Solaris 9 System Administrator Darrell Ambro 00 8699 fm/intro/assess 11/19/02 10:09 AM Page i Solaris 9 System Administrator Exam Cram 2 Copyright © 2003 by Que Certification All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Nor is any lia- bility assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. International Standard Book Number: 0-7897-2869-9 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2002114425 Printed in the United States of America First Printing: December 2002 05 04 03 02 4321 Trademarks All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Que Certification cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. Warning and Disclaimer Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accu- rate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied. The information provided is on an “as is” basis. The author and the publisher shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this book or from the use of the CD or programs accompanying it. Executive Editor Jeff Riley Development Editor Ginny Bess Monroe Managing Editor Charlotte Clapp Project Editor Carol Bowers Copy Editor Kezia Endsley Indexer Heather McNeill Proofreaders Benjamin Berg Juli Cook Technical Editors Grant Carstensen Edgar Danielyan Team Coordinator Rosemary Lewis Multimedia Developer Dan Scherf Page Layout Stacey Richwine-DeRome Graphics Stephen Adams Tammy Graham Oliver L. Jackson, Jr. Laura Robbins 00 8699 fm/intro/assess 11/19/02 10:09 AM Page ii A Note from Series Editor Ed Tittel You know better than to trust your certification preparation to just anybody. That’s why you, and more than two million others, have purchased an Exam Cram book. As Series Editor for the new and improved Exam Cram2 series, I have worked with the staff at Que Certification to ensure you won’t be disappointed. That’s why we’ve taken the world’s best-selling certification product—a finalist for “Best Study Guide” in a CertCities reader poll in 2002—and made it even better. As a “Favorite Study Guide Author” finalist in a 2002 poll of CertCities readers, I know the value of good books. You’ll be impressed with Que Certification’s stringent review process, which ensures the books are high-quality, relevant, and technically accurate. Rest assured that at least a dozen industry experts—including the panel of certification experts at CramSession—have reviewed this material, helping us deliver an excellent solution to your exam preparation needs. We’ve also added a preview edition of PrepLogic’s powerful, full-featured test engine, which is trusted by certification students throughout the world. As a 20-year-plus veteran of the computing industry and the original creator and editor of the Exam Cram series, I’ve brought my IT experience to bear on these books. During my tenure at Novell from 1989 to 1994, I worked with and around its excellent education and certification department. This experience helped push my writing and teaching activities heavily in the certification direction. Since then, I’ve worked on more than 70 certification-related books, and I write about certification topics for numerous Web sites and for Certification magazine. In 1996, while studying for various MCP exams, I became frustrated with the huge, unwieldy study guides that were the only preparation tools available. As an experienced IT professional and former instructor, I wanted “nothing but the facts” necessary to prepare for the exams. From this impetus, Exam Cram emerged in 1997. It quickly became the best-selling computer book series since “…For Dummies,” and the best-selling certification book series ever. By maintaining an intense focus on subject matter, tracking errata and updates quickly, and following the certification market closely, Exam Cram was able to establish the dominant position in cert prep books. You will not be disappointed in your decision to purchase this book. If you are, please contact me at etittel@jump.net. All suggestions, ideas, input, or constructive criticism are welcome! Que Certification • 201 West 103rd Street • Indianapolis, Indiana 46290 00 8699 fm/intro/assess 11/19/02 10:09 AM Page iii Taking You to the Solaris 9 System Administrator Finish Line! www.examcram.com Solaris 9 System Administrator Training Guide (Exams 310-014, 310-015) Bill Calkins ISBN 0-7897-2922-9 $49.99 US/$77.99 CAN/£36.50 Net UK Before you walk into your local testing center, make absolutely sure you’re prepared to pass your exam. In addition to the Exam Cram 2 series, consider our Training Guide series. Que Certification’s Training Guides have exactly what you need to pass your exam: • Exam Objectives highlighted in every chapter • Notes, Tips, Warnings, and Exam Tips advise what to watch out for • Step-by-Step Exercises for “hands-on” practice • End-of-chapter Exercises and Exam