TENSES CẤU TRÚC VÀ CÁCH DÙNG CÁC THÌ TRONG TIẾNG ANH 1 the present simple + S + V(s/es) She likes music S + do/ does + not + V inf She doesn’t like music ?+ do/ does + S + V inf ? Does she like music?[.]
TENSES - CẤU TRÚC VÀ CÁCH DÙNG CÁC THÌ TRONG TIẾNG ANH the present simple + S + V(s/es) She likes music - S + do/ does + not + V-inf She doesn’t like music ?+ do/ does + S + V-inf ? Does she like music? ?- do/ does + S + not + V-inf ? Does she not like music? ?- don’t / doesn’t + S + V-inf ? Doesn’t she like music? the present progressive + S + am/ is/ are + V-ing - S + am/ is/ are + not + V-ing ?+ Am/ Is/ Are + S + V-ing? ?- Am/ is/ are + S + not + V-ing? ?- Isn’t / Aren’t + S + V-ing? They are working They aren’t working Are they working? Are they not working? Aren’t they working? the present perfect + S + have/ has + P2 - S + have/ has + not + P2 ?+ have/ has + S + P2? ?- have/ has + S + not + P2? ?- haven’t/ hasn’t + S + P2? He has played soccer He hasn’t played soccer Has he played soccer? Has he not played soccer? Hasn’t he played soccer? the present perfect progressive + S + have/ has + been + Ving - S + have/ has + not + been + Ving ?+ Have / Has + S + been + Ving? ?- Have / Has + S + Not + been + Ving? ?- Haven’t/ Hasn’t + S + been + Ving? Nga has been learning E for 10 years Nga hasn’t been learning E for 10 years Has Nga been learning E for 10 years? Has Nga not been learning E for 10 years? Hasn’t Nga been learning E for 10 years? the past simple + S + Ved - S + did + not + V-inf ?+ Did + S + V-inf? ?- Did + S + not + V-inf? ?- Didn’t + S + V-inf? He sang last night He didn’t sing last night Did he sing last night? Did he not sing last night? Didn’t he sing last night? the past progressive + S + was / were + Ving - S + was/ were + not + Ving ?+ Was/ Were + S + Ving? ?- Was / Were + S + not + Ving? ?- Wasn’t/ weren’t + S + Ving? She was cooking She wasn’t cooking Was she cooking? Was she not cooking? Wasn’t she cooking? the past perfect + S + had + P2 - S + had + not + P2 ?+ Had + S + P2? ?- Had + S + not + P2? ?- Hadn’t + S + P2? We had met each other We hadn’t met each other Had you met each other? Had you not met each other? Hadn’t you met each other? the past perfect progressive + S + had + been + Ving - S + had + not + been + Ving ?+ Had + S + been + Ving? ?- Had + S + not + been + Ving? ?- Hadn’t + S + been + Ving? She had been working all the night She hadn’t been working all the night Had she been working all the night? Had she not been working all the night? Hadn’t she been working all the night? the future simple + S + will/ shall + V-inf - S + will/ shall + not + V-inf ?+ Will/ shall + S + V-inf? ?- Will/ Shall + S + not + V-inf? ?- Won’t / Shan’t + S + V-inf? He will come to the party He won’t come to the party Will he come to the party? Will he not come to the party? Won’t he come to the party? 10 the future progressive + S + will/ shall + be + Ving - S + will/ shall + not + be + Ving ?+ Will/ shall + S + be + Ving? ?- Will/ Shall + S + not + be + Ving? ?- Won’t/ shan’t + S + be + Ving? They will be holding a party 11 the future in past + S + would/ should + vinf - S + would/ should + not + Vinf ?+ would/ should + S + Vinf? ?- Would/ should + S + not + Vinf? ?- wouldn’t / shouldn’t + S + vinf? She would stay with us 12 the future perfect in past + S + would/ should + have + P2 He would have become a doctor - S + would/ should + not + have + P2 ?+ would/ should + S + have + P2? ?- Would/ should + S + not + have + P2? ?- Wouldn’t/ shouldn’t + S + have + P2? ***USES-CÁCH DÙNG Present simple - diễn tả thói quen, việc lặp lặp lại tại, thường có trạng từ tần suất kèm như: always, usually, often, sometimes, occasionally, rarely/barely/seldom/ scarcely, never; Eg: Mary usually plays sports on weekends I always come to school by car She frequently arrives here before me He never forgets to his homework I often catch the late bus home I play football on Saturdays Once a year I fly back to visit my family in KoreA The classrooms are cleaned every evening after school She sometimes loses her temper, but it doesn't happen very often Do you ever eat in the cafeteria? Does your father speak English every day? - diễn tả điều đúng, chân lý, thật hiển nhiên The sun sets in the West Most babies learn to speak when they are about two years old Water boils at 100° Celsius Trees lose their leaves in the fall Few people live to be 100 years old Wood floats on water Does it snow in the Sahara desert? Do elephants live longer than humans? Money doesn't guarantee happiness - thuật lại thực tế- có tính ổn định (fact) tại, kiểu: địa chỉ, sở thích, nghề nghiệp, sở trường, sở hữu,… I live