Bsi bs en 50588 1 2015 + a1 2016

BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 BSI Standards Publication Medium power transformers 50 Hz, with highest voltage for equipment not exceeding 36 kV Part 1: General requirements BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 It supersedes BS EN 50464-1:2007+A1: 2012 and BS EN 50541-1:2011 which are withdrawn BSI, as a member of CENELEC, is obliged to publish EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 as a British Standard However, attention is drawn to the fact that during the development of this European Standard the UK committee voted against its approval as a European standard The UK committee submitted a negative vote for the following reasons: a) This standard is not applicable to transformers for tram systems, which have the same, or similar, operating characteristics to railways The UK committee is of the opinion that the relevant exclusion in clause should read ‘transformers and auto-transformers specifically designed for railway and other traction feeding systems’ b) The UK committee advises that the de-energised tapping range for single-phase liquid immersed transformers with Sr ≤ 100 kVA should be ≤ 7,5 % as this is the limit for pad-mounted transformers in the United Kingdom The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by  The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/14, Power Transformers A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017 ISBN 978 580 97536 ICS 29.180 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2017 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected BS EN 50588-1:2015 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50588-1 50588-1:2015+A1 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM June 2015 ICS 29.180 Supersedes EN 50464-1:2007, EN 50541-1:2011 English Version Medium power transformers 50 Hz, with highest voltage for equipment not exceeding 36 kV - Part 1: General requirements Transformateurs 50 Hz de moyenne puissance, de tension la plus élevée pour le matériel ne dépassant pas 36 kV Partie 1: Exigences générales Mittelleistungstransformatoren 50 Hz, mit einer höchsten Spannung für Betriebsmittel nicht über 36 kV - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2015-06-25 CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2015 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members Ref No EN 50588-1:2015 E BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 Contents Foreword���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1 Scope� �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Normative references��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Terms and definitions  � ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Environmental classes�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Electrical characteristics����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 5.1 Highest voltages for equipment for winding with U m > 1,1 kV� ������������������������������� 5.2 Rated voltage for winding with U m ≤ 1,1 kV���������������������������������������������������������� 5.3 Tapping��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 5.4 Connection designations for three phase transformers����������������������������������������� Load loss, no load loss, PEI, sound power level, short-circuit impedance�������������������� 10 6.1 General������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 10 6.2 Transformers with rated power S r ≤ 150 kVA��������������������������������������������������� 11 6.2.1 General information������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 11 6.2.2 One winding with U m ≤ 24 kV and the other one with U m ≤ 1,1 kV � ���������� 12 6.2.3 Load loss and no load loss in case of other insulation level�������������������� 14 6.2.4 Load loss and no load loss in case of dual voltage��������������������������������� 14 6.2.5 Three winding transformers for PV applications � ������������������������������������� 15 6.3 Transformers with rated power 150 kVA < S r < 40 000 kVA������������������������������ 15 6.4 Transformers with special requirements������������������������������������������������������������� 17 6.4.1 Rated power not included in the list� ������������������������������������������������������� 17 6.4.2 Transformers equipped with tapping connections suitable for operation while transformer is energised or on load and rated power S r ≤ 150 kVA � ���������������������������������������������������������������������������� 17 6.4.3 6.4.4 PEI values for single-phase liquid immersed transformers with S r ≤ 100 kVA������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 19 Liquid immersed pole mounted transformers������������������������������������������ 18 7 Tolerances� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 19 7.1 Tolerances during factory acceptance tests � ������������������������������������������������������� 19 7.1.1 General������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 19 7.1.2 Transformers subject to maximum losses����������������������������������������������� 19 7.1.3 Transformers subject to minimum PEI���������������������������������������������������� 19 Tolerances for Market surveillance � �������������������������������������������������������������������� 19 7.2 7.2.1 Acceptance criteria�������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 19 7.2.2 Transformers subjected to max losses��������������������������������������������������� 20 7.2.3 Transformers subjected to PEI��������������������������������������������������������������� 20 7.3 Uncertainties for market surveillance verification � ����������������������������������������������� 