THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM KỸ THUẬT THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH ĐỒ ÁN TỐT NGHIỆP NGÀNH CNKT HÓA POLYMER TỔNG HỢP SEMI-IPN HYDROGEL TỪ N, N’-DIMETHYLACRYLAMIDE VÀ MALEIC ACID ỨNG DỤNG TRONG KỸ THUẬT NÔNG NGHIỆP GVHD: TS HUỲNH NGUYỄN ANH TUẤN SVTH: NGUYỄN TRỌNG TÍN SKL008831 Tp.Hồ Chí Minh, tháng 8/2022 h BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM KỸ THUẬT TP HỒ CHÍ MINH KHOA CƠNG NGHỆ HĨA HỌC VÀ THỰC PHẨM BỘ MƠN CƠNG NGHỆ HĨA HỌC KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP TỔNG HỢP SEMI-IPN HYDROGEL TỪ N, N’-DIMETHYLACRYLAMIDE VÀ MALEIC ACID ỨNG DỤNG TRONG KỸ THUẬT NÔNG NGHIỆP GVHD: TS Huỳnh Nguyễn Anh Tuấn SVTH: Ngành Lớp MSSV Nguyễn Trọng Tính CNKT Hóa Polymer 18128P 18128064 Tp Hồ Chí Minh, tháng 08 năm 2022 h BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM KỸ THUẬT TP HỒ CHÍ MINH KHOA CƠNG NGHỆ HĨA HỌC VÀ THỰC PHẨM BỘ MƠN CƠNG NGHỆ HĨA HỌC KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP TỔNG HỢP SEMI-IPN HYDROGEL TỪ N, N’-DIMETHYLACRYLAMIDE VÀ MALEIC ACID ỨNG DỤNG TRONG KỸ THUẬT NÔNG NGHIỆP GVHD: TS Huỳnh Nguyễn Anh Tuấn SVTH: Ngành Lớp MSSV Nguyễn Trọng Tính CNKT Hóa Polymer 18128P 18128064 Tp Hồ Chí Minh, tháng 08 năm 2022 h h h h h 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 h 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 h 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 TÓM TẮT KHÓA LUẬN Tên đề tài: Tổng hợp semi-IPN hydrogel từ N, N’-Dimethylacrylamide Maleic acid ứng dụng kỹ thuật nông nghiệp Việc sử dụng nước phân bón nơng nghiệp theo phương thức truyền thống rải, phun, … làm thất thoát lượng lớn tác nhân gây tình trạng nhiễm nghiêm trọng Để khắc phục tình trạng cần có loại vật liệu có khả hấp thụ giải phóng có kiểm sốt nước, chất dinh dưỡng Trong khóa luận này, semi-IPN hydrogel (SH) tổng hợp từ homopolymer PDMA, monomer N, N’-Dimethylacrylamide monomer Maleic acid theo kỹ thuật trùng hợp gốc tự Sau tổng hợp, vật liệu biến tính cách sử dụng xúc tác acid mạnh HCl (SA) base mạnh KOH (SB) Ngoài ra, mẫu hydrogel thông thường (CH) tổng hợp để so sánh Vật liệu sau tổng hợp đánh giá phương pháp lý – hóa phép đo FTIR, đo lưu biến, tính, DSC, TGA, SEM, EDX, tốc độ trương nở tỉ lệ trương nở mơi trường pH khác Sau mẫu SB sử dụng để khảo sát khả hấp thụ giải phóng Urea hướng đến ứng dụng lĩnh vực nông nghiệp Kết ghi nhận cho thấy hệ semi-IPN hydrogel có đặc tính tốt so với hydrogel thông thường Cụ thể tốc độ trương cân SH 2974,603% 710 phút CH 2508, 949% 790 phút Ngoài ra, so sánh hệ semi-IPN hydrogel SB có tốc độ trương nước giai đoạn đầu nhanh tỉ lệ trương cân lớn so với SH SA Khảo sát động học trình trương nở nước cho thấy hệ số mũ khuếch tán n hydrogel có giá trị từ 0,5543 đến 0,6763, điều trình trương nở hydrogel theo chế khuếch tán non – Fickian Hệ số khuếch tán (D) SB cao nhất, cụ thể D có giá trị 1,31.10-3, 8,51.10-4, 5,18.10-4 3,40.10-4 cm2/phút tương ứng cho mẫu SB, SH, CH SA Bên cạnh mẫu semi-IPN hydrogel nhìn chung có tính cao hydrogel thơng thường với ứng suất nén đo mẫu CH, SH, SB SA 136,31 ± 3,97 