in Frankfurt She plays football but she doesn't play tennis For breakfast he eats rice and drinks cold milk She works very hard My friend speaks four languages It rains a lot in Germany I don't like horror films! Do you smoke? Does your sister have any children? How much does it cost to buy an apartment in Frankfurt? - dùng với động từ trạng thái, cảm xúc, tinh thần, sở hữu như: Like, love, prefer, hate, dislike, need, want, know, understand, believe, remember, forget, see (hiểu), look (trơng có vẻ), taste (thức ăn-có vị), smell (thức ăn-bốc hơi), have (có), belong to (thuộc về), owe (nợ), etc She likes it in Germany I love lying in bed late on Sunday mornings I need to know right now She says she doesn't know who did it, but I don't believe her He doesn't want to speak to you again This doesn't taste very good, does it? Do you remember the first time we met? Do you smell something funny? Does he understand which way to go? - diễn tả lịch trình tầu xe, phương tiện cơng cộng, thời gian biểu, thời khóa biểu Hurry up! The train departs in 10 minutes I leave Frankfurt at o'clock in the morning and arrive in New York at midnight the next day She has a piano lesson after school today There's no need to hurry The train doesn't leave for another 30 minutes When does the meeting begin? - dùng mệnh đề thời gian tương lai, sau từ: when , whenever ,while , after , before , till , until , as soon as ,etc Eg: She will study abroad before she turns 18 - dùng để kể chuyện, bình luận thể thao…nhằm làm cho kiện có tính mẻ, hấp dẫn In his new film Robert Redford plays the part of a brave cowboy A hot summer’s day; you feel the cool breeze as you slip into the warm embrace of the golden sand A bird sings above you Ronnie passes to Jim, he shoots, he scores! The ball hits the net, and she loses the point - dấu hiệu: đơn thường có trạng từ tần suất kèm (always, usually,etc.), everyday/ every week, on Mondays, once/twice/ three times a week, etc Present progressive - diễn tả việc diễn thời điểm nói xung quanh thời điểm nói, thường kèm thời gian: now, right now, at this/the moment, at present, nowadays, these days, today, etc Eg: She’s cooking now We are writing a book these days - diễn tả việc đặt, lên kế hoạch chắn xảy tương lai gần Eg: She’s getting married next week He’s flying to New York early tomorrow morning - diến tả xu hướng biến đổi More and more people are using their computers to listen to music She’s getting more and more mature - diễn tả việc thường xuyên xảy tại-với thái độ trích, phàn nàn, thường kèm theo always She’s always getting up late He’s always making noise - KHÔNG dùng với động từ trạng thái, cảm xúc, tinh thần, sở hữu như: (phải dùng HT đơn thay thế) Like, love, prefer, hate, dislike, need, want, know, understand, believe, remember, forget, see (hiểu), look (trơng có vẻ), taste (thức ăn-có vị), smell (thức ăn-bốc hơi), have (có), belong to (thuộc về), owe (nợ), etc She likes it in Germany I love lying in bed late on Sunday mornings I need to know right now Past simple - diễn tả hành động, việc xảy khứ, thường kèm thời gian: in + năm, yesterday, last week/month, ago (two years ago), etc - thuật lại chuỗi việc khứ theo trình tự thời gian First I got up, then I had breakfast On Sunday my brother and I went to a nice lake There we met our friends We swam in the warm water and playedvolleyball in the afternoon Too bad that we had to go home in the evening We didn't want to go to school on Monday - dùng số cấu trúc đặc biệt: Câu điều kiện loại : If I were you, I would live in America As if: She speaks as though/ as if she were a doctor As though If only/ Wish (ước muốn khơng có thật ): If only you were here.// I wish i were a small child It is time (đã đến lúc): It is time you came home Would rather / sooner (muốn làm ngay): I would rather you stopped smoking dùng mệnh đề thời gian khứ, sau từ: when, as, before, after, till/ until, etc When he was young, he used to swim a lot - với khứ tiếp diễn, diễn tả việc xảy có hành động khác cắt ngang When he was having a bath, the phone rang Past continuous - diễn tả việc xảy thời điểm xác khứ, thường kèm thời gian: at this time/moment tomorrow, at pm last Sunday, etc - diễn tả xu hướng biến đổi khứ The children were growing up quickly Her English was improving My hair was going grey The town was changing quickly - diễn tả việc lặp lại nhiều lần khứ-với thái động trích phê phán, thường có always, constantly Eg: They were constantly meeting secretly after school They were always quarrelling - với qk đơn, diễn tả việc xảy có hành động khác cắt ngang - không với động từ trạng thái tinh thần, cảm xúC (như ht tiếp diễn) Present perfect - diễn tả việc