Nghiên cứu khoa học nông nghiệp " Nghe An Province Sustainable Village Based Beef Cattle Development, Training and Extension Programme - Milestone 3 " pot

Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development Nghe An Province Sustainable Village Based Beef Cattle Development, Training and Extension Programme Baseline Data Report Milestone 3 November 2007 Table of Contents Part 1 - Background 1 Part 2 - Project Intervention Report 14 Part 3 - Training Needs Analysis: 19 Part 4 - Situation Analysis for Cattle in Nghia Dan District: 22 Part 5 Feed Conservation 28 Part 6 - Pastures and Feed: Situation Analysis and Options 32 Baseline Data Report Part 1 - Background Introduction Nghia Dan District Mr Long – Vice Chairman of the Districts Peoples Committee Mr Hai – Director of Agriculture Mr Hong – Vice Director of Agriculture and Forestry Department Mr Toa – Director of the District Extension Office Mr Lie – Senior Extension Officer Nghia Dan District located in the north of the Nghe An Province in a hilly area. It has 75,000 of fertile land. The main production is Sugar cane, rubber, coffee, oranges, water melon and cattle. It has: - 30,000 Buffalo 29,000 Beef Cattle 11,000 Goat 54,000 Pigs The district is one of the most fertile in the province with good basalt soils with ph ranging from 5.8 to 6.6. The potential for development of beef farming is very good. The district has had in place a cattle breeding strategy for the last 4 years with the introduction of Sindhi cattle via AI and natural mating. Most villages have a f2 – f3 Sindhi bull. Main crops: - sugar cane, rice, oranges, water melon, corn, cassava, pineapple and peanut. In the area there are processing plants for: - Sugar cane, Pineapple, Cassava Village 1 = Nghia Son Mr Tu General Secretary (also Chairman of People’s Congress) Location in Nghe An District 1km from 19 May co Population 3000 No. Families 800 (80% agricultural worker) Families with beef cattle 160 families have beef cattle (total 400) 600 buffalo Average No. of cattle 2.5 (lto 20) Village Divided into five sections (sub-villages) Technicians 1 x Agricultural and 1 x Animal for village – all men Technicians 1 x Farmer for each section – all men University Students 20 students studying at university Average price of cattle At sale – 2,000,000 VND Associations Farmer Association in place but no Farmer Cooperatives Poverty Line 5% of families are below the provinces official poverty line Village 2 = Nghia Lam Mr Nhan General Secretary (also Chairman of People’s Congress) Mr Sinh Chairman of Village People’s Committee Location in Nghe An District 2km from 19 May co Population 8000 No. Families 1400 (80% agricultural worker) Land Area 3100 ha Families with beef cattle 350 families have beef cattle (total 700) 1300 buffalo Average No of cattle 2.5 (lto 20) Village Divided into seventeen sections (sub-villages) Technicians 1 x Agricultural and 1 x Animal for village – all men Technicians 1 x Farmer for each section – all men Average price of cattle At sale – 2,000,000 VND Associations Farmer Association in place in each section but no Farmer Cooperatives Poverty Line 25% of families are below the provinces official poverty line 2 Village 3 - Nghia Yen Mr Phu (Phan van) General Secretary (also Chairman of People’s Congress) Mr Phue (Hoang van) Chairman of Village People’s Committee Md Chu Chairperson of Woman’s Federation Location in Nghe An District 5km from 19 May co Population 6000 No. Families 1200 (85% agricultural worker) Land Area 3447ha Families with beef cattle 350 families have beef cattle (total 780) 1600 buffalo, 1800 goats, 3500 pigs Average No. of cattle 2.0 (l to 53) Village Divided into fourteen sections (sub-villages) Technicians 1 x Agricultural and 1 x Animal for village