Using video clips to enhance english students participation in pre listening stage at pham hong thai secondary school in ba ria vung tau (masters thesis)

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING BA RIA – VUNG TAU UNIVERSITY TRAN THI TU NHAN USING VIDEO CLIPS TO ENHANCE ENGLISH STUDENTS’ PARTICIPATION IN PRE-LISTENING STAGE AT PHAM HONG THAI SECONDARY SCHOOL IN BA RIA VUNG TAU CITY MASTER’S THESIS Ba Ria - Vung Tau, March 2023 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING BA RIA – VUNG TAU UNIVERSITY TRAN THI TU NHAN USING VIDEO CLIPS TO ENHANCE ENGLISH STUDENTS’ PARTICIPATION IN PRE-LISTENING STAGE AT PHAM HONG THAI SECONDARY SCHOOL IN BA RIA VUNG TAU CITY MASTER’S THESIS Submitted to the Postgraduate Institute in partial fulfillment of the Master’s degree in TESOL Course code: 8140111 Supervisor’s name: Assoc Prof PHAM HUU DUC, PhD Ba Ria - Vung Tau, March 2023 i CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I certify my authorship of the Master’s Thesis submitted today entitled: USING VIDEO CLIPS TO ENHANCE ENGLISH STUDENTS’ PARTICIPATION IN PRE-LISTENING STAGE AT PHAM HONG THAI SECONDARY SCHOOL IN BA RIA VUNG TAU CITY In terms of the statement of requirements for Theses in Master’s programs issued by Higher Degree Committee of Postgraduate Institute, Ba Ria Vung Tau University Ba Ria - Vung Tau, March 2023 TRAN THI TU NHAN ii RETENTION AND USE OF THE THESIS I hereby state that I, Tran Thi Tu Nhan, being a candidate for the degree of TESOL accept the requirements of the University relating to the retention and use of Master’s Thesis deposited in the library In terms of these conditions, I agree that the original of my Master’s Thesis deposited in the library should be accessible for purposes of study and research, in accordance with the normal conditions established by the Librarian for the care, loan, and reproduction for thesis Ba Ria - Vung Tau, March 2023 Tran Thi Tu Nhan iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank everyone who has encouraged and supported me in completing my thesis First of all, I want to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Associate Professor Phạm Hữu Đức, Ph.D., for his illimitable support I learned a lot from his serious and thorough attitude towards working, as well as his brilliant mind I would like to thank all the teachers at the Foreign Languages Department for their invaluable teaching and enormous assistance in illuminating my study path I also send my special thanks to all faculty and staffs of Pham Hong Thai Secondary School for their invaluable teaching and enormous assistance in illuminating my study path In addition, I also would like to give my special thanks to the students at Pham Hong Thai Secondary School who have provided the indispensable with me I am grateful to my family, whose encouragement and support has been extremely vital to the success of my educational aspirations; they encourage and share my struggle These people deserve all the praise I am grateful for all their support and contribution iv ABSTRACT Listening is regarded as the most difficult and crucial ability in language learning for communicating in real life, and how to enhance this skill is a big concern for students who are learning foreign languages The research entitled “Using Video Clips to Enhance English Students’ Participation in Pre-Listening Stage” was carried out with the aim of offering teachers with a deep and understandable attitude listening skills The purpose of this research is to investigate and utilize language knowledge to motivate students to learn listening In this thesis, I discuss the background information on students learning listening through video clips, particularly at the pre-listening stage Their language learning listening skills are put to use There is additional discussion of the definitions of listening stages, their background information, and video clips for pre-listening According to the findings of the data analysis of the survey questionnaire and interview, I discovered that using video clips in the pre-listening motivates students to learn better listening skills Furthermore, background information is enabled at all stages of the