bắt đầu khứ, kéo dài hoàn tất tại, thường kèm dấu hiệu: for + khoảng thời gian, since + mốc tg/ mệnh đề khứ đơn, just/ only (vừa mới), already (đã rồi), recently/ lately (gần đây), up to now/ until now/ so far/ since then (kể từ đến nay), yet (chưa), never…before/ never (chưa làm trước đây), ever…before (đã làm trước đây), It’s/ This is the + first/second/next/only time/ so sánh + mệnh đề ht Eg: He has just come home He has already finished his report, but he hasn’t had dinner yet This is the first time he has forgot his meal - diễn tả việc bắt đầu khứ, kéo dài tiếp tục Eg: I’ve learnt English for years (Now I’m still learning.) - diễn tả việc xảy khứ không rõ thời gian Eg: I’ve read this novel several times - phân biệt: have been to/ have gone to Have been to-dùng nói đến thăm nơi nào, quay về, khơng cịn nơi nữa; Have gone to-dùng nói đến nơi nào, cịn Eg: I’ve ever been to New York three times before I’m not in Vietnam I’ve gone to New York I’ll come back next week – ý : The last time + HTHT Last time + QKT Eg: It is the last time I have listened her singing Last time I listened her singing, this time I see her performance Present perfect continuous - diễn tả việc bắt đầu qk, kéo dài nhấn mạnh việc tiếp tục They have been staying with us since last week -nhấn mạnh tính liên tục khơng ngừng nghỉ việc, thường có All/ The whole + TG She has been living in Liverpool all her life It's been raining for hours I'm tired I've been working the whole day - nhấn mạnh tính chất mẻ, vừa hoàn tất việc, dấu hiệu The ground looks wet It has been raining for hours Past perfect - diễn tả việc hoàn tất trước mốc tg khứ By 2000, they had lived in Vietnam for 10 years - diễn tả việc hoàn tất trước việc khác khứ Eg: By the time he came, we had finished our party When I arrived in Paris, it had stopped raining, so I didn’t get wet - dấu hiệu: since, for, already, ever-before, never-before, up to the time/ that time, it was the first time/second time, it was the + so sánh nhất, etc Past perfect continuous (tương tự ht tiếp diễn) Future simple - diễn tả định tự phát lúc nói (với I/We) Eg: I don’t know how to use this camera ~ I’ll show you It’s not too confusing - diễn tả phán đoán kinh nghiệm, suy nghĩ cá nhân người nói, khơng có dấu hiệu chắn, thường kèm: I think that/ I believe that/ I suppose that/ I hope that/ I’m sure that… Eg: I believe that she’ll become a genius soon - diễn tả đề xuất, đề nghị, lời mời, sẵn sàng tâm Eg: He will carry all the bags for you (willingness) I will lend you some money if need be Will you come to the dance with me? (invitation) Will you marry me? You will exactly what I’ve said (order) - diễn tả điều hiển nhiên tương lai, điều tất nhiên xảy Spring will come after winter They will upgrade this road soon, it is too bad - Shall dùng với I/We * BE going to + inf: diễn tả ý định làm tương lai gần// diễn tả phán đốn có tính chắn cao, có dấu hiệu bên Eg: I’ve bought some paint I’m going to repaint my room It’s cloudy It’s going to rain soon * Hiện tiếp diễn: diễn tả kế hoạch dàn xếp, chuẩn bị chắn tương lai gần Eg: Mary is getting married to Tom next Sunday * Be about + to V: diễn tả việc xảy rA (nghĩa: đinh, sắp) Eg: He’s about to leave Hanoi this afternoon *Ngồi ra, phán đốn tương lai cịn có: Be likely/certain+ To V =It’s likely/certain that S will V = có thể/ chắn xảy việc Eg: They are likely to build a shopping mall here some next months 10 Future continuous - diễn tả việc xảy thời diểm xác tương lai, xung quanh thời điểm đó, thường có: At this/that time+ tg tương lai, at + giờ+ tg tương lai Eg: At this time next week, they will be holding a big festival - Diễn tả hành động diễn kéo dài liên tục suốt khoảng thời gian tương lai Eg: My parents are going to London, so I will be staying with my grandma for the next weeks - Kết hợp với “still” để hành động xảy cho tiếp tục diễn tương lai Eg: Tomorrow he will still be suffering from his cold - Khơng dùng để diễn tả dự định - KHƠNG dùng với động từ trạng thái, cảm xúc, tinh thần, sở hữu như: (phải dùng TL đơn thay thế) Like, love, prefer, hate, dislike, need, want, know, understand, believe, remember, forget, see (hiểu), look (trơng có vẻ), taste (thức ăn-có vị), smell (thức ăn-bốc hơi), have (có), belong to (thuộc về), owe (nợ), etc 11 Future perfect - diễn tả việc hồn tất mốc tính đến mốc tg TL By + Mốc tg tương lai, S + will have + P2 By + this/the time + S + V(s/es), S + will have + P2 (trong By + this/the time + S + V(s/es) mệnh đề thời gian tương lai) Eg: By next Christmas, Tom will have finished his three-year militery service By the time Lan is 25, she will have studied in England for 10 years 12 future perfect continuous