OUTCOMES upperinter answer key

1 f = a bit more modern 2 a = I’m not that keen on 3 c = I’ m not that keen on 4 e = It didn’t really do anything for me 5 d = I’ m not that keen on 6 b = I’m not really interested 7 h =

OUTCOMES Upper-Intermediate Answer Key

01 ENTERTAINMENT

pp 8-9

Grammar:

A:

Speaker 1: Do you go out much?

Speaker 2: Do you listen to music much?

Speaker 3: Do you do to the theatre much?

Speaker 4: Do you go swimming much?

Speaker 5: Do you watch TV much?

Speaker 6: Do you play sports much?

Speaker 7: Do you go to the cinema much?

Speaker 8: Do you play video games much?

1 f = a bit more modern

2 a = I’m not that keen on

3 c = I’ m not that keen on

4 e = It didn’t really do anything for me

5 d = I’ m not that keen on

6 b = I’m not really interested

7 h = a bit too poppy

8 g = a bit dull, a bit boring

Listening:

A:

Similar = they both like films, both like action films,

although different ones

different = second speaker goes to the cinema most

weeks, the first speaker waits for the DVD, first speaker

didn’t like Old Boy and the second speaker really liked it

B:

1 Speaker A: not that often, Speaker B: most weeks

2 Speaker A: all sorts, action films, Speaker B: action

films, comedies, foreign films, anything

3 Speaker A: Old Boy, Speaker B: Gold Diggers

4 Speaker A: over-the-top, disgusting, didn’t like the

plot, Speaker B: good but heavy, quite disturbing

pp.10-11 Vocabulary:

A: Suggested answers Statements 1, 6, 8, 9 C:

2 Mr & Mrs Clark and Percy (the cat)

3 David Hockney’s painting is loosely based on the one

by Jan van Eyck although the positions are reversed

4 The lilies represent female purity and the cat

symbolises infidelity and jealousy: Mr Clark had frequent affairs before and during their five-year marriage

5 Mr Clark fell into bankruptcy and addiction His life

ended tragically when he was murdered by an ex-lover

in 1996 Mrs Clark continued to be one of Hockney’s regular models for years

6 life-like, abstract, ambiguous, intimate Grammar:

B:

1 They are all based around just seven basic plots, each

featuring the same character types and events over and over again

2 There’s a community threatened by a monster and a

hero to save them The hero prepares to meet the monster and has help with a special weapon to defeat the monster But, when the hero meets the monster they realise it’s more of a challenge They fight, have problems and are trapped, however the hero makes an amazing escape Finally, the hero manages to kill the monster

3 Students’ own answers Reading Part 2:

02 SIGHTSEEING

pp 14-15

Vocabulary :

A:

meaning buildings areas both

positive stunning

1 renovating (need is followed by the -ing form of the

verb: it adds information to the previous clause)

New Belgrade: high-rise blocks, big up-and-coming area

as all the new businesses are relocating here

The River Sava: go out on little boats or have dinner by

the waterside

Mankova Kuca: Manak’s house: ethnological museum,

amazing collection of old national costumes, embroidery

and stuff

Kalemegdan Fortress: one of the most historic buildings

in Belgrade

The Victor monument: erected after the First World

War, one of the city’s most famous landmarks

Dedinje: affluent part of the city, celebrities and old

aristocratic families live here, embassies based here

Grammar:

A:

1 It contains the tomb of Stefan Dusan, who was

perhaps the greatest Serbian emperor

2 We’re coming up to Dedinje, which is one of the most

affluent parts of the city

3 Just behind us, over to the right, is the Arena, where all

the big concerts and sports events are held

(Note: where replaces there)

4 I went to school with a woman called Zora, whose son

plays professional football in England now

5 I started working in that office over there in 2003, by

which time the area was already starting to boom

(Note: by which time replaces even then)

6 We produce bathroom tiles, most of which we export

to northern Europe

Developing Conversations:

A:

Suggested Answers

1 Yeah, it’s really ugly / horrible, isn’t it?

2 Yeah, they’re great / wonderful / fantastic,

Aren’t they?

3 Yeah, it’s amazing / impressive / fantastic, isn’t it?

4 Yeah, it looks amazing / beautiful, doesn’t it?

5 Yeah, it’s pretty neglected, isn’t it?

6 Yeah, it seems like quite a rich / affluent area, doesn’t

it?

pp 16-17 Vocabulary:

1 F: Chiaki stayed with Nina from uni, there’s not enough

information to say they all studied together

2 T: prices really shoot up

3 F: my favourite costume is called the plague doctor

4 F: it takes place in the week leading up to Lent

5 T: people eat less

6 T: we ended up buying some ourselves and joined in

1 Speaker 4 (planning permission, we’re launching a

campaign to stop it)

2 Speaker 1 (a door opens and they plunge 20 metres)

3 Speaker 5 (I’m dreading some bits, I’m going to go to

the medieval show, I might just walk around the

grounds)

4 Speaker 6 (I’m gonna be sick, you shouldn’t have eaten

before, I’ll get you a tissue)

5 Speaker 3 (you’ve got to come with us next time,

describing what happens)

6 Speaker 2 (it’s boring, yawn, can’t we have a break,

1 we’re introducing = fixed future plan or arrangement

2 due to = something happening soon (formal)

3 I’ll really set = prediction based on opinion

4 shall =suggestion

5 you’ve got to = future obligation

6 it will worsen = prediction based on opinion

7 I’m going to go = intention

8 am going to be = prediction based on evidence

9 I’ll get you = decision made at the moment of speaking

C:

1 b is incorrect a & c express predictions based on

present evidence or situation In addition, a (will) sounds

more formal

2 c is incorrect a & b express future plans or decisions

3 a & c are incorrect b expresses a prediction based on

present evidence, but is different from example 1

because it can clearly be seen

4 c is incorrect a & b express a suggestion or offer

5 a & b are incorrect c expresses a future obligation

6 b is incorrect a & c express a condition based on a real

The office / study = Packing tape, blu-tac, drawing pin, a padlock, gaffer tape, safety pin

The kitchen = packing tape, safety pin, elasticated rope,a padlock, safety pin

Clothes = safety pin DIY = packing tape, a padlock, gaffer tape, safety pin, carabiner

First Aid = safety pin

Grammar:

A: 1 to 2 so 3 if

B:

Suggested Answers

a thread: You use it to sew a rip in your clothes If you

can’t remember something you could tie it round your finger

a nail: You use it to put up a picture If the sole of your

shoe is falling off, you could use it to repair it

a bandage: You use it to cover a cut or burn on your arm

or leg You could use it to tie a parcel

a lighter: you use it to light a cigarette, candle or gas

oven You could use it to burn a loose thread

on your shirt

a bucket: You put water in it to clean the floor You

could use it as a seat for a young child

Developing Conversations:

A:

Conversation 1 = blu-tac Conversation 2 = carabiner

pp 22-23

A: Suggested Answers

When did you start collecting (wine bottles)?

How and why did you start collecting them?

How many do you have?

Where do you keep them?

What do your friends think about your collection?

Do you have things from different countries or places?

Reading:

A:

1 All kinds of things: vacuum cleaners, old doors,

windows, records, newspapers, children’s toys

2 There’s a bit of Mr Trebus in all of us The writer also

collects things that are no longer useful

3 Mr Trebus: that they were useful, The writer:

instructions and guarantees in case things break down,

coins because they might be useful

4 Student’s own opinion

B:

1 His house became a health hazard

2 he was a veteran of the Second World War

3 he was a tank commander

4 The trauma of what he lost when he left Poland caused

his obsession

5 He settled in Britain after the war

6 He sorted the junk into piles of similar things

7 He acquired every record Elvis Presley had ever made

8 The neighbours complained about infestations of rats

9 He resisted eviction

Vocabulary:

A: Suffixes that do not form nouns = adjectives:

-al, -less, -ious, -y; verbs: ise

Obsessive = both, They keep and collect a lot of old and

what most people think are not very useful things

Well-intentioned = the writer has a number of batteries

in his drawer he has been meaning to take to the

recycling centre

Pessimistic = the writer has a number of instructions and

guarantees for things in case they break down

Optimistic = Mr Trebus has resisted eviction

Cautious = both, they keep things because one day they

might be useful

Mean = Mr Trebus is mean because the rats are

annoying his neighbours and his wife

pp 24-25 Listening:

A:

1 a tie, it’s not him (not his style)

2 not very successful because he doesn’t have a receipt

B:

1 F it was a birthday present

2 F it was bought a couple of weeks ago

3 T it’s not very me

4 F he doesn’t have a receipt

5 F he doesn’t have a clue (doesn’t know)

6 T try not to get upset, sir

7 F it cost £90

D:

1 & 3 student’s own opinion

2 Ending 1: resigned, Ending 2: frustrated

Grammar:

A:

How did your girlfriend pay for it?

Was it by cheque or credit card?

B:

1 Do you happen to know how long the guarantee lasts?

2 Do you know where the toilets are?

3 Excuse me Do you know if you sell wire?

4 Hello I was wondering if I could speak to the

manager?

5 Would you happen to know when the sofa will be

delivered?

6 Sorry to bother you, but do you think you could bring

me the next size up?

C: a 3 b 1 c 2 d 6 e 5 f 4 Vocabulary:

04 SOCIETY

pp 26-27

Vocabulary :

A:

1 make a difference = have a good effect on something

2 non-existent = if something is non-existent, it doesn’t

exist at all

3 recession = if there is a recession, there is less

business activity in a country, so people make less

money and some people lose their jobs

4 soft = to describe someone not strict enough

5 gone bankrupt = if a company is bankrupt, it can't pay

all its debts and so cannot continue to exist

6 booming = the economy is booming, it is growing

quickly and is very successful

7 shortages = not enough of something

8 shot up = increases very quickly

9 boost = to boost something means to improve it or

increase it, standing = your reputation, based on what

other people think of you

10 undermining = to weaken or make it less effective

11 to make ends meet = you just manage to buy

everything that you need to live, even though you have

very little money

Listening:

A: Suggested answers

The first speaker’s country sounds better as they have

done some controversial things, but the economy and

job prospects are booming, easy for foreigners to get

A: 1 so 2 such 3 don’t have to

B: 1 so 2 so 3 such 4 such 5 so 6 such

C:

Suggested answers

1 they have employed a consultant to promote their

image

2 it’s getting more difficult to find affordable food

3 they are too tired to enjoy themselves

4 they couldn’t prosecute

5 people had to wear masks when they went outside

6 he was forced to resign

Developing Comversations:

A: 1 b 2 d 3 a 4 e 5 f 6 c

B: Suggested answers

1 I know what you mean, I can hardly make it to the end

of the month these days

2 I know, and it’s harder to find work when you are

older

3 Well, maybe, but I like the energy it gives me

4 Tell me about it, I don’t go out at all after dark

5 Well, maybe, but the new shopping centre should

bring more tourists

6 I know what you mean, but if you know how to work

the system it’s OK

C: Suggested answers

1 I know, what can we do about it though?

2 Well, maybe, but there are a lot of low cost airlines

opening routes soon

3 I know what you mean, but not everyone is the same

4 I know, they are even trying to negotiate with them

5 Well, maybe, but it takes a long time to make a

difference

6 I know what you mean, but there is an election soon

pp 28-29 Listening 1:

speaker 5 b D:

1 launch a new initiative (speaker 1)

2 win her case (speaker 2)

3 be denied promotion (speaker 2)

4 conduct investigations, (speaker 3)

5 suffer several broken bones (speaker 3)

6 claim victory (speaker 4)

7 uphold a claim (speaker 4)

8 become a grandmother (speaker 5)

Listening 2:

A:

1 gender discrimination at work (speaker 2 from the news extracts)

2 typical double standards

3 having children and a career

B: 1, 5, and 9 were used C:

extract 1 sentences 4, 6, 7 and 8 extract 2 sentences 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 extract 3 = sentences 10, 11 and 12 extract 4 = sentences 2 and 3 extract 5 = sentences 1 and 7

Farming: crop yields, seeds, soil

Underdeveloped countries: scarce resources, poverty,

deprived

Aid: donors, measures, project

C:

He is concerned about: poverty and hunger, global

warming, AIDS and malaria pandemics

His solutions are: provide every child in poverty with

an anti-mosquito net, free school meals, supplying

fertilizers, access to family planning, basic health care

and clean water supplies

Grammar:

A:

1 higher the , greater

2 more secure , fewer

3 longer , greater , larger

1 You might sing along with a catchy song or have it in

your head all day

2 An ordeal is a bad thing to go through

3 You might seek help, assistance, information, etc

4 You might need a disguise if you want to hide your

identity

5 If you fulfil an ambition or dream, you achieve it

6 You might steer clear of an area, if it’s dangerous or

rough, or a person if you don’t want to talk to them

7 The opposite of a stunning building is a hideous

building

8 You could launch a new product, a rocket, an

advertising campaign, etc

9 You acquire things by buying them, being given

them or by collecting them

10 If you settle in a town or a city, you get a job, a

house and maybe start a family

11 Things that use or contain wire could be = a coat

hanger, an electric cable, a mobile phone aerial

12 A film, book or performance can leave you cold

13 (Answer depends on where you are.)

14 You can use glue, a nail or a screw to join together

bits of wood

15 A politician might use an advertising campaign, a new law or an appearance at a local festival to boost their standing

Listening:

A: 1 d 2 c 3 f 4 e 5 b B: 1 b 2 f 3 c 4 a 5 d Grammar:

1 They’re bound to win

2 It’s so messy I can’t find anything in here

3 I’m dreading making the speech

4 It might possibly rain this afternoon

5 She only helps out once in a while

6 I don’t tend to / tend not to go out on Friday nights

C:

1 We’re thinking of buying

2 I always carry a pen to write

3 They’re such welcoming people

4 There were lots of rides, most of them

05 SPORTS AND INTERESTS

pp 36-37

Listening :

A:

1 Conversation 1: belly dancing; Conversation 2: a

fencing workshop; Conversation 3: knitting group

2 Conversation 1: this will be her first class,

Conversation 2 she started at school, Conversation 3

for about six months

3 Conversation 1: she saw an advertisement;

Conversation 2: she tried it at her PE (physical

education) class at school; Conversation 3: When he

was giving up smoking

4 Conversation 1: maybe, he’d feel a bit

self-conscious; Conversation 2: no, just the thought of

doing that kind of exercise makes him sweat,

Conversation 3: Yes, at first he thinks it’s a bit boring,

but then changes his mind when he finds out a lot of

3 You went where?

4 She’s into what?

5 You didn’t get up till when?

pp 38-39

Vocabulary:

A:

Suggested answers

1 sent off = any sport involving a ball

2 goalkeeper = hockey, ice hockey, water polo

3 fouled = most sports involving a ball, Note: not

tennis

4 post and bar = most sports involving a ball and two

teams

5 dived = all sports involving a ball

6 thrashed = all sports

7 close = all sports

8 tackled = most sports involving a ball and two teams

9 greedy = most sports involving a ball and two teams

10 substituted = most sports involving a ball and two

teams

11 got promoted = most sports involving a ball and

two teams

12 sacked the manager = all sports

13 fixed = all sports, disallowed = all sports Used about non-sporting things:

7 close = short distance or time away, shave, friends

8 tackled = deal with a difficult problem,

9 greedy = eat or drink more than you need, want

more money, things or power than you need

10 substituted = use something new or different

instead of what it’s normally used for,

11 promoted = given more responsibility at work

12 sacked the manager = at work

13 fixed = any result in a competition

4 no – in the third paragraph: Obviously, these are not

necessarily bad – especially reading

5 no – in the third paragraph: Playing sports helps to

build relationships

6 yes – in the fourth paragraph: So making sport

7 no – in the fourth paragraph: I’m reminded of a

scene in a film

8 no – in the last paragraph: No-one looks aback at

their life and says

9 yes – in the last paragraph: No, what we

B:

1 should’ve saved

2 shouldn’t have been disallowed

3 should’ve stuck to

4 should’ve been sent off

5 shouldn’t be, should’ve passed

6 should’ve thrashed, shouldn’t have bought

D:

Possible answers

1 The person has just been told they are overweight

2 The person feels sick

3 The person is tired and can’t concentrate

4 The person tackled an opponent fairly

5 The person didn’t hit an opponent, she was pushed

by the opponent

6 The people are not happy with the restaurant they

went to because of the bad service

2 F: Molly and Kyle were exhausted after an hour

3 F: he went practically every weekend

4 T: not exactly, he tried it once more after that but

since then, no

5 T: he’s been doing it for the last few years

6 T: he lives on the coast

7 F: he rubs it into his skin and hair, it gets rid of

1 activity repeated over time (all morning)

2 & 3 intention that is still going on now

4 feeling that is still going on now

5, 6 & 8 express actions completed before now which

have a present result

8 hear is a verb which is hardly ever used in the –ing

form

06 ACCOMODATION

pp.42-43 Vocabulary : A:

1 It’s in the middle of nowhere, could have stunning

views, the weather is terrible and the sea is rough

2 People are camping in tents, the campsite is flooded

and everything has got filthy

3 The place is a bit of a dump

4 A posh hotel that looks welcoming

Listening:

A:

Conversation 1 1: They camped on the festival site and then in a flat

of some people they met at the festival

2: some local people put them up for a couple of

nights

3: absolutely poured down, whole place was flooded

and they got completely soaked – tent, sleeping bags, everything covered in mud

Conversation 2 1: They stayed in a hotel 2: stayed in an amazing place on the south coast –

right on top of the cliffs, overlooking the ocean, stunning sunset, hardly anyone there, nice just chilling out, drinking tea and chatting to other people,

3: the hotel was a bit cut-off, the minibus only went in

the morning and in the evening

Grammar:

A:

1 It was a bit of a nightmare

2 We got really / completely soaked

3 It was quite nice

4 correct

5 correct

6 There were hardly any people there

B:

1 a bit of a (+ noun phrase)

2 hardly (+ verb phrase)

3 absolutely (+ strong adjective)

4 a bit (+ adjective or noun)

5 very (+ adjective)

conversation 1 = statements a & d

conversation 2 = statements c & g

conversation 3 = statements b & f

conversation 4 = statements e & h

Grammar:

B:

1 your foot, your arm, or any other part of the body

2 the picture, the photograph, the painting

3 my coat, or any other item of clothing, my carpet

4 her tattoo / old car / mole, birthmark

5 bag, money, passport, wallet or purse, bicycle, car

6 my car, my roof, my central heating, my television

2 through rose-coloured glasses

3 having a whale of a time

4 in small doses

5 make ends meet

6 cost an arm and a leg

7 taking the mickey out of

8 finding my feet

pp.46-47

Reading :

C:

Ben is finding the work very busy and at a fast pace

He finds the people and the TVs very noisy Generally,

he has a lot of frustrations and is thinking of leaving

E:

1 He decides to travel around China and is getting

more used to the life and culture He finds people more in touch with their culture than in Britain, where they watch reality TV and have no interest in their culture

2 His home-life is easier and he has a maid The food is

amazing He’s got married and has a son

3 He probably became so busy at work and in his

personal life that he had no time to keep in touch

4 He seems open to the new experience and his

attitudes have changed He seems happy with his life

5 Student’s own opinion

F:

1 gaze out of the window

2 get over my jet lag

3 get down to work

4 go very smoothly

5 honk their horns

6 sort out my flat

7 take pride in what they do

8 email me Listening:

B:

1 It happens not only in a new country but also other

kinds of new environments = moving house, changing jobs or going to university

2 It is a process which may take several months and

even years to get over

3 Elation, resistance, transformation, integration

4 elation = the joy and wonder, where everything is so

new and different, resistance = when things settle into

a routine and you start to see everything which is bad

in your new situation, transformation = where you

swing more to the other extreme and start looking down on your previous existence and its culture

integration = where cultural differences are

acknowledged and accepted

5 It can lead to unhappiness and feelings of

frustration

C:

1 first email, first paragraph = It’s been with my

mouth hanging open…

2 first email, first paragraph = am slowly finding my

feet

3 second email, last paragraph and third email first

paragraph = he talks about leaving and then decides

7 third email, first paragraph = back home people just

aren’t interested anymore,

Suggested answers

Sentence 2: it’s lifted = the fog has gone away

sentence 5: soaked = get very wet

sentence 6: melted = snow or ice turns to water

sentence 8: eased off = not as severe, spitting = very

light rain, pouring = very heavy rain

sentence 9: knock off = cause you to fall off

sentence 10: slight breeze = very light wind

Listening:

A:

1 Italy (Rome) and Israel (Acre)

2 The first speaker experienced a storm with

enormous

hailstones then they saw lightning The second

speaker also experienced a storm However, it started

with lightning, then thunder, then it started spitting

before it poured down

3 The first speaker thought it was amazing but was

also scared, the second speaker thought it was

spectacular, the first speaker pulled over and waited,

the second speaker ran to the nearest café

Grammar:

A:

Suggested answers

Form = past simple = regular verbs add ‘ed’ irregular

verbs vary, past continuous = was / were + subject +

verb-ing, past perfect = had + past particple regular +

ed or irregular

Used = past simple = completed action in the past,

past continuous = action in progress in the past, past

perfect = a time frame leading to another in the past

1 we got really / pretty / fairly / a bit / quite wet

2 it hasn’t rained for a long time

3 she’s a bit bigger than me

4 it was pretty / fairly / quite deep

5 she speaks quite a few languages

6 it was miserable the whole time we were there

7 we were pretty / fairly / a bit / quite chilly

8 it was fairly / pretty / quite / really / a bit foggy

9 it’s really / very good

pp.50-51 Reading : A:

Wages are soaring + subsidies = the government or

other organisation are helping companies cope with the cost of paying salaries

A will is being contested + her rightful inheritance = a

story about a woman who is due to get a lot of money but someone in the family doesn’t want her to get it

Try them for a dare + maggots = a story about how

people’s eating habits are changing and persuading people not to each too much meat

Suggested answers

Flowers = rose, tulip, daffodil, crocus, carnation,

gardenia, iris, orchid, sunflower, snowdrop

Herbs = basil, rosemary, thyme, chives, coriander,

parsley, dill, mint, sage, vanilla

Trees = oak, palm, willow, elm, fir, maple, pine,

poplar, cypress, cedar

1 They’re really difficult to get rid of = ‘they’ refers to

some weeds that were invasive

2 It shot out of the bushes = ‘it’ refers to a fox

(sentence 10 in exercise A Vocabulary plants and

trees)

3 We waited till it all blew over = ‘it’ refers to the

storm (first speaker in the first listening in the unit)

4 It’s beginning to ease off = ‘it’ refers to the rain

(sentence 8 in exercise C Vocabulary Weather and

natural disasters)

5 We're brought up doing it = ‘It’ refers to picking

mushrooms (fourth speaker in previous listening)

6 My gran swears by it = ‘it’ refers to fennel tea (fifth

speaker in previous listening)

7 It almost knocked me off my bike = ‘it’ refers to the

wind (sentence 9 in exercise C Vocabulary Weather

and natural disasters)

8 Were you affected by it? ‘it’ refers to natural

disasters in Vocabulary Weather and natural disasters

9 The company has pulled out of it = ‘it’ refers to a

project (reading in File 9)

10 Experiments are being carried out on them =

‘them’ refers to animals (reading in File 9)

08 LAW AND ORDER

pp.54-55 Vocabulary : A: speeding, riot, burglary, kidnapping C:

1 gone, got hold of

2 caught, doing

3 found, stabbed

4 came back, vanished

5 smashed, set

6 broken into, stolen

7 came up to, grabbed

Conversation 1 crime: a street robbery, victim: the girl

in the conversation, criminal: some lads

Conversation 2 crime: a murder, victim: a schoolgirl,

criminal: they don’t know

Conversation 3 crime: a kidnapping, victim: an

ex-girlfriend, criminal: some guy

B:

Conversation 1 = the woman was sitting in a café

when these lads came up to her with a map asking for directions, she said she didn’t understand and they left Then she realised they must have grabbed her bag Fortunately it didn’t have much in it, her purse was in her pocket She didn’t let the experience spoil her

holiday

Conversation 2 = the second man is reading a

newspaper article about a schoolgirl who was stabbed outside her school Apparently she might’ve been involved in a gang, no-one appears to have seen anything

Conversation 3 = a man was arrested for holding his

ex-girlfriend captive He seized her in a pub, drove her home and forced her to do his ironing

Suggested answers Conversation 1: It could be seen that the victim

brought it upon herself, she was in a new city and should have paid more attention to her bag

Conversation 2: the victim didn’t bring it upon herself,

she was just doing what she does every day and was attacked for no apparent reason

Conversation 3: the victim didn’t bring it upon herself,

she was just the victim of a bad person

Developing Conversations:

A:

2 That must’ve been awful! Were you OK?

3 Oh no! Did they take anything very valuable?

4 That’s dreadful! What were the parents thinking?

5 What a shame! Were you insured?

6 That’s terrible? Did you report it to the police?

7 You’re joking! Do they know who did it?

8 It’s awful! What must his family be going through?

1 a prisoner doing hard physical labour

2 a prisoner in solitary confinement

3 a prisoner doing community service

4 prisoners dancing

B:

1 Picture 4

2 dancing to Michael Jackson’s Thriller as an

experimental approach to physical fitness

3 It is claimed it has dramatically improved discipline

in the prison

C:

Suggested answers

Picture 1 advantages: helps team building, can make

the prisoner feel sorry for what they did,

disadvantages: prisoners can escape, not very

humane

Picture 2 advantages: punishes the prisoner for bad

behaviour, gives them time to think about what they

did, disadvantages: very small space and prisoner

could be claustrophobic, not very humane

Picture 3 advantages: it is more beneficial to society,

can help prisoner think of their role in society,

disadvantages: people think this is an easy option and

doesn’t punish the criminal, people may feel

threatened

Picture 4 advantages: helps team building, makes the

prisoners feel they are doing something to help

society, disadvantages: gives the prisoners an easy

time when they should be punished, shows society

that prison could be fun

D:

Doreen = she thinks prisoners have an easy time, says

it’s like a holiday camp, Nigel = he thinks they have a

hard time, prison is hard

Gary = agrees more with Nigel

E:

1 Gary (G), Doreen (D) and Nigel (N) all agree

2 D disagrees, G & N don’t say anything

3 G doesn’t say anything, D agrees, N disagrees

4 G & N don’t say anything, D agrees

5 G & N agree, D disagrees

6 G & D agree, N disagrees

7 G & N agree, D doesn’t say anything

8 G & N agree, D doesn’t say anything

9 N agrees, G & D don’t say anything

Vocabulary:

A:

Agreeing: That’s not a bad idea, I couldn’t agree more,

I know what you mean Disagreeing: I can’t say I’m with you on that one, I’d just like to say that – with all due respect

pp.58-59 Reading : A: 1 c 2 f 3 a 4 h 5 d 6 g 7 e 8 b D:

1 a simple question about what time he might be

home from a party

2 to show her son that her behaviour is actually

reasonable, this has no effect on her son

3 being an evil dictator, she might as well begin acting

like one

4 stealing the small change from her bedside table,

put up with his emotional blackmail, being told he wishes he’d never been born

5 she promised (vowed) never to subject him to the

strict discipline her parents subjected her to

6 to drag any of his girlfriends into the living room and

show them pictures of him as a child

7 student’s own opinion E:

1 gets away with

2 put up with

3 change

4 storming

5 turn

02 REVIEW

pp.60-63

Quiz :

1 A footballer might get sent off because he hit an

opponent, he insulted the referee, etc

2 If you take the mickey out of someone, you make

fun of them in a friendly way

3 You might put off doing something because you

don’t really want to do it, like doing your homework,

going to the dentist, etc

4 Friendly staff, a comfortable atmosphere, etc make

a place welcoming

5 You suffer from jetlag when you travel by plane

from one time zone to another, you can get over it by

adjusting your sleep pattern to the new time zone a

couple of days before you leave, or by staying awake

in the new time zone until it’s time to go to sleep

there

6 Herbal tea, warm milk, etc can help settle your

stomach The problem might be that you feel nervous

or anxious about something

7 Someone might storm out of a room or meeting

because they are angry or upset

8 Bribery is when you offer money or something

valuable in order to get someone to do something for

you; blackmail is when you threaten to do something

unpleasant or reveal a secret unless they give you

money

9 If a child vanishes, they disappear; money, a car, a

stain, etc can all vanish

10 People often have to put up with transport being

late, a colleague at work, noisy neighbours

11 Fog is a thick cloud that makes it difficult to see all

around; mist usually happens in the morning and is

close to the ground

12 Finding it more difficult to walk, greying hair,

eyesight gets worse, etc are things you associate with

ageing

13 People often moan about the weather, the price of

things, public transport, etc

14 You can chill out by reading a book, sitting on the

beach and listening to the waves, chatting with

friends, listening to music, etc

15 You might stay in a self-catering apartment

because you want some privacy, it’s easier to do what

you want to do or it’s cheaper than a hotel

1 I had my passport stolen while I was on holiday

2 She mustn’t have heard you – she wouldn’t ignore you

3 They might be waiting outside

4 Advertising aimed at children should be banned

5 you were talking to?

6 I’m interested in at all

7 nowadays, to do voluntary work

8 overwhelming, to visit / visiting India

09 CAREERS AND STUDYING

pp.64-65

Vocabulary :

A:

Suggested answers

1 got promoted = good thing because it makes you

feel rewarded, cause = your boss recognised your

hard work, result = you have a higher salary and

status,

2 handed in my notice = good thing because you

took control of a situation, cause = you didn’t like

the work and felt under-valued, result = you feel

ready for a new beginning

3 got a raise = good thing because it means more

money, cause = you did something valuable for the

company or you got another qualification, result =

you have more money to spend

4 getting-on-the-job training = good thing because

it will help you to do your job better, cause = the

company has introduced a new system, result =

you’ll become efficient at what you do

5 got made redundant = bad thing because you don’t

have a job now, cause = the company reorganised

and moved the department to another city or

country, result = you have to look for another job /

you are unemployed

6 getting the hang of things = good thing because

it means you are learning, cause = something was

difficult or complicated, result = you are getting

better at doing it

7 struggling to cope = bad thing because there’s a lot

to do, result = you feel under pressure

8 a complete control freak = bad because you have

no freedom, result = you can’t take responsibility

9 finding it rewarding = good thing because you feel

you are valued, result = you enjoy your work

10 stimulating, stretching myself = good thing

because it’s using all your abilities, result = feel

good about yourself

11 really emotionally draining = bad thing because

It’s not allowing you to be yourself, result = you

feel frustrated

12 pretty menial = bad because it’s boring, result =

you don’t feel you are using your abilities

Listening:

A:

1 He isn’t very satisfied because it’s so menial

2 He spends most of his time running round making

cups of tea and photocopying things

3 He can’t see himself staying there long-term

4 He’s bound to get a lot of offers if he decides to

move

B:

training = Melissa has been getting loads of

on-the-job training

college = they’ve been letting her go to college one

day a week to improve her skills

clients = she’s been meeting them quite a bit presentation = she gave her first big presentation last

week

business trip = her first one is coming up next week promotion = she’s applying for promotion at the

moment and she feels confident about it

employee = Richard says she’s their star employee firm = she’ll be running the entire firm in five years’

C:

1 newspapers want deliveries to take place in the

morning, more adults – particularly retired people – are grabbing the opportunity to earn extra money, the economic boom of the early noughties where families can afford to buy things for the kids, so the kids settle for the comfort of the sofa and Playstation rather than take to the streets to earn money

2 He thinks too many young people these days enter a

competitive job market lacking basic business skills you can get from being a carrier – responsibility, how

to manage time and communicate with people

Reading:

B:

1 Eduardo = By the time I got home, I was dead and

slept till one…

2 Eduardo = I started work at two in the afternoon

and then worked solidly through til’ five in the

morning

3 Carla = For sure, people associate the army with war

4 Jock = I went part-time

5 Simon = I’m very conscious of being fair to staff at all

levels

6 Carla = we get training for things like logistics

7 Simon = I was pushed around a bit

8 Eduardo = It sounded ideal…Big mistake!

9 Jock = I’m not sure I’d have got through it (cancer) if

I hadn’t been working

10 Eduardo = my boss was a complete control freak

11 Carla = women are often better than men in these

roles

12 Jock = I walk down a road that was named after me

13 Simon = I’m a manager myself now

14 Eun Suk = I need the money to help them (my

parents) out while I’m studying

C:

carrying trays, set foot, straight out of college, had

cancer, had the choice, joined the army, see the

practical benefits, achieve a high rank, serves as a

valuable lesson, suck up to the boss

Grammar:

A:

1 work, won’t be = real situation in the present with a

future consequence

2 I’d have got through, hadn’t been working = unreal

consequence in the past with a past situation

3 gets, are wearing = real situation in the present with

a present consequence

4 wouldn’t do, had = present consequence of an

unlikely situation in the present

5 wasn’t, would never have gone = present

consequence of an unreal situation in the past

6 hadn’t got, might’ve left = past situation with an

unreal consequence in the past

C:

2 If she works hard she might get promoted quickly

3 If he went back to college, he could learn a new skill

4 I’ll help you with the lessons, if you take me out for

dinner once a week

5 If she hadn’t gone on holiday, she wouldn’t have

met the love of her life

pp.68-69 Listening:

D:

1 T = it’s starting to have a knock-on (indirect effect of

something) effect elsewhere

2 F = supposedly being forced to wear earplugs

3 T = based simply on the number of hours you’d done

4 T = there will also be greater emphasis placed

on project work, practical experiments, research, presentations and so on

5 F = they are getting rid of (stop / abolish) four- or

fiveyear degrees and adopting the British and Irish system of three-year degrees

6 T = allowing universities to have much greater

autonomy

7 T = in Greece there have been massive

demonstrations, sit-ins (demonstration where protesters literally sit on the ground) and riots and

France has seen general strikes (the whole country goes on strike)

8 F = the UK is worried that it will now lose its appeal,

as it is no longer the only country to offer shorter degree courses

Vocabulary:

A:

1 a take, b tell, c talk, d summarise

2 e giving, f reviewing, g commenting, h outlining

3 i focus, j consider, k make, l highlight B: 1 a, g, k 2 b, e, I 3 c, h, j 4 d, f, l

10 SOCIALISING

pp.70-71 Listening : A:

1 they will have finished their exams

2 Equinox = it’s a big disco on the main square in

town, one girl really likes it but another doesn’t like

it, says she can’t stand the music and it’s full of horrible guys, Rico’s = a restaurant, it’s a bit of a rip-off, spent something like 60 euros last time,

Guanabara = Brazilian place near the station, restaurant and they do salsa after 10 o’clock

Grammar:

A:

1 will have been

2 will, have forgotten

3 will have tried

4 will have learnt

5 will have left

6 will have graduated

7 won’t have finished

result= she slapped him

2 problem = the writer was moaning (complaining)

about his tutor to a friend, result = the friend

introduced him to Tracy Gray who must a be a relative

of his tutor Dr Gray and was standing close to them

3 problem= Gerald Ratner joked about the cheap

quality of his products at a meeting, result = his

customers didn’t see the funny side of it, the share

prices crashed and he had to resign

4 problem = Richard Gere kissed the Indian actress on

the cheek, result = he was threatened with arrest

because public displays of affection are frowned upon

(not accepted)

5 problem = Paul Keating put his arm around the

back of the Queen when introducing her, result = it

caused outrage in some British newspapers

C:

1 put your foot in it = say or do the wrong thing and

this upsets someone

2 He was a victim of globalised 24-hour news

coverage, he was at a semi-private meeting and a

journalist happened to be there

3 These days people in the public eye have to be very

careful with what they say or do – they both made

comments that were reported and lost them money

or their jobs

4 he quite often puts his foot in it – if he were famous,

it could undermine relationships between countries

and even destroy business deals and careers

1 conversation 3 (the speaker was boring)

2 conversation 1 (the aubergine dip = thick cold sauce

for putting on pieces of food before eating them)

3 conversation 3 (there was no air-conditioning)

4 conversation 5 ( his team, West Ham, are not doing

well at the moment)

5 conversation 1 (aubergines, you can cook them in

many different ways)

6 conversation 2 (the girl at the party)

7 conversation 4 (her height)

8 conversation 2 (the flatmate who brought her to the

The questions tag uses the auxiliary verb: sentence 1 =

don’t they? or the main verb = sentence 2 = wasn’t it? sentence 3 = was he? and sentence 4 = could you?

B:

1 Miserable weather, isn’t it? It’s been like this for

weeks, hasn’t it?

2 You don’t remember me, do you? It’s Yuka, isn’t it?

3 You haven’t got a light, have you? You couldn’t lend

me a euro, could you?

4 You missed class on Monday, didn’t you? The school

was closed for the holiday, wasn’t it? Well, to be honest the whole course is dissapointing, isn’t it?

5 It’s from Zara, isn’t it? You wouldn’t happen to

know the address, would you? You know where the McDonalds is, don’t you?