20 Rating plate � ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 21 9 Tests�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 21 9.1 Routine tests����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 21 9.2 Type tests��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 21 9.3 Special tests� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 21 9.4 Special test for corrugated tank������������������������������������������������������������������������� 21 9.4.1 General information������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 21 9.4.2 Temperature variation���������������������������������������������������������������������������� 22 BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 9.4.3 Sealing temperature������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 22 9.4.4 Calculation of the volume variation� �������������������������������������������������������� 22 9.4.5 Test procedure  � �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 22 Other technologies with level of no load loss AAA 0 � �������������������������������������������� 23 9.5 10 Design requirements� �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 23 10.1 Liquid immersed transformers � ��������������������������������������������������������������������������� 23 10.1.1 Type of liquid preservation system and degree of sealing����������������������� 23 10.1.2 Terminal markings��������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 23 10.1.3 Terminations������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 24 10.1.4 Distance between bushings������������������������������������������������������������������� 24 10.1.5 Rollers� �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 24 10.2 Dry-type transformers���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 24 10.2.1 Terminals � ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 24 10.2.2 Enclosure���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 24 11 Accessories � ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 25 11.1 Liquid immersed transformers � ��������������������������������������������������������������������������� 25 11.2 Dry-type transformers���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 25 Annex A (informative) Calculation of PEI and k PEI � ������������������������������������������������������������� 27 A.1 Calculation of Peak Efficiency Index������������������������������������������������������������������ 27 A.2 Calculation of k PEI��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 27 Anne x ZZ (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the requirements of Commission Regulation (EC) No 548/2014 of 21 May 2014 on implementing Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to small, medium and large power transformers  � ���������������������������������������� 29 Bibliography� ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 32 BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 Foreword This document (EN 50588-1:2015) has been prepared by CLC/TC 14 "Power transformers" The following dates are fixed: - - latest date by which this document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement latest date by which the national standards conflicting with this document have to be withdrawn (dop) 2016-06-25 (dow) 2018-06-25 This document supersedes EN 50464-1:2007 and EN 50541-1:2011 EN 50588-1:2015 includes the following EN 50464-1:2007 and EN 50541-1:2011: - significant technical changes with respect to both liquid filled and dry-type transformers are covered in the same document; the scope of applicability is extended in terms of rated power; new values of no load loss, load loss and sound power level for different values of rated power are specified; for transformers having rated power above 150 kVA, the concept of Peak Efficiency Index is introduced Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports requirements of Commission Regulation (EC) For the relationship with requirements of Commission Regulation (EC) see informative Annex ZZ, which is an integral part of this document Foreword to amendment A1 This document (EN 50588-1:2015/A1:2016) has been prepared by CLC/TC 14 "Power transformers" The following dates are fixed: - - latest date by which this document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement latest date by which the national standards conflicting with this document have to be withdrawn (dop) 2017-05-23 (dow) 2019-05-23 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports requirements of Commission Regulation (EU) For the relationship with Commission Regulation (EU) see informative Annex ZZ, which is an integral part of EN 50588-1:2015 BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 Scope This European Standard covers medium power transformers ‘Medium power transformer’ means a power transformer with a highest voltage for equipment higher than 1,1 kV, but not exceeding 36 kV and a rated power equal to or higher than kVA but lower than 40 MVA National practices may require the use of highest voltages for equipment up to (but not including) 52 kV, when the rated voltage is less than 36 kV (such as Um = 38,5 kV or Um = 40,5 kV) This is considered to be an unusual case of a large power transformer, where the requirements are those for a medium power transformer with Um = 36 kV NOTE ‘Large power transformer’ means a power transformer with a highest voltage for equipment exceeding 36 kV and a rated power equal or higher than kVA, or a rated power equal to or higher than 40 MVA regardless of the highest voltage for equipment Large power transformers are in the scope of EN 50629 NOTE Transformers with tap