tense Form : S will/ shall + have been + Ving Usage : Thì tương lai hồn thành TL hồn thành tiếp diễn nói chung có cách dùng tương tự hoàn thành hoàn thành tiếp diễn, khác chỗ thời gian tương lai Eg: Lan will have been studying for a year by next May PRACTICE Ex Give correct forms of the verbs, present simple or present progressive (present continuous) Cuckoos (not/ build) nests They (use) nests of other birds You can’t see Tom now He (have) a bath He usually (drink) coffee but today he (drink) tea What she (do) in the evenings? ~ She (play) cards or (watch) TV I won’t go out now as it (rain) and I (not have) an umbrella The next train (leave) the station at 11.30 He usually (speak) so quickly that I (not understand) him Ann (make) a dress for herself at the moment She (make) all her own clothes Harry (wear) his sunglasses today because the sun is very strong 10.Tom can’t have the newspaper because his aunt (read) it 11.I’m busy at this moment I (decorate) my sitting room 12.The kettle (boil) now Shall I make the tea? 13.You (enjoy) yourself or would you like to leave now? ~ I (enjoy) myself very much I (want) to stay to the end 14.How you (get) to work as a rule? ~ I usually (go) by bus but tomorrow I (go) in Tom’s car 15.Why you (put) your coat? ~ I (go) for a walk You (come) with me? ~ Yes, I’d love much to come You (mind) if I bring my dog? 16.How much you (owe) to him? ~ I (owe) him $ ~ You (intend) to pay him? 17.You (belong) to your local library? ~ Yes, I ~ You (read) a lot? ~ Yes quite a lot ~ How often you (change) your books? ~ I (change) one every day 18.Mary usually (learn) languages very quickly but she (not seem) able to learn modern Greek 19.I always (buy) lottery tickets but I never (win) anything 20.What Tom (think) of the Budget? ~ He (think) it’s almost unfair ~ I (agree) with him Ex Give correct forms of the verbs, past simple or past progressive (past continuous) I lit the fire at 6.00 and it (burn) brightly when Tom came in at 7.00 When I arrived, the lecture had already started and the professor (write) on the overhead projector I (make) a cake when the light went out I (have to) finish it in the dark I didn’t want to meet Paul, so when he entered the room I (leave) Unfortunately, when I arrived, Ann just (leave), so we only had time for a few words He (watch) TV when the phone rang very unwillingly he (turn) down the sound and (go) to answer it He was very polite Whenever his wife entered the room, he (stand) up The admiral (play) bowls when he received news of the invasion He (insist) on finishing the game My dog (walk) along quietly when Mr Pitt’s Pekinese attacked him 10.When I arrived she (have) lunch She apologized for starting without me but said that she always (lunch) at 12.30 11.He always (wear) a raincoat and (carry) an umbrella when he walked to the office 12.What you (think) of his last book? ~ I (like) it very much 13.I (share) a flat with him when we were students He always (complain) about my untidiness 14.He suddenly (realize) that he (travel) in the wrong direction 15.He (play) the guitar outside her house when someone opened the window and (throw) out a bucket of water Ex Give correct forms of the verbs The examination papers (score) by machine The students (tell) their results next week Don’t call me between 11.00 and 12.00 We (have) lunch then Alice didn’t see me wave to her She (look) in the other direction My sister (live) in California now She (live) there since 1975 If it (rain) next week, we (not be able) to plant the vegetables I just (come) here I (be) late? What you (do) now? ~ I (clean) my shoes Jane (visit) you last Sunday? ~ I (not know) I (go) camping trip with my brother We (meet) Mary three times last week 10.Everyone (have got) their faults Nobody (be) perfect 11.Why (not/ go) by bus? It’s cheaper 12.You (buy) anything when you (go) shopping with Carter yesterday? 13 That hole on your pullover (get) bigger and bigger 14.He sat at the table but he (not have) anything to eat 15.My mother (worry) about my last exam 16.When I (come), the Browns (have) dinner 17.While Peter (go) fishing, Mary (look) for flowers 18.Their father (mend) the bicycles for them at that time yesterday morning 19.Tom and David (do) their homework ten minutes ago 20.They (have) a test tomorrow Ex Choose the best option to finish each sentence She was thoughtfully looking at him while he a newspaper A read B was reading C has read D has been reading While I the floor, Mrs Paker began cooking A swept B was sweeping C has swept D has been sweeping I a telegram to say that my poor friend is badly ill again A had B have just had C was having D has been having I