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Tiêu đề Why And How To Rescue Dragon Fruit In Vietnam, Use Supply And Demand Theory And Market Structure
Tác giả Nguyễn Thiều Tấn Lộc, Bùi Thị Tuyết Nhi, Trần Hoàng Thái Hiên, Phan Đình Võ
Người hướng dẫn Mrs. Nguyen Quynh Huong
Trường học Ton Duc Thang University
Chuyên ngành Business Administration
Thể loại Essay
Năm xuất bản 2023-2024
Thành phố TPHCM
Định dạng
Số trang 48
Dung lượng 9,34 MB

Cấu trúc

  • CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW (10)
    • 1. MARKET OVERVIEW OF VIETNAM PLANTS / WATERPROOF (10)
    • 2. OVERVIEW OF THE PLANTS/WATER WATERPROOF MARKET IN THE LAST YEARS:8 3. PRODUCTION SITUATION OF LENGTH (10)
    • I. Demand (18)
      • 1. DEFINE (18)
      • 2. EXPORT MARKET (19)
      • 3. PERSONAL DEMAND AND MARKET DEMAND (26)
      • 4. QUANTITY DEMANDED (26)
      • 5. RULES OF DEMAND (26)
      • 6. FACTORS AFFECTING DEMAND (26)
      • 7. Curve (28)
    • II. SUPPLY (29)
      • 1. PERSONAL SUPPLY AND MARKET SUPPLY (29)
      • 2. QUANTITY SUPPLIED (29)
      • 3. LAW OF SUPPLY (29)
      • 4. NON-PRICE DETERMINANTS OF SUPPLY (29)
      • 1. DEMAND OF DRAGON FRUIT (30)
    • III. THE SUPPLY OF DRAGON FRUIT (36)
  • CHAPTER 3 (41)
    • I. SOLUTION TO RESCUE DRAGON FRUIT IN VIETNAM (41)
    • II. WHY AND SOLUTIONS FOR DRAGON FRUIT VIETNAM (43)
    • III. CONCLUSION (47)
    • IV. REFERENCES (47)

Nội dung

Trang 1 TON DUC THANG UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATIONESSAYMICROECONOMICSLecture or Tutor name: Mrs.Nguyen Quynh HuongGroup 1:Whyand how to rescue Dragon fruit in Vietnam,

OVERVIEW

MARKET OVERVIEW OF VIETNAM PLANTS / WATERPROOF

Vietnam's dragon fruit market is well-established and thriving, catering to billions of consumers Despite the higher prices of Vietnamese red flesh dragon fruit in supermarkets compared to Chinese varieties, it continues to enjoy strong popularity among buyers.

However, the export of vegetables and fruits to China decreased by more than 25%, causing many key fruits such as dragon fruit, jackfruit, to plunge.

During the Covid-19 pandemic, many farmers faced challenges in selling their dragon fruit However, some supermarkets in Vietnam reported a significant increase in dragon fruit sales, rising from 2.5 to 3.5 times the usual amount.

OVERVIEW OF THE PLANTS/WATER WATERPROOF MARKET IN THE LAST YEARS:8 3 PRODUCTION SITUATION OF LENGTH

At some supermarkets in Vietnam, the amount of dragon fruit sold has increased by 2.5 - 3.5 times compared to normal days

In the last two months, vegetable and fruit exports to China totaled 261.2 million USD, reflecting a significant decline of 25.8% compared to the same period in 2021 This downturn is primarily attributed to a decrease in dragon fruit exports, which are among the highest value products in this market.

According to Vietnamnet, the price of dragon fruit has dropped to 1,000-2,000 VND/kg, and agricultural vehicles have been stranded at the border with China for over three months This ongoing situation has caused a significant decline in the prices of various agricultural products in the field.

The dragon fruit tree, a member of the cactus family, originates from the deserts of Mexico and Colombia and is classified among dry tropical plants Introduced to Vietnam by the French in the 19th century, dragon fruit was initially cultivated in gardens and only began commercial production in the 1980s The predominant variety grown in Vietnam is Hylocereus undatus, characterized by its red or pink skin and white flesh, while a smaller percentage features red flesh Notably, the white-fleshed variety with red skin comprises 95% of the production, with the red-fleshed variant making up the remaining 5%.