Technicians 0 x Farmer for each section, only starting training in livestock Average price of cattle At sale – 2,000,000 VND Associations Farmer Association in place in each section but no Farmer Cooperatives Poverty Line 53% of families are below the provinces official poverty line, this is the poorest village in the area. 3 Summary of Base Line data Introduction Twenty-three smallholder farmers were interviewed over a one week period from 1st March 2007. The farmers selected all had beef cattle as a production system. This selection was not totally random as we tried to get a cross section of smallholders. Three different villages were selected in a 12Km radius of the 19 May Co. The villages were approximately 25Km from Nghia Dan townships, and therefore were classified as rural villages. The three villages were very different ranging from 5% under the district poverty line to 52%. All villages had a high percentage of ethic minority people. Base Data Family size and number of children were very similar, however land area owned varied, ranging from 2000 m 2 to 80,000 m 2 (see Figure 1). Nghia Yen smallholders had the largest land areas, but were the poorest of the smallholders. Large areas of the Nghia Yen village were hillside and planted in rubber trees. Nghia San village was the wealthiest village with high cash crop income. Most of the smallholders had changed from taking their cattle out to graze on the common grazing land to a cut and carry system reducing labour, but increasing feed costs. House type, age of house was similar for Nghia Son and Nghia Yen, however, Hghia Lam had more modern houses and with average age of 12.1 years vs approximately 20 years for the other two villages. Electric water pumps, refrigerators, freezers and phones were also a good indicator of wealth and development (see Figure 2). Land use differed greatly between the three villages. Nghia San had very little land for rice, most of the cash crops were fruit trees, with very little land set aside for Elephant Grass. Nghia Lam had good areas of rice land, large areas of sugar cane, water melons and most farmers had an area of Elephant Grass for feeding cattle. Nghia Yen had good areas of rice and larger areas of land for cash crops (sugar cane, cassava, rubber, coffee). It was the only village with large areas of timber trees (see Figure 3). Although the smallholders selected were all beef producers, the area of land dedicated to growing crop and pasture for cattle was very low (3.3% on average). This represented 132 m 2 by cattle owned (7 per family). This highlights the reliance that the farmers place on crop residue, bi-products and grazing common grazing land. If beef production is to increase there will need to be a small increase in dedicated land for growing cattle feed. However, crop residue and bi-products will still form the majority of 4 5 cattle feed. Therefore the project will focus on conservation of this type of feed and improvements in the feed quality . The average number of cattle per smallholder for the twenty-three farmers interviewed was 7 cattle. When asked what the restrictions to growing the cattle enterprise were, the orders of responses were: - • Lack of food over the Dry Season • Lack of labour to graze with cut cattle feed. • Lack of investment money to buy more cattle. • High risk with Foot and Mouth and price fluctuations been experienced over the last few years. FIGURE 1 Base Line Data Family name No Family No Children Land Area Grazing Cattle Recommendation Project 10/06 vn Ho va ten Tong so nguio So con trong gia dinh Tong dien tich dat Ti le chant ha Tong so bo Danh gia 1 Nghia Son NGUYEN VAN THO 5 1 15000 80% 6 ? Medium recommendations 2 Nghia Son NGUYEN THIEN TUNG 4 2 8600 80% 3 X Not recommended 3 Nghia Son NGUYEN VAN CAP 5 3 5700 80% 7 Y Strong recommendation 4 Nghia Son LE VAN HANG 5 2 5000 80% 3 X Not recommended 5 Nghia Son NGUYEN THI HUONG 4 2 1800 30% 5 Y Strong recommendation 6 Nghia Son DOAN THI HIEN 6 3 10000 70% 5 Y Strong recommendation 7 Nghia Son NGUYEN SINH TRUNG 5 3 2000 70% 6 N Not recommended Nghia Son 4.9 2.3 6871 5.0 8 Nghia Lam NGUYEN HUY THE 3 1 2000 0% 2 N Not recommended 9 Nghia Lam DINH BA KIP 4 2 6120 50% 4 Y Strong recommendation 10 Nghia Lam PHAN DINH KY 5 3 30000 30% 5 Y Strong recommendation 11 Nghia Lam PHAN DUC HAI 4 2 30000 80% 7 ? Medium recommendation 12 Nghia Lam PHAN VAN BAY 5 4 20000 30% 9 N Not recommended 13 Nghia Lam DUONG VAN TINH 7 3 25000 30% 8 ? Medium recommendation 14 Nghia Lam PHAN DINH DUNG 5 3 20000 15% 3 ? Medium recommendation 15 Nghia Lam TRINH HAI LY 5 3 20000 30% 2 Y Strong recommendation 16 Nghia Lam NGUYEN VAN HIEN 5 3 30000 20% 6 N Not recommended Nghia Yen Total 4.8 2.7 20347 5.1 17 Nghia Yen LE MINH LY 8 5 80000 80% 16 Y Strong recommendation 18 Nghia Yen LE VAN KIEM 4 4 20000 80% 15 ? Medium recommendation 19 Nghia Yen DINH PHUOC SON 6 2 80000 80% 8 N Not recommended 20 Nghia Yen BUI HUU SON 54 1 80000 50% 21 Y Strong recommendation 21 Nghia Yen HOANG CHI 4 1 60000 60% 3 N Not recommended 22 Nghia Yen NGUYEN VAN NHO 4 2 70000 80% 11 ? Medium recommendation 23 Nghia Yen NGUYEN DUC LUU 7 4 30000 30% 4 Y Strong recommendation Nghia Yen Total 5.4 2.7 60000 11.1 5.0 2.6 29073 7.1 7 FIGURE 2 Base Line Data Family name Total Area House Wet Land (Rice) Rubber Coffee Oranges Lichie Fruit Other Fruit Trees Sugar Cane Water Melon Cassava Corn Other Cash Crops Elephant Grass Other Pasture Trees Project 10/06 vn Ho va ten 1 Nghia Son NGUYEN VAN THO 15000 500 7000 8000 2 Nghia Son NGUYEN THIEN TUNG 8600 1600 7000 3 Nghia Son NGUYEN VAN CAP 5700 1000 4000 500 4 Nghia Son LE VAN HANG 5000 2500 2500 5 Nghia Son NGUYEN THI HUONG 1800 400 500 500 500 6 Nghia Son DOAN THI HIEN 10000 1000 5000 4000 7 Nghia Son NGUYEN SINH TRUNG 2000 1000 1000 Nghia Son Total 48100 4500 7000 0 0 130000 0 15000 4000 0 0 0 4000 1000 0 0 8 Nghia Lam NGUYEN HUY THE 2000 200 1800 9 Nghia Lam DINH BA KIP 5120 200 3000 2000 1000 10 Nghia Lam PHAN DINH KY 30000 200 1600 28000 500 1000 11 Nghia Lam PHAN DUC HAI 30000 200 2500 25000 500 4000 12 Nghia Lam PHAN VAN BAY 20000 200 500 3500 16000 500 13 Nghia Lam DUONG VAN TINH 25000 200 500 20000 5000 1000 14 Nghia Lam PHAN DINH DUNG 20000 250 2000 15000 5000 1000 15 Nghia Lam TRINH HAI LY 20000 100 1000 18500 500 16 Nghia Lam NGUYEN VAN HIEN 30000 100 2000 3000 18000 1000 1000 Nghia Yen Total 183120 1650 10100 0 0 3000 3000 0 109500 27000 0 2500 20300 6500 0 4000 17 Nghia Yen LE MINH LY 80000 100 15000 14000 1500 50000 18 Nghia Yen LE VAN KIEM 20000 100 1500 3000 10000 7000 19 Nghia Yen DINH PHUOC SON 80000 100 1500 10000 2000 10000 3000 50000 20 Nghia Yen BUI HUU SON 80000 400 1500 10000 30000 4000 40000 21 Nghia Yen HOANG CHI 60000 400 2500 5000 20000 14000 1500 20000 22 Nghia Yen NGUYEN VAN NHO 70000 1000 5000 5500 20000 3000 35000 23 Nghia Yen NGUYEN DUC LUU 30000 400 3000 1500 8500 3500 3500 1000 12000 Nghia Yen Total 420000 2500 15000 10000 5000 17000 7000 0 50000 27000 52500 13500 3500 14000 0 214000 651220 8650 32100 10000 5000 33000 10000 15000 163500 54000 52500 16000 27800 21500 0 218000 8 FIGURE 3 Base Line Data Family name Chickens Goats Pigs Buffalo Cattle F – 12m Cattle M – 12m Cattle F – 12m-2yrs Cattle M – 12m – 2 yrs Cattle F +2yrs Total Cattl e Project 10/06 vn Ho va ten 1 Nghia Son NGUYEN VAN THO 3 3 6 2 Nghia Son NGUYEN THIEN TUNG 6 1 1 1 3 3 Nghia Son NGUYEN VAN CAP 3 1 1 2 3 7 4 Nghia Son LE VAN HANG 2 1 2 5 5 Nghia Son NGUYEN THI HUONG 2 1 2 5 6 Nghia Son DOAN THI HIEN 2 1 2 5 7 Nghia Son NGUYEN SINH TRUNG 5 2 4 6 Nghia Son Total 14 0 0 0 4 7 6 0 14 31 8 Nghia Lam NGUYEN HUY THE 10 2 1 1 2 9 Nghia Lam DINH BA KIP 10 1 1 2 4 10 Nghia Lam PHAN DINH KY 40 2 1 4 5 11 Nghia Lam PHAN DUC HAI 25 2 3 1 3 7 12 Nghia Lam PHAN VAN BAY 50 2 4 5 9 13 Nghia Lam DUONG VAN TINH 2 3 5 8 14 Nghia Lam PHAN DINH DUNG 3 1 2 3 15 Nghia Lam TRINH HAI LY 50 1 1 2 16 Nghia Lam NGUYEN VAN HIEN 50 6 1 1 1 1 3 6 Nghia Yen Total 235 0 6 14 15 1 4 0 26 46 17 Nghia Yen LE MINH LY 100 1 2 13 16 18 Nghia Yen LE VAN KIEM 15 28 2 1 15 16 19 Nghia Yen DINH PHUOC SON 1 7 8 20 Nghia Yen BUI HUU SON 50 3 9 10 22 21 Nghia Yen HOANG CHI 50 10 4 1 2 3 22 Nghia Yen NGUYEN VAN NHO 20 20 1 5 6 11 23 Nghia Yen NGUYEN DUC LUU 30 5 2 4 4 Nghia Yen Total 265 28 35 9 9 3 11 0 57 80 514 28 41 23 28 11 21 0 97 157 6.8 9 FIGURE 4 Base Line Data Family name House Type No of Rooms Age of House Water Supply Pump Kitchen Cooking Phone / Cell Fridge Freezer TV/V/C Cart Tractor/ Truck Motorbike Electricity Toilet Outside Project 10/06 vn Ho va ten 1 Nghia Son NGUYEN VAN THO T1 5 25 W N O WG YP N N TV/V N N Y1 Y O 2 Nghia Son NGUYEN THIEN TUNG T1 3 25 W N O WE N N N TV/V N N Y1 Y O 3 Nghia Son NGUYEN VAN CAP T1 1 25 W N O WG N N N TV/V N N Y1 Y O 4 Nghia Son LE VAN HANG T1 1 20 W N O WG YC N N TV/V N N Y1 Y O 5 Nghia Son NGUYEN THI HUONG T1 1 20 W N O WG YC Y Y TV/V N N Y1 Y O 6 Nghia Son DOAN THI HIEN T1 3 20 W Y O W N N N TV/V N N Y1 Y O 7 Nghia Son NGUYEN SINH TRUNG T1 3 20 W Y O W N N N TV/V N N N Y O Nghia Son 7 2.4 22.1 100% 29% 100% 70% 29% 14% 14% 100% 0% 0% 14% 100% 0% 8 Nghia Lam NGUYEN HUY THE T2 3 7 W N O W N N N TV/V Y N Y1 Y O 9 Nghia Lam DINH BA KIP T2 3 17 W Y B WGE YP N N TV/V Y N Y1 Y O 10 Nghia Lam PHAN DINH KY M4 3 4 W Y B WGE YP Y Y TV/V Y N Y1 Y O 11 Nghia Lam PHAN DUC HAI T2 3 16 W Y B WGE YPC Y Y TV/V Y N Y1 Y O 12 Nghia Lam PHAN VAN BAY M4 3 3 W Y B WGE YPC N N TV/V Y N Y1 Y O 13 Nghia Lam DUONG VAN TINH T1 2 30 W Y B WGE YP N N TV/V N YTK Y1 Y O 14 Nghia Lam PHAN DINH DUNG T2 3 20 W Y B W YP N N TV/V Y N Y1 Y O 15 Nghia Lam TRINH HAI LY T4 2 2 W Y I W YC N N TV/V N N Y1 Y O 16 Nghia Lam NGUYEN VAN HIEN T3 2 10 W Y O W YPC Y Y TV/V Y N Y1 Y O Nghia Yen Total 9 2.7 12.1 100% 89% 22% 55% 89% 33% 33% 100% 78% 11% 100% 100% 0% 17 Nghia Yen LE MINH LY SOLD N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N N/A N/A N/A N N Y1 Y O 18 Nghia Yen LE VAN KIEM T3 2 4 W N O W YPC N N TV/V N N Y1 Y O 19 Nghia Yen DINH PHUOC SON T1 4 30 W Y O W N N N TV/V N N Y1 Y O 20 Nghia Yen BUI HUU SON T1 2 20 W Y O WG YC N Y TV/V N N Y1 Y O 21 Nghia Yen HOANG CHI T1 2 22 W Y O W YC N N TV/V N N Y1 Y O 22 Nghia Yen NGUYEN VAN NHO T1 2 20 W Y I W YC N N TV/V N N Y1 Y O 23 Nghia Yen NGUYEN DUC LUU T2 2 20 W Y I WG YPC Y N TV/V/C N N Y1 Y O Nghia Yen Total 7.0 2.3 19.3 100% 100% 33% 33% 66% 16% 16% 100% 0% 0% 100% 100% 100% 17.26 100% 64% 41% 55% 70% 23% 23% 100% 30% 4% 100% 100% 0% [...]... recording and data storage and management using both manual and computer software 5 Targeted out of country training – needs identified to date: 4-day training course at Thailand Ubon Ratchathani University on village based pasture seed production This training will expose 6 key farmers and 4 technicians to modern village based beef and dairy farming systems in a tropical region in Thailand This training and. .. or rice straw 31 Part 6 - Pastures and Feed: Situation Analysis and Options Prepared by: Phil Rolston3 and Michael Hare2 Date: November 2007 Summary Three visits undertaken in 2007 that initially undertook a situation analysis on pastures and feeds (March), undertook training in silage making and introduced new tropical grasses and legumes used in Thailand (July) and further training and initial evaluation... be a 3- day training programme held at BFCRC in Bavi in October 2007 and run by