Oxford english for electrical and mechan

Oxford English forElectrical and Mechanical Engineering Eric H. GlendinningNorman Glendinning, C Eng, MIMechE he topics have been chosen to cover areas that are common to both Electrical Engineering and Mechanical. Engineering. The course aims to develop all

Oxford English for Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Eric H Glendinning Norman Glendinning, C Eng, MIMechE Oxford University Press More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright orlord universiq Pnss W d t o o Street O x f d O X 6DP O d d NewYort Atbeaa AucWand BaogLok Bombay Calcutta CapeTom Daresalaam Delhi Fbmlce Hong Kong lstanbul lGvachl Kuala Lumplr Madras Madrid Melbourne Merieoaty N&I P& stngapon Taipei Tokyo TOmnto and.w,c&tcd-in Baltn madan Word and Oxjmd English are trade maks oforlord University Raa ISBN019457392 No unauthmkd phdoeapruls All @Is reservedNo part ofulis publication may be rrpmduced.aored in a rmimal nyncm or w n w i r t c d i n a n g fnm or by any mran* rlwlnlnl mahaolcaLphnocapging m d t n l : dr olhu dthout the &r wrim Dnmiadon 01 Oxionl This bmk Is sold subjedto the &tion that it SW not by way ofbade or othawlk be h t , -Id hired out orofhnwlse-tedwllhout the p u b w s pior W-t in any (omr ofbinding or ma other than that in which It Is p u b b h d and wllhout a simllar d t i o n iocludlne ulis condldon being lm@ on the m k q u e n t ThepubUshnand aulhondOxlord Engbhlor C ~ V J U U Oxford ~, Engkhfor Ebnrmks and Oxlord EwkhlmELrlNdmd Morhmknl Enguutrln#wodd ~~ Ukimthmktheuarhcrsand&~oflhe lollaving LnB1~Oom lor tMradvice and assi.tanu in the prepamlion o f t k bmks k t u t i T k n l d Indusblall: Aldini-ValeriaoL Bologna Avagdo Tudn BeUwi Bologna BenedeftoCasleW.Brrsda Cond Mllan de PrelO %hi0 eugaom.!Me Frrrm Rane Fmni Naples F d VlreoPa Fellari.Tudn Gaaaldl Genoa Cladanl Naples Chgi WLan G W Rome ~tcrger.Monaa LmaardodaVLncLmorenee Marmnl V m a Miaoo San G W o Naples Paareapa Bcrgamo Panelti M Pa80UoL WLan pean0.m San Felipo Nerl Rome Zueeante Mcstrr L& du u p ~&R Lyc&TCehnoicgique Indushiel Valence ThepubUsherand authors would like to thank the lollowing tor their khd p a m l d o n to use articles, m r a ~ iard a ~ U m ~ b o copymght m material Evng c ! h l has ken made m trace the ownmof wmnl&t m a m i d in thu bmk bur we shnuld h p k - t o hear h m a n y eowdght mwhom we have been unable to wntact in order to r& any ermm or O ~ O l l S Cob CUT CCSE: Tahmlogy by M H o r s e and P P w k C o b Educational, an imlwlnt of H m p C o b P u b b h m LLmited Praba United livinmon The lollowing articleswere all taken h m The EducatiDn Cuandlvl Thc Cumdirm: 'Electricmotor' by HehDavies 20Apil1993 'Cmtralbeating' by J Harker Dsember 1992 '~byHBLnh.30April1991 % & m i c d * i ' b y H B L n h 10Deewber 1991 'Wavepwer'byHDavlcs 23November 1993 ' b a d b& by HBLnh 24 September 1991 'Distbralres'by RLeedham 16Mareh1993 ' ~ l & t a t l o n m a i n ' by HBireh July 1992 'Air P i Material Handhug Systems' Aemfilm Systems The Netherlands ' h l g o mIs tor s p e d and quality'by JohnPox, ProjesslmtalEnglnrring,June 1993 The adaptation ofthls ruafk is reproduced by p a m l d o n ofthe C o d ofthe W N n m of Meehanid Engineers loodon.LlK 'BeaaaatheBn ti& wlth water-based hydraulics' by G m ~ n g l n e e r slondon UK 'On them& byludlth M w P m n a l Compulrr w i n e AUG 1992 o f e ~ ~ ~ o s ihow o n , It occurs and what to look for Ikslgn Enginrring, June 1991 Workingot ollght cnglnrringplant ( p p b a t work) by TMav (PubUsherslUmlted 1982 Wavland The pubkhers would Wre to thank the fouowingfor pmmlssbn to W u e e U I m t i m : Computer S m : Computmvision Thc Mucallon Guonliow Engineering Now: Technology hit Factsby C Chapman M Honley & E Small HmpCoUias PubUBhers Lid: VoLtswagen UKUd mepubushers would Wre to thank the foUavlnglor thebpmnlssion to reproduce photographs: 'v RollcRoyce Salt" Ho;-m 'Ihc snrru Phm L h q : Smtlih Pmcr Spat f a TV.Thr Tckpph Calm Libnry Vo1l;swaprn U K Ltd Typsa in Monotype Phodna and Unlvers Rintedin Italy CaseW.Sieoa c w norenee Gallleo Gallld Tudn More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright Technical contents Page Unit Topic Technical syllabus Engineering Courses Materials Mechanisms Forces Electric motor Student Central heating Safety at work Young engineer Washing machine Racing bicycle Lasers Technician Refrigerator Scales Portable generator General General Engineering materials Mechanisms Cams Statics and Dynamics Electrotechnology Electrical Automatic systems General General Engineering design Automaticsystems Transducers Mechanics Gear systems Mechanical technology Road breaker Disc brakes Stdengineer Lawn-mower Corrosion Pneumatics Hgdraulics General Process control Engineering design Mechanical technology Corrosion Maglev train CAD designer Supercar Graphs Waste recycling Electrical machines Motor selection CAD General General Technical plant Robotics Careers Applying for a job Robotics Stepper motors General General Company structure Robotics General Fluid mechanics Automatic systems Strain gauges Electrotechnology Power generation More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright Contents Page Unit Unit - l o Engineering what's it all about? 