changer (DETC or OLTC) are included in this European Standard even if they have separate tapping winding The object of this European Standard is to set up requirements related to electrical characteristics and design of medium power transformers The following transformers are excluded from this European Standard: - instrument transformers, specifically designed to supply measuring instruments, meters, relays and other similar apparatus; transformers with low-voltage windings specifically designed for use with rectifiers to provide a DC supply; transformers specifically designed to be directly connected to a furnace; transformers specifically designed for offshore applications and floating offshore applications; transformers specially designed for emergency installations; transformers and auto-transformers specifically designed for railway feeding systems; earthing or grounding transformers, this is, three-phase transformers intended to provide a neutral point for system grounding purposes; traction transformers mounted on rolling stock, this is, transformers connected to an AC or DC contact line, directly or through a converter, used in fixed installations of railway applications; starting transformers, specifically designed for starting three-phase induction motors so as to eliminate supply voltage dips; testing transformers, specifically designed to be used in a circuit to produce a specific voltage or current for the purpose of testing electrical equipment; welding transformers, specifically designed for use in arc welding equipment or resistance welding equipment; transformers specifically designed for explosion-proof and underground mining applications, transformers specifically designed for deep water (submerged) applications; medium Voltage (MV) to Medium Voltage (MV) interface transformers up to MVA; large power transformers where it is demonstrated that for a particular application, technically feasible alternatives are not available to meet the minimum efficiency requirements set out by the commission regulation (EU) No 548/2014; large power transformers which are like for like replacements in the same physical location/installation for existing large power transformers, where this replacement cannot be achieved without entailing disproportionate costs associated to their transportation and/or installation In case one of the last two exclusions is claimed, this should be documented at the signature of the contract with a declaration made by the customer. 5 BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) NOTE 3   This standard covers the transformers under the Commission Regulation (EU) No 548/2014 and gives additional specific guidance for single phase transformers, multi winding transformers and for transformers with OF or OD cooling systems, necessary for the correct application of energy efficiency requirements to these categories of transformers. Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 50180 Bushings above kV up to 52 kV and from 250 A to 3,15 kA for liquid filled transformers — Part 1: General requirements for bushings EN 50181 Plug-in type bushings above kV up to 52 kV and from 250 A to 2,50 kA for equipment other than liquid filled transformers EN 50216 (all parts) Power transformer and reactor fittings EN 50386 Bushings up to kV and from 250 A to kA, for liquid filled transformers EN 50387 Busbar bushings up to kV and from 1,25 kA to kA, for liquid filled transformers EN 50464-4 Three-phase oil-immersed distribution transformers 50 Hz, from 50 kVA to 500 kVA with highest voltage for equipment not exceeding 36 kV — Part 4: Requirements and tests concerning pressurised corrugated tanks EN 60076 (all parts) Power transformers (IEC 60076, all parts) EN 60076-19 Power transformers — Part 19: Rules for the determination of uncertainties in the measurement of the losses on power transformers and reactors (IEC/TS 60076-19) EN 60085 Electrical insulation — Thermal evaluation and designation EN 60505 Evaluation and qualification of electrical insulation systems (IEC 60505) EN 61100 Classification of insulating liquids according to fire point and net calorific value (IEC 61100) IEC/TR 60616 Terminal and tapping markings for power transformers Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 60076-1:2011 and the following apply 3.1 load factor k ratio of actual input current over the rated current of transformer where the actual current and rated current are constant over time Note to entry: Normally ≤ k ≤ 3.2 transmitted apparent power kSr product of the load factor and the rated power 3.1 load factor BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 k ratio of actual input current over the rated current of transformer where the current and rated EN actual 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 current are constant over time Note to entry: Normally ≤ k ≤ 3.2 transmitted apparent power kSr product of the load factor and the rated power BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) 3.3 Efficiency Index EI ratio of the transmitted apparent power of a transformer minus electrical losses to the transmitted apparent power of the transformer 3.4 Peak Efficiency Index PEI highest value of efficiency index that can be achieved at the optimum value of load factor Note to entry: See Annex A for derivation 3.5 load factor of Peak Efficiency Index kPEI load factor at which Peak Efficiency Index occurs Note to entry: See Annex A for derivation 3.6 declared value regulatory value given in Clause which is to be used for market surveillance activities Note to entry: Declared values and guaranteed values according to EN 60076-1 are two different concepts Guaranteed values are related