listening process I present some ideas for improving the teaching and learning of pre-listening stage in listening skill based on the documentary, the literature review, and the findings of data analysis from the survey questionnaire and interviews Keywords: pre-listening stage, video clips, students’ participation v TABLE OF CONTENT CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.2 Research gap 1.3 Aims of the Study .2 1.4 Key research questions .2 1.5 Scope of the study 1.6 Significance of the study 1.7 Struture of the study CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Listening skill .5 2.1.1 Definitions of listening skill 2.1.2 The important of listening skill 2.1.3 Listening strategies 2.1.4 Principles for teaching listening 2.1.5 Factors affecting listening skill 2.2 Pre-listening stage 2.2.1 Detailed pre-listening .10 2.2.2 Definitions of pre-listening 10 2.2.3 The importance of pre-listening stage .11 2.2.4 Aim of pre-listening stage 18 vi 2.2.5 The role of pre-listening stage 12 2.2.6 Pre-listening activities .12 2.2.7 Principles of using pre-listening activities .13 2.3 Visual techniques .13 2.3.1 Use of technology in teaching listening 13 2.3.2 Use of video as audio visual aid 15 2.3.3 The effects of video clips on listening comprehensions 16 2.4 Students’ participation .16 2.5 Previous studies about the use of video clips on teaching listening 19 2.6 Conceptual framework .21 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY .22 3.1 Research design 22 3.2 Participants .22 3.2.1 The students .22 3.2.2 The teachers .23 3.3 Data collection instruments 23 3.3.1 Questionnaires 23 3.3.2 Interviews 24 3.3.3 Class observation .24 3.4 Data collection procedures .24 3.5 An introduction to the current Basic Tastics for Listening second edition 25 3.6 Summary 29 CHAPTER 4: FINDING AND DISCUSSIONS 30 vii 4.1 Overview of the survey 30 4.2 Analysis of questionnaires .31 4.2.1 Questionnaires for students 31 4.2.2 Questionnaires for teachers 42 4.3 Analysis of interviews .45 4.4 Analysis of classroom observation 46 4.5 Discusstion 50 4.5.1 Factors making students unwilling to English listening in pre-listening stage .50 4.5.2 The effectiveness of using video clips to improve students' listening 51 4.6 Results .53 CHAPTER CONCLUSION .54 5.1 Conclusion 54 5.2 Implications 55 5.3 Limitations of the study 56 5.4 Further study 57 REFERENCES 59 viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS NO ABBREVIATIONS MEANING L1 First language L2 Second language EFL English as a foreign language ELT English language teaching GPA Grade Point Average Listening activities Your teacher often uses You enjoy Role-play Interviews Games/ Shows Pair-work/Group-work and problem solving Picture description Video clips Pre-questions Question 8: Which problems you often face to when you listening-tasks (More than one answers are possible) Choices Percentage A You not know what type of information you are listening to tasks B You have limited vocabulary C You not know what you have to with your listening to D You cannot read the instruction carefully in given time E linking sound Question 9: Which of the following elements affect your learning listening skill in pre-listening stage? (Tick (✓) on the case you choose) Teaching method: good OK bad Noises around: formal noisy too noisy Equipment (CDs, CD players, TV, Speakers, projectors): Poor quality Visual support: OK not good enough Learning environment: stressful modern good OK comfortable Question 10: How often you want to use video clips for the pre-listening activities that are used in teaching listening process? A always B usually C sometimes D rarely E never Question 11: How you access video-clips used in pre-listening stage? Evaluation items The video clips I listened in class are more interesting than non-authentic materials in the textbooks Video clips in pre-listening stage help me grasp which next information in while-listening English subtitles in the video clips are helpful in learning English Video clips increase my knowledge of vocabulary which I need in real life Strongly Agree agree Disagree Strongly disagree situations Video clips help develop my speaking ability I am interested in