla, K (2014) The plant microbiome and its importance for plant and human health Frontiers in microbiology, 5, 22 Müller, D B., Vogel, C., Bai, Y., & Vorholt, J A (2016) The plant microbiota: systems-level insights and perspectives annual review of genetics, 50, 211-234 23 Neeru, N., Kothe, E., & Behl, R K (2009) Role of root exudates in plant-microbe interactions Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, 82(2), 122-130 28 Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth 24 Dakora, F D., & Phillips, D A (2002) Root exudates as mediators of mineral acquisition in low-nutrient environments In Food Security in Nutrient-Stressed Environments: Exploiting Plants’ Genetic Capabilities (pp 201-213) Springer, Dordrecht 25 Rougier, M (1981) Secretory activity of the root cap In Plant Carbohydrates II (pp 542-574) Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 26 Walker, T S., Bais, H P., Grotewold, E., & Vivanco, J M (2003) Root exudation and rhizosphere biology Plant physiology, 132(1), 44-51 27 Rincon-Florez, V A., Carvalhais, L C., & Schenk, P M (2013) Culture-independent molecular tools for soil and rhizosphere microbiology Diversity, 5(3), 581-612 28 Glick, B R (2014) Bacteria with ACC deaminase can promote plant growth and help to feed the world Microbiological research, 169(1), 30-39 29 Quiza, L., St-Arnaud, M., & Yergeau, E (2015) Harnessing phytomicrobiome signaling for rhizosphere microbiome engineering Frontiers in plant science, 6, 507 30 Mueller, U G., & Sachs, J L (2015) Engineering microbiomes to improve plant and animal health Trends in microbiology, 23(10), 606-617 31 Foo, J L., Ling, H., Lee, Y S., & Chang, M W (2017) Microbiome engineering: curent applications and its future Biotechnology journal 32 Stephen How to Create Amazing Garden Soil from Clay, Silt or Sand Retrieved from: http://www.livingoffgridguide.com/gardening/how-to-create-amazing-garden- soil/ (accessed on 25/11/2015) 33 Leineriza Different Soil Types – Know Your Soil Type Retrieved from: http://agverra.com/blog/soil-types/ (accessed on 07/04/2011) 29 Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth APPENDICES Data of weight soil samples before and after drying Soil sample Luan van C1/1 C1/2 C1/3 C2/1 C2/2 C2/3 C3/1 C3/2 C3/3 I1/1 I1/2 I1/3 I2/1 I2/2 I2/3 I3/1 I3/2 I3/3 T1/1 T1/2 T1/3 T2/1 T2/2 T2/3 T3/1 T3/2 T3/3 Number of foil 12 20 10 108 272 291 261 26 21 105 88 13 19 96 115 208 117 225 75 35 264 43 weight foil (g) 1.6171 1.6611 1.5682 1.6647 1.4501 1.6086 1.6720 1.5899 1.6154 1.6551 1.4299 1.4980 1.5978 1.4983 1.6166 1.6155 1.6721 1.6656 1.4433 1.5516 1.5976 1.4422 1.6047 1.5044 1.6619 1.6124 1.4950 (Before) weight soil + foil+water (g) 16.3541 14.5528 17.2374 17.0442 13.8774 14.3359 14.6897 14.8204 16.9662 14.3519 12.7824 12.0107 18.1602 15.0424 22.5251 29.0078 15.9047 16.3307 18.1687 21.0064 15.8392 12.8204 19.6004 19.3792 32.4751 18.4746 19.5503 weight soil + water (g) 14.7370 12.8917 15.6692 15.3795 12.4273 12.7273 13.0177 13.2305 15.3508 12.6968 11.3525 10.5127 16.5624 13.5441 20.9085 27.3923 14.2326 14.6651 16.7254 19.4548 14.2416 11.3782 17.9957 17.8748 30.8132 16.8622 18.0553 (After) weight soil + foil (g) weight soil (g) Huminity (g) 15.4161 13.6330 16.0488 16.2993 13.1574 13.9789 14.0360 14.4509 16.0833 