(Luận văn thạc sĩ) an attitudinal study of expressivesin english and vietnamese travel blogs

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING QUY NHON UNIVERSITY TRẦN THỊ THÚY HOA AN ATTITUDINAL STUDY OF EXPRESSIVES IN h ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE TRAVEL BLOGS Field : English Linguistics Code : 8220201 Supervisor: VÕ DUY ĐỨC, PhD BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC QUY NHƠN TRẦN THỊ THÚY HOA h NGHIÊN CỨU THÁI ĐỘ THÔNG QUA HÀNH VI BIỂU CẢM TRONG CÁC BLOGS DU LỊCH TIẾNG ANH VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT Chuyên ngành : Ngôn ngữ Anh Mã số 8220201 : Người hướng dẫn: TS VÕ DUY ĐỨC i STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP I certify that the substance of this thesis has not already been submitted for any degree and is not currently being submitted for any other degree or award I also declare that any help received to successfully complete this thesis, and all sources employed, have been acknowledged in this thesis Binh Dinh, 2020 h Tran Thi Thuy Hoa ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Many individuals both academically and personally have been considered as important parts of my journey Without their support, the accomplishment of my study would have never been perfect First of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my respectable supervisor, Dr Vo Duy Duc for his considerable encouragement, timely enlightenment through valuable comments on every piece of my work Thanks to his great experience on Appraisal Theory, I have been expertly guided throughout the thesis And without his support, my study could not been perfectly completed I genuinely appreciate and learn a great deal from his intellectuality, dedication and professionalism Additionally, I would like to thank all the lecturers of my master‟s h course in Quy Nhon university, who helped me to upgrade my knowledge and my skills of Linguistics during my course They all definitely play a vital role in enriching my high interest in linguistic research to further explore other aspects of both the English and Vietnamese languages I am also indebted to the authors and experts whose works have been cited in the Literature Review part of my study Besides, my special thanks are extended to my colleagues, in Scots English Quy Nhon, who always stand by me, motivate and support me to participate in this course and fully concentrate on completing the course and my thesis Last but not least, I need to thank my family, my husband who has absolutely been my sources of motivation to confidently overcome all the challenges and obstacles during the time of my study iii ABSTRACT The thesis is a comparative study of the Attitudinal resources, employed in expressives in English and Vietnamese Travel Blogs by wellknown Bloggers The Attitudinal resources in 106 expressives of ETB and 113 expressives of VTB were analyzed by taking the Theory of Appraisal as the theoretical framework to identify some prevalence concerning typology, polarity and strategy The study found that Attitudinal resources utilization in ETB and VTB shad many resemblances The results showed that Affect was the most frequently used, and Judgment ranked at the lowest point in ETB and VTB Furthermore, as regards polarity, positive resources were employed more commonly than negative one with the purposes of providing compliments and showing bloggers‟ excitement and amazement when they h experienced a new place or a new culture The use of negative resources aims at warning the viewers about certain unexpected situations and helping them to summarize useful tips for their upcoming journeys The study also discovered that Explicit resources were more popular than Implicit ones The study hopefully contributes to the enhancement of not only speaking skills but also assessment skills of learners of English and Vietnamese, especially the language for tourism purposes iv ABBREVIATIONS Appraisal Theory Secu Security ETB English Travel Blog Sati Satisfaction VTB Vietnamese Travel Blog Au Authorial Apo Apologizing Non-Au Non-Authorial Tha Thanking Posi Positive Cong Congratulating Nega Negative Com Complimenting Ins Inscribed Cond Condoling Invo Invoked Dep Deploring Nom Nomarlity Lam Lamenting Cap Capacity Wel Welcoming Ten Tenacity For Forgiving Ver Veracity Boa Boasting Pro Propriety Lik Liking React Reaction Incl Inclination Compo Composition Happ Happiness Valua Valuation h AT v TABLE OF CONTENTS STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii ABSTRACT iii ABBREVIATIONS iv TABLE OF CONTENTS v LIST OF TABLES vii LIST OF FIGURES viii CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Aim and objectives 1.3 Research questions 1.4 Scope of the study h 1.5 Significance of the study 1.6 Structure of the thesis 1.7 Summary CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Appraisal Theory 2.1.1 An Overview of Appraisal theory 2.1.2 Attitude 2.1.3 Engagement 18 2.1.4 Graduation 19 2.2 Expressive speech acts 20 2.3 Previous studies 22 2.4 Summary 25 CHAPTER RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 26 3.1 Research methods 26 3.2 Data collection 26 3.3 Data analysis 28 3.4 Research procedures 29 vi 3.5 Reliability and validity in the research 30 3.6 Summary 30 CHAPTER FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 31 4.1 Attitudinal resources in ETB 31 4.1.1 Affect resources in ETB 31 4.1.2 Judgment resources in ETB 37 4.1.3 Appreciation resources in ETB 40 4.2 Attitudinal resources in VTB 44 4.2.1 Affect resources in VTB 44 4.2.2 Judgment resources in VTB 51 4.2.3 Appreciation resources in VTB 55 4.3 Similarities and differences of Attitudinal resources between ETB and VTB 59 4.3.1 Affect resources in ETB and VTB 59 4.3.2 Judgment resources in ETB and VTB 61 h 4.3.3 Appreciation resources in ETB and VTB 62 4.4 Summary 63 CHAPTER CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS 64 5.1 Conclusions 64 5.2 Implications 66 5.3 Limitations of the study 67 5.4 Suggestions for further research 67 REFERENCES 68 APPENDIX vii LIST OF TABLES Table Grammatical realizations of Affect 11 Table 2 The system of Affect 13 Table The system of Judgment 15 Table The system of Appreciation 16 Table Types of expressives in the study 28 Table Four sub-types of Affect resources in ETB 32 Table Inscribed and Invoked Affect in ETB 36 Table Sub-types of Judgment resources in ETB 38 Table 4 Explicit and Implicit Judgment resources in ETB 39 Table Sub-types of Appreciation in ETB 41 Table Explicit and Implicit Appreciation resources in ETB 43 h Table Four sub-types of Affect resources in VTB 45 Table Inscribed and Invoked Affect resources in VTB 50 Table Sub-types of Judgment resources in VTB 51 Table 10 Explicit and Implicit Judgment resources in VTB 54 Table 11 Sub-types of Appreciation resources in VTB 55 Table 12 Explicit and Implicit Appreciation resources in VTB 58 Table 13 Sub-systems of Attitude in ETB versus VTB 59 Table 14 Affect resources in ETB and VTB 60 Table 15 Appreciation resources in ETB and VTB 62 viii LIST OF FIGURES Figure Overview of Appraisal Figure 2 Sub-systems of Attitude Figure Judgment and Appreciation as Institutionalized Affect 10 Figure Authorial and Non-authorial Affect in ETB 34 Figure Positive and Negative Affect in ETB 35 Figure Positive and Negative Judgment in ETB 39 Figure 4 Positive and Negative Appreciation resources in ETB 42 Figure Authorial and Non-authorial Affect in VTB 47 Figure Positive and Negative Affect resources in VTB 48 Figure Positive and Negative Judgment resources in VTB 53 Figure Positive and Negative Appreciation resources in VTB 57 h