Evaporation Condensation and Heat transfer Part 1 docx

EVAPORATION, CONDENSATION AND HEAT TRANSFER Edited by Amimul Ahsan Evaporation, Condensation and Heat Transfer Edited by Amimul Ahsan Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2011 InTech All chapters are Open Access articles distributed under the Creative Commons Non Commercial Share Alike Attribution 3.0 license, which permits to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt the work in any medium, so long as the original work is properly cited. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published articles. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Ivana Lorkovic Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer Jan Hyrat Image Copyright Oshchepkov Dmitry, 2010. Used under license from Shutterstock.com First published August, 2011 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org Evaporation, Condensation and Heat Transfer, Edited by Amimul Ahsan p. cm. ISBN 978-953-307-583-9 free online editions of InTech Books and Journals can be found at www.intechopen.com Contents Preface IX Part 1 Evaporation and Boiling 1 Chapter 1 Evaporation Phenomenon Inside a Solar Still: From Water Surface to Humid Air 3 Amimul Ahsan, Zahangir Alam, Monzur A. Imteaz, A.B.M. Sharif Hossain and Abdul Halim Ghazali Chapter 2 Flow Boiling in an Asymmetrically Heated Single Rectangular Microchannel 23 Cheol Huh and Moo Hwan Kim Chapter 3 Experimental and Computational Study of Heat Transfer During Quenching of Metallic Probes 49 B. Hernández-Morales, H.J. Vergara-Hernández, G. Solorio-Díaz and G.E. Totten Chapter 4 Two Phase Flow Experimental Study Inside a Microchannel: Influence of Gravity Level on Local Boiling Heat Transfer 73 Sébastien Luciani Chapter 5 The Evolution of Temperature Disturbances During Boiling of Cryogenic Liquids on Heat-Releasing Surfaces 95 Irina Starodubtseva and Aleksandr Pavlenko Chapter 6 Pool Boiling of Liquid-Liquid Multiphase Systems 123 Gabriel Filipczak, Leon Troniewski and Stanisław Witczak Part 2 Condensation and Cooling 151 Chapter 7 Steam Condensation in the Presence of a Noncondensable Gas in a Horizontal Tube 153 Kwon-Yeong Lee and Moo Hwan Kim VI Contents Chapter 8 Experimental Study for Condensation Heat Transfer Inside Helical Coil 169 Mohamed A. Abd Raboh, Hesham M. Mostafa, Mostafa A. M. Ali and Amr M. Hassaan Chapter 9 Modelling the Thermo-Hydraulic Performance of Cooling Networks and Its Implications on Design, Operation and Retrofit 189 Martín Picón-Núñez, Lázaro Canizalez-Dávalos and Graham T. Polley Chapter 10 Heat Exchange in Furnace Side Walls with Embedded Water Cooled Cooling Devices 207 Gabriel Plascencia Part 3 Heat Transfer and Exchanger 225 Chapter 11 Heat Transfer in Buildings: Application to Solar Air Collector and Trombe Wall Design 227 H. Boyer, F. Miranville, D. Bigot, S. Guichard, I. Ingar, A. P. Jean, A. H. Fakra, D. Calogine and T. Soubdhan Chapter 12 Heat Transfer in the Transitional Flow Regime 245 JP Meyer and JA Olivier Chapter 13 Numerical Modeling of Cross-Flow Tube Heat Exchangers with Complex Flow Arrangements 261 Dawid Taler, Marcin Trojan and Jan Taler Chapter 14 Metal Foam Effective Transport Properties 279 Jean-Michel Hugo, Emmanuel Brun and Frédéric Topin Chapter 15 Heat Transfer Performances and Exergetic Optimization for Solar Heat Receiver 303 Jian-Feng Lu and Jing Ding Chapter 16 Soret and Dufour Effects on Steady MHD Natural Convection Flow Past a Semi-Infinite Moving Vertical Plate in a Porous Medium with Viscous Dissipation in the Presence of a Chemical Reaction 325 Sandile Motsa and Stanford Shateyi Part 4 Fluid and Flow 347 Chapter 17 Computational Fluid Dynamic Simulations of Natural Convection in Ventilated Facades 349 A. Gagliano, F. Patania, A. Ferlito, F. Nocera and A. Galesi Contents VII Chapter 18 Turbulent Heat Transfer in Drag-Reducing Channel Flow of Viscoelastic Fluid 375 Takahiro Tsukahara and Yasuo Kawaguchi Chapter 19 Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Analyses in Curvilinear Microchannels 401 Sajjad Bigham and Maryam Pourhasanzadeh Chapter 20 Effects of Fluid Viscoelasticity in Non-Isothermal Flows 423 Tirivanhu Chinyoka Chapter 21 Different Approaches for Modelling of Heat Transfer in Non-Equilibrium Reacting Gas Flows 439 E.V. Kustova and E.A. Nagnibeda Chapter 