Vocabulary:

A:

set up a marquee = to erect a big tent for a party,

a fortune = a lot of money, chat me up = to start a

conversation because you want a romantic relationship,

get lost = strong way of telling someone to go away, the

host = the person who invites you to their party,

dragged me along = to take someone with you

unwillingly, fancied = was attracted to someone, break

it up = stop it, out of hand = out of control, left out =

not included, threw a party = gave a party, burst into

tears = suddenly start crying, turned up = arrive

unexpectedly, went to waste = wasn’t used and had to

hatchback = car that has an extra door

at the back that opens from the bottom

large estate car = long car with an extra door at the

back and a lot of space between the back seats

4 X 4 or SUV = sport utility vehicle

van = used for transporting merchandise

camper van = has space to sleep

Listening 1:

C:

1 You can upgrade to the next range for just €2 a day

2 No, because they don’t have much luggage and they

want something smaller, more fuel efficient

3 GPS

4 Yes, it’s quite cheap

5 They don’t need to return it with a full tank and it’s

diesel, they should check the car as well as there are

some scratches = the paint has a mark on it, dent = a

part of the car has been banged inwards

2 he’s not very happy, it will take at least four hours

before someone can come to fix it

Developing Conversations:

A:

1 €100! You must be joking

2 $875! Are you sure that’s the cheapest?

3 Five in the morning! We won’t get any sleep then,

4 1,500! Would you accept 1,200?

5 An hour or two! I think I should take a taxi,

6 An hour late! That’s ridiculous

pp.78-79 Reading : A:

Moscow–Beijing: good things = beautiful scenery,

explore the country, problems = train could breakdown, temperature change

Drive across the USA: good = stop whenever you want,

explore the country and changing scenery, problems = have a flat tyre in the middle of nowhere, bad weather conditions

Santiago walk: good = meet interesting people, in touch

with nature, problems = get sore feet, get tired very

easily

B:

Artur 1 He heard the song Route 66 when he was

younger and it represented a dream vision of America,

something he’d always wanted to do 2 good = they

ended up better friends, bad = the road was in bad repair, they got lost a few times, they had the occasional row

John 1 he decided to spend his redundancy money

travelling overland to watch Team GB (Great Britain)

compete in the Olympics 2 good = he met some

remarkable people, he saw some breathtaking scenery, bad = it got uncomfortable and he lost his sense of time, the other passengers encouraged him to drink with them

Roisin 1 Her mother had just died and she was experiencing a crisis of faith 2 good = met many

wonderful pilgrims, brought her closer to God, bad = ended up with holes in her boots and got terrible blisters

1 You might drive in the middle lane on the motorway

because you want to overtake another vehicle

2 you want to tell another driver they have their lights

on in the daytime

3 the car in front is going too slow

4 you have parked the car on a hill

5 you are about to move turn right or left

6 You have had an accident

7 the car in front braked suddenly

8 you were caught speeding by the police

9 you are on the motorway

10 an animal runs onto the road

3 It was terrifying, There were six lanes and everyone

was swerving in and out of the lanes, she got cut up

(another car drives into your lane suddenly) a couple

of times and had to brake, but then she got beeped at

(sound the horn on the car)

4 You take your life in your hands driving there, people

go so fast, but really close behind you and they don’t

use their brakes they just flash their lights, people

ignore stop signs, shoot through red lights

B: 1 F 2 F 3 T 4 F 5 T 6 T 7 F 8F

Grammar:

B:

1 The thing that’s really infuriating, though, is that

it happened while I’d gone to look for change for

the machine

2 What annoys me is the fact that people who are

essentially honest are being criminalised for these

little things

3 The thing that amazed me when I first came here was

the fact that people actually stopped for pedestrians at

crossings

C:

1 that we aren't doing enough about global warming

2 that we don’t know our neighbours

3 the way he never listens to what I say

4 the way people really helped me when I couldn’t

understand

5 when you introduce someone and you can't

remember their name

6 the number of tourists in the summer

12 HEALTH AND MEDICINE

pp.82-83 Speaking : A:

1 a pregnant woman

2 a drunk man with a big bump on his head

3 a woman who’s been in a car accident, she’s on

crutches and has a black eye, scratches and bruises on her arm and a broken leg

4 an old man in a wheelchair with an oxygen mask

5 young, muscled-up guy holding his lower back in pain

– probably a slipped disc

6 a man holding his stomach and looking very ill

7 a mother with a daughter who’s having some allergic

reaction – her face is swollen

8 a middle-aged woman with terrible flu Vocabulary:

1 eczema = it’s very itchy and makes you want to

scratch it The doctor can give you steroid cream It’s believed to be caused by stress and can start in childhood

2 an allergy = some people are allergic to nuts and

their skin can swell up or they get a rash, other people sneeze a lot or have to throw up

3 the flu = it’s usually an infection when you get a

fever and a sore throat, your muscles are stiff and some people get an earache

4 stress = affects people in different ways, some get

insomnia, or high blood pressure, others have dizzy spells and sometimes faint

5 an accident = you can have scratches, bumps and

bruises and if you cut yourself you might need stitches or bandages to stop the infection

6 a broken leg = you might have an operation and

have pins put in to keep the bone together The pin

is then removed; your leg could be in plaster and you’ll need crutches to help you walk

7 a cold = you have a runny nose, sore throat and

a cough, some people believe the best remedy is herbal

8 asthma = you often are short of breath and have a

tight chest, especially when in contact with smoke and fumes, you need to carry an inhaler with you all the time

9 upset stomach = usually caused by a bug and you

have to throw up and have diarrhoea and feel rough (a very informal way to say you don’t feel well)