have lost my key again I things I lose things too often A always lose B am always losing C have always lost D was always losing I Ann at her father’s house twenty years ago and her ever since A met/ have known B was meeting/ knew C met/ knew D.have met/ was working Higher education in the US in 1636 when the first colonists Harvard College A has began/ founded B began/ have founded C began/ founded D was beginning/ have founded When Jack me, I a letter A was phoning/ wrote B phoned/ has been wrting C.phoned/ was writing D has phoned/ was writing He here till he everything A stay/ will B stay/ will not C will stay/ has done D will stay/ doesn’t 10 In case the weather good, they fishing A is/ go B will be/go C will be/ will go D is/ will go 11 By o’clock, they dinner A will have B will be having C will have had D is having 12 By the end of this week, he the translation A will finish B will have finished C will be finishing D is finishing 13 Before you ,I all the work A come/ B will come / will C will come / will have done D come/ will 14 By the time we to the forest, the rain A will get/ will stop B will get/ will have stopped C get/ will stop D get/ will have stopped 15 I think he the letter by this time tomorrow A will answer B will have answered C will be answering D has answered 16 I my report when you entered the hall A made B have been making C was making D have made 17 They the new words yesterday from three to seven A learnt B have been learning C have learnt D were learning 18 She this exercise yesterday at o’clock A wrote B has written C has been writing D was writing 19 My mother often morning exercises A B does C doing D has done 20 She some cakes yesterday at p.m A make B has been making C has made D was making 21 I to the party yesterday A invited B was invited C has been invited D was inviting 22 He a book two days ago, then _it to me A read/gave B has been reading/ giving C was reading/was giving D has read/ given 23 Miss Brown’s telephone when she A rang/ dressed B was ringing/ was dressing D was ringing/ dresses D rang/ was dressing 25 When he into the office, the secretary a crossword puzzle A came/ was doing B was coming/ was doing C was coming/ did D came/ did 26 Why to me while I ? A did you not listen/ was speaking B were you not listening/ was speaking C were you not listening/ spoke D did you not listen/ spoke 28 He for her, but she never _ A was waiting/ was coming B waited / was coming B was waiting/ came D has waited/ comes 29 While I for him to call up, he a good time in the bar A waited/ was having B have waited/ was having C was waiting/ have had D was waiting/ was having 30 They this film twice last week A have seen B saw C have been seeing D were seeing 31 She the picture when I came A painted B has painted C was painting D have been 32 It’s likely that humans in space in the future A travel B will travel C will have traveled D will be traveling 33 It all this week A rained B has rained C was raining D has been raining 34 She a bath at seven o’clock last night A was having B had C has had D has been having 35 She dishes already A was washing B washed C has washed D has been washing 36 They supper when the telephone rang A had B have had C were having D have been having 37 By criticising the firm at the meeting, Leo _his own grave Did you see how furious the boss was? A is digging B dug C has been digging D had dug 38 In my opinion, there might be some problems on the very day the new system _introduced A was B will be C had been D is 39 While she , she the doorbell, then voices A was washing up/ heard B washed up/ has heard C has heard/ was hearing D was washing up/ was hearing 40 “She tea Let’s go to the dinning room” A was making B made C has made D has been making 41 The library by the time I there A had closed/ got B closed/ got C closed/ had got D has closed/ got 42 When my friend ,I an exercise for an hour A was coming/ had been doing B came/ was doing C was coming/ has been doing D came/ had been doing 43 We while he A read/ was eating B were reading/ ate C read/ ate D were reading/ was eating 44 When he ,I in London for a week A arrived/ was living B was living/ has been living B arrived/ has been living C arrived/ had been living 45 Be quiet, please We at the translation and you a lot of noise A are working/ are making B work/ are making B are working/ make D work/ make 46 He always for a walk in the morning A go B is going C goes D going 47 “Where is Jack?” _ “He his girl friend at the station She at 12 o’clock.” A meets/ is coming B is meeting/ comes C meets/ comes D is meeting/ is coming 48 She Is something wrong? A cries B is crying C cry D