Luận văn thạc sĩ an evaluation of the vietnamese translated version of the call of the wild by nguyen cung ai and vu tuan phuong m a thesis linguisti

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES ****** NGUYỄN THỊ THU HIỀN AN EVALUATION OF THE VIETNAMESE TRANSLATED VERSION OF “THE CALL OF THE WILD” BY Nguyen cung and vu tuan phuong Đánh giá dịch tiếng việt tác phẩm “Tiếng gọi nơi hoang dã” hai dịch giả Nguyễn Cung Ái Vũ Tuấn Phương MINOR M.A THESIS Field: English Linguistics Code: 60 22 15 Hanoi - 2012 z VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES ****** NGUYỄN THỊ THU HIỀN AN EVALUATION OF THE VIETNAMESE TRANSLATED VERSION OF “THE CALL OF THE WILD” BY Nguyen cung and vu tuan phuong Đánh giá dịch tiếng việt tác phẩm “Tiếng gọi nơi hoang dã” dịch giả Nguyễn Cung Ái Vũ Tuấn Phương MINOR M.A THESIS Field: English Linguistics Code: 60 22 15 Supervisor: Pham Thi Thanh Thuy (Ph.d) Hanoi - 2012 z TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Abstract ……………………………………………………………………… Acknowledgements ………………………………………………………… Table of content……………………………………………………………… List of abbreviations………………………………………………………… PART I: INTRODUCTION Rational for the study……………………………………………… 2 Objective of the study……………………………………………… Scope and method of the study……………………………………… 3.1 Scope of the study 3.2 Method of the study Organization of the study…………………………………………… PART II: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 Translation theory……………………………………………………… 1.1.1 Definition of translation ……………………………………………… 1.1.2 Translation methods and procedures…………………………………… iv z 1.1.2.1 Translation methods………………………………………… 1.1.2.2 Translation procedures……………………………………… 1.1.3 Translation equivalence………………………………………………… 1.1.3.1 Definition…………………………………………………… 1.1.3.2 Types of translation equivalence……………………………… 11 1.2 Contrastive Analysis 12 1.3 Translation assessment/ evaluation…………………………………… 12 1.3.1 Definition……………………………………………………… 13 1.3.2 Translation Quality Assessment Models……………………… 14 1.3.2.1 Julianne House and her model………………………… 14 1.3.2.2 Peter Newmark‘s model……………………………… 16 CHAPTER 2: APPLICATION OF NEWMARK’S MODEL FOR 18 TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF CHAPTER OF “THE CALL OF THE WILD” 2.1 A brief analysis of the Source Language text ……………………… 18 2.2 The translator’s purpose…………………………………………… 20 2.3 Comparing the translation with the original……………………… 20 2.4 An evaluation of the translation…………………………………… 23 2.4.1 An evaluation of the translation version in the translator‘s 23 v z 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 terms…………………………………………………………… 2.4.2 An evaluation of the translation version in the critic‘s terms… 37 2.4.3 An evaluation of the translation version as a piece of writing, 37 independently of its original…………………………………… 2.5 The translation’s future………………………………………… PART 3: DISCUSSION OF RESULTS AND 38 CONCLUSION REFERENCES……………………………………………………………… 39 Appendix A English version of the selected text …………………………… Appendix B Vietnamese version of the selected text………………………… Appendix C: Evidence quoted from the original and the translated version vi z 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS TQA: Translation Quality Assessment ST: Source Text TT: Target Text SL: Source Language TL: Target Language vii z 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 LIST OF DIAGRAMS AND TABLES Tables and diagrams Pages New Mark‘s methods of translation………………………… House‘s Revised Schema for the Analysis of ST and TT…… 15 Table 1: A selective but representative detailed comparison of the 23 translation with the original Table 2:Evidences about translators‘ achievements in terms of word 25 choice and expressions Table 3: Evidences about translators‘ achievements in terms of using 26 idioms Table 4: More evidences about translators‘ achievements in terms of 28 word choice and expressions Table 5: Mistakes in Vietnamese version in terms of grammar and 33 meaning Table 6: Mistakes in Vietnamese version in terms of word choice and meaning viii z 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 34 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 PART I: INTRODUCTION Rational for the study Translation is an issue which attracts more and more attention from many people all over the world Nowadays, in the inevitable trend of globalization and integration, not only the professional translators but also many people working in different fields such as health care, economy, politics, etc, are concerned about the quality of translation However, in fact, to have a high-quality translation version, especially in the field of literature, is not an easy task and it involves a lot of skills from the translators According to the translator Thuy Toan(1993), to have a good translation version, the translator must not only love his job and literature but also be good at their mother tongue, know foreign languages, have a thorough knowledge of culture, work cautiously and be industrious at consulting From his point of view, it is clear that translation is a challenging job, which requires the translator both the knowledge of the language and the background knowledge of the culture which the literary works belongs to Sometimes, due to lack of either of these or because of the translator‘s carelessness, the translated version may not be concise enough Even more seriously, it can transfer the wrong message that is attached in the literary works At present, in Vietnam, works of literary translations are growing rapidly , even uncontrollably in quantity for commercial purposes ; however, there has been no popular criterion for a good and valuable translated version Besides the successfully -translated masterpieces such as Wuthering Heights (Đồi gió hú), Harry Porter, Noruwei no mori (Rừng Nauy), The Centaur in the Garden (Con nhân mã ở vườn ), there still exists ones of bad quality, for example , the Vietnamese version of ―The Da Vinci Code‖ (Mâ ̣t mã Da Vinci) by translator Đo Thu Ha (Van Hoa-Thong Tin Publisher ,2006) This translation receives a lot of criticism right from publication because of the mistakes that she should not have made in terms of vocabulary, grammar and descriptions For this reason, the minor thesis would like to focus on the evaluation of one literary translation z 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37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 so that the readers can have better understanding of some models of translation quality assessment initiated by some famous linguists in the world like Nida and Taber, Peter Newmark, and J House, etc Within the limitation of the minor thesis, only some of these models will be introduced, and then, the model of Peter Newmark will be applied in evaluating the Vietnamese translated version of ―The Call of the Wild‖ by Nguyen Cung Ai and Vu Tuan Phuong, two great and famous Vietnamese translators to point out both the strengths and weaknesses of translated texts in comparison with the original Also, the author would like to investigate the prominent equivalence types the translator has achieved in translating this famous masterpiece so that other translators can get some experiences from them Objective of the study This thesis mainly aims at answering the three research questions:  How good is the Vietnamese version of ―The Call of the Wild‖ according to Newmark‘s model?  What are the weaknesses of the translated version?  What might be some lessons learned from the translation version? Scope and method of the study 3.1 Scope of the study The masterpiece ―The Call of the Wild‖ includes of seven chapters in total Due to the limited time for this study, only Chapter Two of this short story will be chosen as the typical analysis of the success and the shortcomings of two translators in translating this masterpiece from English into Vietnamese The title of this chapter is ―The Law of Club and Fang‖ and the reason why this chapter is chosen is that the writer has had access to this chapter since she was a fourth year student At that time, she had chances to learn about this chapter in the subject ―English Literature‖, which attracts her a lot Moreover, this is a moving chapter about the process in which the dog adapts itself to z 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37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 the new harsh environment and rude owners Therefore, the writer decides to make a comparison between the original version and the translated one to see whether the translators can transship both the connotative and denotative meaning of the source text into the target text or not a Method of the study The goal of this study is to evaluate the quality of the translated version of ―The Call of the Wild‖ by Nguyen Cung Ai and Vu Tuan Phuong To reach this goal, I decide to have an insight into various translation quality assessment models by different authors, among which Peter Newmark‘s model is chosen as the main criteria for assessing the Vietnamese version of this masterpiece because of its strong points in terms of application, that is, it is easy to follow During the assessing process, Contrastive Analysis approach will be applied to compare and evaluate the translated version against the original one This assessing process will be carried out as follows First, the original text will be read thoroughly and comprehensively, then the source text will be compared to its translation under the framework of NewMark‘s TQA model According to his model, there are five main steps towards TQA and the researcher is going to strictly follow them:  Step 1: A brief analysis of the SL text stressing its intention and its functional aspects  Step 2: the translator‘s interpretation of the SL text‘s purpose, his translation method and the translation‘s likely readership  Step 3: A selective but representative detailed comparison of the translation with the original in terms of both sematics and syntactics  Step 4: an evaluation of the translation: - (a) in the translator‘s terms, (b) in the critic‘s terms, (c) as a piece of writing, independently of its original z 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 hay cho kẻ khác , chứ nế u ko have lived to profit by it phải vậy thì nó chẳ ng còn tồn tại để mà vâ ̣n du ̣ng những kinh nghiêm ̣ ấ y cho bản thân nó sau này 15 They were camped near the 138 Đoàn người và chó log store, where she, in her trại gần kho chứa gỗ Tại kho friendly này, cô nàng Cơ li theo thói way, made đóng advances to a husky dog the quen thân thiê ̣n của miǹ h sán size of a full-growm wolf, lại đánh bạn though not half so large as chó Ét -ki-mô to bằ ng mô ̣t she sói trưởng thành , mă ̣c dù với mô ̣t không bằ ng mô ̣t nửa vó c dáng của Cơ li 15 There was no warning, only 138 Không có dấ u hiê ̣u báo trước a leap in like a flash, a nào cả, chỉ có một bước nhảy metallic clip of teeth, a leap vào nhanh chớp out tiế ng đâ ̣p vào equally swift, and , mô ̣t Curly‘s face was ripped open chói tiếng kim loại from eye to jaw mỗi mô ̣t bước nhảy cũng , nhanh chớp , và là mă ̣t Cơ li bi ̣rách toa ̣c từ mắ t đế n hàm 16 Curly rushed her antagonist, 139 Cơ li lao vào đố i thủ who struck again and leaped vâ ̣t này la ̣i đớp mô ̣t cái rồ i II z 