a dictionary of law jul 2003

[...]... English law See also BUGGERY aggravated assault See ASSAULT aggravated burglary See BURGLARY aggravated damages *Damages that are awarded when the conduct of the defendant or the surrounding circumstances increase the injury to the claimant by subjecting him to humiliation, distress, or embarrassment, particularly in such torts as assault, false imprisonment, and defamation aggravated trespass See TRESPASS... or a ventilator) can be acquired Civil aircraft flying at a reasonable height over land do not commit trespass, but damages can be obtained if material loss or damage is caused to people or property In international law, national airspace, including airspace above the internal waters and the territorial sea, is under complete and exclusive sovereignty of the subjacent state As a result, apart from aircraft... annuitant) An annuity left by will is treated as a pecuniary legacy An annuity may be charged on, or directed to be paid out of, a particular fund or it may be unsecured A joint annuity, in which money is payable to more than one annuitant, terminates on the death of the last survivor See also RENTCHARGE annulment n 1 A declaration by the court that a marriage was never legally valid In all cases of. .. chairman, a representative farmer, and a representative landowner Notice to quit a holding is in certain circumstances inoperative without a tribunal's consent, and on the death of a tenant the tribunal has power to direct that a qualifying member of aid and abet 22 23 allocation questionnaire his family is entitled to a new tenancy Application may also be made to the tribunal for a certificate of bad... their area an Act of Parliament conferring powers on them at their option adoption agency A local authority or an approved *adoption society Usually only adoption agencies may make arrangements for adoption Adoption Contact Register A register, maintained by the Registrar General containing the names and addresses of all adopted persons who are over the age of 18: have a copy of their birth certificate,... to a deed after execution without the consent of the parties, the deed may become void in part See also AMENDMENT alteration of share capital An increase, reduction (see REDUCTION OF CAPITAL), or any other change in the *authorized capital of a company If permitted by the *article~ of association, a limited company can increase its authorized capital as appropnate It c~n also rearrange its existing authorized... Invasion, attack, military occupation, or annexation of the territory of any state by the armed forces of another state (2) Bombardment or the use of any weapons by a state against another state's territory (3)Armed blockade by a state of another state's ports or coasts (4) The use of a state's armed forces in another state in breach of the terms of the agreement on which they were allowed into that state... not affect the validity of any sale of property or other action that has already taken place as a result of the bankruptcy order 3 The cancellation of *delegated legislation by resolution of either House of Parliament 4 The setting aside of legislation or other action by the *European Court of Justice annus et dies [Latin] A year and a day At common law, the Crown was entitled to take possession of. .. the standard scale and/or up to six months' imprisonment Certain kinds of more serious assault are known as aggravated assaults and carry stricter penalties Examples of these are assault with intent to resist lawful arrest (two years), assault occasioning *actual bodily harm (five years), and assault with intent to rob (life imprisonment) See also AFFRAY; INDECENT ASSAULT Assembly of the European Communities... tribunals by way of case stated and in matters of *judicial review and *habeas corpus The Court of Appeal (Civil Division) is able to hear appeals from the county courts (except in bankruptcy cases) by way of the leapfrog procedure (Court of Appeal), and appeals from the High Court and various tribunals The House of Lords will hear appeals primarily from the Court of Appeal but can hear appeals from the . foreign law that is recognized in English law. See alsoBUGGERY. aggravated assault See ASSAULT. aggravated burglary See BURGLARY. aggravated damages *Damages that are awarded when the conduct of the defendant or. Treaty of Rome. Compare HARMONIZATION OF LAWS. appurtenant adj. Attached or annexed to land and enhancing the land or its use. An *easement must be appurtenant to a *dominant tenement but a *profit a prendreneed. by the Companies Act 1985) annually at a *general meeting. These consist of a *balance sheet and a *profit- and-loss account with *group accounts (if appropriate) attached. They are accompanied by a directors' report and