10 11 12 13 13 Tuning-in Reading Language study Word study Writing 14 Listening 15 Choosing a course Tuning-in 16 Reading Unit Unit4 Unit lntroduction dealslis concerned with Word stress Having a purpose Letter writing 1: requesting information 20 Writing 21 Engineering materials 22 22 23 Tuning-in Reading Language study Scanning tables Making definitions 24 Writing Adding information to a text 26 Mechanisms 26 26 Tuning-in Reading 27 29 29 Writing Language study Speaking practice 31 Forces in engineering 31 31 33 34 34 Tuning-in Reading Reading Language study Listening Scanning a text Ways oflinking ideas Dealing with technical terrrQ Predicting Grammar links in texts The present passive Listening to lectures More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright Unit Unit Unit Unit Fane 36 36 36 39 39 Unit 11 Tuning-in Skimming Describing functiorl Describing components 41 Reading Language study Writing Word study 42 An engineering student 42 42 44 Tuning-in Listening Writing 46 Central heating 46 46 48 Tuning-in Reading Language study 49 Word study Comparing a ~ l dcontrasting Predicting Time clauses so Safety at work 53 Tuning-in Reading Language study 53 Writing 55 Young engineer 55 56 57 Tuning-in Listening Writing 57 Speaking practice 58 Washing machine 58 Tuning-in 58 Reading 62 63 Language study Writing 50 51 Unit 10 The electric motor Understanding the writer'spurpose Making safety rules W a y s oflinking ideas, Describing and esplaining Reading diagranls IfJUnlesssmtences Explaining a diagram More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright Page Unit 12 65 Racing bicycle Tuning-in Prediction Reading Describing reasons 68 Language study 68 Writing Describing contrast 69 Word study Properties of~nnterials 70 Speaking practice 70 Technical reading Gear systems Unit 13 72 Lasers Tuning-in Reading Language study used tolfor Noun + noun cornpounds Word study Writing Describing nprocess, I: sequence Technical reading Laser cutting Unit 14 Unit 15 77 Automation technician 77 77 78 Tuning-in Listening Speaking practice 79 Refrigerator 79 Tuning-in 79 Reading 81 Language study Unit 16 81 82 Word study Writing 84 Scales Talking nbout spech?cntions Denling with unfnmiliar words Pri~siplesand lows Verbs and related nouns Describing n process 2: location Tuning-in Reading Meaningfrorn context Reading Con~parir~g sources Cnuse rind effect I Language study Technical reading Stmi11gauges More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright Unit 17 Unit 18 Page 91 Portable generator Tuning-in Reading diagrams Reading Cause and efject, 93 Language study Verbs with -ize/-ise Word study Describing a process, 3: sequence and 94 Writing location Technical reading Wave power 98 Road breaker Tuning-in Reading A l l o w and prevent links 101 Language study Explaining an operation 103 Writing 103 Technical reading Air skates 105 Speaking practice 98 Unit 19 106 Disc brakes Tuning-in Reading Language study Word study Contbinir~gskills Verbs with u p a n d d o w n Verbs + -en Writing Explaining an operation Technical reading Water-based hydraulics Unit 20 112 Staff engineer 112 Tuning-in 114 Listening 114 Language study Verbs with o n arldoff Unit 21 116 Tuning-in Reading Reading Language study Word study Writing Speaking practice Predicting Grammar links Describi~?gfunctions Noun + noun, 2:function Description and exp:pla~mtion Explair~ingf~irlctior~ More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright Page Unit22 123 123 124 125 126 126 Corrosion Tuning-in Reading Language study Speaking practice Technical reading Skimming Cause and ejfect Exchanging information Corrosion of materials Unit 23 128 Maglev train Tuning-in Reading Reading Language study Inferring Dealing with unfamiliar words, Prediction Writing Explanations Technical reading Motor selection: operating environment Unit 24 137 Computer Aided Design (CAD) Tuning-in Listening Language study Necessity: h a v e to and need (to) Unit 25 140 Supercar 140 Tuning-in 142 