The dragon fruit season spans from April to October, with peak activity occurring between May and August Various dragon fruit varieties are cultivated to enhance yield and quality, tailored to the specific soil and climate of different regions The Southern Fruit Tree Institute preserves 20 domestic and imported dragon fruit varieties, along with 40 hybrid varieties, which are utilized for research, gene conservation, and breeding purposes.

Dragon fruit is now extensively cultivated throughout various provinces and cities in the country, with the largest concentrations found in Binh Thuan, Long An, and Tien Giang, which collectively cover over 37,000 hectares Other notable growing regions include Tay Ninh, Dong Nai, parts of the Central Highlands, and several northern provinces.

Dragon fruit is cultivated across 30 provinces in Vietnam, with significant growth in specialized farming areas The provinces of Binh Thuan, Long An, and Tien Giang dominate production, covering 29,000 ha, 11,000 ha, and 8,000 ha respectively Together, these regions account for 93.6% of the total cultivation area and 95.5% of the nation's dragon fruit output.

In the North, dragon fruit has just been planted in some places such as Lang Son,Vinh Phuc, Hai Duong, Quang Ninh, Thanh Hoa and Hanoi.

Developing dragon fruit cultivation in Vietnam

Vietnam's main dragon fruit growing regions (red)

Vietnam is the largest producer and exporter of dragon fruit in Asia, boasting an extensive cultivation area that expanded from 5,512 hectares in 2000 to 35,665 hectares by 2014 This growth resulted in a remarkable production of approximately 614,346 tons in 2014, with preliminary estimates for 2015 indicating an additional increase to nearly 5,000 hectares and a total output of around 686,195 tons.

Dragon fruit cultivation has expanded across various provinces in Vietnam, with significant large-scale farming concentrated in Binh Thuan, Tien Giang, and Long An These three provinces collectively represent 92% of the total dragon fruit area and 96% of the national output Binh Thuan leads the way, accounting for 63.2% of the cultivation area and 68.4% of the country's production, followed closely by Long An Additional dragon fruit farming is also present in southern provinces like Vinh Long, Tra Vinh, Tay Ninh, and Ba Ria – Vung Tau, as well as some areas in the north.

(accounting for 17.3% of the area and 14.2% of the production) volume) and ranked third is Tien Giang (accounting for 10.9% of area and 13.7% of output).

Area, productivity and output of dragon fruit of Vietnam in 2015 Địa phương Diện tích gieo trồng

Trồng mới (ha) Diện tích cho sản phẩm (ha)

Gia Lai 100.4 1.5 91.2 80.4 733.4 Đăk Lăk 213.5 29.6 169.4 124.1 2,102.0 Đăk Nông 70.0 0.0 64.0 98.6 631.0

Nguồn: Bộ Nông nghiệp và Phát triển Nông thôn http://vietnamtradeoffice.net/tinh-hinh-san-xuat-va-tieu-thu-thanh-long-viet-nam/

Dragon fruit trees have recently been cultivated for high yields, significantly boosting income for farmers With advancements in agricultural technology, dragon fruit now produces fruit year-round, often fetching prices 3,000 to 5,000 VND per kilogram higher than during the main harvest season, making it highly suitable for export As a result, dragon fruit has emerged as a lucrative economic crop with a strong competitive edge over other agricultural products.

Dragon fruit is predominantly available in the market as fresh produce, with the domestic market comprising approximately 15-20% of total output The majority, around 80-85%, is exported, primarily through cross-border trade with Chinese traders.

Dragon fruit consumption is predominantly found in the Northern region, Ho Chi Minh City, and central coastal provinces of Vietnam Trading activities involve enterprises and establishments that purchase and package dragon fruits for distribution through wholesale markets, including the Southern Wholesale Market in Hanoi and Long Bien wholesale market This fruit is also available in major supermarket chains such as CoopMart, Lotte Mart, and Big C However, due to the abundance of fruit varieties in the Vietnamese market, dragon fruit faces significant competition, with domestic consumption estimated at only 15-20% of total output.

Demand

Demand refers to the quantity of goods or services that consumers are willing and able to purchase at various price levels over a specific period, assuming other factors remain constant It is driven by consumer behavior and preferences.

Demand schedule: a table that shows the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded

Example: Helen’s demand for lattes.

Notice that Helen’s preferences obey the Law of Demand.

