CHUYỀN ĐỀ 06 TÌM TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA TRÁI NGHĨA Dạng bài tìm từ đồng nghĩa và trái nghĩa thường dễ ăn điểm nếu chúng ta biết rõ nghĩa của từ, nhưng cũng rất dễ mất điểm vì sự nhầm nghĩa Do đó, ngoài việc bạ[.]
CHUYỀN ĐỀ 06 TÌM TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA-TRÁI NGHĨA Dạng tìm từ đồng nghĩa trái nghĩa thường dễ ăn điểm biết rõ nghĩa từ, dễ điểm nhầm nghĩa Do đó, ngồi việc bạn phải có kiến thức rộng từ vựng, phương pháp làm hữu ích cho bạn muốn giành điểm tuyệt đối dạng Phương pháp làm Bước 1: Đọc kỹ đề Đọc kỹ yêu cầu đề để biết tìm từ đồng nghĩa (CLOSEST) hay trái nghĩa (OPPOSITE) Sẽ thật tiếc hiểu nhầm đề nên chọn nhầm đáp án, hiểu hết nghĩa câu hỏi lựa chọn cho sẵn Lẽ chọn từ đồng nghĩa lại khoanh từ trái nghĩa, ngược lại Bước 2: Tìm nghĩa từ Bình thường, bạn phải tìm nghĩa bốn từ vựng (một từ/ cụm từ in đậm câu cho sẵn bốn từ/ cụm từ tương ứng với bốn lựa chọn) Thật tốt bạn biết hết nghĩa bốn từ việc tìm đáp án q dễ dàng Nhưng khơng, bạn biết nghĩa từ/ cụm từ nào, bạn lọc trước Lúc này, bạn cần phải đoán nghĩa từ bạn Trường hợp 1: Biết nghĩa từ cho sẵn đề từ cần chọn lại khó Phần khó từ đơn, bạn đốn nghĩa từ khó cách tìm xem thuộc từ loại tạo thành từ từ gốc Đồng thời, dựa vào nghĩa từ cho sẵn câu để suy luận đáp án Để tránh bị điểm dạng câu này, bạn nên cải thiện vốn từ vựng tốt Trường hợp 2: Biết nghĩa lựa chọn, nghĩa từ cho sẵn đề Để làm câu này, bạn dựa vào nghĩa bốn lựa chọn ngữ cảnh câu để suy đoán nghĩa từ in đậm Thường bốn lựa chọn có lựa chọn đồng nghĩa với từ cho sẵn câu yêu cầu từ trái nghĩa, ngược lại có lựa chọn trái nghĩa với từ cho sẵn đề yêu cầu tìm từ đồng nghĩa Kết hợp ngữ cảnh câu cho sẵn để tìm đáp án Choose the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following sentences Doing morning exercises is an (a) exciting activity for students A boring B happy C hard D interesting Our teacher remembers all of my classmates’ birthday A gives B forgets C asks D has The room is very untidy, so I have to clean it up A messy B clean C crazy D interesting In front of my school, there is a big park, so we can go for a walk after school A In the middle of B Behind C Under D Between Nam is very independent He lived by himself when he was 15 years old A free B reliable C dependable D dependent Ha Anh always gets up early, so she is usually early for school A late B hard C on time D at work I’ve just had a terrible thought He may never come back from the battle field A awful B horrible C fantastic D dreadful The law protects ancient monuments and old churches A modern B old C traditional D historic Food in this country is getting very expensive A fresh B rare C overpriced D cheap 10 My computer is noticeably slower than before A faster B lower C shorter D higher 11 He took off my wet boots and made me sit by the fire A went on B moved on C put on D carried on 12 The hotel is in a quiet location near the sea A silent B peaceful C tranquil D busy 13 Thank God, you’re here is a very entertaining comedy programme based on an Australian TV show A interesting B unhappy C sad D boring 14 Can you please turn up the volume? I can't hear anything A turn on B turn off C turn down D turn into 15 My brother wants to become a professional swimmer, so he practices swimming every day A lazy B poor C bad D amateurish 16 Linh often wastes money in buying clothes that she just wears a few times A spends B pays C saves D makes 17 Lan enjoys living in the country side because it is very quiet A silent B noisy C loud D peaceful C dirty D dangerous 18 Melbourne is quite a safe city to live in A peaceful B secure 19 My friend is givens mart phone as a present on her 12th birthday A quick B modern C old D stupid 20 Modern technology has now improved our life in all aspects A updated B advanced C outdated D new 21 Tigers, polar bears and giant pandas are among endangered species and need to be protected A saved B conserved C guarded D destroyed 22 Our children and grandchildren might not have a green world to live in if we keep polluting the environment A fresh B clean C dirty D friendly 23 Baymax is a doctor robot in the film "Big Hero 6" and he is very intelligent and friendly A nice B kind C lovely D unfriendly 24 New robots which are made recently are really intelligent and they can many things to help people A smart B wise C stupid D bright 25 He is so generous that he often pays for our drink A mean B kind C nice D reliable 26 We are always prepared to help the poor and the needy A willing B ready C unwilling D polite 27 Local people in this national have a lot of strange customs and traditions A regional B foreign C provincial D native 28 Natural disasters cause devastating damages to humans' life A innate B instinctive C artificial D sudden 29 Although I have walked all day, I still feel energetic A strong B exhausted C healthy · D bored C friendly D careless 30 Jim is an intelligent and artistic student A stupid B bad 31 Minh bas passed the entrance examination to a very famous lower secondary school A failed B taken C done D sit 32 Did you forget to lock the door before going to school this morning? A learn B fail C remember D miss 33 She had worked hard and was confident of success A belief B failure C tradition D result 34 I didn’t expect the children to jump for joy at their uncle’s return A happiness B delight C bliss D grief 35 My teacher is very generous to give us good marks A unfriendly B mean C serious D friendly 36 Minh Anh is a really hard-working student She always finishes all of the homework before class A lazy B easy C shy D difficult 37 Your mother will be very proud when she sees you here A excited B disappointed C happy D worried C worried about D good at 38 I’m fed up with playing football now A tired of B excited about 39 Although he had a lot of money, he was far from happy A pleased B unhappy C relaxed D hard-working 40 It’s up to me to decided whether I should my homework or go out to play sports A I can decide B I have no choice C I wonder D I am uncertain 41 Although they are not forced to, American still volunteer when they have time A compulsory B optional C busy D free 42 Last winter, we gave away a lot of warm clothes to homeless people in Hanoi A kept B presented C took D donated 43 Photography is not very popular among students in Vietnam A common B uncommon C exciting D interesting 44 Tu is unhappy because his father can’t take him to the cinema A sad B glad C calm D interested 45 Drinking at least liters of water a day is good for your physical and mental health A healthy B unhealthy C beneficial D great 46 Eating a balanced diet and doing regular exercises are the keys to good health A button B good C necessary D not important 47 In Vietnamese schools, students are sometimes punished if they don’t their homework A given B rewarded C taught D educated 48 English is used in different fields such as communication, education and transportation A many B various C only one D difficult 49 Mr Huy used to ride his motorbike dangerously A riskily B safely C carelessly D annoyingly C noisy D gentle 50 Hanoi is clean and peaceful A quite B restful 51 It stars Jamie Lee Curtis as a school teacher who fall in love with the killer A hand up B move up C fall out D sit down 52 Lots of people find his behavior in the movie confusing A difficult B complicated C clear D blue 53 During their concert, Cold play stirred up the crowd in nearly hours with their hit songs A hand up B move up C settle D sit down C dislike D fond of 54 We are so into the music played by him A enjoy B excite about 55 No need to hurry – you’ve got plenty of time A same amount B less C little D few 56 You cannot grow crops on exhausted land A used B fertile C empty D nutritious 57 The Segway is becoming more popular these days A attractive B suitable C likeable D uncommon 58 Red minibuses often provide more convenient transport for rides A suitable B unpleasant C good D available 59 Why are slums in Hanoi less visible than in other rapidly growing cities? A messy houses B old square C poor conditions D luxury flats 60 It is said overcrowded cities are more likely to be affected by violence A full B empty C overpopulated D crammed 61 In our project, we encourage people to recycle glass, cans and paper A prevent B force C make D provide 62 Today I worked very hard, so I think I will sleep in tomorrow A get up late B get up early C sleepless D oversleep C last D scariest 63 This is the worst meal I’ve ever eaten A best B first 64 Dinosaurs were the giant creatures that became extinct long time ago A tiny B scary C enormous D scary 65 The Glastonbury Festival is the most well-known festival in the UK A famous B unpopular C common D favourite 66 Day of Dead is considered one weird festival A unusual B uncommon C strange D popular 67 New cars will help you keep track of your health by reminding you to take medicine A follow B record C observe D ignore 68 The new car park will make shopping much more convenient A favorable B unpleasant C good D acceptable 89 I find reading comics very engrossing because I can read the plot and see the pictures at the same time A attractive B difficult C boring D useful 70 Crossing the road in Hanoi is very dangerous so you have to be very careful A unsafe B safe C risky D safety C same D normal 71 It was strange to hear her voice again A unusual B familiar 72 The Australian Curriculum explains what all young Australians should be taught A course B subjects C interests D set of courses 73 She’s a sociable child who loves to talk to anyone A outgoing B anti-social C talkative D unfriendly 74 Billy is an amateur musician He spends most of his free-time playing the guitar and composing new songs with his school band A knowledgeable B professional C talented D well-educated 75 She’s a sociable child who loves to talk to anyone A outgoing B anti-social C lovely D unfriendly 76 The King was not brave enough to protect his kingdom and let