to contract, whereas declared values are related to compliance verifications with COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 548/2014 3.7 transformersclasses 4excluded Environmental 3.7.1 Classification of insulating liquids according to fire point and net calorific value is given in EN 61100 instrument transformer and fire behaviour classes for dry–type transformers are defined in Climatic, environmental transformer as defined in section 3.1.1 of EN 61869-1:2009, even if it supplies energy for the operation EN 60076-11 of connected equipment 5NoteElectrical characteristics to entry:  The difference between the definition in Regulation 548/2014 and the CENELEC one is in the use of the word ‘supply’ rather than ‘transmit an information signal’ 5.1 Highest voltages for equipment for winding with Um > 1,1 kV 3.7.2 transformer with low-voltage windings designed use with rectifiers to provide Insulation levels and dielectric test shall bespecifically in accordance with thefor requirements of EN 60076-3 a DC supply transformer designed andfor intended to supply equipment are: power electronic or rectifier loads specified The values ofspecifically the highest voltage U m according to EN 61378-1 3,6 kV– 7,2transformers kV – 12 kV designed – 17,5 kVfor– use 24 kV 36 kV to provide a DC supply in Note to entry:  This definition covers with– rectifiers certain applications NOTE National practices may require the use of highest voltages for equipment up to (but not including) 52 kV, when the Note voltage to entry:  The 36 term to the 38,5 kV orrefers Um = 40,5 kV).winding having the lowest rated voltage as per rated is less than kV “low-voltage (such as Um = winding” EN 60076-1, whatever its voltage level Note to entry:  This definition does not include: 5.2 Rated voltage for winding with Um ≤ 1,1 kV - transformers which are intended to provide AC from DC sources such as transformers for wind turbine and Forphoto Um ≤voltaic 1,1 kVapplications; the preferred rated voltage value shall be chosen in the hereunder list: - transformers designed for DC transmission and distribution applications. 400 V – 410 V – 415 V – 420 V – 433 V – 690 V NOTE This document may be applied either as a whole or in part, to transformers with rated low voltages below 400 V and above 690 V BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 Therefore, they are part of the scope of this standard and shall comply with Commission Regulation (EU) No 548/2014 3.7.3 transformers specifically designed for offshore applications and floating offshore applications transformer to be installed on fixed or floating offshore platforms, offshore wind turbines or on board of ships and all kind of vessels 3.7.4 transformers specially designed for emergency installations transformer designed only to provide cover for a specific time limited situation when the normal power supply is interrupted either due to an unplanned occurrence such as failure or a station refurbishment, but not to permanently upgrade an existing substation Note to entry:  Such transformer could have some specific features that make it suitable for emergency or temporary use as opposed to normal use Example of some specific features: - multiple windings making it suitable for use at several locations; - special low weight or dimensions for easy transport, or special capability to be disassembled intoEN smaller units BS 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) for transport; - increased overload capability achieved by the use of special materials; - permanent mounting on a transporter arrangement 3.3 3.7.5 Efficiency Index transformers and auto-transformers specifically designed for railway feeding systems EI transformer as defined in EN 50329 ratio of the transmitted apparent power of a transformer minus electrical losses to the transmitted apparent power of the transformer 3.7.6 earthing or grounding transformers, this is, three-phase transformers intended to provide a 3.4 neutral point for system grounding purposes Peak Efficiency Index transformer as defined in paragraph 3.1.10 of EN 60076-6:2008 PEI highest 3.7.7 value of efficiency index that can be achieved at the optimum value of load factor traction transformer Note to entry: See Annex A for of derivation transformer installed on board rolling stock inserted in the traction and auxiliary circuits of rolling stock and in the scope of EN 60310 3.5 load 3.7.8factor of Peak Efficiency Index kstarting PEI transformers, specifically designed for starting three-phase induction motors so as load factor at supply which Peak Efficiency to eliminate voltage dips Index occurs transformer that is de energized during normal operation, used for the purpose of starting a rotating Note to entry: See Annex A for derivation machine 3.6 3.7.9 declared value (MV) to Medium Voltage (MV) interface transformers up to MVA Medium Voltage regulatory value in Clause which is to be used for market surveillance transformer usedgiven in network voltage conversion program and placed at the activities junction between two voltage levels of two MV networks and which needs to be able to cope with emergency overloads Note to entry: Declared values and guaranteed values according to EN 60076-1 are two different concepts Note to entry:  units may or maybe not part of a packaged including also with MV Guaranteed valuesSuch are related to contract, whereas declared values arecompact related tosubstation compliance verifications Reclosers and protection equipment 548/2014 COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No Environmental classes Classification of insulating liquids according to fire point and net calorific value is given in EN 61100 