Reading 144 Language study 145 Writing Predicting: usingfirst sentences Crrtainty Summaries Unit 26 146 Graphs 146 Tuning-in 147 Language study 149 Word study 149 Writing 151 Technical reading Describing graphs Comnlon verbs in engineering Drscribing a graph Properties and applications ofcarbon steels Unit 27 152 Waste recycling plant 152 154 155 156 Tuning-in Reading Language study Writing Transferring information, making notes Possibility: c a n andcould Describing a procws, 4: reason and mrthod More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright Unit 28 Page 157 157 157 159 162 163 Robotics Tuning-in Reading Reading Revising skills Transferring information Language study Technical reading Concession: even if and although Stepper motors Unit 29 Careers in engineering Tuning-in Reading 168 Speaking practice Listening Infrrring Role play Inferring Unit 30 Applying for a job Tuning-in Reading Speaking practice Understanding job advertisements Role play Writing Writing a CVand letter ofapplication Technical reading Company structure 18s Student A Speaking practice Student B Speaking practice Glossary of engineering terms More ebooks visit: http://www.ccebook.cn ccebook-orginal enlish ebooks This file was collected by ccebook.cn form the internet, the author keeps the copyright Student A Speaking practice Unit Task Unit 12 Task 10 Use this text and diagrams to help you Your partner has the same diagrams but without the text Make sure your instructions are simple and clea- It fs importantthat the distanc; between the saddle and the handlebars should suit the rider Place the &bowatfhe point of the saddle and stretch out your arm and hand Thedistance between the handlebarsand the fingertips should be approximately cm If necessary, slide the saddle forwards orbackwardsafter loosenina nuts A - When re-tightening, make sure the saddle remains in an almost horizontalpositionand see that it is properly centred After re-tightening, ensure that the saddle is secured firmly and lo cannot be moved This diagram will help you to understand your partner's explanation Unit 14 Task Complete the missing design specifications Design specifications for a compression spring: *working length -, 'max outside dia cm c m *working length ~~~~~~~~ - ~ mean die - *rnin inside dia 1.42 crn Material Wire size spring steel 0.250 kg *Load to be supporled at working length 42kg Total number of coils 11 'Max solid length free length 4.80 cm Type of ends Wound L.H or R.H *Load to be supported at working length Number of free coils -v ~ ~ ~ kg T~~~~~~~~ Finish f ~ ~ k g ~ 2.600 cm closed and ground ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ stress relieve zinc plate ~ ~~~~~~ cmlmin Note The spring diameter may be varied within the limits stated The number of coils may be altered if necessary providing the conditions starred thus are maintained Unit 18 Task 13 lndicates Indicates exhaust , lndicates air supply ,: ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ Symb01 lndicates A A A vvv I 10 Symbol ' for SAC : lndicates spring return Unit 22 Pitting describes the form of corrosion where localized grains of metal are consumed, leaving small, irregular, but possibly deep, holes Task Although the amount of material removed may be small, the metal may be perforated Galvanic corrosion results where two dissimilar metals are connected in the presence of moisture producing a n electrolytic cell The more active metal becomes the anode and corrodes away, while the less active will be protected, Unit 29 Task Choose from one of these three profiles a Age Job title Education Duties Responsible to Likesldislikes b Age Job title Education Duties Responsible to Lies/dislikes Machine tool development fitter College of Technology, full Technician's Certificate by day release over years Works on automatic machines in the machine tool development department, one of millers, turners, and grinders Responsible for maintenance of machines, making jigs, and fixtures for specialist jobs and for building and commissioning new machines Foreman Likes the job because of the variety of work 42 General foremanlwoman Technical college City & Guilds Certificate by day release Is in charge of 26 people -machine tool operators, tool setters etc Based on the shop floor Controls everyday production jobs Superintendent Doesn't like having to sack people Job title Education Applications engineer Technical college City & Guilds Certificate by day release over years Duties Works in applications department - around 30 people Responsible for liaison between the company and the customer Tries to ensure that the customer's requirements can be met by the company's products Carries out tests on the products and sends results to the customer on how the product performs Responsible to Department manager Likes/dislikes Gets a lot ofjob satisfaction because he/she gets to see a n end result Finds the systems in the factory a bit cumbersome They can hold up the work of the section Your partner is one of these workers: Methods engineer Systems analyst Tool maker Student B Speaking practice Unit Unit 12 Task 10 Use this text and diagrams to help you Your partner has the same diagrams but has no text Make sure your instructions are simple and clear - - Acomfortable position is the best test Different heights and angles of the handlebars should be tried until you find the position which most suits you To adjust the height, unscrew the expander bolt A by three or four turns Give a sharp blow to the bolt head to loosen the handlebars Re-tighten once the proper height is obtained Make sure the handlebarsstem is not pulled too far out of tube Thestem must remain at least 65 mm engaged in thefron fork The grooved part of the expansion slits should not show lo To tilt the handlebars, loosen bolt After all adjustments have been made, make sure both bolts are firmly secured with the correct tools.The handlebarsahnlrld no hen the front w* ' is held firmly between the I H rn This diagram will help you to understand your partner's explanation Unit 14 Task Complete the missing design specifications Design specifications f o r a compression spring: %ax *working- length 3.45 Cm outside dia " cm *working length &-L + mean dia 1.67cm ' ~7~ ~ L l , i -L- -_I *min inside dia Specification Material Wire size 'Load to be supponed at working length spring steel free length cm Type of ends ~~~~~~~~~.~~ Wound L.H or R.H ~reatment L.H 0.250 14 kg k g ~~~ 'Load to be supponed at kg working length Total number of coils i 2.4 kg Finish ~ Number of free coils "Max solid length 2.600 cm Note The sorina diameter mav be varied w tn n the lim~tistatedTne nLmber of colls may be altered $1necessaw orov d ng lne cono~tlonsstarred th-s are ma8ntanned Unit 18 Task 13 lndicates Indicates lndicates Push button I \Q - for S Y 3PV ~ ~ O I I Svmbol I Z for / -Indicates lndicates a dead end \ \ \ Spring to push piston back ~~~~~~~~~~~ Unit 22 Task Demetallification is the effective removal of one metal from an alloy, such as zinc from a copperzinc alloy Although the metal remaining after attack retains similar dimensions to the original, it lacks mechanical strength and is porous Microbiological corrosion is more often found in hot countries, but it also occurs in tanks, such as fuel tanks Fungus enters through the ventilation system or with the fuel and grows inside the tank This leads to leakage and can result in structural failure Unit 29 Task Choose from one of these three profiles a Age Job title Education 28 Methods engineer FE College, Higher National Diploma, (a sandwich course - months work, months study) University, BSc (Eng) Duties Part of a team which plans new components and how they are to be manufactured Also responsible for specifying or recommending new equipment and new machines If there is a problem with production or materials used for a project, the team has to sort it out Responsible to Production engineering manager Likes/disliies Enjoys working as part of a team and solving problems Job title Education Duties Systems analyst Polytechnic, BA in Business Studies Assistant analyst in management services department Part of a team composed of analysts and programmers When a department has a problem, he/she has to analyse it and come up with a solution If it is a solution which can be solved by a computer, the team design, write, and test a computer program for the problem If it goes well, the program is put into use This may involve training a 'user' in the new system Responsible to Section leader Likesldislikes Enjoys working with so many departments Doesn't like it when a user changes hislher mind about something after hours have been spent designing a system Age 23 Job title Toolmaker Education College of Technology, City & Guilds sandwich course Duties One of 50 who work in the tool room - fitters, turners, millers grinder, jig borers Spends time on each kind of machine surface grinders, lathe, mill Responsible to Foreman/woman Likesldislikes Likes working with hislher hands.Enjoys getting experience with different kinds of machines Your partner is one of these workers: Machine tool development fitter Foreman/woman Applications engineer Glossary of engineering terms and abbreviations