Quality analysis of cau river surface water, on section that flows through thai nguyen

i THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULURAL AND FOSTRY VU MINH DUC TOPIC TILTE : Quality analysis of Cau river surface water, on section that flows through Thai Nguyen BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode: Full – time Major : Environment Science & Management Faculty: International Programs Office Batch: 2015-2019 Thai Nguyen, 06/08/2019 ii DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management Student name Vu Minh Duc Student ID DTN1553110012 Thesis Title Water quality of Cau River Nguyen Thi Ha, Assoc Prof Supervisor (s) Abstract: In this report we perform analysis and evaluation of the water quality of the bridge in index Then compare and evaluate with the National technical regulation on surface water quality number 08: 2008 to draw conclusions In Center of Natural Resources and Environment Monitoring – Thai Nguyen, I have been instructed and practice analyzing the water samples and measuring indicators but to easily compare and make conclusions, I used figures from the years 2017 and 2018 in this report In conclusion * According to the monitoring location, Cau River water flows through the area city Thai Nguyeny mainly manifestations organic pollutants, compared with the 2011 levels of organic matter in the water slightly, the BOD value reached from 1.01 to 1.28 times, TSS pass from 1.78 to 3.69 times the Standard 08: 2008 / A2 column Over time the water quality in the first year of Cau river mainly organic pollution in the period from June to the end of August, during this period increased organic matter content, the BOD value reached from 1.02 to 1.42 times, from 1.3 to 3.69 TSS beyond time Keywords: - Standar number 08:2008/ - pH - Do - TSS - BOD5 - Colifom Number of pages: 79 Date of 23- Sep - 2019 Submission: iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author would like to thank Center of Natural Resources and Environment Monitoring – Thai Nguyen and Assoc,Prof Nguyen Thi Ha ( Hanoi University of Science, VNU ) for allow author pratice and recomentdation to finish this reaseach iv CONTENT Page Introduction I RESEACH QUESTION THE AIM OF RESEACH 2.1 Overall objectives 2.2 Detail objectives MEANING OF RESEACH 3.1 Scientific significance 3.2 Economic and society PART 1: LETERATURE REVIEW 1.1 SCIENTIFIC BASIS 1.2 OVERVIEW OF WATER QUALITY 1.3 INTRODUCTION OF CAU RIVER 23 1.3.1 Natural condition 23 1.3.2 Rule of Cau river 28 PART 2: SUBJECTIVE, CONTENT AND METHOD……………………29 2.1 SUBJECTIVE AND LOCATION 29 2.1.1 Subjective 29 v 2.1.2 Location 29 vi 2.1.3 Time 29 2.1.4 Location 29 2.2 CONTENT 29 2.3 METHOD 30 2.3.1 Document collection methods secondary data 30 2.3.2 Interviewing .30 2.3.3 Sampling method 31 2.3.4 Method of preserving and transporting water samples 32 2.3.5 Monitoring methods 32 2.3.6 Comparative evaluation method 33 2.3.7 Data processing methods 33 2.3.8 Methods of expression study results 33 PART 3: RESULT AND CONCLUSION 34 3.1 REALITY QUALITY OF CAU RIVER 37 3.1.1 Curent situation quality of Cau river follow survey data 37 3.1.2 Curent situation quality of Cau river follow data from relevant agencies 40 3.2 SURFACE WATER QUALITY ASSESSNMENT FOLLOW DATA 45 3.2.1 Surface water quality in location .45 3.2.2 Surface water quality in time .53 vii 3.3 SURFACE WATER QUAILITY ASSESSMENT FOLLOW MONITORING DATA 45 3.3.1 Surface water quality assessment in location 45 3.3.2 Surface water quality assessment in time 53 3.3.3 The proposed solutions to improve and protect the river bridge………72 viii PART 4: CONCLUSION AND RECOMENTDATION… ………………….77 CONCLUSION 77 RECOMENTDATION 77 PART 5: REFRENCE 79 INTRODUCTION RESEACH QUESITON Surface water has been used as the main source for several human's activities (bathing, drinking, agriculture production, etc ) since the early of history With the development of civilization, surface water issues are not domestic but international problems that challenge all races, regions and nations around the globe As the population grows, surface water has been damaged by massive waste discharged to the environment (including into the water), affecting not only the surroundings but also human health This leads to an urgent of accurate water quality control and wastage control to ensure the surface water quality for future generations and environment stability Thai Nguyen city and Thai Nguyen province as a whole has been industrialized, modernized and urbanized in a fast pace within the recent years Being the Central of Northeastern Vietnam, Thai Nguyen still focus on agriculture, especially rice, crops, vegetables and fruits according to certain regions of the province Thai Nguyen inherits abundance of water from Cau river, providing resources for daily activities as well as productions Therefore, we conduct a research on the topic: ”Quality analysis of Cau river surface water, on section that flows through Thai Nguyen" 76 environmental police, the People's Committee in the inspection, monitoring and preventing violations of the law on Environmental Protection of business in the city area 77 3.3.3.2 Promoting the implementation of environmental protection of city * Construction, finishing the wastewater treatment system of the city focused investor and business and technical infrastructure of the city should build and perfect the domestic WWTP focus Ensure all sources of waste are processed These items should be designed properly and fit the actual conditions; Construction, installation of properly designed; maintain stable operation and efficiency during operation Wastewater treatment technology focus: using biotechnology aerobic (oxidative channels as transient lasts) have combined clarifier and disinfection for wastewater treatment In the process, the compounds of nitrogen are treated with biological methods, the compounds of phosphorus are processed using FeCl3 Dewatered sewage sludge and hygienic handling A processing solution other underground system leach plant vertical flow, which allows achieving performance BOD removal and nitrification 95% to 90% However, with this method needs a very large area (over 31ha), while land area downtown Thai nguyen very tight, in addition otherwise good control system it will be the source of odors very large because a very large surface area Whether used handling plan does regular monitoring activities of the works 78 through electricity consumption (installation of electricity meters with lead seals separately), diaries operate, bill, bill entry chemicals for WWTP focus, installing automatic monitoring equipment wastewater flow and a main pollution parameters, the technology works well, will contribute greatly to the effectiveness of treatment technologies * Enterprises operating in city areas to strictly implement the wastewater treatment All businesses, hospitals in the city area, located in areas zoned for collection and treatment of common water of Thai nguyen City wastewater to pretreatment standards