kPa; 226,27 ± 9,05 kPa; 259,86 ± 3,80 kPa; 353,57 ± 8,84 kPa Theo kết phân tích nhiệt DSC sau q trình biến tính semi-IPN hydrogel xúc tác acid/base, mẫu có khác biệt rõ i h 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 D0 D3 D5 D8 D10 D12 D14 D16 D18 D20 D22 87 h 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 Hình 3.34: Kết theo dõi phát triển cải bẹ xanh mẫu đất có bón SB/Urea vào đất mốc thời gian từ ngày đến ngày 22 Quá trình theo dõi phát triển cải bẹ xanh trồng đất bình thường đất/SB/Urea thể hiện hình 3.33 3.34 Từ kết quan sát hình thái trồng đất bình thường ngày thứ có tượng úa vàng héo dần; trồng đất/SB/Urea phát triển xanh tốt, chiều dài thay đổi rõ rệt Tại ngày 7, trồng đất bình thường chết hẳn, phát triển ngày theo dõi trồng đất/SB/Urea Theo ngày 14, có màu xanh thẫm bẹ xịe rộng, sang ngày 20 bắt đầu chuyển sang giai đoạn héo, vàng chết hẳn ngày 22 Qua đó, nhận thấy trồng đất/SB/Urea phát triển xanh tốt thời gian sống dài trồng đất bình thường Hình 3.35: Kết theo dõi phát triển chiều dài cải bẹ xanh theo thời gian Hơn thế, phát triển chiều dài cải bẹ xanh trồng đất bình thường đất/SB/Urea theo dõi hàng ngày thể hình 3.35 bảng 3.10 Qua đó, nhận thấy ngày ngày chiều dài 4,86 cm 6,12 cm với trồng đất bình thường; Chiều dài có xu hướng tăng nhanh với 4,92 cm 7,06 cm với trồng đất/SB/Urea Thêm vào đó, chiều dài trồng đất 88 h 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 bình thường khơng cịn ghi nhận kết sau ngày chiều dài tiếp tục có thay đổi trồng đất/SB/Urea với 8,20 cm 10,41 cm vào ngày ngày 17 Điều giải thích có mặt SB/Urea đất nên cải cung cấp nước chất dinh dưỡng đầy đủ theo chế hoạt động hydrogel giải phóng phân bón chậm (SRFHs) nên chiều dài thay đổi nhanh khả sống cải kéo dài Bảng 3.10: Kết theo dõi chiều dài cải bẹ xanh theo thời gian Ngày Chiều dài cải bẹ xanh, cm Đất bình thường Đất/SB/Urea 4,86 4,92 5,24 5,43 5,41 5,81 6,00 6,14 6,10 6,52 6,12 7,06 - 8,20 - 9,10 - 9,52 10 - 9,76 11 - 10,02 12 - 10,20 13 - 10,30 14 - 10,32 15 - 10,38 16 - 10,40 17 - 10,41 18 - 10,41 89 h 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 KẾT LUẬN VÀ KIẾN NGHỊ Kết luận Qua trình thực luận văn với đề tài “TỔNG HỢP SEMI-IPN HYDROGEL TỪ N, N’-DIMETHYLACRYLAMIDE VÀ MALEIC ACID ỨNG DỤNG TRONG KỸ THUẬT NÔNG NGHIỆP”, luận văn đạt kết sau: - Tổng hợp thành công hompolymer PDMA trạng thái lỏng độ nhớt cao, suốt với Mw = 209.352 g/mol; Mn = 153.629 g/mol PDI = 1,363 - Tổng hợp thành công hydrogel thông thường semi-IPN hydrogel (SH) chế trùng hợp gốc tự Q trình biến tính semi-IPN hydrogel diễn thành cơng xúc tác acid/base - Kết SEM cho mẫu hydrogel, đường kính lỗ xốp đạt mẫu CH, SH, SA, SB 188,60 ± 34,40 ֵm; 330, 80 ± 78,00 m; 130, 94 ± 28,13m; 341,80 ± 49,47 m Đường kính mẫu có xu hướng tăng lên thêm linear vào mạng mẫu sau biến tính xúc tác base có kích thước lớn - Kết khảo sát DSC cho thấy khơng có khác biệt nhiều nhiệt Tg CH SH Sau biến tính, giá trị có thay đổi với Tg 108,1℃ SA; 140,6℃ SB Kết khảo sát TGA cho thấy tính bền nhiệt mẫu semi-IPN hydrogel tăng lên với khối lượng cịn lại sau phân tích nhiệt SH, SA, SB 