The definitions in this glossary refer to words only as they are used in this book The meanings ofcertain words will vary according to context As the texts in this book are authentic and come from a variety of sources, some inconsistency in hyphenation and spelling is inevitable The unit and task numbers indicate where the word first appears Abbreviations used in the text R = Reading section SP = Speaking practice T = Task TS = Tapescript U = Unit W = Writing section n = noun adj = adjective v = verb A - f r a m e /'el f r e r d n [UlO T5] a structural frame in the shape ofthe letter A ac /el 'si:/ n [U23, T6] alternating current a e r o d y n a m i c l,earauda~'nzmrW ndj [U 12, T3] designed to reduce wind resistance a i r c l a s s i f i e r i'ea ,klres~fa~a(r)l n [U27, T3] a machine which uses air to segregate materials by size and weight a l a r m 1a'la:d rl [ U l l , T31 a means of attracting attention utilizing either sound or vision alloy i'zl~rln [U12,T3] a metal formed by mixing together other metals and elements a l t e r n a t o r /'~:ltanerta(r)l n [U17, T31 a type of generator producing alternating current amplifier /'zmpl~fa~a(r)l n [U16, TE] an electronic device which converts small signal changes to large a n t h r o p o m o r p h i c I,zn!3rapa'm~:fiW11 [UZE, T31 ofhuman-like form a r m a t u r e i'a:mafa(r)i n [U6, TZ] the moving part of an electric motor which comprises a piece of iron with loops ofwire running round it: the current through the wire is reversed to provide the changes in magnetic fields required to make the motor run o e a t i n g I'bearrgl 11 [U2,T4] a device tu reduce friction and wear between a rotating shaft and a stationary part: may contain balls or rollers b i m e t a l l i c c o r r o s i o n Ibarmatzlrk ka'rau3nl n [U22.T6] see galvanic corrosion b l o c k d i a g r a m i'blok ,daragrred n [U11,T3] schematic drawing showing different functions in a system or stages in a process b o d y scannerl'bodi,skzna(r)/ n [Ul, T4] a medical electronic device for building up an image of the internal organs of a patient b r i t t l e i'hrrtlladj [U3, TZ] describes a material which tends to break easily e.g glass b r u s h e s i'bm~rzin [U6, T2] spring-loaded carbon blocks which carry the electric current to the commutator of an electric motor b u o y a n c y l'baans~ln [U5,T3] the upthrust exerted by a fluid b u z z e r i'bi\za(r)l n [U7, T5 TS] a device which uses an elec!xic signal to produce a buzzing sound CADkaedl n [UZO, T l ] computer-aided design CAM /kaem/ n [UZO, TZ] computer-aided manufacture cam l k z d n [U4, T7] a specially profiled part which is Etted to a rotating shaft to produce linear motion capillary tubeka'prlan ,tju:bl n [U15, TZ] a tube with a very small diameter bore CAPPlkaepl n [UZO, TZ] computer-aided process planning c a r b o n f i b r e i'ka:bn ,faba(r)/ n [U25, T51 high-strength fibre made from carbon atoms carburettorl,ka:ba'reta(r)/n [U17,T3] a device where air and petrol are mixed in an internal combustion engine Cartesian co-ordinatesko:,ti:p kau'~:drnats/n [U28, T5] information about the positionof a body in space using distances measured from three intersecting planes c h a i n w h e e l i'tSern wi:l/ n [UlZ, T l ] a toothed pulley or sprocket used for transmitting toque by a chain c h a r g e r i'tJa:dsa(r)I n [U15, T4] a device which contains a unit for converting mains power to direct current at a suitable voltage for charging batteries chisel1't~uUn [U18,T3] asteei t w i with one end formed into a cutting edge CIM l s d n [UZO,Tl] computer-integrated manufachuing: describes a series of processes or activities co-ordinated by using a computer c i r c u i t b r e a k e r rss:krt ,brerka(r)ln [UZl,T6] anelectrical switch fitted with an overload protection cut out c l o s e d loopl,klauzd'lu:pl n [U11,T3] a system where part ofthe output of a system is fed back into the input to modify the output commutator i'komju: ,terta(r)ln [U6, TZ] the part of the armature of an electric motor which is incontact with the brushes: it reverses the flow of current through the armature c o m p a c t disc1,kompaekt 'drsW n [U13, TZ] plastic disc used to store high quality sound recordings or computer data on its surface c o m p o n e n t e v a l u a t i o n /kam,paunaut ~aelju'erJn1 n [U30,T4] the testing of a component to ensure it conforms to speci6cations compositel'kompaz~tin [U25, T4] a fibre-reinforcedplastic material c o m p r e s s e d a i r kam,prest'ea(r)l n [U18.T1] air at higher than atmospheric pressure: used to power pneumatic devices such as drills c o m p r e s s i o n Ikam'preJd n [U4, T4] the effectof forces which act to squash a structure c o m p u t e r m o d e l kam'pju:ta ,modVn [U24,T7] a representation of a design created in 3D on a computer using a CAD programme c o m p u t e r - b e s e d kam'pju:ta ,berst/adj [U30.T31 describes a system which relies on the use of a computer c o n d e n s e r kan'densa(r)/ n [U15, TZ] a unit where vapour is converted back into a liquid c o n d u c t o r lkan'dnkta(r)I n [U3,T3] a material which will transmit electricity or heat c o n s t r a i n t kan'strernti n [U28,T6] limit imposed by the nature of a mechanism c o o l i n g d u c t /'ku:lrq d ~ k V n [U23, T9] a passageway to allow air to pass to a hot surface, for example, in a motor c o r r o s i o n - r e s i s t a n t lka'raup n,zrstantJ adj [U3, T3] describes a material which can be used in environments where longterm strength or appearance is important e.g stainless steel c o r r o s i v e ka'rausrvl adj [U9, T l ] describes a substance which corrodes (eats or wears away), usually by chemical action crankshah/'kraeqkJa:fU n [U4,T2] the main shaft of an engine which carries the cranks for the pistons c r e v i c e c o r r o s i o n i'krevrs ka,rauyli n [UZZ,T61 corrosion in cracks or crevices in pipes canying liquids cylinder h e a d /'srI~nda,hedl n [U3, W] a plate which seals the ends ofcylinders on internal combustion engines: it contains the valves d a m p e r /'diempa(r)l n [U23, T2] a device fitted between the chassis and axle of a vehicle to remove spring efects and smooth travel d a t a b a s e i'de~tabelsin [U20, T2] a bank of information stored in a computer for easy access d c ldi: 'si:l n [U6, T5] direct current d e b u g 1,di:'bnglvt [U29, T2] detect, locate and correct faults d e g r e e s of f r e e d o m ldr,gri:z av 'frkdami n [U28, T4] the movements achievable by a robot in three-dimensional space [U29,T5] d e s a l i n a t i o n l,di:sael~'ne~Jnln production of fresh water from sea water d i e Idad n [U 13, T7] a specially shaped block of metal used as a mould for other materials die-cast i'darko:st/ adj [U12 T6] produced from moulds d i s c b r a k e s i'd~skbre~ksin [U19,T2] brakes in which a caliper clamps brake pads onto a disc connected to the wheel of the vehicle d i v e r t e r valve/dal'va:ta ,v;elv/n [U8,T6] a valve used in central heating to redirect the flow ofhot water from radiators to water heating and vice versa d o c u m e n t a t i o n 1,dokjumen'terSnln [U30, T9] the complete description of a product in words and drawings at every slsye in its manulaaurc d u c t i l e dhktall ,1d1IU3.T31 dcs~.ribcsa material which can be stretched and yet retain its strength, e.g copper ductility ldnk'trhtd n [U26,T9] quality of being ductile , turd 1,i:di: 'emi n [U20,T2] engineering data management e l a s t i c limit ir'liestlk ,Itnut/ n [U26,T6] the point at which a material will no longer return to its original shape a h r tensile forces are released e l a s t i c i t y lrlaes't~s~t~l n [U5,T3] the property of a material to stretch and then return to its original state e n c a p s u l a t i o n l~r],kaepsju'le~jnl n [U3, T3] the process of completelyembedding a component in a resin as protection from the environment e n g i n e i'endgni n [U3, W] a device which coverts fuel into work equilibrium l,ekw~'hbnami n [U5.T3] balance (a structure is in equilibrium when all the forces on it are stableand there is no movement) e s c a l a t o r i'eskalerta(r)l n [U4,T2] moving stairs e v a p o r a t o r /r4v;eparerta(r)/n [U15,T2] a unit in which a liquid is converted into a vapour e x f o l i a t e c o r r o s i o n Ieks'fauliat ka,raupl n [U22, T6] when flakes ofmetal are displaced due to corrosion e x t r u s i o n /rk'stru:3n/ n [U13,T7] a manufacturing process whereby a material in its plastic state is forced through a die, e.g to make plastic pipes feedbacki'fidbiekl n [U11.T3] asignal responding to the output of a system which is returned to the input to modify the output field m a g n e t /'fi:ld ,maegnat/ n [U6,T2] a magnet for producing and maintaining the magnetic field in a generator or electric motor friction l'frkSn/ n [U5,T2] the resistance experienced when two bodies rub against each other f u e l cell l'tjual sell n [U25, T4] a cell which converts the chemicalenergy of a fuel to electrical energy f u l c r u m /'fulkram/ n [U5,T6] the pivot point of a system oflevers, e.g the screw in a pair of scissors g a l v a n i c c o r r o s i o n lgiel'vien~k ka,raopl n [U22,T6] the corrosion which results when two dissimilar metals are connected In the presence of moisture gesn lg~azln [U12,T1] an arrangement