The effects of proliferation of technological innovation on organic oriented farms in thai nguyen city, vietnam, and luisiana laguna province, philippines

bg THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY CUSTODIO RIZLYN PANLILIO THE EFFECTS OF PROLIFERATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION ON ORGANIC ORIENTED FARMS IN THAI NGUYEN CITY, THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE, VIETNAM AND LUSIANA, LAGUNA PROVINCE, PHILIPPINES BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode: Full time Major: Agricultural Economics Faculty: Advanced Education Program Batch: 2018-2021 Thai Nguyen, /11/2022 i DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program Bachelor of Agricultural Economics Student name Rizlyn Panlilio Custodio Student ID DTN1854250001 Thesis Title The Effects of Proliferation of Technological Innovation on Organic-Oriented Farms in Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam, and Luisiana Laguna Province, Philippines Supervisor Professor: Đỗ Thị Thùy Linh Supervisor’s Signature Abstract: Although most technologies nowadays are innovated, organic oriented farms are not yet in fully use of technologies in production of organic crops The result of this paper helps to better understand the effects of continues proliferation of technological innovation on organic oriented farms in Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam and Luisiana Laguna Province, Philippines This study identifies the effects of technological innovation on organic oriented farms in three different clauses; (i) a whole farming process, (ii) Sustainable growth and (iii) Level of production Filipino and Vietnamese participants were subjected to checklist-questionnaire survey Data were transcribed and analyzed Moreover, the main element behind smart agriculture is technology In an effort to sustain agricultural sector growth, ii certain governments have begun boosting their investments in smart agriculture It might be difficult for farmers to adopt new technology, though Perhaps two of the many factors that affect how rapidly farmers adopt new technologies are their sociodemographic characteristics and how they perceive the advantages that the technology offers It demonstrated that there is a strong connection between technical innovation and its spread across the entire organic farm and its impacts Despite the undeniable effects that technological innovation has had on farms that are focused on organic farming, some farmers are still hesitant to employ innovative technologies in order to practice 100% organic farming Keywords Technological innovation, organic-oriented farms, whole farming process, sustainable growth and level of production Number of 70 pages pages: Date of November , 2022 Submission: iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT All praise is due to the master of the universe, "Our dear God," who always leads me and strengthens me, especially when I was struggling with this research This research doesn’t mean as the end of being a student it is rather the start of a new chapter in our lives as learners Some folks helped me along the way by offering assistance and encouraging comments The following people helped me finish this thesis, and I would like to thank them for their help In particular, I want to thank my supervisor; professor Đỗ Thị Thùy Linh from the bottom of my heart, for her kindness and continues support in conducting this research Due to the pandemic situation, I had a hard time collecting data and finishing this research on time but my supervisor has always been patient and considerate about me I am truly grateful for her kindness, patience, motivation, immense knowledge and enthusiasm I could not imagine having other mentor for this study because her guidance helped all throughout this research I also want to thank AEP office for being always understanding and always guding us in doing this research My sincere thanks also go to farm owners for letting me conduct my research on their farms I am totally grateful to everyone especially for the farm owners and farmers who contributed the data I needed to finish this research I am also thankful to Ate Rosette, for helping me in collecting primary data I needed in Lusiana, Laguna I am also glad to my friends, Ate Van and Ate Jax, Mich, Sab, Linh, Shri, Frans and Divine who helped me contact the farms and went with me in different farms so I can gather information/data that I needed Words cannot i express my gratitude to my closest friends Giselle, Sab, and Jewell who never stopped loving me, supporting me, and inspiring