Bài tập lớn môn Kinh tế Asean NEUGVHD: PGS. TS. Nguyễn Thường LạngPolicy and reality of technology in Japan from 2015 to 2022 and cooperation with Vietnam. Technology, with its deepseated connection to sustenance, economic growth, and societal wellbeing, as one of the most fundamental economic activities, plays a pivotal role in shaping the trajectory of nations development. In this context, the case of Japan stands as an intriguing canvas on which the interplay between technological policy formulation and its realworld manifestation can be vividly observed. The period spanning from 2015 to 2022 holds particular significance, as it witnessed a concerted effort by Japans policymakers to enhance the performance of its technological sector, address food security concerns, and foster rural prosperity.The significance of this era lies in Japans strategic focus on leveraging technology to foster economic growth, innovation, and competitiveness. The intricate interplay between policy formulation and the tangible outcomes in the technology landscape of Japan underscores the timeliness of this investigation. As Japan grappled with demographic shifts, economic challenges, and the need for sustainable development, its technological policies assumed center stage in driving solutions. Japans pursuit of technological excellence resonates with the global imperative of harnessing innovation for sustainable development. The collaborative dimension with Vietnam imparts a distinctive flavor to this exploration. This partnership reflects the growing recognition of the crossborder synergy required to address complex technological challenges. The experience of Japan, a technological leader, joining forces with Vietnam, a rapidly emerging economy, presents a dynamic case study of how mutual collaboration can propel technological progress. Moreover, the juxtaposition of Japans domestic technological policies with its cooperative efforts with Vietnam encapsulates the multifaceted nature of modern technology integration. It underscores the interconnectedness of global economies, the transferability of knowledge, and the shared pursuit of common goals. As technology continues to shape the trajectory of nations, economies, and societies, understanding the nuances of policy implementation, outcomes, and crossborder collaborations is not only insightful but imperative. so I decided to choose the topic: “Policy and reality of technology in Japan from 2015 to 2022 and cooperation with Vietnam.”
NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ADVANCED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM ASSIGNMENT THE ECONOMIES OF ASEAN TOPIC: POLICY AND REALITY OF TECHNOLOGY IN JAPAN FROM 2015 TO 2022 AND COOPERATION WITH VIETNAM Student name Student code Major Class Instructor Email Tel Semeter Year Student’s Tel Student’s Email : PHAM QUANG VU : 11207480 : International Economics : International Economics AEP 62B : Assoc Prof PhD Nguyen Thuong Lang : langnt@neu.edu.vn, langnguyen3300@gmail.com : 0983478486 :1 : 2023-2024 : 0399090028 : 11207480@st.neu.edu.vn HA NOI, 8/2023 Asean global economy assignment Instructor: Assoc Prof PhD Nguyen Thuong Lang DECLARATIONS The author of the research topic "Policy and reality of technology in Japan from 2015 to 2022 and cooperation with Vietnam." commits the result of this study is the process of studying and researching throughout one semester I assure that the data in the study is entirely based on reality, reliable, and referential These contents are objectively and honestly analyzed and processed Hanoi, August 2023 St Pham Quang Vu Student: Pham Quang Vu Class: International Economics AEP 62B Asean global economy assignment Instructor: Assoc Prof PhD Nguyen Thuong Lang ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Assoc.Prof.Dr Nguyen Thuong Lang, who supervised the development of my primary research paper, for carefully reviewing my work, identifying my errors, and providing practical solutions to my problems I am deeply grateful for the guidance, support, and assistance of my professors, classmates, my friends at National Economics University and my family, who have played a crucial role in helping me refine and improve this paper Their invaluable feedback and suggestions have greatly contributed to the quality and depth of my work I understand the topic “Policy and reality of technology in Japan from 2015 to 2022 and cooperation with Vietnam.” may still have some limitations and shortcomings I am eager to receive feedback from the readers and I remain committed to further refining and enhancing this research Thank you! Hanoi, August 2023 Sincerely, St Pham Quang Vu Student: Pham Quang Vu Class: International Economics AEP 62B Asean global economy assignment Instructor: Assoc Prof PhD Nguyen Thuong Lang TABLE OF CONTENT DECLARATIONS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENT LIST OF ABBREVATION LIST OF FIGURES INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BASIS 1.1 THE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF TECHNOLOGY POLICIES 1.1.1 The overview of technology 1.1.2 The overview of technological policy .6 1.2 THE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION 1.2.1 The definition of international collaboration 1.2.2 Concept and general theories of international collaboration 1.2.3 International collaboration in the technology sector .8 1.3 THE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF JAPAN .9 1.4 THE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF VIETNAM CHAPTER 2: THE POLICIES AND REALITY OF TECHNOLOGY IN JAPAN FROM 2015 TO 2022 11 2.1 THE TECHNOLOGICAL POLICIES IN JAPAN FROM 2015 TO 2022 11 2.2 REALITY OF TECHNOLOGY IN JAPAN FROM 2015 - 2022 13 2.2.1 Technological achievements of Japan from 2015 - 2022 13 2.2.2 Limitations encountered in the technological development of Japan during the period 2015 - 2022 17 CHAPTER 3: THE INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION POLICIES BETWEEN JAPAN AND VIETNAM FROM 2015 TO 2022 IN THE TECHNOLOGICAL SECTOR 19 3.1 COOPERATION POLICIES BETWEEN JAPAN AND VIETNAM IN THE PAST 19 3.2 CORPORATION POLICIES BETWEEN JAPAN AND VIETNAM FROM 2015 TO 2022 .20 3.2.1 Cooperation policies in general between Japan and Vietnam .20 Student: Pham Quang Vu Class: International Economics AEP 62B Asean global economy assignment Instructor: Assoc Prof PhD Nguyen Thuong Lang 3.2.2 Cooperation policies in the technological sector between Japan and Vietnam 21 CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 23 4.1 CONCLUSIONS OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL AND COOPERATION POLICIES WITH VIETNAM IN JAPAN FROM 2015 TO 2022 23 4.1.1 Strength of the technological policies in Japan .23 4.1.2 Weakness of the technological policies in Japan 23 4.1.3 Advantages achieved from the policies 24 4.2 RECOMMENDATIONS 25 4.2.1 Recommendations for Japan 25 4.2.2 Recommendations for Vietnam .25 REFERENCES 26 Student: Pham Quang Vu Class: International Economics AEP 62B Asean global economy assignment Instructor: Assoc Prof PhD Nguyen Thuong Lang LIST OF ABBREVATION Abbrevation AI CPTPP Meaning Artificial Intelligence Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership DTO Digital Transformation Office GDP Gross Domestic Product GHG Greenhouse Gases ICT Information & Communications Technologies IoT Internet of things IPO Initial Public Offering IT Information Technology JICA Japan International Exploration Agency METI Ministry of Trade ODA Official Development Assistance R&D Research & Development RCEP Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement SMEs Medium-sized Enterprises STEM Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Student: Pham Quang Vu Class: International Economics AEP 62B Asean global economy assignment Instructor: Assoc Prof PhD Nguyen Thuong Lang LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Exports value of technology trade by business enterprises in Japan from fiscal year 2011 to 2020 (in trillion Japanese yen) 14 Figure 2.2: Robot density in the world 15 Figure 2.3: Investors embrace artificial intelligence in Japan in 2017 15 Figure 2.4: Global and Domestic Production of the Electronics and IT industy 17 Figure 2.5: The senior employment rate in Japan 18 Figure 3.1: Japanese Investment in Vietnam from 2015 to mid-2019 21 Student: Pham Quang Vu Class: International Economics AEP 62B Asean global economy assignment Instructor: Assoc Prof PhD Nguyen Thuong Lang INTRODUCTION I The urgency of the topic Technology, with its deep-seated connection to sustenance, economic growth, and societal well-being, as one of the most fundamental economic activities, plays a pivotal role in shaping the trajectory of nations' development In this context, the case of Japan stands as an intriguing canvas on which the interplay between technological policy formulation and its real-world manifestation can be vividly observed The period spanning from 2015 to 2022 holds particular significance, as it witnessed a concerted effort by Japan's policymakers to enhance the performance of its technological sector, address food security concerns, and foster rural prosperity The significance of this era lies in Japan's strategic focus on leveraging technology to foster economic growth, innovation, and competitiveness The intricate interplay between policy formulation and the tangible outcomes in the technology landscape of Japan underscores the timeliness of this investigation As Japan grappled with demographic shifts, economic challenges, and the need for sustainable development, its technological policies assumed center stage in driving solutions Japan's pursuit of technological excellence resonates with the global imperative of harnessing innovation for sustainable development The collaborative dimension with Vietnam imparts a distinctive flavor to this exploration This partnership reflects the growing recognition of the cross-border synergy required to address complex technological challenges The experience of Japan, a technological leader, joining forces with Vietnam, a rapidly emerging economy, presents a dynamic case study of how mutual collaboration can propel technological progress Moreover, the juxtaposition of Japan's domestic technological policies with its cooperative efforts with Vietnam encapsulates the multi-faceted nature of modern technology integration It underscores the interconnectedness of global economies, the transferability of knowledge, and the shared pursuit of common goals As technology continues to shape the trajectory of nations, economies, and societies, understanding the nuances of policy implementation, outcomes, and cross-border collaborations is not only insightful but imperative so I decided to choose the topic: “Policy and reality of technology in Japan from 2015 to 2022 and cooperation with Vietnam.” In the subsequent sections of this study, I will unravel the intricate layers of Japan's technological policies, their real-world manifestation, the collaborative dynamics with Vietnam, and the broader implications for shaping a technologically Student: Pham Quang Vu Class: International Economics AEP 62B Asean global economy assignment Instructor: Assoc Prof PhD Nguyen Thuong Lang driven future This exploration is not only academically enlightening but also presents practical implications for policymakers, industry leaders, and global stakeholders who are invested in the transformative power of technology II Target implementation This assignment is to examine the policy and reality of technology in Japan from 2015 to 2022 and its cooperation with Vietnam By examining the alignment between policy intent and actual on-the-ground realities, the study seeks to shed light on the successes, challenges, and potential gaps in the implementation of technological policies Furthermore, the investigation will delve into the bilateral collaboration between Japan and Vietnam in the technological domain, exploring the extent to which this partnership has contributed to knowledge exchange, technological transfer, and sustainable technological practices III Objectives and scope of the study The primary objectives of this study include: Evaluation of Technological Policies: Assessing the formulation, objectives, and mechanisms of Japan's technological policies during the specified period Policy-Reality Nexus: Analyzing the extent to which implemented policies align with actual technological practices, production outcomes, and development Vietnam Collaboration: Investigating the positive impact of technological cooperation between Japan and Vietnam from both two sides Conclusions and recommendations for Vietnam and Japan: By implementing these recommendations, both Vietnam and Japan can further leverage their strengths and foster a mutually beneficial technological partnership IV Research method To achieve the aforementioned objectives, this study will adopt a mixedmethods research approach It will involve an in-depth review of relevant policy documents, reports, and scholarly literature to gain a comprehensive understanding of the policy landscape Additionally, the data including references, tables, and charts… is collected from trusted sources from World Bank, IMF, Brunei policy and some reports from other countries V Structure of the topic In addition to the introduction, the end, the table of contents, and the list of references, the topic is presented in chapters: Chapter 1: Theoretical basis Chapter 2: The policies and reality of technology in Japan from 2015 to 2022 Chapter 3: The international cooperation policies between Japan and Vietnam from 2015 to 2022 in the technological sector Student: Pham Quang Vu Class: International Economics AEP 62B Asean global economy assignment Instructor: Assoc Prof PhD Nguyen Thuong Lang Chapter 4: Conclusions and recommendations CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BASIS 1.1 THE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF TECHNOLOGY POLICIES 1.1.1 The overview of technology 1.1.1.1 Definitions Technology, regarded as one of the most ancient and fundamental human pursuits, assumes a pivotal stance in shaping societies, economies, and the global environment Within the context of international integration, technology can be construed as an assemblage of tools, methodologies, and procedures utilized for the production of goods and services, thereby engendering economic growth and augmenting production efficiency Technology transcends mere apparatus and machinery, encompassing organizational processes, management, and communication pertinent to technology application and development Technology is commonly apprehended as a constellation of processes, techniques, apparatus, and knowledge applied to address challenges, ameliorate operational efficacy, engender novel products or services, and revolutionize how human beings interact with the surrounding world This may involve innovative approaches to harness both natural and artificial resources in the pursuit of specific objectives Technology is subject to transformation and evolution over time, contingent upon the advancements in science, engineering, and the impact of the business, social, and cultural milieu It can yield far-reaching repercussions and reverberate across multifarious domains, encompassing the realms of economics, healthcare, education, and society at large There are several different types of technology, including: Information Technology (IT): This encompasses the use of computers, software, and telecommunications systems to manage and process information IT has revolutionized communication, data management, and decision-making processes, enabling efficient information exchange on a global scale Biotechnology: Biotechnology involves the application of biological processes, organisms, or systems to develop products or services It spans a wide range of applications, from genetic engineering to pharmaceutical development and agricultural advancements Nanotechnology: Nanotechnology deals with manipulating matter at the atomic and molecular levels It enables the creation of new materials and devices with enhanced properties, impacting sectors such as electronics, medicine, and materials science Student: Pham Quang Vu Class: International Economics AEP 62B Asean global economy assignment Instructor: Assoc Prof PhD Nguyen Thuong Lang technology is expected to bring a huge change to the future of sustainable agriculture Japan Healthcare 2035 – Leading the world through health: Japan Healthcare 2035 is a vision for the health system in the next 20 years promoted by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare The vision starts from the recognition that increasing healthcare needs and costs cannot be managed through simple financial adjustments Healthcare 2035 aims at transforming the healthcare system, leveraging the advances in medical technology to respond to the needs of all lifestyles and all people The vision foresees each citizen to be empowered to realise their full wellness potential and take ownership of their health needs A priority objective is to deal with the issues raised by a rapidly ageing population and achieve sustainability of the system This means a paradigm shift to a multidimensional health network able to deal with social needs not only from the medical point of view but also concerning aspects such as access to housing, community building and employment This paradigm shift means transforming the health system priorities from quantity to quality, from inputs to value, from government regulation to autonomy, from cure to care, and from fragmentation to integration Green Growth Strategy: The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) has updated the ‘Green Growth Strategy Through Achieving Carbon Neutrality in 2050’ The strategy leads to sustainable growth and innovation by incorporating all necessary policies into the effort It will further raise the feasibility of achieving a carbon-neutral society by 2050 The government will accelerate structural changes in the energy and industry sectors, and bold investments to make innovation ‘The Green Growth Strategy’ will produce and direct all available policies, including a budget, taxation, finance, regulatory reforms/standardisation and international cooperation towards that goal This will support the forwardlooking challenges of companies, such as making bold investments to make innovation and realise transformation in the industrial structure and social economy To trigger a spiral of innovation, the strategy focuses on the following two points: updating policy measures and goals to be achieved in each area and presenting benefits to people’s lives, in addition to decarbonisation effects Under the over-arching umbrella of the ‘Society 5.0’ vision, the Japanese government continue launching several initiatives to promote the emergence of an ultra-smart society In this vision, all things will be connected through IoT technology and all technologies will be integrated, thereby improving the quality of living 2.2 REALITY OF TECHNOLOGY IN JAPAN FROM 2015 - 2022 2.2.1 Technological achievements of Japan from 2015 - 2022 During the period from 2015 to 2022, Japan has achieved remarkable advancements in various technological domains These achievements are Student: Pham Quang Vu 13 Class: International Economics AEP 62B