WWTP input focus before being discharged into the wastewater collection system of the city focus Pending completion of the WWTP focus city, each enterprise, hospitals have waste water treatment standards before discharge permit external environment * Strict implementation of self-monitoring and environmental reporting Investors and businesses, hospitals in city areas to strictly implement selfmonitoring according to the commitments and compliance regime regular reports cross the competent authorities according to regulations Mandatory requirements for waste water treatment plant the city's focus must install automatic monitoring system monitoring the quality of wastewater before discharge into the environment Data are updated regularly and constantly on the 79 environmental management agency * Propaganda and popularization of the law, the management model and technology environmentally friendly regularly organize training, guiding the implementation of legal documents on environmental protection for business owners invest in the construction and business technical infrastructure of the city and all the investment projects in the city area Strengthen communication and dissemination of indicators and targets for environmental protection of the city and businesses in the city area, the management model and environment-friendly technologies Propagation, management and help enterprises access to credit and efficient use of funds for environmental protection in the construction and building waste water treatment system and the work of other environmental protection 3.3.3.3 City planning associated with the overall planning of economic development - social and environmental protection City development planning should be linked to the master plan on socioeconomic development and environmental protection Consider the relationship, interaction between city development planning with development planning of other socio-economic sectors in the region City development planning must conform to the conditions of natural resources, socio-economic characteristics, the development trend of the city in the future The city planners need to sync with the construction of commercial centers, 80 urban centers, vocational training, services, social security, environment modeled integrated corporations ensure the sustainable development Should urgently study the relocation of establishments causing environmental pollution in city areas out of the area or the development orientation in the model of environmentally friendly, striving to build models of cleaner production Model ecological city not only meet the technical infrastructure essential to minimize waste sources, rational use of resources and energy, which focuses more environmental protection ecological priority land planning for activities research and development, attracting high-tech science and service activities In the long run the local coordination with ministries related research, reviewing the overall planning of socio - economic development of the basin on the basis of the assessment of the load bearing capacity of the Cau River 3.3.3.4 Building monitoring network, environmental monitoring of water basins Construction process monitoring networks, environmental monitoring water for the river basin to ensure the implementation of the steps: -Option of water quality monitoring sites -Option parameter water quality monitoring suite categories water quality monitoring points -Identify the time and frequency of water quality monitoring 81 3.3.3.5 Recomendation Environmental protection management areas should be linked to sustainable development-oriented, focusing on fast-growing economy and solve satisfactorily the problem of local society Encourage the adoption of cleaner production technologies to minimize pollution, waste treatment technologies in the enterprise Attract investment and diversify investment sources for the protection of the environment: concessional loans State (fund environmental protection) for the construction of infrastructure engineering for the field of environmental protection school, technological innovation, applied research of cleaner production technologies, supporting the monitoring of environmental quality monitoring Strengthening community participation in environmental protection businesses, factories, hospitals; encourage socialization activities for environmental protection; advocacy, raising awareness of the community, publication and dissemination of information to communities around the city area 82 CONCLUSION AND RECOMENTDATION CONCLUSION Through the research results of the topic, we can draw some conclusions: * The development of Thai Nguyen City to accompany the increase in waste from production activities of industry, agriculture, services and living of the people Currently the majority of the waste water from the city of Thai Nguyen were dumped into the river bridge has been polluting the river bridge, if no measures for environmental protection, wastewater treatment matching the Cau River water will be contaminated infection more severe * According to the monitoring location, Cau River water flows through the area city Thai nguyen mainly manifestations organic pollutants, compared with the 2011 levels of organic matter in the water slightly, the BOD value reached from 1.01 to 1.28 times, TSS pass from 1.78 to 3.69 times the Standard 08: 2008 / A2 column Over time the water quality in the first year of Cau river mainly organic pollution in the period from June to the end of August, during this period increased organic matter content, the BOD value reached from 1.02 to 1.42 times, from 1.3 to 3.69 TSS beyond time 83 * The main causes of water pollution include River Bridge: The direct cause by domestic sewage, hospital sewage, industrial waste water produced; Indirect causes due to staff resources, process technology and compliance with laws and regulations on environmental protection RECONMENTDATION From the above conclusions, I propose a number of recommendations as follows: * For level ministries: -Architecture the ministries and agencies to implement the restrictive measures the combined impact of development activities urban and socioeconomic up Cau river water quality -Can conduct identified themes load threshold of each environmental indicators for water quality Cau River basin as a basis to set the overall measure, which is important for the planning and control cell contamination from waste sources * For the provincial, city: -Increase strengthen inspection and supervision, strict penalties for organizations and individuals violated -Increase intensify the education and propaganda to raise community awareness about hygiene and environmental protection -Increase invest for environmental protection, waste disposal , especially waste water treatment 84 -Construction management strategy in sync from the city to ward population groups 85 REFERENCES Tiếng Việt [1] Bệnh viện Đa khoa Trung tâm 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