learning English if the teacher uses video in English as teaching materials PHỤ LỤC A PHIẾU ĐỒNG Ý Hãy ký tên bạn đồng ý tham gia vào khảo sát sau đọc hiểu tất thông tin bên Chữ ký Người tham gia Ngày/tháng/năm BẢNG CÂU HỎI DÀNH CHO HỌC SINH Tơi có số câu hỏi việc dạy học tiếng Anh trường THCS Phạm Hồng Thái Hãy trả lời câu hỏi theo suy nghĩ trải nghiệm riêng bạn Cảm ơn! I THÔNG TIN CÁ NHÂN Giới tính: Nữ Nam Điểm trung bình mơn Tiếng Anh bạn vào năm học trước: Trên 3.5 Trên 5.0 Trên 6.5 Trên 8.0 II SUY NGHĨ VÀ TRẢI NGHIỆM CỦA BẠN VỀ VIỆC HỌC TIẾNG ANH Bạn có đồng ý với điều đây? (Đánh dấu (✓) vào cột phù hợp với ý kiến bạn) Tiêu chí Tơi nhận thức rõ tầm quan trọng việc hiểu kỹ nghe Tiếng Anh Thật khó học kỹ nghe Hồn tồn Đồng ý đồng ý Khơng đồng ý Hồn tồn không đồng ý Tôi nhận thấy việc học kỹ nghe nhàm chán không thú vị Tôi khó hiểu nghe chủ đề nghe không quen thuộc Những yếu tố sau ảnh hưởng đến việc học kỹ nghe bạn? (Đánh dấu (✓) vào ô bạn chọn) Phương pháp dạy học: Tiếng ồn: tốt bình thường ổn ồn tệ ồn Các thiết bị (máy CD, đĩa CD, ti vi, loa, máy chiếu): chất lượng ổn Chương trình giảng dạy: Mơi trường học tập: phù hợp căng thẳng đại không phù hợp ổn thoải mái Bạn muốn phát triển kỹ nghe vì: (Đánh dấu (✓) vào bạn chọn, chọn nhiều trường hợp) A Tiếng Anh ngôn ngữ phổ biến B Bạn muốn nghe Tiếng Anh để giao tiếp (hoặc để xem phim nước ngoài; nghe hát theo nhạc Tiếng Anh; tán gẫu mạng, vân vân) C Để nâng cao hội tương lai D Bạn muốn vượt qua kỳ kiểm tra Bạn cảm thấy bạn học kỹ nghe sau thực hoạt động trước nghe? A Tự tin B Hứng thú C Bình thường D Cả A B Bạn nghĩ học sử dụng video clips hoạt động trước nghe? A khó để nghe B thú vị dễ hiểu C bình thường D dễ dàng Hoạt động mà bạn thích lớp học nghe? (Có thể chọn nhiều hoạt động) Hoạt động nghe Giáo viên thường sử dụng Bạn thích Đóng vai Phỏng vấn Trị chơi / Chương trình Làm việc cặp / Làm việc nhóm / Giải vấn đề Miêu tả tranh Sử dụng video clip Đặt câu hỏi Vấn đề mà bạn thường đối mặt bạn thực nhiệm vụ nghe (Có thể chọn nhiều câu trả lời) Lựa chọn A Bạn thông tin mà nghe B Bạn bị giới hạn từ vựng C Bạn khơng biết phải làm nghe D Bạn đọc tiêu đề cẩn thận thời gian hạn định E Cách nối âm 10 Tần suất bạn muốn sử dụng video clip giai đoạn trước nghe sử dụng trình dạy nghe? A luôn sử dụng B thường xuyên sử dụng C sử dụng D sử dụng E Không sử dụng 11 Bạn đánh giá video-clips chúng sử dụng giai đoạn trước nghe? Tiêu chí đánh giá Các video clip nghe lớp học thú vị tài liệu sách giáo khoa Các video clip giai đoạn trước nghe giúp nắm bắt thông tin phần nghe Phụ đề tiếng Anh video clip hữu ích việc học tiếng Anh Các video clips nâng cao kiến thức từ vựng mà tơi cần tình Hồn tồn đồng ý Hồn Đồng Khơng tồn ý đồng ý khơng đồng ý thực tế Các video clip giúp phát triển khả nói Tơi thích học tiếng Anh giáo viên sử dụng video tiếng Anh làm tài liệu giảng dạy APPENDIX B (ENGLISH VERSION) CONSENT FORM Your signature below indicates that you have decided to participate in the study after reading all of the information and you understand the information in this form Signature Interviewer Date Questionnaire for teachers’ interview I have some questions about the teaching and learning English in secondary schools Please answer the questions according to your own thought and experience Thank you! I PERSONAL INFORMATION: Name: ………………………………… Institution …………………………… Gender: male female You have been teaching English for: ……… years Question 1: In your opinion, how important is the use of video clips in prelistening stage in teaching listening? A Very important B Important C Less important D Not important at all Question 2: Do you think using video clips can develop students’ listening skill? A Yes, very much B Yes, but not much C Not really D Not at all Question 3: What you think of video clips in pre-listening stage? A Help students enjoys learning English B Improve students’ listening skills C Motivate students’ interest in listening skills D Enhance students’ self-confidence in listening lessons E Attract students’ attention Question What problems are you facing when adopting using video clips in teaching listening English? Question How you select video clips for your class? Question Do you face any challenges while using video