Tài liệu tiếng Anh thương mại Chapter 19 Ethics and social responsibilities
19-1 Chapter 19 Ethics and Social Responsibilities 19-2 Key Concepts • Ethics Defined • Ethics in the Supply Management Context • Professional Purchasing and Supply Management Ethics • Principles and Standards of Purchasing and supply Management Practice • Management Responsibilities » Written Standards » Ethics Training and Education » Departmental Environment » Miscellaneous Factors • Dealing with Gray Areas » The Four Way Test • Social Responsibilities 19-3 Ethics in Supply Management • Ethics are the guidelines or rules of conduct by which we aim to live • Does running an ethical operation yield positive results for a company? • A literature review of papers investigating whether increased social responsibility results in favorable financial performance found: » 33 studies showing a positive relationship » 5 studies showing a negative relationship » 14 showing no effect or inconclusive results 19-4 Survey of 4,035 Employees Across a Variety of Industries • 97% said good ethics are good business • 67% said that ethical conduct isn’t rewarded in American business • 82% believe that managers generally choose bigger profits over “doing what’s right” • 25% said their companies ignore ethics to achieve business goals • 33% reported that their superiors had pressured them to violate company rules 19-5 Professional Supply Management Ethics • The pressures that the marketplace exerts on supply management departments and on individual buyers make it essential that top management and supply management recognize and understand both the professional and ethical standards required in the performance of their duties 19-6 Principles of Supply Management Practice 1. Loyalty To Your Organization 2. Justice To Those With Whom You Deal 3. Faith In Your Profession » From these principles are derived 12 standards of supply management practice 19-7 Twelve Standards 1. Ethical Perceptions 2. Responsibilities to the Employer 3. Conflict of Interest 4. Gratuities 5. Confidential Information 6. Treatment of Suppliers 7. Reciprocity 8. Governing Laws 9. Small, Disadvantaged, and Minority Owned Businesses 10. Personal Purchases for Employees 11. Responsibilities to the Profession 12. Global Supply Management 19-8 1. Ethical Perceptions • Avoid the intent and appearance of unethical or compromising practice in relationships, actions, and communications. 19-9 2. Responsibilities to the Employer • Demonstrate loyalty to the employer by diligently following the lawful instructions of the employer, using reasonable care and only the authority granted. 19-10 3. Conflict of Interest • Refrain from any private business or professional activity that would create a conflict between personal interests and the interests of the employer. [...]... » and these Ethical Standards and Guidelines 19- 23 Important Areas Requiring Amplification • Avoid Sharp Practices • Competitive Bidding • Negotiation • Samples • Treating Salespeople with Respect • Substandard Materials and Services • Gifts and Gratuities 19- 24 Avoid Sharp Practices • Evasion and indirect misrepresentation • Just short of actual fraud • Sharp practices focus on short-term gains and. .. a conflict with ethical standards • Traditional Sales Techniques » The majority consider many of gifts and gratuities to be traditional sales tools • Cultural Ramifications 19- 34 Management Responsibilities • Written Standards • Ethics Training and Education • Departmental Environment • Miscellaneous Factors 19- 35 Dealing with Gray Areas • Employer • Suppliers • Colleagues 19- 36 ... employer, but for the firm’s employees 19- 21 11 Responsibilities to the Profession • Enhance the proficiency and stature of the supply management profession by acquiring and maintaining current technical knowledge and the highest standards of ethical behavior 19- 22 12 Global Supply Management • Conduct international supply management in accordance with: » the laws, customs, and practices of foreign countries,... Careful evaluation of nominal value 19- 12 5 Confidential Information • Handle confidential or proprietary information belonging to employers or suppliers with due care and proper consideration of ethical and legal ramifications and governmental regulations 19- 13 Examples of Confidential Information • Pricing and cost date • Bid or quotation information • Formulas and process information • Design information... Supply sources and supplier information • Customer lists and customer information • Computer software programs 19- 14 6 Treatment of Suppliers • Promote positive supplier relationships through courtesy and impartiality in all phases of the supply management cycle 19- 15 7 Reciprocity • Refrain from reciprocal agreements that restrain competition 19- 16 8 Governing Laws • Know and obey the letter and spirit... Corrupt Practices Act 19- 18 9 Small, Disadvantaged, and Minority Owned Businesses • Encourage all segments of society to participate by providing access for small, disadvantaged, and minorityowned businesses 19- 19 10 Personal Purchases for Employees • Discourage supply management’s involvement in employer-sponsored programs of personal purchases that are not business related 19- 20 Recommended Guidelines... management personnel to see every salesperson on his or her first call 19- 32 Substandard Materials and Services • Two proprieties: » The supplier should be given prompt notice » The appropriate supply manager should conduct negotiations for adjustments with the appropriate sales personnel in the supplier’s organization 19- 33 Gifts and Gratuities • “There’s No Such Thing as a Free Lunch” » A minority... management function, and remain alert to the legal ramifications of supply management decisions 19- 17 Key Laws and Regulations in the USA • Uniform Commercial Code • The Sherman Act • The Clayton Act • The Robinson-Patman Act • The Federal Trade Commission Act • The Federal Acquisition Regulations • The Defense Acquisition Regulations • Patent, Copyright, and Trademark Laws • OSHA, EPA, and EEOC Laws •... announced bid closing date and time • Do not take advantage of apparent mistakes in the supplier’s bid • Do not “shop” or conduct auctions for low prices 19- 29 Negotiation • A professional should maintain high ethical standards, such as: » Competitors are informed of the factors that will be involved in source selection » All potential suppliers are given equal access to information and are afforded the... of cash and who may seek only to cover his/her out-of-pocket costs 19- 27 Competitive Bidding • Invite only firms to whom they are willing to award a contract to submit bids • Normally, award the contract to the lowest responsive, responsible bidder • Keep competitive price information confidential • Notify unsuccessful bidders promptly so that they may reallocate reserved production capacity 19- 28 Competitive . 19- 1 Chapter 19 Ethics and Social Responsibilities 19- 2 Key Concepts • Ethics Defined • Ethics in the Supply Management Context • Professional Purchasing and Supply Management Ethics • Principles. Management Ethics • Principles and Standards of Purchasing and supply Management Practice • Management Responsibilities » Written Standards » Ethics Training and Education » Departmental Environment » Miscellaneous. management departments and on individual buyers make it essential that top management and supply management recognize and understand both the professional and ethical standards required in the