Bài trình bày về: Các vật liệu tái tạo trong hoá học xanh (renewable materials in Green chemistry). Đây là nguồn tài liệu cực kỳ có ích cho các bạn đang học về môn hoá học xanh ở bậc cao học, chỉ dùng làm tài liệu tham khảo thôi thì kiến thức của mình đã thay đổi hẳn.
L/O/G/O www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HOCHIMINH CITY HOCHIMINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF ORGANIC CHEMICAL ENGINEERING HCM CITY, 03/2014 Essay “Recent ADVANCES in GREEN CHEMISTRY”: RENEWABLE MATERIALS Reporter: Trần Thị Thảo Vy 12144441 Nguyễn Thị Thanh Hường 13051178 Phạm Huỳnh Minh Trang 13050198 Professor: Dr. Phan Thanh Sơn Nam 1 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn Contents PLA D A B C E 2 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn I. What are Polymers? II. Distinguish between Biodegradation and Decomposition. III.Biodegradable Polymers a) Definition. b) Classification. c) Agents and Factors. IV. Method and Testing Standards 3 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn A large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits, known as monomers. I. What are Polymers? Wikipedia.org, Polymers. 4 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn Various polymer architectures. [6] Wikipedia.org, Polymers. I. What are Polymers? 5 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn Monomer arrangement in copolymers I. What are Polymers? Wikipedia.org, Polymers. 6 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn I. What are Polymers? 7 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn I. What are Polymers? 8 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn I. What are Polymers? 9 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn take millions of years to make more …so recycle! I. What are Polymers? Michael Pitzl, Australian Research Institute for Chemistry and Technology – ofi CROPACK 2010, Renewable vs. Biodegradable – New materials for packaging technology. 10 [...]... Optical properties Spring Seal and easy printing Heat and chemical resistance Stable, environmentally friendly and competitive price In accordance with the requirements of food packaging 16 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn II Distinguish between Biodegradation and Decomposition: Wt < 500 Microorganism (bacteria, fungi, archaeas , and protists) 17 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn II Distinguish between Biodegradation... Decomposition: Www.epi-global.com, Epi, Degradability and Biodegradability Claims www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn 18 III Biodegradable Polymers: a) Definition 19 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn III Biodegradable Polymers: b) Classification: Natural Polymers: • Polysaccharides (E.g starch, cellulose, lignin, chitin) • Proteins 20 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn III Biodegradable Polymers: Natural Polymers: • Lipids (E.g animal... www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn III Biodegradable Polymers: d) Mechanism: Enzyme: 29 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn III Biodegradable Polymers: d) Mechanism: Enzyme: 30 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn III Biodegradable Polymers: d) Mechanism: Enzyme: 31 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn III Biodegradable Polymers: d) Mechanism: Enzyme: 32 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn IV Method and Testing Standards: 33 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn... and Testing Standards: Assessment Methods: Enzyme • Survey of breaking chain • Fast but not selective Surface • Determine the amount of microorganisms • Other organic resource not from polymer Respiration • BOD: Biochemical Oxygen Demand • Easy and sensitive but just for aerobic environment CO2, CH4 • Used to determine ability of degradation 34 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn IV Method and Testing Standards:...I What are Polymers? A tiny bit of plastic is being made from vegetable organic material, so that bit is biodegradable, and renewable • CO2,H2O, inorganic mineral, biomass • CO2, CH4, humus and nontoxic substances www.basf.com Dec 09, 2008, YU L et al 2006 11 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn I What are Polymers? Biodegradable Polymer Note: Biopolymer www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn 12 I What are Polymers?... www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn III Biodegradable Polymers: Natural Polymers: 22 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn III Biodegradable Polymers: Synthetic Polymers: • PHAs: Poly-hydroxy-alkanoates • Polyvinyl alcohols • PHB: Poly-hydroxy-butyrates Wikipedia.org, List of Synthetic Polymers www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn 23 III Biodegradable Polymers: Synthetic Polymers: • Polyalhydrides • PBS: Polybutylene succinate •... Method and Testing Standards: Measuring Biodegradation: 100 % C conversion to CO2 80 level of biodegradation = 65% 60 40 lag-phase 20 degradation phase plateau phase 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 time (d) % Carbon dioxide evolution = % Biodegradation 35 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn IV Method and Testing Standards: Testing Standards: Surface 36 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn ... Synthetic Polymers www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn 24 III Biodegradable Polymers: c) Agents and Factors: Microorganism Enzyme Structure Morphology Weight Mechanics Heat, Light, Chemical Polymer 25 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn III Biodegradable Polymers: d) Mechanism: Microorganism: 26 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn III Biodegradable Polymers: d) Mechanism: Microorganism: 27 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn III Biodegradable... www.european-bioplastics.org, Feb 17th, 2010 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn 13 I What are Polymers? Composition: Biopolymer can be made from many different sources and materials: – Plant Oil – Cellulose – Corn Starch – Potato Starch – Sugarcane – Hemp etc 14 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn I What are Polymers? C O M P O S I T I O N Plant Oil Corn www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn Starch Sugarcane Cellulose Potato 15 I What . ENGINEERING HCM CITY, 03/2 014 Essay “Recent ADVANCES in GREEN CHEMISTRY”: RENEWABLE MATERIALS Reporter: Trần Thị Thảo Vy 12 1444 41 Nguyễn Thị Thanh Hường 13 0 511 78 Phạm Huỳnh Minh Trang 13 05 019 8 Professor:. to 10 % www.european-bioplastics.org, Feb. 17 th, 2 010 I. What are Polymers? 13 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn Composition: Biopolymer can be made from many different sources and materials: – Plant. Research Institute for Chemistry and Technology – ofi CROPACK 2 010 , Renewable vs. Biodegradable – New materials for packaging technology. 10 www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn I. What are Polymers? A tiny bit