clips? If yes, what are those? Question How you overcome those problems? PHỤ LỤC B PHIẾU ĐỒNG Ý Hãy ký tên bạn đồng ý tham gia vào khảo sát sau đọc hiểu tất thông tin bên Chữ ký Người tham gia Ngày/tháng/năm BẢNG CÂU HỎI DÀNH CHO PHỎNG VẤN GIÁO VIÊN Tơi có số câu hỏi việc dạy học tiếng Anh trường THCS Hãy trả lời câu hỏi theo suy nghĩ kinh nghiệm riêng bạn Cảm ơn! I THÔNG TIN CÁ NHÂN Họ tên: ……………………………… Công tác trường: …………………………… Giới tính: Nam Nữ Thầy dạy Tiếng Anh năm? Theo ý kiến thầy cô, tầm quan trọng việc sử dụng video clip giai đoạn chuẩn bị nghe việc dạy nghe? A Rất quan trọng B Quan trọng C Ít quan trọng D Khơng quan trọng Thầy có nghĩ việc sử dụng video clip phát triển kỹ nghe học sinh? A Giúp phát triển kỹ nghe học sinh đáng kể B Giúp phát triển kỹ nghe học sinh không đáng kể C Không hẳn giúp phát triển kỹ nghe cho học sinh D Không giúp phát triển kỹ nghe cho học sinh Thầy cô nghĩ video clip sử dụng giai đoạn trước nghe? A Giúp học sinh yêu thích việc học Tiếng Anh B Cải thiện kỹ nghe cho học sinh C Kích thích hứng thú học sinh cho kỹ nghe D Nâng cao tự tin học sinh nghe E Thu hút tập trung học sinh Những vấn đề mà thầy cô phải đối mặt sử dụng video clip việc dạy nghe Tiếng Anh? Thầy cô lựa chọn video clip cho lớp học mình? Thầy có gặp thách thức sử dụng video clip khơng? Nếu có, thách thức nào? Làm mà thầy cô vượt qua thách thức đó? APPENDIX C Categories Results Criteria Preparation Well-prepared and well-organized in class Apparently and appropriately prepared objectives of the lesson Presentation Language of instructions is clear and concise for students to carry them on The lesson is smooth, sequenced, and logical Authentic materials are added Materials are presented at the students’ level of comprehension The teacher shows an interest in, enthusiasm for the subject taught Implementation/ methods The teacher move around the class and be ready to help more for the students There are balance and variety of activities during the lesson 10 Examples and illustrations are used effectively 11 Instructional aids or resource materials are used effectively 12 Drills are used and presented effectively Good Not Good (G) (NG) 13 Teachers explores authentic situations in the class 14 Structures and vocabulary are taken out of students’ presentation and applied to the real contexts of students’ culture and personal experience Student’s presentation 15 Students listen and complete task well 16 Over half of students are encouraged to listening frequency 17 The students can draw the attention with their presentation and give out comments Teacher/Student interaction 18 Teacher is a facilitator 19 The students are receivers 20 The teacher encourages and ensures that every student participates fully 21 The students pay much attention and participate in the lesson 22 Teacher effectively organizes individual, pair work, and group work to the project 23 Teacher controls and directs the class Teacher’s feedback 24 Teacher gives out a clear typescript 25 Teacher’s feedback helps students improve their listening skills APPENDIX D Talk about Movies in English https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9JroOpISbls English Conversation about movies https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FaJw4OrLB0s How to describe a movie in English https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cv9t_BGisIw Teenagers and fashion https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvovLPbrxC8 At the shop https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXyfQYbmf8Y https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YjXiCZpelf0 Shopping at the grocery store https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GlNbzAGZC2M&t=54s https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1QCwbh9Yk0M Talking about clothes in English https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SwaDRdX2-nM&t=153s Asking for Help Shopping ESL Conversation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xMdVyLkspgI Do you often shop online? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N1zli62hmr0 10 How Many or How Much? - Grocery Store Vocabulary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D-UOo4An8yE