the monster take the Princess away A courageous B confident C strong D coward 77 The majority of The Viet lives along the Red River and The Mekong Delta A a half B all C minority D none 78 Gong is considered a unique musical instrument of Tay Nguyen people A rare B special C typical D common 79 He is the offspring of a chemist and a nurse His intelligence is inherited from them A partner B friend C ancestor D neighbor 80 Vy broke with the family tradition and chose to be a singer instead of being a teacher A united B followed C connected D joined 81 By floating candles and joss-sticks, people believe that good luck will be shared A misfortune B future C health D wealth 82 Come and join us at our local festival this weekend I’m sure you won’t regret it A international B cultural C traditional D ritual 83 Keeping animals in these poor conditions is unbelievable cruel A friendly B legendary C bad D kind-hearted 84 That old man is famous for being so mean You can hardly take a penny from him A generous B curious C annoying D money-saving 85 From 1856 to 1875, a remarkable variety of inventions was produced A collection B diversity C number D limitation 86 If the teacher were here now, we would ask her the difference between “technology” and “science” A indifference B strength C similarity D familiarity 87 Two years ago, the reduction in water and noise pollution in this city was dramatic A impressive B normal C marked D traditional 88 Because warmer water has less oxygen in it, it can harm fish populations and cause harmful algal blooms A support B reduce C contaminate D illustrate 89 When you get inside the spacious café, you will find yourself among various wooden puzzles and games A large B haunted C symbolic D small 90 The truth about these castles, which are haunted by ghosts, is still puzzling, so many people still make question about them A interested B clear C confusing D questioning 91 The winds were so strong that trees, cars and even houses were picked up and carried for miles A stood still B damaged C put out D made up 92 We cannot prevent natural disasters, but we can prepare for them A avoid B stop C allow D predict 93 About one million Welshmen still speak their native language A original B natural C folk D other 94 It is said that a large army of young Canadians lonxs for knowledge, but it is not easy to obtain it with the heavy cost of education A dislikes B desires C craves D looks for 95 Robot is able to dangerous things that human can’t A capable of doing C have ability to B incapable of doing D ought to 96 Technology can be very useful in classroom It helps studying become more relaxing A advantages B useless C suitable D interesting 97 My grandmother is so far-sighted She can’t read the newspaper without glasses A short-sighted B brief-sighted C low-sighted D none of the above 98 Things got a bit out of hand at the party and four windows were broken A out of control B under control C under pressure D under the condition 99 The sight of too many telephone poles, advertising billboards, overhead power times, or shop signs may cause visual pollution A contamination B population C cleanness D eruption 100 Because warmer water has less oxygen in it, it can harm aquatic populations A destroy B protect C raise D increase 101 The International Organizations are going to be in a temporary way in the country A soak B complicated C permanent D guess 102 The US troops are using much more sophisticated weapons in the Far East A expensive B complicated C simple and easy to use D difficult to operate 103 She had a cozy little apartment in Boston A uncomfortable B warm C lazy D dirty 104 He was so insubordinate that he lost his job within a week A fresh B disobedient C obedient D understanding 105 There is growing concern about the way man has destroyed the environment A ease B attraction C consideration D speculation 106 Unluckily, the main tourist attraction was lost when the small town was burned down in an accidental fire A done on purpose B made by chance C happening unexpectedly D coming to an end 107 They left their first temporary home last week when the overcrowded camp ran out of fresh water and space A country B familiar C permanent D expensive 108 Someone who can think fast and make decisions easily is said to be brilliant A smart B cheerful C stupid D successful 109 What he said made her feel even more tense. A relaxing B boring C stressful D awful 110 You should follow these simple strategies to overcome stress A control B get over C manage 111 I don't think dropping out of school is a good idea. D fail A going on D running away B giving up C leaving out 112 And in 1891, the shy Marie, with very little money to live on, came to Paris to continue her studies at the Sorbonne A go out B die away C come down D get over 113 I could see the finish line and thought I was home and dry A hopeless B hopeful C successful D unsuccessful 114 What music is serious and traditional Western European music? A uncommon B incorrect C impossible D irregular 115 Although it is a long day for us, we feel we are contented with what we have experienced A interested B dissatisfied C excited D shocked 116 The shop assistant has to break off the conversation to serve a customer A interrupt B hurry C continue D begin 117 The villa is so beautiful but it cost him an arm and a leg A expensive B invaluable C costly D cheap 118 People have eliminated poverty and hunger in many parts of the world A created B eradicated C phased out D wiped out 119 After a very short time, this kind of music becomes wildly popular among the youth A appealing B attractive C unknown D common 120 Many people who volunteer work think they are more fortunate than others A lucky B blessed C unlucky D uncomfortable 121 They always look down on people who are poor A admire B adore C respect D dislike 122 They pulled down the building because it was very old A preserved B rebuilt C destroyed D set up 123 You should not wear casual clothes to the interview The first impression is very important A new B informal C neat D formal 124 If you book tickets early, you can get a discount A award B prize C deduction D increase 125 There are 1.6 billion tourists roaming the world, and the impact of tourism can be devastating A disastrous B nondestructive C ruinous D devastative 126 "Green" tourists or "eco-tourists" are upset by the effects of mass tourism A tense B troubled C nervous D relaxed 127 Their migration may be postponed if fog, clouds, rain hides the stars A cancelled B spoiled C continued D endangered 128 Primary education in the United States is compulsory A selective B optional C required D free of charge 129 The company is very successful in releasing a new customer driven product, which contains no artificial colors A artful B false C natural D factitious 130 Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island The islanders even exported the surplus A large quantity B. small quantity C. excess D. sufficiency 131. Look at the illustrations of different parts of a computer system A together B pure C average D similar 132 The best time to visit is during the dry season, from October to April when the hard forest rain is over A wet B engaging C obvious D cordial 133 I always admire my uncle as he is a policeman A look up to B look up C look down on D turn down 134 It will cost a lot if we don’t pay attention to solving the water pollution here A care B understand C consider D ignore 135 He tried to find a way of bettering their lives A worsening B chilly C achieving D improving 136 His career in the illicit drug trade ended with the police raid this morning A elicited B irregular C secret D legal 137 The church is quite an ancient building A old B fresh C historic D modern 138 She’s been trying to find a good job in the city and she’s finally succeeded A stopped B failed C lost D managed 139 The Ministry of Health is carrying out a health project for the poor in mountainous regions and rural areas A urban ` B mountainous C suburban D coastal 140 Our children must attend some acceptable school during the years of compulsory education A advisory B inspirational C commercial D voluntary 141 If we had taken his sage advice, we wouldn't be in so much trouble now A unwilling B clever C unwise D eager 142 When you put on clothing or make-up, you place it on your body in order to wear it A take off B look after C wash up D get on 143 My mother often tells me never to accept a lift from someone I've just met! A assist B deny C refuse D prevent 144 When you bought that new computer a couple of years ago, you probably thought its 500-megabyte hard disk would last forever A certainly B absolutely C possibly D generally 145 The spoken language differs considerably from the written language A greatly B a lot C very little D similarly 146 In some rural areas, English is an optional subject for school children A compulsory B interesting C voluntary D academic 147 Fresh water is very important to life because no one can live without it Yes it is one of the limited and most endangered natural resources on our planet A Clean B Drinkable C Polluted D Running 148 One way to protect our environment from pollution is to reduce wasteful consumption A costly B excessive C safe D economical 149 Playing computer games for too long is not good for our eyesight A careful B effective C harmful D enormous 150 It was getting late, so we hurriedly gathered all our things and ran home A leisurely B quickly C joyfully D mutually FURTHER PRACTICE Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions The problem is due to discipline, or, more precisely, the lack of discipline, in schools A informally B flexibly C casually D wrongly True friendship is not common and there are many people who seem incapable of it A prevalent B superior C unique D temporary If you are at a loose end this weekend, I will show you round the city A free B confident C occupied D reluctant Susan lost her head when she suddenly woke up and saw the house on fire A kept calm B became panic C lost control D get confused Henry has found a temporary job in a factory A eternal B genuine C permanent D satisfactory Mr Smith’s new neighbors appear to be very friendly A amicable B inapplicable C hostile D futile The consequences of the typhoon were disastrous due to the lack of precautionary measures A damaging B beneficial C severe D physical There should be new measures to discourage car use in favor of public transport A prevent B encourage C disapprove D disconnect In one well-known test, women and men were able to distinguish by smell alone clothing worn by their marriage partners from similar clothing worn by other people A become aware B puzzle C recall D miss 10 Other characters may think that a problem is inexplicable, but Poe’s detective, Auguste Dupin, finds it easy to understand A boring B mysterious C evident D simple 11 The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important A explicit B implicit C obscure D odd 10 12 Due to an increase in population and the use of nearby land for farming, there are toxic levels of chemicals in the water A drop B lowness C shortage D illness 13 They have not made any effort to integrate with the local community A cooperate B put together C separate D connected 14 There has been insufficient rainfall over the past two years, and farmers are having trouble A adequate B unsatisfactory C limited D dominant 15 I don’t like the way he refers to his problems obliquely A directly B indirectly C politely D impolitely 16 My little daughter would spend an inordinate amount of time in the shop, deciding exactly which comics she was going to buy A excessive B limited C required D abundant 17 Thousands are going starving because of the failure of this year’s harvest A hungry B poor C rich D full 18 I’d like to install some money into my bank account A withdraw some money from B put some money into C give some money out D leave some money aside 19 The relationship between structure, process and outcome is very unclear A disappear B external C apparent D uncertain 20 The situation in the country has remained relatively stable for a few months now A constant B changeable C objective D ignorant 21 We offered a speedy and secure service of transferring money in less than 24 hours A uninterested B unsure C open D slow 22 The clubs meet on the last Thursday of every month in a dilapidated palace A furnished B regenerated C renovated D neglected 23 There has been discernible improvement in the noise levels since lorries were banned A insignificant B clear C distinguishable D thin 24 In remote communities, it’s important to replenish stocks before the winter sets in A empty B refill C repeat D remake 25 Population growth rates vary among regions and even among countries within the same region A stay unchanged B remain unstable C fluctuate D restrain 26 In some countries, the disease burden could be prevented through environmental improvements A something to suffer B something enjoyable C something sad D something to entertain 27 After five days on trial, the court found him innocent of the crime and he was released A innovative B benevolent C guilty D naïve 28 Affluent families find it easier to support their children financially A Wealthy B Impoverished C Privileged D Well-off 29 Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island The islanders even exported the surplus A large quantity B small quantity C excess D sufficiency 30 There is growing concern about the way man has destroyed the environment A ease B attraction C consideration D speculation 31 The Green Party have called for a substantial reduction in the emission of greenhouse gases by the UK A gradual B small C significant D huge 32 We went through the report thoroughly but the information we wanted wasn’t given anywhere A repeatedly B completely C slowly D carelessly 33 She called me this morning at the office and we had a brief chat A lengthy B friendly C short D private 34 Around one corner A hundred goats suddenly appeared, in no apparent hurry to let us by A paraded B left C vanished D showed up 35 Global warming is one of the major problems facing our planet A common B minor C important D serious 36 If we view the problem from a different angle, a solution may become more obvious A practical B straightforward C noticeable D unclear 11 37 If you’re willing to fly at night, you can get a much cheaper ticket A unprepared B ready C happy D reluctant 38 People should have the courage to stand up for their beliefs A weakness B cowardice C power D bravery 39.I find it hard to work at home because there are too many distractions A unawareness B unconcern C attention D carelessness 40 He hoped the company would help him in finding stable accommodation A poor B permanent C short-term D suitable (Cảm ơn quý thầy cô tin tưởng sử dụng tài liệu Quang Nguyễn Facebook & Zalo NQT 0339981186 chủ) Trân trọng cảm ơn! 12