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lập tức ùa vào vồ snarling and yelping, and she nghiế n lấ y Cơ li , gừ gào và was buried screaming with gào và gầm rít , và Cơ li bị agony,… vùi dập , thét lên đau đớn hấ p hố i… 12 16 He saw Spitz run out his 139 Bấ c nhiǹ thấ y Xpits thè cái scarlet tongue in a way he lưỡi đỏ tươi cười theo cái had of laughing; and he saw kiể u của hắ n Và Bấc thấy Francois, swinging an axe,… Phrăng-xoa, tay vung mô ̣t chiế c riù ,… 139 Họ không nhiều thì giờ 13 16 It did not take long 14 16 Two minutes from the time 139 Chỉ vòng hai phút từ Curly went down, the last of Cơ li ngã xuố ng , những III z 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him in his lởn vởn sleep Bấ c, làm cho nó không yên trở la ̣i trí giấ c ngủ 16 17 16 16 Once down, that was the end 139 Mô ̣t anh ngã xuố ng , thế of you là anh hết đời Spitz ran out his tongue and 140 Kia Xpít la ̣i thè lưỡi mà laugh again, and from that cười Kể từ lúc ấ y , Bấ c maĩ moment Buck hated him ghét cay ghét đắng Xpít with a bitter and deathless hatred 18 16 Before Buck had recovered 140 Bấ c chưa kip̣ trấ n tiñ h sau from the shock caused by the bàng hoàng vì cái chế t tragic passing of Curly, he thê thảm của Cơ li , thì một received điề u khác la ̣i làm cho nó another shock Fransois fastened upon him sửng số t , Phrăng-xoa buô ̣c IV z 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xót made a draught animal, he Bấ c đủ khôn ngoan để tự was too wise to rebel kiề m chế , không chố ng đố i lại 21 17 Fransois was stern, 140 demanding Bản gốc không xuống dòng , bản dịch xuống dòng instant obedience, 22 17 Fransois was stern, 140 demanding Phrăng-xoa là người nghiêm khắ c instant , đòi hỏi sự obedience, obedience; while tuân lê ̣nh lâ ̣p Dave,…, nipped Buck‘s hind tức, Trong đó Đê quarter… …, laị đớp vào -vơ, hông của Bấ c… 23 17 Spitz was the leader,… 140 Bản gốc không xuống dòng , bản dịch xuống dòng V z 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good nature, nhu while Joe was the very nhươ ̣c, còn Jô thì hoàn toàn opposite, trái ngược , hay cáu bẳ n và sour introspective, perpetual and with snarl and a hẹp hòi thường xuyên gầm a gừ và có cái nhìn ác ý malignant eye 27 28 Buck 18 comradely fashion Dave thái độ bạn bè , Đê-vơ thì ignored them,… phớt lờ chúng,… 18 So received terrible them was in 141 Bấ c tiế p đón chúng bằ ng 17- his 142 Trông diê ̣n ma ̣o của nó đế n appearance that Spits was phát khiếp làm cho Xpít forced to forego disciplining buô ̣c phải không còn him; but to cover his own dám ghép nó vào khuôn vào discomfiture he turned upon phép gì Nhưng để gỡ la ̣i the inoffensive and wailing thể diê ̣n Xpít la ̣i qu ay sang tên Bi li lành đất VI z 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37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 29 18 Billee… hay kêu ran kia… Like Dave, he asked nothing, 142 Bản gốc không xuống dòng , gave bản dịch xuống dòng nothing, expected nothing;… 30 31 32 18 18 18 He had one peculiarity which 142 Lão có một tính đặc biệt , thâ ̣t Buck was unlucky enough to không may mà Bấ c đã phát discover He did not like to hiê ̣n : lão không thích kẻ be approached on his blind nào sán đến gần bên mặt side mù lão Of this offense…, and the 142 …Bấ c đã bắ t đầ u nhâ ̣n thức first knowledge he had of his đươ ̣c sự vô ý của mình indiscretion was when Sol- cho Xôn-lế ch lao bổ vào nó leks whirled upon him and… … Forever after Buck avoided 142- Thế là maĩ maĩ về sau Bấ c his blind side, and to the last 143 kiề ng không qua bên mắ t of their comradeship had no mù của lão more trouble giữa Bấ c với laõ từ là Quan ̣ không có điề u gì rắ c rố i 33 18 His only apparent ambition, 143 Mong muố n hiể n nhiên của like Dave‘s, was to be left Xôn-lế ch cũng giố ng alone của