Dragon fruit is exported to approximately 40 countries and regions worldwide, including traditional markets like China, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Netherlands, and Taiwan Additionally, it has gained traction in demanding markets such as the United States, Italy, Japan, and Singapore, while also making inroads into emerging markets like India, New Zealand, Australia, and Chile.

According to statistics, in 2015, Vietnam exported about 900,000 tons of dragon fruit.

In the first eight months of 2016, dragon fruit exports represented 49.8% of the total fruit export turnover, totaling US$567.88 million, which marked a significant increase of 123% compared to the same period in the previous year Notably, in August 2016, exports reached US$86.15 million, reflecting an 18.3% rise from the previous month and an impressive 200.5% increase compared to August 2015.

Dragon fruit export turnover in the months from 2014 to 2016

Dragon fruit export turnover to markets in 2014

Dragon fruit export turnover to markets in 2015

In the first eight months of 2016, China emerged as the primary export market for dragon fruit, representing 91.2% of total turnover, which amounted to US$518.1 million—a remarkable increase of 165.3% compared to the same period last year Notably, in August 2016, exports reached USD 81.22 million, marking an 18% rise from the previous month and a staggering 248.5% increase compared to August 2015.

In the first eight months of this year, the United States became Vietnam's second largest market for dragon fruit exports, generating $11.64 million and representing 2.1% of the total export turnover, marking a significant increase of 48.2% compared to the same period last year In August 2016, exports reached $476,000, reflecting a 9% decline from the previous month, yet demonstrating a remarkable 195.2% growth compared to August 2015.

In August 2016, Thailand emerged as Vietnam's third largest export market for dragon fruit, generating a revenue of $1.09 million, which marked a significant 73.3% increase from the previous month and a 12.8% rise compared to the same period the previous year However, the total accumulated export value for the first eight months of the year reached $9.73 million, representing 1.7% of Vietnam's total exports, but reflecting a 16.7% decline from the same timeframe last year.

Main export market of dragon fruit in the first 8 months of 2016

Thị trường 8T/2016 So với 8T/2015 (%) Tỷ trọng (%)

Vietnam's dragon fruit exports have experienced a decline for three consecutive years since 2019, as reported by VTV and the Import-Export Department of the Ministry of Industry and Trade The challenges faced in 2021 and 2022 were exacerbated by the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic.

3.PERSONAL DEMAND AND MARKET DEMAND

Consumer demand for specific goods or services is considered personal demand, while market demand represents the total of all individual demands for those goods or services.

The demand for a commodity is the amount of goods that buyers can and will be willing to buy.

-Stating that the demand for a goods decreases when the price increases, other factors are constant.

In other words, the price and demand quantity have an inversely proportional relationship.

-The price of related goods:substitutesandcomplements

Anything that causes a shift in tastes toward a good will increase demand for that good and shift its D curve to the right.

\-Expectations affect consumers’ buying decisions.

If people expect their incomes to rise, their demand for meals at expensive restaurants may increase now.

-Show how the price affects the demand, other factors are constant.

- When one of these factors changes, the curve is shifted

EX: Helen’s Demand Schedule & Curve

SUPPLY

Supply refers to the quantity of goods or services that producers are willing and able to offer at various price levels within a specific timeframe, assuming other factors remain constant.

1 PERSONAL SUPPLY AND MARKET SUPPLY:

-The supply of each manufacturer for a number of goods or services is personal supply.

- The market supply for a type of goods or service is the sum of all the bows of that type of goods or services

-The quantity supplied of any good is the amount that sellers are willing and able to sell.

-The claim that the quantity supplied of a good rises when the price of the good rises, other things equal

4 NON-PRICE DETERMINANTS OF SUPPLY

The supply curve shows how price affects quantity supplied, other things being equal.

These “other things” are non-price determinants of supply.

Changes in them shift the S curve…

Price …causes a movement along the S curve

Input Prices …shifts the S curve

# of Sellers …shifts the S curve

According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), the average monthly income of employees in Vietnam during the 19-year Covid period was 5.2 million VND, reflecting a decline of over 5% compared to the previous year Informal income experienced an even greater decrease of 8.4%, with a reduction of 4.7% from the same period last year Notably, employees with higher qualifications faced less income reduction, while many workers encountered job losses, reduced hours, and decreased earnings.

-Income is a decisive factor for consumers' buying ability When the income changes, the ability to buy goods changes, causing the demand to change services and goods.

The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly impacted dragon fruit exports, leading to a sharp decline in purchasing prices, sometimes dropping to just 2,000 - 3,000 VND/kg Primarily consumed in the Chinese market, dragon fruit remains a nutritious option that can enhance the immune system As health awareness rises during the pandemic, there is an increasing demand for dragon fruit, positioning it as a valuable product for boosting nutritional health and resistance.

1.2 The price of related goods:

Custard apple (4-5 fruits/kg): 60,000 VND/kg

Hoa Loc sand mango (2 fruits/kg): 60,000 - 80,000 VND/kg

Tangerine oranges (4-5 fruits/kg): 50,000 VND/kg

Round watermelon (4-5kg fruit): 20,000 VND/kg

Five-rod pomelo (1kg fruit): 40,000 VND/kg

In 2021, the export value of 11 high-value fruit varieties from Vietnam reached an estimated $1.795 billion, reflecting a 17% increase compared to 2020, according to data from BSA (Center for Business Research and Business Support).

Dragon fruit export value reached an estimated $978 million, representing over 50% of total export value and marking a 6% increase from 2020 The primary export product is white flesh dragon fruit, with peak exports occurring between January and May China, Hong Kong, and Macao are the leading markets, accounting for more than 64% of the annual export value.

In 2021, banana exports reached an estimated value of 225 million USD, marking a significant increase of 41% compared to 2020 The peak export months for bananas are March and April, with the primary markets being Asian countries, including China, Singapore, and Hong Kong.

In 2021, the export value of mangoes reached an impressive 220 million USD, marking a significant increase of 412% from 2020 While the export figures also encompass guava and mangosteen, these fruits collectively contribute only about 4% to the total mango export value China remains the primary import market, with peak export periods occurring in March and April Additionally, processed products like dried mangoes are gaining popularity in European markets, particularly in Russia and Ukraine, with the export value of dried mangoes estimated at around 15 million USD in 2021, a substantial rise from 1.8 million USD in 2020.

In 2021, the export value of jackfruit reached an estimated $167 million, marking a 14% increase from the previous year The peak export season for this tropical fruit occurs between November and April, with China being the dominant market, accounting for nearly 75% of total exports.

–Durian:export value in 2021 is estimated at $97.8 million, up 37% compared to

In 2020, Hong Kong and Taiwan emerged as the leading importing countries for durian, representing 28% and 24% of the export value, respectively The peak export period for fresh unprocessed durian products occurs from June to September, highlighting the seasonal demand for this popular fruit.

The export value of coconut, grapefruit, and pineapple fruits is estimated at $31 million, $9.2 million, and $723,000, showing significant growth since 2020 with increases of 37%, 34%, and 100%, respectively China and Thailand are the leading importers of coconuts, representing 24% and 21.5% of the total export turnover.

Hong Kong is the leading destination for pomelo exports, receiving 42% of the total export value Additionally, grapefruit enjoys popularity in temperate countries, with the Netherlands contributing 13% and Canada accounting for 9% of the export turnover for this fruit.

In 2021, the export values of several fruits, including watermelon, longan, and rambutan, experienced significant declines Watermelon saw an estimated export value of $51 million, a 62% decrease, while longan's export value reached $8.7 million, down 55% Rambutan exports were estimated at $5.1 million, reflecting a 43% drop compared to the previous year China remains the primary market for these fruits, with the peak export season occurring from January to April.

Vietnam is experiencing a growing consumer demand for dragon fruit, with Long An province producing approximately 330,000 tons annually The country's dragon fruit export market holds significant potential, as evidenced by an export turnover of USD 81.22 million in August 2016 Notably, the United States ranks as the second-largest market for Vietnamese dragon fruit exports.

Dragon fruit is a nutritious and refreshing fruit rich in vitamins and minerals that bolster the immune system, aid in weight loss, enhance digestion, combat aging, and benefit diabetics As one of Vietnam's early export fruits, dragon fruit has seen significant improvements in quality and export volume, successfully catering to demanding global markets.

In addition to exporting fresh dragon fruit, processed products derived from this fruit, such as Vinut's pure dragon fruit juice, have gained significant popularity in international markets.

US, Russia, Canada, Colombia, Australia https://vinut.vn/top-8-trai-cay-viet-nam-xuat-khau-nhieu-nhat/

THE SUPPLY OF DRAGON FRUIT

Vietnam is home to three varieties of dragon fruit: round, long, and rambutan (small fruit), with their shapes influenced by ecological conditions such as light and care methods The Vietnamese dragon fruit, characterized by its white flesh, is a purebred variety propagated through cloning by cuttings Additionally, there are two other varieties with red and yellow flesh, which are currently being cultivated and monitored, although they exhibit weaker growth compared to the native variety The red and yellow varieties produce smaller fruits with thicker skins Golden shell dragon fruit seedlings are available for purchase at a price of 20,000 VND per tree.

Roots play a crucial role in the growth of plants, especially dragon fruit, as they absorb essential nutrients from the soil and fertilizers This nutrient uptake is vital for the healthy development of dragon fruit trees, leading to larger plants and quicker harvests Consequently, many farmers are increasingly focusing on the application of root fertilizers to enhance their gardens To achieve optimal results, it's important to choose the right type of fertilizer that is both suitable and effective for dragon fruit cultivation.

-Inorganic phosphate fertilizers stimulate dragon fruit roots to thrive.

Reference price:the retail price of Super phosphate ranges from 10,000 VND to 15,000 VND/kg.

- Fertilizer containing Humix stimulates the development of dragon fruit roots. -NAA-containing fertilizer - root stimulant for dragon fruit trees.

- NPK compound fertilizer contains a lot of phosphorus to support dragon fruit roots to grow strongly.

Shipping products using cold storage typically maintains their flavor and freshness for 10-15 days However, with effective post-harvest handling and techniques like soaking in Natacoat and packaging in GreenMAP bags, preservation can extend beyond 45 days Detailed methods for achieving this are outlined below.

To determine the optimal harvest time, monitor the fruit's maturity and weight changes The fruit experiences rapid weight gain until it transitions from green to fully red, typically around 30 days after blooming Color change begins on the 25th day, with the rind developing a uniform red hue by day 30 After 30-32 days post-blooming, the fruit can be stored for approximately three weeks at 10°C and 90-95% humidity.

Before harvesting dragon fruit, it is essential to prepare all necessary equipment, including bags, lining paper, and storage containers Ensure that tools are sharp, clean, and well-maintained to facilitate the harvesting of the fruit After cutting, store the dragon fruit in plastic baskets and keep them cool while promptly classifying and transporting them to the packing warehouse, avoiding prolonged exposure in the garden All equipment and materials that come into contact with the fruit should be made from non-contaminating materials, thoroughly cleaned before use, and stored separately from chemicals, fertilizers, and additives to minimize pollution risks.

To ensure optimal fruit quality and extended preservation, harvest should occur 30 to 34 days after blooming It is crucial to stop using pesticides and growth stimulants 7 to 10 days prior to harvest For the best results, harvest during the early morning or cool afternoon to avoid direct sunlight, which can raise fruit temperatures, leading to dehydration and negatively impacting quality and storage duration.

Preliminary treatment of fruit involves thoroughly washing the skin with clean water to prevent cross-contamination Following this, a fungicide and preservative treatment is applied by soaking the fruit in a Natacoat solution, which consists of 10% Natamycin diluted between 3,000 to 5,000 times for a duration of three minutes After treatment, the fruit should be allowed to dry naturally or with the aid of thermal wind.

Preserve Stored at 12-14oC will keep dragon fruit fresh for 15-20 days The shelf life of dragon fruit can be increased by packing in GreenMAP bags.

Using the recommended preservation solution alongside GreenMAP bags, dragon fruit can be effectively preserved for over 45 days, making it suitable for sea export to Canada and subsequent sale in supermarkets.

Exporters can enhance storage longevity by utilizing solutions like ethylene absorber packages and desiccant packs, tailored to specific needs Alternatively, the Purfresh device, installed in containers, generates ozone that simultaneously reduces ethylene levels and provides antibacterial and antifungal properties, potentially extending storage time by 50 to 60 days.

Products used in the preservation solution:

Natacoat is an effective anti-fungal solution that inhibits yeast and mold growth on post-harvest fruits, even at low doses By immersing fresh produce in Natacoat diluent, a protective wax-like film is created on the fruit, enhancing its resistance to fungal infections and preventing dehydration during post-harvest handling.

GreenMAP bags utilize an air barrier material that modifies the gas environment to slow down the respiratory process of vegetables, thereby extending their freshness while preserving essential nutrients Constructed from LDPE plastic and enhanced with non-toxic inorganic additives like silica, zeolite, and bentonite, GreenMAP bags ensure safe storage for your produce.

In the difficult context, Dragon fruit to catch domestic consumer demand to recover after the epidemic => strengthen distribution channels, expand the farm system and develop new products =>increase supply

Vietnamese dragon fruit has received a prestigious 5-star rating in Australia, highlighting its quality and appeal In 2021, new varieties of this popular fruit are set to reach consumers, further enhancing its market presence To promote these exports, the Ministry of Industry and Trade, in collaboration with the Departments of Industry and Trade from Long An and Binh Thuan provinces, organized an online conference on August 30-31, 2021, aimed at connecting Vietnamese dragon fruit with potential export markets.

The major dragon fruit suppliers of the world are:

• Asia: Vietnam, Thailand, Taiwan, Sri Lanka …

• America: Mexico, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala

Nicaragua is a key exporter of red dragon fruit to the USA, Canada, Europe, and Japan, while Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Costa Rica cultivate dragon fruit on a smaller scale in local gardens Colombia stands out as the leading supplier of yellow dragon fruit, and Ecuador produces both yellow and red varieties Additionally, Israel is recognized as a notable dragon fruit supplier for European markets.

Overview of export and import of dragon fruits in the world

Vietnam is the world's largest dragon fruit supplier, dominating markets in Asia, Europe, and occasionally the United States Following Vietnam, Thailand and Israel rank as the second and third largest suppliers in Europe In the U.S., Mexico and Central and South America pose significant competition to Asian suppliers due to their geographical advantages Vietnamese dragon fruit has established itself as a well-known brand among Asian Americans, while countries like Thailand and Malaysia are actively seeking to capture market share Within Asia, Vietnam is the primary supplier to China, yet competition is intensifying in markets like ASEAN and Hong Kong from Taiwan, Thailand, and Malaysia.

SOLUTION TO RESCUE DRAGON FRUIT IN VIETNAM

In Vietnam, the trend of utilizing dragon fruits as raw materials for producing various types of vermicelli and cakes has gained significant traction among businesses and individuals This innovative approach not only helps "rescue" surplus agricultural products but also introduces unique flavors and options in the culinary market.

The COVID-19 outbreak earlier this year severely impacted Vietnam's agricultural sector, leading to an oversupply of various agricultural products that could not be sold due to delayed exports Consequently, the prices of these products plummeted significantly.

The bread uses raw materials like dragon fruit Attracting customers by its quality, the breads are popular with many people for their delicious and unique flavor.

Some products such as pizza, rice vermicelli are being implemented by many businesses to contribute to the consumption of agricultural products affected by COVID-19.

The free products offer a user-friendly experience with a natural taste When preparing pizza, it's crucial for the maker to pay attention to the water quantity to enhance its flavor.

WHY AND SOLUTIONS FOR DRAGON FRUIT VIETNAM

Vietnam, known for its developed agriculture, has faced a troubling trend of "good harvest - devaluation," leading to repeated hardships for farmers While achieving a bountiful harvest was once the primary objective for farmers, it has now transformed into a source of anxiety and concern.

The demand for agricultural products remains inelastic, indicating that consumption levels are relatively stable and less influenced by price fluctuations However, traditional agricultural production is significantly affected by objective factors such as weather conditions and epidemics, which are often seasonal and vary by location.

Agricultural products are typically perishable and harvested simultaneously, leading to challenges in preservation The inherent characteristics of supply and demand in this sector create a highly competitive market, often resulting in the phenomenon of "good harvest - devaluation."

When the initial equilibrium is established at E1, the equilibrium price is P1 and the equilibrium output is Q1, leading to a total income of TR1 = P1 x Q1 However, an increase in the supply of agricultural products due to a good harvest shifts the equilibrium to E2, resulting in a new equilibrium price P2 and quantity Q2 Consequently, the total income becomes TR2 = P2 x Q2, which is lower than TR1, as the decline in price has a greater negative impact than the increase in quantity.