Questions • Final Review with Fast Facts, Study and Exam Tips, and another Practice Exam • A CD that includes PrepLogic Practice Tests for complete evaluation of your knowledge • Our authors are recognized experts in the field. In most cases, they are current or former instructors, trainers, or consultants – they know exactly what you need to know! 00 8699 fm/intro/assess 11/19/02 10:09 AM Page iv For my parents, my brother and his family, and my wife and kids. ❧ 00 8699 fm/intro/assess 11/19/02 10:09 AM Page v About the Author Darrell Ambro is a Distinguished Member of the Technical Staff with Lucent Technologies. He has been with Lucent and its predecessors for 25 years and has been using various forms of Unix since 1977. During his career, Darrell has been involved in a variety of projects, sup- porting both military and civilian organizations of the U.S. government. These projects involved Local Area Network (LAN) design, operation, implementation and troubleshooting, application development and systems integration, system security and intrusion detection, database design, system administration, system test, proposal development, acceptance test/sales sup- port, and software maintenance. Recently, Darrell has become involved in supporting Lucent’s corporate computer infrastructure including its Electronic Data Exchange (EDI) oper- ations and Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) initiatives. In addition to being a Sun Certified System Administrator for Solaris 2.6, Solaris 7, Solaris 8, and Solaris 9, Darrell is also a Sun Certified Network Administrator for Solaris 8 and Solaris 9, a Novell Certified NetWare Engineer (CNE), a Microsoft Certified System Engineer (MCSE), and a WebMethods Certified Business Partner Integration Developer. Darrell is a Third Degree Black Belt in Tae Kwon Do under the training of Grand Master Seung Gyoo Dong of Richmond, VA. . 00 8699 fm/intro/assess 11/19/02 10:09 AM Page vi About the Technical Reviewers Grant Carstensen is a Senior Unix Systems Administrator with Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC), a major IT services company that offers a broad range of capabilities, from consulting and systems integration to outsourcing. He has more than 17 years combined experience across numerous IT-related positions and skill sets. He has focused on Unix systems administration of pre- dominantly SunOS- and Solaris-based systems over the last seven years, with some Silicon Graphics Inc. (SGI) IRIX-based systems administration, Network Engineering, and Project Management roles wedged in as well. Additionally, over the last year an a half, his homogenous world has been sul- lied with his conscription into providing systems administration support for some Windows NT 4.0-based servers and Windows 2000 Professional-based workstations alongside the Unix systems he has been supporting. Grant has been a technical editor for the Solaris 7 System Administrator Certification Training Guide and the Solaris 8 System Administrator Certification Training Guide (published by New Riders Publishing). Edgar Danielyan is a self-employed consultant, author, and editor special- izing in Unix, security, and internetworking. He is the author of Solaris 8 Security published by New Riders Publishing in 2001 and is a Sun Certified System and Network Administrator. He can be contacted online at www.danielyan.com or at edd@danielyan.com. 00 8699 fm/intro/assess 11/19/02 10:09 AM Page vii . Acknowledgments Thanks to Jeff Riley, Ginny Bess, and others at Que Publishing who provid- ed guidance and assistance in the development and production of my third book. Thanks to my wife Lilli and my kids, Shane and Eva, for giving me the time to get it done. I love you. 00 8699 fm/intro/assess 11/19/02 10:09 AM Page viii We Want to Hear from You! As the reader of this book, you are our most important critic and commenta- tor. We value your opinion and want to know what we’re doing right, what we could do better, what areas you’d like to see us publish in, and any other words of wisdom you’re willing to pass our way. As an executive editor for Que, I welcome your comments. You can email or write me directly to let me know what you did or didn’t like about this book— as well as what we can do to make our books better. Please note that I cannot help you with technical problems related to the topic of this book. We do have a User Services group, however, where I will forward specific technical questions related to the book. When you write, please be sure to include this book’s title and author as well as your name, email address, and phone number. I will carefully review your comments and share them with the author and editors who worked on the book. Email: feedback@quepublishing.com Mail: Jeff Riley Executive Editor Que Publishing 201 West 103rd Street Indianapolis, IN 46290 USA For more information about this book or another Que title, visit our Web site at www.quepublishing.com. Type the ISBN (excluding hyphens) or the title of a book in the Search field to find the page you’re looking for. 00 8699 fm/intro/assess 11/19/02 10:09 AM Page ix . 