Đê -vơ, chỉ là được để yên mô ̣t mình , đừng đô ̣ng đến,… VII z 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Bấ c –rôn và bombarded him… Phrăng-xoa… He lay down on the snow 143 Nó nằm dài tuyết vê cố and attempted to sleep, but làm để ngủ, chẳ ng the frost soon drove him mấ y chố c sương giá đã đánh shivering to his feet bâ ̣t nó đứng dâ ̣y lẩ y bẩ y Miserable and disconsolate, 143 Khố n khổ và thất vọng , nó he wandered …, only to find lang thang…, chỉ thấ y that one place was as cold chỗ nào cũng rét cả as another 38 39 19 19 Something wriggled under 144 Có một cái gì đó quằ n quoa ̣i his feet dưới bàn chân Bấ c A whiff of warm air 144 Mô ̣t luồ ng ấ m tỏa nhe ̣ ascended to his nostrils, and bố c lên mũi nó Và ở Bi- there curled up under the li nằ m cuô ̣n la ̣i dưới VIII z 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37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 40 20 snow in a snug ball lay tuyế t thành mô ̣t cu ̣c tròn , kín Billee gió ấm áp … though he growled and 144 …mă ̣c dù thin̉ h thoảng nó la ̣i barked and wrestled with gầ m gừ , sủa và giâ ̣t ̀ h vi ̀ bad dreams nằ m mơ thấ y những điề u dữ dô ̣i 41 20 Nor did he open his eyes till 144 Mãi tiếng roused by the noises of the ồn ào của waking camp thức dâ ̣y khuấ y đô ̣ng làm khu tra ̣i đánh Bấ c tin̉ h giấ c thì nó mới mở mắ t 42 20 The muscles of his whole 145 Các bắp thịt toàn thân body nó co giật từng hồi theo linh contracted spasmodically and tính,… instinctively 43 21 Three more huskies were 146 Trong vòng mô ̣t tiế ng , đàn added to the team inside an chó được tăng cường thêm hour, making a total of nine, ba chó É t -ki-mô nữa , vị and before another quarter chi tổ ng số là chín of an hour had passed they nhanh chóng , tấ t cả bo ̣n were in harness… chúng đều nai nịt đai , và cương… 44 21 He was surprised at the 146 Bấ c rấ t nga ̣c nhiên…Nhưng eagerness…; but still more có một điều còn đáng ngạc IX z 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 45 21 surprising was the change nhiên , đó là thay đổi wrought in Dave and Sol- ở hai Đê leks lế ch The toil of the traces seemed 146 Lao đô ̣ng cực nho ̣c the supreme expression of vòng dây kéo hình là their being,… nghĩ tuyệt đỉnh của tồn -vơ và Xôn - ý tại của chúng… 46 47 48 21 21 21 Dave was wheeler or sled 146 Đê-vơ là chó ở vi ̣trí kéo dog, pulling in front of him sát xe Kéo đằng trước nó là was Buck, then came Sol- Bấ c rồ i đế n Xôn leks; the rest of the team was còn lại bị buộ strung xâu dài , mô ̣t hàng ̣c , thẳ ng out ahead, single -lế ch Số c tiế p thành file… về phía trước… Buck had been purposely 146 Bấ c đã đươ ̣c đă ̣t mô ̣t cách có placed between Dave and chủ ý vào Đê Sol-leks so that he might Xôn-lế ch, để hai gã này kèm receive instruction că ̣p cho nó Dave was fair and very wise 146 Đê-vơ công bằ ng và rấ t He thông tha ̣o… never nipped Buck -vơ và without cause, and he never failed to nip him when he stood in need of it 49 21- As Fransois‘s whip backed 147 Và vì có cái roi của Phrăng - 22 him up, Buck found it to be xoa ủng hô ̣ Đê -vơ, nên Bấ c X z 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 50 51 22 22 cheaper to mend his ways thấ y là thà chiụ sửa ̀ h than to retaliate thì có lợi là trả đũa lại …both Dave and Sol-leks 147 …, thế là cả Đê -vơ và Xôn - flew at him and administered lế ch xông vào nó và đã cho a sound trouncing nó một trận trò The resulting tangle was 147 Kết cục lại làm rối even worse but Buck took tung cả lên Nhưng sau đó good care to keep the traces Bấc hết sức cẩn thận tránh clear there-after; and ere the không vướng vào dây kéo day was done, so well had nữa; và trước ngày lao he mastered his work, his động kết thúc Bấc trở mates about ceased nagging nên thành thạo đến mức him bạn nghề của thơi khơng cịn rầy la 52 22 Fransois‘s whip snapped less 147 Chiế c roi của Phrăng frequently, and Perrault even quấ t xuố ng ít , và thậm honoured Buck… chí Bấc vinh dự đươ ̣c -xoa Pê-rôn… 53 22 It was a hard day‘s run, up 147 Ngày hôm là một ngày the Canõn through Sheep chạy cật lực , trèo qua hẻm Camp, past the Scales and núi, xuyên qua những thi ̣trấ n the timer line, …, and over nhỏ Síp và Xkên ,…, rồ i leo the great Chilcoot Divide,… lên ngo ̣n đèo Chin -cút s ừng sững… XI z 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.2237.