22 High-Carbon Alcohol Aqueous Solutions and Their Application to Flow Boiling in Various Mini-Tube Systems 465 Naoki Ono, Atsushi Hamaoka, Yuki Eda and Koichi Obara Chapter 23 Heat Transfer and Hydraulic Resistance in Rough Tubes Including with Twisted Tape Inserts 487 Stanislav Tarasevich and Anatoly Yakovlev Chapter 24 Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer and Thermodynamic Issues of Micropipe Flows 511 A. Alper Ozalp Chapter 25 Fundamentals of Paper Drying – Theory and Application from Industrial Perspective 535 Ajit K Ghosh Preface The theoretical analysis and modeling of heat and mass transfer rates produced in evaporation and condensation processes are significant issues in a design of wide range of industrial processes and devices. This book introduces advanced processes and modeling of evaporation, boiling, water vapor condensation, cooling, heat transfer, heat exchanger, fluid dynamic simulations, fluid flow, and gas flow to the international community. It includes 25 advanced and revised contributions, and it covers mainly (1) evaporation and boiling, (2) condensation and cooling, (3) heat transfer and exchanger, and (4) fluid and flow. The first section introduces evaporation phenomenon, flow boiling, heat transfer during quenching, two-phase flow, temperature disturbances during boiling, and pool boiling. The second section covers steam condensation, condensation inside helical coil, thermo-hydraulic performance of cooling networks, heat exchange with embedded cooling devices, and solar cooling systems. The third section includes heat transfer in heat-released rod bundles, in buildings, in transitional flow regime, in stretching sheet, and in solar heat receiver, photovoltaic module thermal regulation, relative-air humidity sensing element, cross-flow tube heat exchanger, spiral plate heat exchanger, metal foam transport properties, and soret and dufour effects. The forth section presents computational fluid dynamic simulations, turbulent heat transfer, fluid flow, fluid viscoelasticity, non-equilibrium reacting gas flows, high-carbon alcohol aqueous solutions, hydraulic resistance in rough tubes, fluid mechanics, thermodynamic, and fundamental of paper drying. The readers of this book will appreciate the current issues of modeling on evaporation, water vapor condensation, heat transfer and exchanger, and on fluid flow in different aspects. The approaches would be applicable in various industrial purposes as well. The advanced idea and information described here will be fruitful for the readers to find a sustainable solution in an industrialized society. The editor of this book would like to express sincere thanks to all authors for their high quality contributions and in particular to the reviewers for reviewing the chapters. X Preface ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS All praise be to Almighty Allah, the Creator and the Sustainer of the world, the Most Beneficent, Most Benevolent, Most Merciful, and Master of the Day of Judgment. He is Omnipresent and Omnipotent. He is the King of all kings of the world. In His hand is all good. Certainly, over all things Allah has power. The editor would like to express appreciation to all who have helped to prepare this book. The editor expresses the gratefulness to Ms. Ivana Lorkovic, Publishing Process Manager, InTech Open Access Publisher, for her continued cooperation. In addition, the editor appreciatively remembers the assistance of all authors and reviewers of this book. Gratitude is expressed to Mrs. Ahsan, Ibrahim Bin Ahsan, Mother, Father, Mother-in- Law, Father-in-Law, and Brothers and Sisters for their endless inspirations, mental supports and also necessary help whenever any difficulty. Amimul Ahsan, Ph.D. Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering University Putra Malaysia Malaysia [...]... (we, wc and wp) and the humid air temperature and relative humidity fraction, Tha/RHha, for the first model and second one (Ahsan et al., 2 010 ) 10 Evaporation, Condensation and Heat Transfer 5 Theory of mass transfer 5 .1 Previous evaporation model Islam (2006) formulated the evaporation in the TSS based on the humid air temperature and on the relative humidity in addition to the water temperature and obtained... (Ahsan & Fukuhara, 2008) Hourly evaporation per unit length wL=W/L (kg/m/hr) Hourly evaporation, W (kg/hr) 0.03 L = 0.49m L = 1. 