Climatic, environmental and fire behaviour classes for dry–type transformers are defined in EN 60076-11 Electrical characteristics 5.1 Highest voltages for equipment for winding with Um > 1,1 kV BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 7.2.2 Transformers subjected to max losses BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) During market surveillance measurements, the measured values of no load and load losses can be up to % higher than the respective maximum values specified in Clause 7.2.2 Transformers subjected to max losses 7.2.3 During market surveillance measurements, the measured values of electrical power required by Transformers subjected to PEI the cooling system for no load operation can be up to % higher than the value declared by the During market surveillance measurements, the measured values of no load and load losses can be manufacturer  During thehigher market reference to specified ANNEX in III Clause of the6.Commission Regulation up to % thansurveillance, the respectivewith maximum values 548/2014, market surveillance authority will measure no load and load loss PEI value shall then be calculated by the market surveillance authority using this formula: 7.2.3 Transformers subjected to PEI 2(PA0 +PAc0 ) During surveillance, with (pu) reference to ANNEX III of the Commission Regulation PEIthe = market − PA0 +Pauthority 548/2014, market surveillance will measure no load and load loss PEI value shall then be Ac0 1,05 ∙ Sr � PAk calculated by the market surveillance authority using this formula: Where: PEI = − PA0 2(PA0 +PAc0 ) (pu) PA0 +PAc0 � 1,05 ∙ S is the no loadr loss P measured at rated voltage and rated frequency, on the rated tap by the Ak market surveillance authority; Where: P Ac0 PA0 PAk is the electrical power required by the cooling system for no load operation as determined by the market surveillance authority from the type test measurements of the power taken by the no fanload and loss liquidmeasured pump motors; is the at rated voltage and rated frequency, on the rated tap by the market surveillance is the measured loadauthority; loss at rated current and rated frequency on the rated tap corrected to reference temperature accordingbytothe ENcooling 60076-1system by the for market surveillance is the electrical power required no load operationauthority as determined PAc0 Sr by therated market surveillance authority or from the type test measurements of the power taken is the power of the transformer autotransformer on which Pk is based; by the fan and liquid pump motors; PAk is the measured load loss at rated current and rated frequency on the rated tap corrected to NOTE The factor 1,05temperature represents according the verification onthe loss components which is allowed to market reference to EN tolerance 60076-1 by market surveillance authority authority during surveillance checks according to ANNEX III of EU Commission Regulation 548/2014 Sr is the rated power of the transformer or autotransformer on which Pk is based; 7.3 Uncertainties for market surveillance verification NOTE The factor 1,05 represents the verification tolerance on loss components which is allowed to market The testduring results of the loss measurements expressed a numerical quantity which is not an authority surveillance checks according to are ANNEX III of EU as Commission Regulation 548/2014 exact number but suffers from uncertainty How wide this margin of uncertainty is depends on the quality of the test installation, its measuring system, on the skill of the staff and on 7.3 Uncertainties for marketparticularly surveillance verification measurement difficulties presented by the test object The submitted test result shall contain the most correct estimate possible, basedare on the measurements that have been carried The test results of thethat lossis measurements expressed as a numerical quantity which out is not an exact number but suffers from uncertainty How wide this margin of uncertainty is depends on the This value shall accepted as it stands.itsThe uncertainty margin not ofbethe involved in the quality of the testbeinstallation, particularly measuring system, on shall the skill staff and on judgement of compliance for guarantees with no positive tolerance or tolerance ranges for measurement difficulties presented by the test object The submitted test result shall contain the performance data of the object However, condition for acceptance the whole most correct estimate thattest is possible, based on athe measurements that haveofbeen carriedtest out.is that the measurements themselves have to fulfil certain requirements of quality Statements of limits or uncertainty statements shall be supported by a documented traceability This value shall shall be beavailable acceptedand as these it stands The uncertainty margin shall not be involved in the (see EN ISO 9001) judgement of compliance for guarantees with no positive tolerance or tolerance ranges for performance data of the test object However, a condition for acceptance of the whole test is that When a specific product is subjected surveillance check: of quality Statements of limits or the measurements themselves have to to market fulfil certain requirements uncertainty shall be available and these statements shall be supported by a documented traceability measurement uncertainty should be the expanded uncertainty, as defined in (see- ENThe ISO 9001) EN 60076-19 and referring to a coverage factor k = (i.e to a confidence level of about % assuming distribution); When a 95 specific product aisnormal subjected to market surveillance check: - The uncertainty defined in this way should not exceed % - The measurement uncertainty should be the expanded uncertainty, as defined in EN 60076-19 and referring to a coverage factor k = (i.e to a confidence level of about 95 % assuming a normal distribution); The uncertainty defined in this way should not exceed % 17 20 BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 Rating plate In addition to EN 60076-1 and EN 60076-11 requirements, the following values shall be shown on the rating plate: BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) P0, the measured no load loss at rated voltage and rated frequency, on the rated tap The name of the no load loss class for transformers with Sr ≤ 150 kVA Pc0, the measured electrical power required by the cooling system for no load operation (if any) derived from the type test measurements of the power taken by the fan and liquid pumpplate motors Rating - Pk, the measured loss at rated current and rated frequency on the rated tap corrected to reference temperature according to EN 60076-1 In addition to EN 60076-1 and EN 60076-11 requirements, the following values shall be shown on - The name of the load loss class for transformers with Sr ≤ 150 kVA the rating plate: - PEI based on measurements for transformers with Sr > 150 kVA - kPEI, the load factor at which PEI occurs for transformers with Sr > 150 kVA - P0, the measured no load loss at rated voltage and rated frequency, on the rated tap - For dual voltage transformers, the maximum rated power at the lower voltage - The name of the no load loss class for transformers with Sr ≤ 150 kVA - Conductor mass and the nature of the conductor - Pc0, the measured electrical power required by the cooling system for no load operation (if - Core mass and the nature of the core material any) derived from the type test measurements of the power taken by the fan and liquid pump motors For medium power pole mounted transformers, a visible display “For pole-mounted operation only” - Pk, the measured loss at rated current and rated frequency on the rated tap corrected to reference temperature according to EN 60076-1 9 In case correction apply losses because ofwith other level or dual voltage as 150 kVA -Tests The name offactors the load loss on class for transformers Sr ≤insulation specified in paragraphs 6.2.3 and 6.2.4, the loss class names to be written - PEI based on measurements for transformers with Sr > 150 kVA on the rating plate and in the documentation (e.g.PEI A0, occurs AA0, AAA , Ak, Bk, Ck, with …) shall the same, without 9.1 Routine tests load factor at which for 0transformers Sr > 3remain 150 kVA - technical kPEI, the mentioning the correction factors - For dual voltage transformers, the maximum rated power at the lower voltage EN 60076-1 and ENmass 60076-11 apply unless otherwise stated in this standard - Conductor and the nature of the conductor In case of dual voltage transformers for which the full rated power is available regardless of the Core mass and the nature of the core material combination of voltages, the no load and load loss to be written on the rating plate and in the technical The test report of the transformers shall report the PEI value and the corresponding k PEI for documentation shall refer to the highest voltage of the tapped winding. 150 kVA.transformers, For transformers with display Sr ≤ 150 the test report shall include transformers with Spole r > mounted For medium power a visible “ForkVA pole-mounted operation only” the measured value of no load loss and load loss - Tests 9.2 Type tests 9.1 Routine tests EN 60076-1 and EN 60076-11 apply unless otherwise stated in this standard EN 60076-1 and EN 60076-11 apply unless otherwise stated in this standard 9.3 Special tests The test report of the transformers shall report the PEI value and the corresponding k PEI for EN 60076-1 and 60076-11 apply otherwise stated in 150 this kVA standard 150 kVA Forunless transformers with Sr ≤ the test report shall include transformers withEN Sr > the measured value of no load loss and load loss 9.4 Special test for corrugated tank 9.2 Type tests 9.4.1 General information EN 60076-1 and EN 60076-11 apply unless otherwise stated in this standard For liquid immersed transformers with corrugated tank a special test to check the reliability of the tank along the life is described here after 9.3 Special tests 9.4.2 Temperature variation EN 60076-1 and EN 60076-11 apply unless otherwise stated in this standard For the simulation of the seasonal and daily temperature variations, the average liquid temperature 9.4 Special test for corrugated tank is assumed to vary between -25 °C (minimum ambient temperature with disconnected transformer) and +88 °C (the sum of maximum ambient temperature +40 °C and maximum allowed average oil 9.4.1 General information temperature rise: 0,8 x 60 K = 48 K) For liquid immersed transformers with corrugated tank a special test to check the reliability of the By agreement between manufacturer and purchaser the maximum temperature used for the tank along the life is described here after endurance test shall be 40 °C plus 0,8 times the liquid temperature rise determined by the temperature rise test as prescribed by EN 50464-4 9.4.2 Temperature variation For 18 the simulation of the seasonal and daily temperature variations, the average liquid temperature is assumed to vary between -25 °C (minimum ambient temperature with disconnected transformer) and +88 °C (the sum of maximum ambient temperature +40 °C and maximum allowed average 21 oil temperature rise: 0,8 x 60 K = 48 K) 9.4 Special test for corrugated tank BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 9.4.1 General information EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 For liquid immersed transformers with corrugated tank a special test