the centres technical and scientific staff (see appendix A for full programme) 4 Special in-country skill based capacity building training for key technicians: Train one technician in AI at BCFRC Bavi for 35 das and then provide one on one supervision and training in the Nghia Dan area for 3- months Train on technician at... can vary from a yellowish brown to dark brown Males are darker than females and when mature may be almost black on the extremities, such as the head, feet and tail Local Sindhi Cross 22 Under Local Nutritional Conditions Breed Birth WT 12-month WT Local 1 6-1 8 9 0-1 10 Local/cross 1 8-2 0 11 0-1 20 Sindhi Local cross 2 0-2 2 12 0-1 50 Sindhi/ Holstein Mature Female 28 0 -3 00 30 0 -3 50 Mature Male 30 0 -3 50 40 0-4 50 32 0-4 00... a leafy annual legume, which has potential to be sown on common grazing land and waste areas This legume is self seeding and has the potential to increase total feed supply on a village wide basis for the common good 4 Crop Inter-Planting: There are opportunities to inter-plant tree crops, especially acacia as well as wide-row rubber and oranges plantations with legume or other forage crops Land shortages... project villages Training events will include: 1 hands on demonstration of new interventions on the 19th May Co land and at each of the key farmers houses These will/have covered the following: a silage making from - elephant grass - maize stover - green maize - cassava leaves - pineapple waste b sowing pasture seeds direct in nursery’s for transplanting and nursery management - Mulato II - Paspalum... gia dinh tong dien tich dat ti le chan tha tong so bo danh gia NGUYEN VAN CAP 5 3 5700 80% 7 Y Strong Recommendation LE VAN HANG 5 2 5000 80% 3 X Not recommended Pham Van Luong 4 2 4000 30 % 4 Y New 4.7 2 .3 4900 Chu Dinh Van 5 3 30000 30 % 6 Y Strong Recommendation TRINH HAI LY 5 3 20000 30 % 1 Y Strong Recommendation Phan Dinh Nhuan 5 3 40000 80% 10 N New 5.0 3. 0 30 000 BUI HUU SON 5 1 80000 50% 7 Y Strong... around the Province, however, it will be important to at least run a seminar at Nghia Dan District Extension Centre and run a full one day seminar at the project site for all beef farmers and technicians in a 2 0 -3 0km radius 21 Part 4 - Situation Analysis for Cattle in Nghia Dan District: There are approximately 29,000 cattle in the Nghia Dan District with the majority of these being beef animals Approximately... size and low maintenance requirement Most cattle become an- oestrus over the winter dry season and do not start cycling until April or May and calf in January-February the following year Individual farmers do not keep a male animal and use the village bull or a friend’s bull The focus for cattle breeding over the last 5-years has been the introduction of the (Sinh) Sindhi breed to increase the size and. .. available to cut and carry the wild grass Feeding levels of cows are very low due to the very small size and low maintenance requirement Most cattle become an- oestrus over the winter dry season and do not start cycling until April or May and calf in January-February the following year Individual farmers do not keep a male animal and use the village bull or a friend’s bull Change to the Beef System over . Development Nghe An Province Sustainable Village Based Beef Cattle Development, Training and Extension Programme Baseline Data Report Milestone 3 November. worker) Land Area 31 00 ha Families with beef cattle 35 0 families have beef cattle (total 700) 130 0 buffalo Average No of cattle 2.5 (lto 20) Village Divided into seventeen sections (sub-villages). Pasture - elephant grass - wild grass - new pasture species crop residue - cassava leaf - maize stover - rice straw - sugar can top - calypo vine crop bi-products - pineapple pulp - cassava