me to finish this research Last but not least, I want to thank my entire family for their encouragement and guidance throughout my journey, particularly my mother Gina Panlilio My family provide me the motivation to complete my thesis I will always adore you all, which is why I am dedicating this study to my family, friends, and loved ones, who are my source of strength Thank you, and may God continue to bless us Rizlyn Panlilio Custodio ii TABLE OF CONTENTS DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i TABLE OF CONTENTS iii LIST OF FIGURES - LIST OF TABLES - PART I INTRODUCTION - 1.1 Research rationale - 1.2 Significance of the study 1.3 Research questions and hypothesis 1.3.1 Research questions 1.3.2 Hypothesis 1.3.3 Research objectives 1.3.4 Scope and Limitations 1.3.5 Conceptual Framework PART II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Definitions of technological innovation and organic oriented farms 2.2 Organic oriented farms 2.2.1 Organic oriented farms in the Philippines 2.2.2 Organic oriented farms in Vietnam 12 2.3 Technological innovation in organic oriented farms 15 2.4 Organic Farms Vs Conventional Farms 16 2.4.1 Organic vs conventional fertilizers: impacts on the environment 17 2.5 Importance of technological innovation in organic oriented farming 18 2.5.1 Agricultural Technology and its importance 19 2.6 Farmer’s approach in technological innovation within an organic farm 20 2.7 Relationship of technological innovation and level of production of the organic oriented farms 21 iii Part III METHODOLOGY 23 3.1 Materials and Instruments 23 3.2 Research contents 23 3.3 Methodology 24 3.3.1 The research design 24 3.3.2 Survey 24 3.3.3 Respondents 25 3.3.4 Data Collection Process 25 3.4 Research Locale 25 3.5 Materials 26 3.6 Research Approach 26 PART IV: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 27 4.1 Data Presentation 27 4.1.1 Demographic information of the respondents 28 4.1.1.1 Vietnamese respondents 28 4.1.1.2 Filipino respondents 30 4.2 Whole farming process 32 4.3 Sustainable growth 35 4.3 Level of production 38 4.4 Technologies used in organic oriented farms 40 PART V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 43 5.1 Conclusion 43 5.2 Recommendations 44 REFERENCES 46 APPENDICES 50 iv LIST OF FIGURES Figure Conceptual Framework of Variables Figure Organic Producers Category 15 Figure Organic versus Conventional Fertilizers 17 Figure Conceptual Framework of Data Gathering 23 Figure Research approach 26 Figure Gender bar graph 28 Figure Educational background 28 Figure Work Position 29 Figure Gender bar graph 30 Figure 10 Educational background 30 Figure 11 Work Position 31 -1- LIST OF TABLES Box 1: Actors behind organic farming in Vietnam 14 Table 4.1 A whole farming process: Vietnamese respondents 32 Table 4.2 A whole farming process: Filipino respondents 33 Table 4.3 Sustainable growth: Vietnamese respondents 35 Table 4.4 Sustainable growth: Filipino respondents 36 Table 4.5 Level of production: Vietnamese respondents 38 Table 4.6 Level of production: Filipino respondents 39 -2- PART I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Research rationale Organic farming is defined as a type of agriculture system that uses fertilizer based on organic substances such as skeletal crumbs, farmyard manure, compost and areas that focused on techniques like direct seeding and intercropping Biological resistance of pests, merged cultivation and nurturing of insect predators are stimulated in organic farming The benefits of sustainable development, health security, food and health safety are encouraged in this area Thousand years ago, agriculture was practiced without using artificial chemicals In mid-19th century, the used of artificial chemicals started Organic farming is currently developing in both Vietnam and Philippines According to the Tran Van Khoi, director of the Vietnam Agricultural Extension Center, the total organic farming of the country has expanded faster than the average global pace The number of farms that has been oriented and adopts the organic practices have been growing in the whole Vietnam (Khoi, 2018) Thai Nguyen City, in Thai Nguyen province Vietnam have several farms that have started/adopted these practices already (Doanh, 2018) While in the Philippines, the Department of Agriculture (DA) reintroduced Organic Agriculture (OA) through implementing the Republic Act 10068, popularly known as the "Organic Agriculture Act of 2010," In order for the act to work well, the legislation created an organization that is set to guide the OA republic act in implementing agricultural activities