to check the reliability of the tank along the life is described here after 9.4.2 Temperature variation For the simulation of the seasonal and daily temperature variations, the average liquid temperature is assumed to vary between -25 °C (minimum ambient temperature with disconnected transformer) and +88 °C (the sum of maximum ambient temperature +40 °C and maximum allowed average oil temperature rise: 0,8 x 60 K = 48 K) BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) By agreement between manufacturer and purchaser the maximum temperature used for the endurance test shall be 40 °C plus 0,8 times the liquid temperature rise determined by the temperature rise test as prescribed by EN 50464-4 9.4.3 18 Sealing temperature When sealing the tank, the average liquid temperature shall be chosen between 15 °C and 35 °C and recorded A manometer connected to the tank cover shall register the value zero 9.4.4 Calculation of the volume variation From the temperature variations above, the liquid volume change from the relaxed stage at the sealing temperature shall be calculated using a volume expansion coefficient given by suppliers and -4 -1 generally equal to 7,5 x 10 (+/- 10 %) K for mineral oil NOTE - The following value may be taken for other liquids if no information is given by suppliers: -4 -1 Silicone 10 x 10 K -4 -1 Natural ester 7,4 x10 K -4 -1 Synthetic ester 7,5 x10 K 9.4.5 9.4.5.1 Test procedure General These tests are considered as special tests These tests shall be carried out on a tank which is considered as representative of a range of tanks by agreement between purchaser and supplier 9.4.5.2 Measurement of pressure range The increase or decrease of the liquid volume as calculated in paragraph above shall be added to or extracted from the relaxed tank, and the corresponding overpressure (P+) and underpressure (P-) shall be registered by a manometer connected to the tank cover The liquid temperature during the measurement shall be the same value as used for sealing ± °C as described in the paragraph above 9.4.5.3 Endurance test To simulate the volume expansion, the tank shall be subjected to 000 cycles with overpressure and underpressure Each cycle comprises one overpressure and one underpressure To achieve the overpressure and underpressure, the volume of liquid calculated in paragraph above shall be added to and extracted from the tank in the quantity calculated in paragraph above The pressure P+ and P- shall be recorded during the test at intervals The reading of the manometer with the tank relaxed shall be recorded before (P0) and after the test (P1) and the tank shall be topped up with liquid to reach the initial relaxing pressure P0 If requested for the test evaluation, the added volume shall be recorded NOTE To avoid mechanical impulses, the test duration may not be too short A minimum cycle duration of 120 s may be sufficient A 22pause in the test procedure does not affect the test result 9.4.5.4 Leakage test the overpressure and underpressure, the volume of liquid calculated in paragraph above shall be added to and extracted from the tank in the quantity calculated in paragraph above The pressure P+ and P- shall be recorded during the test at intervals BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 The reading of the manometer with the tank relaxed shall be recorded before (P0) and after the test (P1) and the tank shall be topped up with liquid to reach the initial relaxing pressure P0 If requested for the test evaluation, the added volume shall be recorded NOTE To avoid mechanical impulses, the test duration may not be too short A minimum cycle duration of 120 s may be sufficient A pause in the test procedure does not affect the test result 9.4.5.4 Leakage test After the endurance test, the same tank shall be subjected to a 24 h static leakage test with an overpressure 1,2 times the maximum value recorded during the endurance test BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) 9.4.5.5 Evaluation of the tests After leakage test, the following events shall be observed: - 19 the tank shall not show leakages as observed by appropriate detecting means; no cracks shall occur in the tank; heavy and unexplained discrepancies on the pressure readings taken before, during and after the tests under measurement of pressure range and endurance test, have to be considered as possible indexes of abnormal events; by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser, a limit for the volume of liquid to be added at the end of the test may be specified for checking the permanent deformations of the tank 9.5 Other technologies with level of no load loss AAA0 AAA0 classes (see Table and Table 4) should be manufactured with material known or under development To ensure reliability of these transformers, before to install on the network, manufacturers shall be able to prove their reliability at a long term by a short circuit withstand test and provide certificates of this test for similar transformers (see EN 60076-5 rules) The rules in EN 60076-5 regarding similarity between transformers and related to absorbed power, axial forces and winding stresses at short circuit shall be applied to determine the validity of the test The procedure of test shall be as prescribed by EN 60076-1, EN 60076-3 and EN 60076-5, in particular, the following requirements: All the routine tests, including dielectric tests at 100 % of the prescribed test value (see EN 600763), shall be repeated A lightning impulse test shall be performed at this stage In order to consider the transformer as having passed the short-circuit test, the conditions indicated in EN 60076-1 and EN 60076-11 shall be fulfilled In addition to EN 60076-5 