13.2603 11.7190 11.0574 16.1962 14.6212 20.7949 25.5822 14.7297 15.5573 16.4256 18.9567 14.5582 12.7890 19.5695 19.3430 28.1857 16.8502 17.5692 13.7990 11.9719 14.4806 14.6346 11.7073 12.3703 12.3640 12.8610 14.4679 11.6052 10.2891 9.55940 14.5984 13.1229 19.1783 23.9667 13.0576 13.8917 14.9823 17.4051 12.9606 11.3468 17.9648 17.8386 26.5238 15.2378 16.0742 0.9380 0.9198 1.1886 0.7449 0.7200 0.3570 0.6537 0.3695 0.8829 1.0916 1.0634 0.9533 1.9640 0.4212 1.7302 3.4256 1.1750 0.7734 1.7431 2.0497 1.2810 0.0314 0.0309 0.0362 4.2894 1.6244 1.9811 % huminity Real weight soil for using (g) 6.364931804 7.134823181 7.585581906 4.843460451 5.793696137 2.804993989 5.021624404 2.792789388 5.751491779 8.597441875 9.367099758 9.068079561 11.85818480 3.109841185 8.275103427 12.50570416 8.255694673 5.273745150 10.42187332 10.53570327 8.994775868 0.275966322 0.171707686 0.202519748 13.92065738 9.633381172 10.97240146 (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth 319.0947954 321.4044695 322.7567457 314.5303814 317.3810884 308.4149820 315.0648732 308.3783682 317.2544753 325.7923256 328.1012993 327.2042387 335.5745544 309.3295236 324.8253103 337.5171125 324.7670840 315.8212355 331.2656200 331.6071098 326.9843276 300.8278990 300.5151231 300.6075592 341.7619721 328.9001435 332.9172044 (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth Data of tiller number in each week of planting (3 seeds per pot) Tiller number Week C1/1 C1/2 C1/3 C2/1 C2/2 C2/3 C3/1 C3/2 C3/3 6, 9, 9, 11, 10, 8, 9, 8, 11 5, 11, 6, 4, 10 12, 9, 10 10, 4, 7, 9, 21, 17, 20 22, 19, 21 22, 19, 21 25, 23, 19 12, 25, 23 25, 13, 16 24, 24, 26 26, 13, 17 20, 24, 19 35, 30, 28 30, 39, 40 33, 33, 44 37, 34, 31 28, 42, 39 48, 26, 33 36, 33, 38 25, 20, 46 36, 43, 37 48, 45, 42 40, 47, 55 39, 43, 61 52, 47, 44 45, 50, 36 42, 37, 60 48, 44, 48 57, 40, 25 43, 62, 55 55, 50, 57 63, 75, 51 50, 73, 49 64, 60, 51 66, 79, 47 52, 43, 65 60, 58, 61 62, 82, 40 60, 72, 70 60, 53, 73 66, 74, 51 52, 70, 47 65, 66, 52 69, 77, 51 49, 44, 60 65, 54, 63 72, 55, 37 69, 73, 50 10 54, 55, 64 58, 70, 50 72, 46, 46 66, 67, 50 65, 75, 44 46, 43, 64 59, 47, 63 34, 69, 51 49, 70, 67 Luan van (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth Tiller number Week Luan van I1/1 I1/2 I1/3 I2/1 I2/2 I2/3 I3/1 I3/2 I3/3 13, 7, 11, 10, 11 13, 12, 12 4, 9, 8, 10, 9, 9, 10 7, 7, 11, 11, 13 11, 11, 12 25, 19, 20 17, 21, 22 28, 32, 25 12, 24, 17 17, 25, 16 22, 22, 21 17, 18, 18 25, 24, 31 24, 30, 24 40, 30, 35 29, 35, 31 37, 48, 37 31, 17, 42 26, 28, 43 41, 37, 33 30, 33, 26 32, 33, 42 40, 49, 40 49, 48, 59 51, 34, 38 44, 60, 53 26, 54, 65 36, 40, 32 45, 48, 48 46, 51, 38 49, 41, 36 47, 49, 60 68, 58, 70 53, 52, 80 53, 70, 54 92, 37, 70 50, 47, 42 62, 55, 50 55, 71, 66 47, 50, 58 56, 78, 55 66, 55, 71 46, 46, 79 48, 60, 53 38, 66, 88 40, 50, 51 59, 58, 52 69, 76, 62 60, 46, 41 73, 44, 58 10 64, 60, 75 72, 45, 46 50, 63, 48 38, 93, 72 41, 47, 48 57, 52, 48 60, 72, 69 56, 48, 43 55, 71, 42 (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth (Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth(Luan.van.tot.nghiep).development.of.dna.extraction.method.of.chemical intensive.chemical.and.transition.soil.and.the.effect.of.different.soil.on.jasmine.rice.growth
Ngày đăng: 30/12/2023, 03:21
Xem thêm:
