(LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ) A study on expansion expressed in President Barack Obama''''s inauguration speech

1 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES NGUYỄN THỊ THÚY HẰNG A STUDY ON EXPANSION EXPRRESSED IN PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA’S INAUGURATION SPEECH NGHIÊN CỨU VỀ BÀNH TRƯỚNG ĐƯỢC THỂ HIỆN TRONG DIỄN VĂN NHẬM CHỨC CỦA TỔNG THỐNG BARACK OBAMA MA MINOR THESIS FIELD: ENGLISH LINGUISTICS CODE: 60 22 15 Hanoi -2010 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES NGUYỄN THỊ THÚY HẰNG A STUDY ON EXPANSION EXPRRESSED IN PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA’S INAUGURATION SPEECH NGHIÊN CỨU VỀ BÀNH TRƯỚNG ĐƯỢC THỂ HIỆN TRONG DIỄN VĂN NHẬM CHỨC CỦA TỔNG THỐNG BARACK OBAMA MA MINOR THESIS FIELD: ENGLISH LINGUISTICS CODE: 60 22 15 SUPERVISOR: PROF DR HOÀNG VĂN VÂN Hanoi -2010 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com NOTATIONAL CONVENTIONS  Boundary Markers ||| : clause complex boundary || : clause boundary  Types of dependency 1, 2, 3, … : Parataxis α, β, γ, … : Hypotaxis  Logico-semantic relations Expansion: = : Elaboration + : Extension × : Enhancement Projection: " : Locution ' : Idea  Others 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ….: number of clause complex in the text (1), (2), (3), …: number of clause in the text TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Declaration i Acknowledgements ii Abstract iii Notational conventions iv Part A: INTRODUCTION Rationale Aims of the study Scope of the study Data collection Methods of the study Design of the study Part B: DEVELOPMENT Chapter 1: Theoretical background 1.1 An overview of systemic functional grammar 1.2 Functions 1.2.1 Micro-function 1.2.2 Macro-function 1.2.3 Metafunction Three metafunctions of the language 1.3.1 Ideational metafunction 1.3.2 Interpersonal metafunction 1.3.3 Textual metafunction Clause and clause complex 1.4.1 Clause simplex and clause complex in systemic functional 1.3 1.4 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech grammar 1.4.2 Relationship between clauses in clause complex 1.4.2.1 Taxis 10 1.4.2.2 Logico-semantic relation 12 1.5 Summary Chapter 2: 10 14 Expansion and its relations between clauses in clause complexes in English 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 Expansion 15 2.3 Types of expansion 15 2.3.1 Elaboration 15 2.3.1.1 Paratactic elaboration 15 2.3.1.2 Hypotactic elaboration 16 2.3.2 Extention 2.3.2.1 Paratactic extention 19 2.3.2.2 Hypotactic extension 20 2.3.3 Enhancement 2.4 21 2.3.3.1 Paratactic enhancement 21 2.3.3.2 Hypotactic enhancement 22 Summary Chapter 3: 18 25 Expansion relations between clauses in President Barack Obama’s inauguration speech 3.1 Introduction 26 3.2 The chosen text 26 3.3 Field, Tenor, Mode 27 3.31 Field 27 3.3.2 Tenor 28 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech 3.4 3.3.3 Mode 29 Expansion relation in the speech 29 3.4.1 Data 29 3.4.2 Discussion 37 3.4.3 Summary 40 Part C: CONCLUSION Recapitulation 41 Implications 41 Suggestions for further study 42 REFERENCES 43 APPENDIX The inauguration speech of president Barack Obama I APPENDIX VI Classification of expansion relation between clauses in the clause complexes in the speech TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech 10 Part A INTRODUCTION Rationale In confirming the importance of grammar in language study, the British linguist, David Crystal (2004) states: “Grammar is the structural foundation of our ability to express ourselves The more we are aware of how it works, the more we can monitor the meaning and the effectiveness of the way we and others use language It can help foster precision, detect ambiguity, and exploit the richness of expression available in English And it can help everyone not only teachers of English, but teachers of anything, for all teaching is ultimately a matter of getting to grips with meaning.” These above sentences show us how important and valuable grammar is It is one of the most effective ways to help human understand the nature of language Therefore, it comes as no surprise to know that grammar has attracted great attention of many linguistics As a result, there are many approaches to grammar and all of them have both advantages and drawbacks Among the many trends of grammar, systemic functional grammar, which is developed by M.A.K Halliday, and other linguists such as R Hassan, D Morley, Th Bloor, …., is considered to be the most effective one This kind of grammar is concerned with both spoken and written language and focuses on functions of language In comparison with traditional grammar, which focuses on written language and is concerned with rules of correct usage, systemic functional grammar is indeed the most useful tool of analysis In Vietnam, systemic functional grammar has been studied by many grammarians such as Cao Xuân Hạo (1991) with Tiếng Việt: Sơ thảo ngữ pháp chức năng, Hoàng Văn Vân (2005) with Ngữ pháp kinh nghiệm cú tiếng Việt: Mô tả theo quan điểm chức hệ thống We, students at Department of postgraduate studies, Vietnam national university Hanoi college of foreign language, has also had a chance to learn systemic functional grammar and discover the interesting features of this new trend of grammar Systemic functional grammar, in fact, has given me much impression and inspired me to study about one TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech 60 48th ||| (116) This is the source of our confidence || (117) the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny ||| =2 EXTENSION: 16 paratactic clauses  Positive addition 3rd ||| (6) Homes have been lost; || (7) jobs shed; ||(8) businesses shuttered.||| +2 +3 4th ||| (9) Our health care is too costly; || (10) our schools fail too many; ||(11) and each +2 +3 6th ||| (14) They are serious ||(15) and they are many ||| +2 13th ||| (30) For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions ||(31) and traveled +2 across oceans in search of a new life ||| 14th ||| (32) For us, they toiled in sweatshops ||(33) and settled the West; ||(34) endured the lash of the whip ||(35) and plowed the hard earth +2 +3 +4 15th ||| (36) For us, they fought ||(37) and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg; +2 Normandy and Khe Sahn ||| 18th ||| (43) Our minds are no less inventive, ||(44) our goods and services no less TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech 61 +2 needed than they were last week or last month or last year ||| 24th||| (62) We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars || (63) and +2 run our factories ||| 36th ||| (88) Those ideals still light the world, || (89) and we will not give them up for expedience's sake ||| +2 38th ||| (92) We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to its people, ||(93) and forge a hard1 +2 earned peace in Afghanistan ||| 39th ||| (94) With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, || (95) and roll back the specter of a warming planet ||| +2 43rd ||| (105) For the world has changed, || (106) and we must change with it.||| +2 51st ||| (123) With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, || (124) and +2 endure what storms may come |||  Adversative addition TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech 62 9th ||| (20) We remain a young nation, || (21) but in the words of Scripture, the time has +2 come to set aside childish things.||| 33rd ||| (82) Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, ||(83) but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control and that a nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous|||  +2 Negative addition 40th ||| (96) We will not apologize for our way of life,||(97)nor will we waver in its +2 defense ||| ENHANCEMENT: 13 hypotactic clauses  Causal - conditional 7th ||| (16) On this day, we gather ||(17) because we have chosen hope over fear, unity α ×β of purpose over conflict and discord ||| 25th||| (64) And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities ||(65) to α ×β meet the demands of a new age ||| TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech 63 32nd ||| (80) And those of us who manage the public's dollars will be held to account to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and our business in the light of day - - || (81)because only then can we restore the vital trust between a people and their Government ||| α ×β 37th ||| (90) Guided by these principles once more, || (91) we can meet those new threats ×β α that demand even greater effort even greater cooperation and understanding between nations.||| 46th ||| (112) For as much as government can and must do, || (113) it is ultimately the ×β α faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies |||  Manner 1st ||| (1) I stand here today || (2) humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you α ×β have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors ||| 44th ||| (107) They have something to tell us today, || (108) just as the fallen heroes who lie α ×β in Arlington whisper through the ages |||  Temporal 16th ||| (38) Time and again, these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked ||(39) till their hands were raw ||(40) so that we might live a better life ||| TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech 64 α ×β ×γ 39th ||| (94) With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, || (95) and roll back the specter of a warming planet ||| +2 50th ||| (121) At a moment when the outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, || (122) ×β α the father of our nation ordered these words be read to the people: ||| 17th ||| (41) Our workers are no less productive than || (42) when this crisis began ||| α  ×β Spatial 20 th ||| (49) For everywhere we look, ||(50) there is work to be done ||| ×β α 30th ||| (76) Where the answer is yes, || (77) we intend to move forward ||| ×β α 31st ||| (78) Where the answer is no, || (79) programs will end ||| ×β α NESTING 2nd ||| (3) At these moments, America has carried on || (4) not simply because of the skill TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech 65 or vision of those in high office, || (5) but because We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forebearers, and true to our founding documents ||| (causal - addition) α ×β1 + β2 10th||| (22) The time has come || (23) to reaffirm our enduring spirit; || (24) to choose our better history; ||(25) to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness ||| (causal - addition) α ×β1 + β2 + β3 21st ||| (51) The state of the economy calls for action, bold and swift, ||(52) and we will act ||(53) not only to create new jobs, ||(54) but to lay a new foundation for growth||| (addition - causal) +2 α ×2β1 +2β2 23rd ||| (58) We will restore science to its rightful place, ||(59) and wield technology's wonders ||(60) to raise health care's quality ||(61) and lower its cost.||| (addition - causal) +2 α ×2β1 +2β2 42nd ||| (100) To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you || (101) to make your farms flourish || (102) and let clean waters flow;|| (103) to nourish starved bodies|| (104) and feed hungry minds ||| (causal - addition) α ×β1 +β2 ×γ1 +γ2 45th ||| (109) We honor them || (110) not only because they are guardians of our liberty, || (111) but because they embody the spirit of service; a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves ||| (causal - addition) α ×β1 +β2 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech 66 35th ||| (86) Our Founding Fathers, faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, ||drafted a Charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, || (87) a charter expanded by the blood of generations.||| ( Causal - elaboration ) ×β α1 = α2 19th ||| (45) Starting today, ||(46) we must pick ourselves up, ||(47) dust ourselves off, ||(48) and begin again the work of remaking America.||| ( temporal - addition) ×β α1 +α2 +α3 27th|||(68) For they have forgotten what this country has already done; ||(69) what free men and women can achieve ||(70) when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage ||| (Elaboration - temporal) =2 α ×2β 49th ||| (118) This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed || (119) why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent mall, || (120) and why a man whose father less than 60 years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath ||| ( elaboration addition) =21 +22 22nd ||| (55) We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines ||(56) that feed our commerce || (57) and bind us together ||| (elaboration - addition) α = β1 +β2 29th ||| (73) The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, || (74) but whether it works || (75) whether it helps families find jobs at a decent TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.expansion.expressed.in.President.Barack.Obama''s.inauguration.speech