Only 107, 911 hectares of the total agricultural farm areas in the Philippines (NOAP 2012-2016) were transformed to the OA -3- Appendix 4.1: Transcribed data: Whole farming process (Luisiana Laguna, Philippines) Q1 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 Mean Standard Deviaton Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 2 2 2 1 3 3 4 2 2 2 4 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1.8627 2.1373 2.2353 2.0784 1.9608 2.098 2.4118 0.5664 0.6639 0.8146 0.5232 0.6917 0.7001 0.726 53 Appendix 5: Transcribed data: Sustainable growth (Thai Nguyen, Vietnam) Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 2 1 4 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 3 3 5 5 5 4 5 5 2 5 4 4 5 4 5 4 5 5 4 3 4 4 2 1 2 3 2 3 4 5 3 4 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 4 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 Mean 2.4222 2.3111 2.4 2.3778 2.1778 2.1111 2.3111 Standard Deviation 1.4692 1.3112 1.4206 1.37 1.2484 1.3521 1.3112 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 54 Appendix 5.1: Transcribed data: Sustainable growth (Luisiana Laguna, Philippines) Q1 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 Mean Standard Deviaton 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2.21568627 0.61036794 Q2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.33333333 0.65319726 Q3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.33333333 0.65319726 Q4 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2.29411765 0.75615125 Q5 2 2 2 3 4 3 4 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2.52941176 0.78365659 Q6 2 2 3 4 4 4 4 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2.82352941 0.84156717 Q7 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1.96078431 0.77358346 55 Appendix 6: Transcribed data: Level of production (Thai Nguyen, Vietnam) Q1 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Mean Standard Deviation Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 1 1 1 1 2 3 2 4 5 3 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 4 3 5 3 2 4 1 2 2 2 4 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2.1111 2.1333 2.2667 2.8667 2.1556 1.8444 1.3521 1.1985 1.3883 1.1481 1.2898 1.4295 1.3644 56 Appendix 6.1: Transcribed data: Level of production (Luisiana Laguna, Philippines) Q1 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 Mean Standard Deviaton 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.2353 0.5509 Q2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.1569 0.5049 Q3 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.1373 0.6007 Q4 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.1961 0.8005 Q5 4 2 3 4 5 3 4 2 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 3 3.5098 0.9669 Q6 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2.3137 0.6161 Q7 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1.6471 0.6877 57 Appendix 7: Data analysis using stata: (Thai Nguyen, Vietnam) 58 Appendix 8: Data analysis using stata: (Luisiana Laguna, Philippines) 59 Appendix 9: Data Frequency: (Thai Nguyen, Vietnam) Count of Section Q1 Strongly Agree (1) Agree (2) Uncertain (3) Disagree (4) Strongly Disagree (5) Total Q2 21 12 2 45 Q3 16 14 45 Q4 17 12 45 Q5 11 15 10 45 Q6 17 13 5 45 Q7 16 18 45 11 16 6 45 60 Count of Section Q1 Strongly Agree (1) Agree (2) Uncertain (3) Disagree (4) Strongly Disagree (5) Total Q2 15 15 45 Count of Section Q1 Q2 Strongly Agree (1) 19 Agree (2) 16 Uncertain (3) Disagree (4) Strongly Disagree (5) Total 45 Q3 16 13 45 Q4 17 11 10 45 Q3 17 15 45 Q5 14 17 45 Q4 16 17 45 Q6 17 13 45 Q5 19 15 45 Q7 20 13 45 Q6 11 16 11 45 14 17 5 45 Q7 23 7 45 28 2 45 61 Appendix 10: Data Frequency: (Luisiana Laguna, Philippines) Count of Section Q1 Q2 Strongly Agree (1) 12 Agree (2) 34 Uncertain (3) Disagree (4) Strongly Disagree (5) Total 51 Q3 34 51 Q4 30 51 Q5 40 51 Q6 11 33 51 Q7 35 51 30 16 51 62 Count of Section Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Strongly Agree (1) 12 Agree (2) 36 33 36 30 29 23 32 Uncertain (3) 10 13 10 12 15 14 Disagree (4) 4 14 Strongly Disagree (5) 0 0 1 Total 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 Count of Section Q1 Strongly Agree (1) Agree (2) Uncertain (3) Disagree (4) Strongly Disagree (5) Total Q2 36 12 51 Q3 43 51 Q4 32 13 0 51 Q5 29 10 51 Q6 10 12 22 51 Q7 33 14 51 23 24 51 63 Appendix 11: List of farms: (Thai Nguyen, Vietnam) Chè HẢO ĐẠT Tea Farm Trong Tuyet Farm Dung Tan Farm 64 Trà Phúc Nguyên Tea Farm NTEA Farm 65 Appendix 12: List of farms: (Luisiana Laguna, Philippines) Rose Hilario Farm Brgy San Isidro Maricar Saludes Farm 66 Brgy Zone VIII Edmar Farm 67