of toothed wheels whichmesh together to change the speedor direction of movement g o g g l e s i'gogaW n [U9,T7] protective eye wear completely surrounding the eyes g r a n u l e s i'gr;enjualzl n [U13.T71 material, e.g plastic, in the form of small grains I3 g r i n d e r I'gra~nd$r)/n [U9, T3] a machine with a rotating disc ofabrasive material used for sharpening tools and removing rough edges [U29 SP (A)]a grinding machine operator g u a r d 1ga:dl n lU9, T3] a device to safeguard the operators ofmoving machinery hammermilll'hemamrl/ n [U27,T3] a crushing machine using impacts from rotating arms hazardi'haezadl n [U9, T2] danger h e a t e x c h a n g e r i'hi:t 1ks,tJe1nd3a(r)ln [U8,T31 the part of a boiler where the water is heated h e a t - r e s i s t a n t i'hi:t n,z~stant/arlj [U3, T31 describes a material which will withstandexposure to high temperature h i n g e lh1nd3/n [U5, T6] a flexible mounting for doors and lids ndi [U19, TZ] h y d r a u l i c 1ha1dr~:lrkl describes a system using cylinders and pistons and driven by a fluid i g n i t i o n l ~ g ' n ~ fnn[U28, i T91 the circuit which allows high-tension current to pass to the sparking plugs in an internal combustion engine i n s u l a t o r i'~nsju,le~ta(r)l n [U3, T3] a substance which will not transmit electricity or heat interfacel'mtafe~sln [U28, TZ] hardware and software to enable a computer to communicate with the device to he controlled i n t e r g r a n u l a r c o r r o s i o n i,~ntagrienjola ka'rao3n/ 11 [UZZ, T61 corrosion at the boundaries of the crystal grains of a material ITlar 'ti:/ n IU20 T l l information jcfd"f:i:","[U29 SP (A)]a work-holding device made for a specificcomwnent e.2 to hold it for drilling JlT/,d3e1a1 'ti:i n [UZO, TZ] just-in-time manufacturing l a s e r i'le~za(r)ln [U13,T2] Light Amplificationby Stimulated Emission of Radiation LCD i,el si: 'di:i n [U16, T6] liquid crystal display l o a d c a l l /'laud sell n [U16, T5] a loadmeasuring element using an electrical strain gauge as the measuring device m a l l e a b l e I'mel~abllarlj[U3, T3] describes a material which can be stretched without breaking apart, e.g copper I m a n i p u l a t o r lma'n~pju,le~ta(r)i n [U28, TZJthe part of a robot which carries out the work m e t h o d s e n g i n e e r I'metladz endg,n~a(r)i n [U29,T7] someone concerned with establishing the best production method and equipment for making an article m i c r o m e t e r lmar'krnmita(r)/ n [U29,T2] a U-shaped gauge used for precise measurement ofthicknesses: the gap between the measuring faces is adjusted by rotating a screw thread encased in a graduated sleeve m i c r o p r o c e s s o r i,ma~krau'prausesa(r)/ n [U16, T5] integrated circuit chip at the centre of a computer for controlling the system and processing the data mill 1m1V11 [U29, SP (B)]a milling machine; uses multi-toothed cutters to shape metals and plastics miller l'm~la(r)i n [U29, SP (A)]a milling machine operator MRPi,em a: 'pi:/ n [UZO, T21 materials requirement planning p e d a l i'ped(a)li n [UlZ, T I ] foot-operated lever e.g the accelerator pedal of a car p e n d u l u m /'pendjulam/ n [U4, TZ] the swinging weight used for time control in some clocks pilot l i g h t i'pa~latla~tin [US, T2] a small flame used to ignite the main burners in a gas-fired heating boiIer p i t c h 1p1tJin [U28, T6] angular displacement along the lateral axis p i t t i n g i ' p ~ t ~nu[U22, i T6] corrosion due to l o c a l i d chemical reaction p l a n t /pla:nti 11 [U8,T7] the machines in a factory and all the buildings PLC /,pi: el 'si:/ n [UZO, TZ] programmable logic control/cuntroller: the systemldevice by which a microprocessor controls a stage in a process automatically p n e u m a t i c drill 1nju:mztrk 'dr~lin [U 18, T3] a drilling machine using compressed air for power p r e s s u r e r e g u l a t o r i'prefa ,regjule~ta(r)i n [U21,T6] a deviceforadjustingor maintaining pressure levels protoWpal'prauta,tarpi n [UlO,TZTS] the first working model pulley i'puld n [U10,T5] a grooved wheel over which a rope passes reaction 1ri:'aekJnI n [U5, T3] the force which opposes a n applied force r e a m e r l n m a ( r ) l n [U19.T61 a tool for enlarging a drilled hole to a precise diameter recyclingl,ri:'sarkl~ql n [U27,T1] extracting from waste all materials that can be reprocessed to be used again refrigerant ln'fnd3arantl n [U15,T2] a substance which changes easily from a liquid to a gas and which can be used in refrigeration to remove heat energy and transfer it to the surroundings regenerativebraking ln'd3enaratlv ,bre~klr)I n [U25, T5] a method ofbraking electric motors