18,083%; 23,345%; 34,008% - Khả hấp thụ nước lớn thể mẫu SB với SR = 5439,0% 1310 phút Thêm vào qua kết khảo sát động học cho thấy nước hấp thụ vào mạng theo định luật non-Fickian, tức trình diễn theo chế khuếch tán nới lỏng mạng hydrogel với hệ số khuếch tán D = 1,311.10-3 cm2/min - Hàm lượng Urea hấp thụ tối đa SB 152,91mg/g thể tương thích gần với mơ hình hấp thụ đẳng nhiệt Langmuir Sau đó, lượng Urea lớn giải phóng từ SB 83,62% pH 8,0 4320 phút theo tương tích gần mơ hình động học K – P nhận định q trình giải phóng Urea diễn theo Quasi – Fickian 90 h 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 - Kết khảo sát độ ẩm mẫu đất/hydrogel đồ thị phân tích độ ẩm mẫu đất/SB có xu hướng giảm chậm với 73,881% 28,788% vào ngày ngày 10; sau cấp nước giai đoạn 2, mẫu đất/SB có độ ẩm đạt lớn mẫu đất/hydrogel khảo sát với 87,873% ngày 11 Bên cạnh đó, q trình theo dõi pH mẫu đất/hydrogel, có khoảng giá trị 7,802 < pH < 7,984 Kết cho thấy SB khả hấp thụ lượng nước lớn hiệu trì độ ẩm đất trồng, đồng thời chất lượng đất không bị thay đổi áp dụng hydrogel vào - Khi khảo sát phát triển cải bẹ xanh, ngày ngày chiều dài có xu hướng tăng nhanh với 4,92 cm 7,06 cm với trồng đất/SB/Urea Chiều dài tiếp tục phát triển với 8,2 cm 10,41 cm vào ngày ngày 17 Thêm vào thời gian sống trồng mẫu đất bình thường ngày; đất/SB/Urea 21 ngày Qua đó, nhận thấy trồng đất/SB/Urea phát triển vượt trộivà thời gian sống dài trồng đất bình thường Có thể kết luận SB hồ chứa nước dự trữ cung cấp nước cho vùng rễ cần nước mà đảm bảo nhu cầu dinh dưỡng cho trồng 91 h 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 Kiến nghị Nông nghiệp lĩnh vực dễ tiếp cận triển khai thử nghiệm Khép lại đề tài trên, khoảng thời gian giới hạn tháng nên cịn nhiều thiếu sót chưa khai thác ưu điểm từ loại vật liệu hydrogel cách triệt để, tơi có số đề xuất phát triển nghiên cứu tương lai sau: - Tổng hợp copolymer P (DMA – co – MA) đóng vai trị linear cấu trúc mạng semi – IPN hydrogel Từ so sánh đặc tính với mẫu hydrogel nghiên cứu tổng hợp dựa linear homopolymer PDMA - Khảo sát khả hấp thụ urea cho toàn mẫu hydrogel (CH, SH, SA, SB) Tiếp theo theo dõi khả giải phóng urea môi trường pH 2,0; pH 4,0; pH 6,0 pH 8,0; pH 10,0; pH 12,0 Cuối so sánh thực nghiệm đánh giá mơi trường giải phóng urea mẫu hydrogel thơng qua bốn mơ hình động học giải phóng urea trình bày mục 1.5.10 - Tận dụng tính chất độc đáo PDMA theo xu hướng hình thành “hiệu ứng bắc cầu” để keo tụ ion kim loại độc hại, thuốc nhuộm, … - Thực nghiệm trồng loại họ đậu đậu xanh, đậu nành,… Từ đánh giá thay đổi trình hoa kết trái áp dụng mẫu đất/hydrogel 92 h 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] Hải Hà, “Cuộc xung đột Nga – Ukraine gây lạm phát chậm đà phục hồi kinh tế giới,” thoibaotaichinhvietnam.vn, Mar 11, 2022 https://thoibaotaichinhvietnam.vn/cuoc-xung-dot-nga-ukraine-gay-lam-phat-vacham-da-phuc-hoi-kinh-te-the-gioi-101600.html (accessed Aug 01, 2022) Thanh Bình, “Kinh tế Việt Nam với ảnh hưởng xung đột Nga - Ukraine,” tapchinganhang.gov.vn, Apr 29, 2022 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