crying 49 In the morning I little time, so I a shower in the evening A have/ take B am having/ am taking C have/ am taking D am having/ take 50 A decade a period of ten years A describes B is describing C describe D describing 51 This is the second time she _in IT A working B works C is working D has worked 52 She always but nothing to realize her dreams A dreams/ does B is dreaming/ does C dreams/ is doing D is dreaming/ is doing 53 He so suspicious to me at the moment I wonder why A feel B will feel C is feeling D feels 54 Hurry up, Jane! We all for you A wait B are waiting C waiting D are waited 55 Don’t bother her She her French lesson; she always it in the morning A takes/ is taking B is taking/ takes C takes/ takes D is taking/ is taking 56 The living standard Every month, things more expensive A are changing/ are getting B is changing/ get C change/ are getting C changes/ get 57 Tom and Mary for the Netherlands tomorrow A leave B are leaving C leaving D are left 58 I have just started English course, I English grammar A study B studying C am studying D studied 59 Mercury at 357,23 degree Centigrade A boils B is boiling C boiling D boiled 60 It me that they can’t sell their flat A surprises B is surprising C surprising D surprise Ex Give correct forms of the following verbs In all the world, there (be) only 14 mountains that (reach) above 8,000 meters He sometimes (come) to see his parents When I (come) , she (leave) for Dalat ten minutes ago My grandfather never (fly) in an airplane, and he has no intention of ever doing so We just (decide) that we (undertake) the job He told me that he (take) a trip to California the following week I knew that this road (be) too narrow Right now I (attend) class Yesterday at this time I (attend) class Tomorrow I'm going to leave for home When I (arrive) at the airport, Mary (wait) for me 10 Margaret was born in 1950 By last year, she (live) on this earth for 55 years 11 The traffic was very heavy By the time I (get) to Mary's party, everyone already (arrive) 12 I will graduate in June I (see) you in July By the time I (see) you, I (graduate) 13 I (visit) my uncle's home regularly when I (be) a child 14 That book (be) on the table for weeks You (not read) it yet? 15 David (wash) his hands He just (repair) the TV set 16 You (be) here before? Yes, I (spend) my holidays here last year 17 We never (meet) him We don't know what he (look) like 18 The car (be) ready for him by the time he (come) tomorrow 19 On arriving at home I (find) that she just (leave) a few minutes before 20 When we (arrive) in London tonight, it probably (rain) 21 It (rain) harD We can't anything until it (stop) 22 Last night we (watch) TV when the power (fail) 23 That evening we (stay) up to talk about the town where he (live) for some years 24 I (sit) down for a rest while the shoes (repair) 25 Half way to the office, Paul (turn) round and (go) back home because he (forget) to turn the gas off 26 London (change) a lot since we first (come) to live here 27 While we (talk) on the phone, the children (start) fighting and (break) a window 28 He used to talk to us for hours about all the interesting things he (do) in his life 29 You know she (stand) looking at that picture for the last twenty minutes 30 I (spend) a lot of time travelling since I (get) this new job 31 When we (be) at school we all (study) Latin 32 When I (meet) him, he (work) as a waiter for a year 33 After he (finish) breakfast, he (sit) down to write some letters 34 She (have) a hard life, but she's always smiling 35 Many girls want to go to the pub, only a minority (want) to watch TV at home now EX 6: Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the same meaning as the given one Eight years ago we started writing to each other A We have rarely written to each other for eight years B Eight years is a long time for us to write to each other C We wrote to each other eight years ago D We have been writing to each other for eight years The boy was so lazy that he couldn't stay up late to learn his lessons A The boy was lazy enough not to stay up late to learn his lessons B The boy was too lazy to stay up late to learn his lessons C The boy was lazy enough but he stayed up late to learn his lessons D The boy was lazy enough to stay up late to learn his lessons My brother is tired of seeing any action films A My brother hasn't seen an action film B My brother has enjoyed all the action films he has ever seen C My brother is worried about missing the next action film D My brother never wants to see another action film As soon as he waved his hand, she turned away A He saw her turn away and he waved his hand B No sooner had he waved his hand than she turned away C She turned away because he waved his hand too early D Although she turned away, he waved his hand John wishes he had remembered to send Mary a Christmas card A John regrets not to send Mary a Christmas card B John regrets forgetting not to send Mary a Christmas card C John regrets not remembering sending Mary a Christmas card D John regrets forgetting to send Mary a Christmas card My father hasn't smoked cigarettes for a month A It's a month since my father last smoked cigarettes B It's a month ago that my father smoked cigarettes C It's a month that my father hasn't smoked cigarettes D It's a cigarette that my father smoked a month ago Having finished their work, the workers expected to be paid A The workers expected to be paid because they had finished their work B Having their work finishing, the workers expected to be paid C Having expected to be paid, the workers finished their work 10 D Having been finished their work, the workers expected to be paid Mr Brown bought this car five years ago A Mr Brown started to buy this car for five years B It has been five years when Mr Brown has bought this car C Mr Brown has had this car for five years D It is five years ago since Mr Brown has bought this car John used to write home once a week when he was abroad A John doesn't write home once a week any longer B John enjoyed being written home every week when he was abroad C John never forgot to write a weekly letter home when he was abroad D When he was abroad he remembered to write home every week 10 I haven't enjoyed myself so much for years A It's years since I enjoyed myself so much B It's years since I have enjoyed myself so much C It was years since I had enjoyed myself so much D It has been years since I have enjoyed myself so much EX Choose the correct answer This is the second time I _that song A am hearing B have heard C hear Hello, I about your advertisement in the newspaper A have been calling John B am calling B is putting The new neighbors Fred C were painting C has put D has been putting D have painted me yesterday that they’re professional athletes A told B has told Apparently, he them since he was a child A knows B is knowing C was telling D had told C has known D has been knowing for my sunglasses since noon, but I can’t find them A am looking B looked When the children _ C have looked D have been looking home, it was obvious that they had been playing in mud A arrived B were arriving C had arrived D had been arriving _in the queue to buy a ticket for the train when he heard a strange voice A waited B was waiting 10 The thieves houses for two years before they were finally caught A broke into B were breaking into D have been breaking into 11 As time goes by, he A becomes D have called their house It looks nice A paintB had painted Michael C call on a bit of weight lately, and he is trying to lose it A puts I D heard C had waited D was going to wait C had been breaking into _more and more eccentric B is becoming C has become D has been becoming 11 12 Kathy can’t go shopping with me next Saturday morning She _ A has B is going to have 13 I C will have a French lesson D will be having _the living room by the time Dad comes home He so surprised A will paint/will be B will be painting/is C will have painted/will be D will have painted/is 14 It’s the coldest winter we A ever experience in Greece B ever experienced D have ever experienced 15 When he was younger, he A was used to going 16 They the cinema every week B used to go _for a mile when they _ A had walked/ had realized/ was C had been walking/ realized/ was 17 As part of my job, I A travel/ need C were ever experiencing C was going D had gone that someone _ missing B had been walking/ realized/ had been abroad a lot, so I B am travelling/ need D had walked/ had realized/ had been to improve my English C am travelling/ am needing D travel/ am needing 18 I at my mother’s house this week because I _my house painted A sleep/ have B am sleeping/ have C sleep/ am having D am sleeping/ am having 19 I _you should buy him a tie He _ _to dress formally A am thinking/ likes B think/likes C think/ is liking D am thinking/ has liked 20 As a teenager, I things my parents _of A would do/ didn’t approve B used to do/ weren’t approving C used to do/ didn’t approve D would do/ weren’t approving 21 “Hurry up! We’re waiting for you What’s taking you so long?” “I _for an important phone call Go ahead and leave without me.” A waitB will wait C am waiting D have waited 22 Robert is going to be famous someday He _ ~ I’m sure he’ll be a star A has been appearing 23 Where’s Polly? ~She A is in her room studying B had appeared in three movies already C has appeared D appeared B in her room is studying C studies in her room D has in her room studied 24 Hello? Alice? This is Jeff How are you? ~ Jeff? What a coincidence! I when the phone rang about you 12 A was just thinking 25 What B just thought C have just been thinking D was just thought about the new simplified tax? ~It’s more confusing than the old one A are you thinking B you think C have you thought 26 When is Mr Fields planning to retire? ~ Soon, I think He D have you been thinking here for a long time He’ll probably retire next year or the year after that A worked B had been working C has been working 27 Why did you buy all this sugar and chocolate? ~ I A make B will make D is working _ a delicious dessert for dinner tonight C am going to make D will have made 28 Let’s go! What’s taking you so long? ~ I’ll be there as soon as I _ my keys A found B will find 29 Next week when there A is being D am finding a full moon, the ocean tides sill be higher B is 30 While I C find C will be D will have been _ TV last night, a mouse ran across the floor A watch B watched C was watching 31 Fish were among the earliest forms of life Fish A existed B are existing 32 The phone D am watching on earth for ages and ages C exist D have existed _constantly since Jack announced his candidacy for president this morning A has been ringing 33 The earth _ A is depend B rang C had rung _on the sun for its heat and light B depending 34 I don’t feel good I A am staying D had been ringing C has depended D depends C will have stayed D stayed at home tomorrow B stay 35 Today there are weather satellites that beam down information about the earth’s atmosphere In the last two decades, space exploration great contributions to weather forecasting A is making B has made C made th 36 On July 20 , 1969, Astronaut Neil Armstrong D makes down onto the moon, the first person ever to set foot on another celestial body A was stepping B stepped C has stepped D was step 37 The plane’s departure was delayed because of mechanical difficulties When the weary passengers finally boarded the aircraft, many were annoyed and irritable because they for three and a half hours A are waiting B were waiting C have been waiting in the airport D had been waiting 38 If coastal erosion continues to take place at the present rate in another fifty years, this beach _ any more 13 A doesn’t exist B isn’t going to exist C isn’t existing 39 Homestead High School’s football team _ D won’t be existing a championship until last season, when the new coach led them to take first place in their league A has never won B is never winning C had never been winning D had never won 40 To be able to qualify as an interpreter, many years of intensive language study are required for non-native speakers By the end of this year, Chen _English for three years, but he will still need more training and experience before he masters the language A will be studying B has studied D has been studying 41 In our hospital, patients A are examined 42 I every morning B have examined B live 43 I wondered why he B changes 44 The department store _ A has been run B had watched B was increasing 50 Tim A had appeared 51 They A have locked D had changed C runs D has run C will have watched D watched C have increased D were increasing for you at o’clock tomorrow B will be waiting C wait D are waiting _the country by the time this letter reaches her B will leave 49 By this time next year, my father _ A are going to work C used to change for the last ten years 47 Don’t worry! We _ A is going to leave D have been living 10 comedies this summer 46 The number of footballers 48 Mary C lived by the Johnson for many years B is run A has watched A will wait D were examining his joB A has changed A has increased C can examine in Can Tho for 18 years, but now I’m living in Ho Chi Minh City A have lived 45 Kate C will have been studying C is leaving D will have left here for 25 years B will be working C will have been working D will work _in three movies already I think he’ll be a star someday B has appeared C was appearing D is appearing C locked D lock _the door No one can get in now B had locked 52 The existence of many stars in the sky us to suspect that there may be life on another planet 14 A have led 53 They B leads D leading the town hall for the past three years in fact, but they A built/ hadn’t finished B has graduated it yet B had built/ didn’t finish C have been building/ haven’t finished 54 When I met Jim, he graduated C lead D have built/ weren’t finishing from his university already C had graduated D was graduating 15