- In the current conditions, the agricultural product market is affected by many new factors through analysis of supply and demand factors, specifically:

Consumers are increasingly seeking high-quality products that prioritize food safety and hygiene, as well as improved preservation, packaging, and labeling In the international market, countries impose stringent economic and technical barriers to safeguard both consumer interests and domestic producers.

Recent advancements in science and technology are increasingly transforming agricultural production, leading to the development of new plant and animal varieties that are better suited to natural conditions Innovative production methods, including high-tech agricultural practices, are being widely adopted to mitigate the adverse effects of nature, resulting in a significant increase in the supply of agricultural products Consequently, the phenomenon of "good harvests" has become increasingly common Additionally, farmers rely heavily on the sale of their agricultural products for their primary income, making it impractical for them to store even easily preserved goods like rice and wait for price increases, as this would hinder their ability to finance the next planting season.

Because of the above reasons, even if the "season is good", farmers still cannot be happy.

In the marketplace, buyers typically seek low prices while sellers aim for higher profits However, there are instances where products are priced very low yet remain unsold due to quality issues, leading to a situation where the goods are deemed "spoiled."

The demand for agricultural products is characterized by inelasticity, meaning that consumption remains relatively stable and is less influenced by price fluctuations While demand stays consistent, the supply of these products is continuously increasing, often surpassing demand significantly As a result, even if prices drop due to a decrease in the quantity supplied, the impact on overall consumption remains minimal.

- Agricultural products are usually fresh foods, difficult to preserve for a long time. Therefore, even if the price is low, many consumers do not dare to buy too much.

- The price is low but the quality is not high The cheap price has only one product, not diverse, affecting purchasing power

-In addition to the reason that supply exceeds demand when in season, consumers no longer prioritize cheap prices but only trust safe, clear-origin, branded products.

To enhance agricultural production, it is essential to shift from small-scale models to large-scale operations that yield high-value goods Emphasizing the quality of agricultural products and integrating advanced science, technology, and management techniques will optimize production Additionally, the strategic use of biological products will ensure that outputs meet the highest standards for both domestic consumption and export markets.

- Enterprises and farmers work closely together or cooperate with each other to have stable output for agricultural products.

To enhance agricultural investment and support farmers in transitioning to large-scale, high-quality production, it is essential for the State to implement effective policies and provide clear guidance By addressing the challenges faced by farmers and creating a conducive environment for production, we can foster confidence and encourage sustainable agricultural development.

To minimize losses for farmers and promote fairness in the agricultural market, it is essential to enhance legal frameworks that empower growers to set their own product prices This approach ensures price stability, protects both sellers and buyers from market volatility, and alleviates pressure from traders during harvest seasons, facilitating timely consumption and reducing potential damages.

Farmers must enhance their market understanding and self-advocacy to adapt to changing times It's crucial to avoid producing based solely on personal emotions or trends; instead, they should prioritize profitability Careful calculation of production costs, including capital and agricultural material expenses, is essential for sustainable farming practices.

Strengthening the management of dragon fruit, growing area based on the approved plan

The production of dragon fruit must be oriented in accordance to GAP standards

To carry out synchronously from the production to processing stages under the provisions of the Law on Food Safety

Research and develop new plant varieties

CONCLUSION

Research indicates that rescuing dragon fruit requires a collaborative effort beyond the agricultural sector, necessitating investments in preservation and storage facilities Additionally, enhancing the skill development of agricultural extension centers is crucial, alongside ensuring banks offer loans at reasonable interest rates High-interest rates pose a barrier for farmers seeking capital and for businesses looking to invest in an already risky agricultural landscape.

Agricultural production faces numerous risks, such as unpredictable weather and market fluctuations To address these challenges, it is essential for the government to develop policies that promote collaboration across various sectors, fostering sustainable agricultural practices.

Rescuing dragon fruit represents a temporary fix rather than a lasting solution; thus, a unified effort is crucial to revitalize the agricultural economy and specifically the dragon fruit industry By collaborating with a long-term vision and strategic policies, we can secure sustainable and prosperous growth for the agricultural sector in the future.

REFERENCES

https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/firmenich-announces-dragon-fruit-as-2023-flavor-of-the- year-301694790.html https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/dragon-fruit-market

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