where the motor becomes a generator converting the energy of the slowing wheels into electricity remote control 1r1,mautkan'traull n [U 11, T3] a device for controlling something from a distance respirator i'respa,re~ta(r)ln [U9, T71 a mask worn over the nose and mouth to filter air resultant in'z~ltantln [U5 T21 the single outcome of a number of different vectors revolve /r~'volv/vi [U5, T7 TS] turn rotate roboticslrau'bot~ksln [U28] the study or production of machines which perform tasks in a manner similar to humans roll lraul/ n [U28, TS] angular rotation about a longitudinal axis rotor /'rauta(r)/ n [U17, T21 rotating part of agenerator scallop l'skolapl n [U28, T6] fan-shaped curve scratch-resistant llskrietJr ~ , z ~ s tadj an [U3, T3] describes a material which retains its appearance when exposed to abrasion sensing device i'sens~qd ~ v a l snl [U7, T5TSI a device which monitors the operating environment and is sensitive to change shock absorber IJok abzs:ba(r)I n [ U l l , T2] a device for absorbing shocks and vibrations signal generator i's~gnal,d3enarerta(r)l n [U21,T6] electronic device which produces various signals used in tests and measurements solenoid I'saulan~~dl n [U11,T2] a coil w ~ t ah n iron core which is pulled into the coil by a current passing through the coil solenoid valve I'saolan~~d ,vaelvl rr [ U l 1, T2] a valve operated by a solenoid spanner i'spsna(r)/ n [U5,T7 TS] a twl or level, for applying force to nuts and bolts speed governor /spi:d,g~vana(r)l n [U21,T6] a device fitted to an engine to limit its speed to a pre-set level spring balance 1,sprlq 'haelansl n [U5, T31 a measuring device in which the force applied is calculated by the extension of a spring sprocket I'sprnk~tln [U12, TI01 a toothed wheel over which a chain passes stator /'ste~ta(r)/n [U17.T2] stationary part of a generator strain gauge l'stre~ng e ~ d dn [U16, T5] a device for measuring strain in a structure switchgeari'sw~tJg~a(r)l n [Ul,T5] switches and associated equipment for controlling large elech.ical currents systems analyst i'slstamz ,aenahstIn [U29, Ti'] someone responsible for examining a problem to see whether it is suitable for a computer application tachogenerator I'tiekau,d3enarelta(r)i n [U 11, T4] a sensor for measuring the speed of rotation TEFC /,ti: i: ef 'si:l adj [U23, T9] totallyenclosed fan-cooled (motor) tension I'tenJnI n [U4, T4] the effecto f a pulling force which tends to stretch a body thermoplastic l'Oa:mao,pliest~kl n [U3,T1] a plastic which softens when heated and hardens when cooled thermosetting plastic /,Oa:mauset~~~ 'plaestrkl n [U3,T3] a plastic which retains its shape and rigidity at high temperatures thermostat /'Os:mast;et/ n [U8.T31 a controldevice which operates at a pre-set temperature throttle I'OrotlI n [U18, T3] a valve for controlling the supply of a gas or liquid (e.g fuel) to a n engine thrust IOr~stln [U12,T6] force of propulsion t o o l i n g /'tu:l~l)/n [U13, TI01 aU manufacturing equipment required for the manufacture of a product t o x i c i'toks~Wadj [U9,T1] poisonous transformer/,traens'fa:ma(r)/n [U6, T6] a device for stepping up or down the voltage of an alternating current t r e a d l e Itredll n [U4, T6] a linkage used to convert oscillating into rotary movement and vice versa t u r b i n e i't3:bami n [U 17, T9] a machine which produces power when steam, gas or water is passedover the blades attached to the rotating drive output shaft t u r b u l e n c e /'ta:bjuland n [UlZ, T6] violent or uneven movement of air turner /'t3:na(r)/ n [U29, SP (A)]a lathe operator u n d e r c a r r i a g e l'nnda,kiend3i n [U23, RZ] the supporting framework of a vehicle comprising wheels, axles, suspension, etc v a p o u r l've~pa(r)/n [U 15, TZ] a gas that can be liquefiedby increasing its pressure vernieri'va:nra(r)/ n [U29, TZ] a measuring gauge fitted with an auxiliary scale which allows the operator to read the main scale with an accuracy of one tenth of a division waisting/'we~st~q/ n [U26, T7] deformationwhich brings about narrowing of the section of a rod or material under tension wave p o w e r i'wew ,paua(r)/n [U17, T9] a method of generating electricity by using the movement of waves in water workvolume/'wa:k ,volju:~II/n [UZS, T41 the space volume into which the manipulator of a robot can be positioned: hence the volume where useful work can be done y a w /j3:/n [U28, T81 angular rotation about a vertical axis yield p o i n t 1'ji:ld p31nti n [U26,T7] the point where the elastic limit is reached T k a ~ ~ w n m k r r , a ~ t o t h e u d m s n d ~ , t h e I t.(1.&riWsndusdul unit-by-unit teaching notes