00 8699 fm/intro/assess 11/19/02 10:09 AM Page x [...]... is true for other Solaris certifications, including: ➤ Solaris 9 Network Administrator, which concentrates on the networking aspects but requires only one exam The Solaris 9 System Administrator certification is a prerequisite 00 8 699 fm/intro/assess 11/ 19/ 02 10: 09 AM Page xxxv ➤ Solaris 8 System Administrator, which is similar to the Solaris 9, but addresses the previous version of Solaris and requires... 291 Summary 291 Exam Prep Practice Questions 292 Need to Know More? 296 Chapter 13 Syslog and Auditing Utilities 297 Introduction 298 The syslog Facility 298 Source Facilities 298 Priority (Severity) Levels 299 Customizing System Message Handling Summary 303 Exam Prep Practice Questions 304 Need to Know More? 308 299 Chapter 14 Advanced Disk Management 3 09 Introduction 310 Virtual File Systems... Logging into a Solaris 9 System 82 Logging into a Remote Solaris 9 System 83 Failed Login Attempts 84 Logging Out of a Solaris 9 System 84 User Access and Administrative Information 85 00 8 699 fm/intro/assess 11/ 19/ 02 10: 09 AM Page xv Table.of Contents Identifying and Monitoring Users 85 File Permissions and Ownership 89 Standard File Permissions 90 Special... System Administrator for Solaris 9 Operating Environment, Part 1” and Exam 310-015, “Sun Certified System Administrator for Solaris 9 Operating Environment, Part 2” But before you tackle this self-assessment, let’s talk about the concerns you may face when pursuing a Solaris 9 System Administrator certification, and what an ideal candidate might look like Solaris 9 System Administrators in the Real... 6 File System Basics 125 Introduction 126 Basic File Systems 126 Default Solaris 9 File Systems 127 File and Directory Concepts 127 Types of Files 128 Types of Links 1 29 The Unix Directory Tree 1 29 Metacharacters 1 29 Directory Tree Navigation 130 Directories 132 Files 135 Solaris Pseudo-File Systems 138 Process File System (PROCFS) 1 39 Temporary File System (TMPFS) 140 Loopback File System (LOFS)... xxiii Self-Assessment xxxiv Chapter 1 Installing and Maintaining Solaris 9 1 Introduction 2 The Solaris 9 Distribution 2 Installing Solaris 9 3 Hardware Requirements 3 Installing Solaris 9 on a New System Using Web Start 4 Upgrading an Existing Solaris System 7 Preconfiguring System Configuration Information 9 Over-the-Network Installation 10 Software Package Administration 10 Package... Questions Chapter 19 Practice Exam 1 Answers 243 2 59 323 3 49 373 397 413 2 19 00 8 699 fm/intro/assess 11/ 19/ 02 10: 09 AM Page xii Chapter 20 Practice Exam 2 Questions Chapter 21 Practice Exam 2 Answers Appendix A What’s on the CD-ROM Appendix B Using the PrepLogic Practice Tests, Preview Edition Software 457 Glossary 465 Index 487 425 441 453 00 8 699 fm/intro/assess 11/ 19/ 02 10: 09 AM Page xiii Table... Software .457 Glossary 465 Index 487 00 8 699 fm/intro/assess 11/ 19/ 02 10: 09 AM Page xxiii Introduction Welcome to Solaris 9 System Administrator Exam Cram This book helps you get ready to take—and pass—the two exams required to obtain the Sun Certified System Administrator for Solaris 9 certification In this introduction, I talk about Sun’s... is the best teacher of all! 00 8 699 fm/intro/assess 11/ 19/ 02 10: 09 AM Page xxiv xxiv Introduction The Sun Certified System Administrator for Solaris 9 Certification The certification program currently includes two separate tests A brief description of each test follows: ➤ Sun Certified System Administrator for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment, Part I... 184 Solaris 9 Backup Up and Restore Capabilities 186 Logical Tape Device Names 187 The mt Command 188 The ufsdump and ufsrestore Commands 188 UFS Snapshots 191 Recovering the root or /usr File System 192 00 8 699 fm/intro/assess 11/ 19/ 02 10: 09 AM Page xvii xvii Table.of Contents Other Backup/Restore Utilities 192 The tar Command 192 The cpio Command 193 The . Indianapolis, Indiana 46 290 00 8 699 fm/intro/assess 11/ 19/ 02 10: 09 AM Page iii Taking You to the Solaris 9 System Administrator Finish Line! www.examcram.com Solaris 9 System Administrator Training. Solaris 9 System Administrator Darrell Ambro 00 8 699 fm/intro/assess 11/ 19/ 02 10: 09 AM Page i Solaris 9 System Administrator Exam Cram 2 Copyright © 2003. being a Sun Certified System Administrator for Solaris 2.6, Solaris 7, Solaris 8, and Solaris 9, Darrell is also a Sun Certified Network Administrator for Solaris 8 and Solaris 9, a Novell Certified