5m 0.025 0.02 η = 0.093kg/m/hr W = ηBm m= 1 0. 015 0. 01 η = 0.031kg/m/hr 0.005 0 0.05 0 .1 0 .15 0.2 0.25 Trough width, B (m) a) Relation between W and B 0.3 0.35 0.02 L = 0.49m L = 1. 5m 0. 015 0. 01 m wL = ηLB 2 ηL = 0.061kg/m /hr m= 1 0.005 0 0.05 0 .1 0 .15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 Trough... conference on water and flood management (ICWFM-2007), Bangladesh, pp 2 91- 298 Kumar, A & Anand, J.D (19 92) Modelling and performance of a tubular multiwick solar still, Solar Energy, Vol .17 , No .11 , pp 10 67 -10 71 Kumar, S & Tiwari, G.N (19 98) Optimization of collector and basin areas for a higher yield for active solar stills Desalination, 11 6, 1- 9 Korngold, E.; Korin E & Ladizhensky, I (19 96) Water desalination... Fukuhara, T (2009) Condensation mass transfer in unsaturated humid air inside tubular solar still Annual J of Hydraulic Engineering, JSCE, vol 53, 97 -10 2 Ahsan, A & Fukuhara, T (2 010 a) Mass and Heat Transfer Model of Tubular Solar Still Solar Energy, vol 84 (7), 11 47 -11 56 Ahsan, A & Fukuhara, T (2 010 b) Condensation Mass Transfer in Unsaturated Humid Air inside Tubular Solar Still J Hydroscience and Hydraulic... Tc and RHha) are measured, wh can be calculated by combining Eqs 27 and 28 (Ahsan & Fukuhara, 2008) 0.4 α 0.3 0.2 α = 0 .12 3+0. 012 (Tw-Tc) 0 .1 0 5 7.5 10 12 .5 15 Temperature difference, T w-T c (°C) Fig 5 Relation between the evaporation coefficient, α, and the temperature difference, Tw−Tc, obtained from the previous laboratory-TSS experiment (Ahsan & Fukuhara, 2008) 18 Evaporation, Condensation and Heat. .. (19 90) Studies of desalting solar stills Memories of the Faculty of Engineering, Nagoya University, Japan, 43, 1- 53 Tiwari, G.N & Noor, M.A (19 96) Characterization of solar stills Int J Solar Energy, 18 , 14 717 1 Ueda, M (2000) Humidity and evaporation, Corona Publishing Co Ltd., Japan, pp 83 -10 1 2 Flow Boiling in an Asymmetrically Heated Single Rectangular Microchannel Cheol Huh1 and Moo Hwan Kim2 1Korea... when αv (=Km/Ko) is 1. 14 (in average), assuming that the coefficient a in Eq 9 is 0. 21 for turbulent natural convection according to Ueda (2000) 1. 0 1. 2 2 Model σ (kg/m /hr) Present 0.06 Previous 0.07 Ueda (13 ) 0 .15 Calculated hourly evaporation flux 2 (kg/m /hr) Calculated hourly evaporation flux 2 (kg/m /hr) 1. 2 0.8 0.6 1 0.4 1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1. 0 Observed hourly evaporation flux 2 (kg/m... roof, Desalination, Vol .12 8, pp 12 3 -13 8 Clark, J.A (19 90) The steady-state performance of a solar still, Solar Energy, Vol.44, No .1, pp 43-49 Cooper, P.I (19 69) Digital simulation of transient solar still processes, Solar Energy, Vol .12 , pp 313 -3 31 Dunkle, R.V (19 61) Solar Water Distillation: The roof type still and a multiple effect diffusion still, Proc international heat transfer, ASME, University... film thickness on heat transfer using a film flow model was conducted based on the flow boiling experiments with R -11 3 in narrow channels 20 mm wide and 0.4-2 mm height (Lee & Lee, 20 01) The major heat transfer mechanism was convective heat transfer and that vapor quality had a stronger effect on the boiling heat transfer as the height of the channel decreased A thin liquid film evaporation model of... ≈ wc ≈ we and these (we, wc and wp) were proportional to Tha/RHha, regardless of the models (Ahsan et al., 2 010 ) 8 Evaporation, Condensation and Heat Transfer Water surface temperature, Tw Hourly evaporation flux, we Humid air temperature, Tha Hourly condensation flux, wc Hourly production flux, wp 2.0 60 1. 0 40 0.5 20 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Elapsed time, t (hr) 8 2 80 1. 5 o 1. 5 Temperature ( C) Relative . includes 25 advanced and revised contributions, and it covers mainly (1) evaporation and boiling, (2) condensation and cooling, (3) heat transfer and exchanger, and (4) fluid and flow. The first. and Graham T. Polley Chapter 10 Heat Exchange in Furnace Side Walls with Embedded Water Cooled Cooling Devices 207 Gabriel Plascencia Part 3 Heat Transfer and Exchanger 225 Chapter 11 Heat. EVAPORATION, CONDENSATION AND HEAT TRANSFER Edited by Amimul Ahsan Evaporation, Condensation and Heat Transfer Edited by Amimul Ahsan