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.66 54 55 22 22 They made good time down 147 Chiế c xe cha ̣y khá nhanh the chains of lakes… xuố ng ̣c daỹ hồ Buck made his hole in the 147 Bấ c đào mô ̣t lỗ tuyế t snow and slept the sleep of và thiếp the exhausted just,,… kẻ trải qua giấ c ngủ thi đấ u kiêṭ sức,… 56 22 That day they made forty 148 Hôm ấ y chúng cha ̣y bố n miles, the trail being packed; mươi dă ̣m , vì vệt đường đã but the next day,… có sẵn , băng tuyế t đã đươ ̣c nê ̣n chă ̣t Nhưng ngày hôm sau,… 57 58 22 23 As a rule, Perrault travelled 148 Theo lê ̣ thường , Pê-rôn dẫn ahead of the team, packing đầ u trước đàn chó , dùng liế p the snow with webbed shoes tuyết nê ̣n chă ̣t tuyế t la ̣i để to make it easier for them cho chó kéo xe dễ dàng Fransois , guiding the sled at Phrăng-xoa ở vi ̣ the gee-pole,… khiể n chiế c cầ n lái xe,… …and the first grey of dawn 148 Và tia sáng nhơ ̣t nha ̣ t found them hitting the trail đầ u tiên của buổ i bin ̀ h with fresh miles reeled off minh vừa hé thì thấy behind them chúng rong ruổ i trí điều đường mòn , trút lại sau thêm những dă ̣m đường mới 59 23 And always they pitched 149 Và hôm nào vây sau XII z 37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.99 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Rồ i thì vì hunger compel him, he was đói bức bách quá thể , nó not above taking what did đành ̣ ̀ h làm cái not belong to him viêc̣ cuỗm lấ y những thứ không phải của nó 62 23- This first thef marked Buck 150 Vụ ăn cắ p đầ u tiên này là 24 as fit to survive in the hostile dấ u hiê ̣u chứng tỏ Bấ c đã Northland environment thích ứng được để tồn tại cái môi trường cứu đich ̣ của vùng đất phương Bắ c này 63 24 It was all well enough in the 150 Ở vùng đất phương Nam Southland, under the law of dưới luâ ̣t lê ̣ của tiǹ h yêu và love to tình bạn , viê ̣c tôn tro ̣ng respect private property and cái cá nhân và cảm xúc riêng personal feelings; but in the tư của kẻ khác là đúng and fellowship Nhưng ở cái vùng đấ t XIII z 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Civilized, he could have died 150 Lúc còn là vật văn minh , for a moral consideration, nó có thể sẵn sàng chết vì … nghĩa,… He achieved an internal as 151 Nó tận dụng được tối đa well as external economy thứ , cả ở bên ngo ài nó lẫn bên nó 68 69 24- He could eat anything, no 151 Nó có thể ăn bất kỳ cái gì dù 25 matter how loathsome or cái đó gớm ghiếc hoặc khó indigestible; tiêu đế n đâu nữa Và sau 25 and, once eaten,… đã nuố t xuố ng,… He learned to bite the ice 151 Nó học được cách cắn vỡ out….; and when he was lớp băng…Và nó khát ,… XIV z 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slash… miế ng đòn cắ n bâ ̣p , cắ n toạc… 73 25 In this manner had fought 152 Những tổ tiên đ ã bị lãng forgotten ancestors quên của nó xưa vố n đã đánh theo kiể u ấ y 74 25 They came to him without 152 Những cái đó đế n với nó tự effort or discovery, as though nhiên, nó chả phải nhọc công they had been his always gắ ng sức ho ̣c tâ ̣p hoă ̣ c khám phá , dường luôn đã là của nó tự những bao giờ 75 26 And his cadences were 152 their cadences, the cadences Nhịp điệu tiế ng hú của chúng, những nhip̣ điê ̣u diễn XV z 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