criteria the value of measured no load loss before and after the short circuit test shall not deviated by more than 12 % This measurement shall be done in the same laboratory 10 Design requirements 10.1 Liquid immersed transformers 10.1.1 Type of liquid preservation system and degree of sealing The type of liquid preservation system and the degree of sealing shall be indicated in the enquiry and order 10.1.2 Terminal markings Terminal markings shall be in accordance with IEC/TR 60616 unless otherwise specified 23 BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) 10.1.3 Terminations The terminations to be used can be of the following types: a) b) c) d) open type bushings; plug-in type bushings; LV busbars; cable boxes The requirements of the different types of terminations are described in the following standards: EN 50180, EN 50181, EN 50386, EN 50387 10.1.4 Distance between bushings 10.1.4.1 Distances between high-voltage liquid to air bushings The bushings clearance shall meet the requirements of EN 60076-3 10.1.4.2 - Preferred distance between centres of low-voltage bushings For currents up to 250 A For currents above 250 A and up to 000 A For currents above 000 A 70 mm 150 mm 165 mm 10.1.5 Rollers When rollers are fitted, they shall comply with EN 50216-4 for transformers with rated power Sr ≤ 150 kVA For larger rated power this should be specified at the enquiry stage 10.2 Dry-type transformers 10.2.1 Terminals HV and LV terminals could be located on the upper side or middle part or lower side For easy understanding HV connecting leads side are fixed and used as reference side LV terminals could be on the same or on the opposite side referred to the HV leads Tapping could be on the same side or on the opposite side referred to the HV leads; preferred side is on the same HV side At the enquiry stage the exact positions of HV leads/terminals, LV leads/terminals and tapping shall be stated If in respect of leads with special dimensions and/or precise-exact dimensions and locations are needed, this needed information has to be given at the enquiry stage and agreed between manufacturer and purchaser 10.2.2 Enclosure Refers to EN 60076-11 21 24 BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) 11 Accessories 11.1 Liquid immersed transformers Accessories shall be in accordance with the appropriate parts of EN 50216 series when applicable The type of liquid preservation system and the degree of sealing shall be indicated in the enquiry and order If not otherwise specified, transformers shall be fitted with the accessories marked with an “X” as listed in Table 13 Accessories not crossed in this table are optional Special care should be taken to avoid conflicts between accessories which may be non-compatible Table 13 — List of accessories (non exhaustive) Type Tap changer type Hermetically sealed Breathing type with conservator or air cushion DETC OLTC DETC OLTC Rating plate X X X X Lifting device X X X X Filling hole and plug X X X X Rollers or skid chassis (Not applicable for pole mounted) X X X X Oil level indicator(s) X X Conservator draining plug(s) X X Dehydrating breather(s) X X Gas and oil actuated relay(s) X X Butterfly valve Thermometer pocket Pad-locking tap changer handle Protective device Conservator drain valve Removable radiators instead of fixed radiator Removable radiators insulating Butterfly valve Jacking pads Pulling eyes 11.2 Dry-type transformers Accessories shall be in accordance with the appropriate parts of EN 50216 series when applicable If no otherwise specified, transformers shall be fitted with the accessories listed in Table 14 22 25 BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) Table 14 — List of accessories HV Terminal LV Terminal Earthing terminals Warning plate Terminal markings a Lifting devices Rollers or skid (Not applicable for pole mounted) Rating plate a Terminal markings should preferably be in accordance with IEC/TR 60616, unless otherwise covered in national standards 23 26 BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) Annex A (informative) Calculation of PEI and kPEI A.1 Calculation of Peak Efficiency Index The methodology for calculating the Peak Efficiency Index (PEI) for medium power transformers is based on the ratio of the transmitted apparent power of a transformer minus the electrical losses to the transmitted apparent power of the transformer 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = − 2(𝑃𝑃0 + 𝑃𝑃𝑐𝑐0 ) 𝑃𝑃 + 𝑃𝑃𝑐𝑐0 𝑆𝑆𝑟𝑟 � 𝑃𝑃𝑘𝑘 Where P0 is the no load loss measured at rated voltage and rated frequency, on the rated tap Pk is the measured load loss at rated current and rated frequency on the rated tap corrected to reference temperature according to EN 60076-1 Pc0 is the electrical power required by the cooling system for no load operation derived from the type test measurements of the power taken by the fan and liquid pump motors Sr is the rated power of the transformer on which PK is based A.2 Calculation of kPEI This part of Annex A shows the mathematical derivation of the load factor which maximizes the Efficiency Index Efficiency Index general formula is: EI = kSr - (P0 +Pc0 )-(k²Pk +Pck (k)) kSr where Pck is the additional electrical power required by the cooling system (in addition to Pc0) for operation at k times the rated load (as derived from the type test measurements of the power taken by the fan and liquid pump motors) In the following derivation, it is assumed that Pck is zero at the load factor which maximises the Efficiency Index and hence is neglected The function EI(k) is at its maximum when its derivative is null Then: EI' (k)= � So EI' (k)= k.Sr - (P0 +Pc0 )-k².Pk k.Sr ' � ' �k.Sr - (P0 +Pc0 )-k².Pk � k.Sr −�k.Sr - (P0 +Pc0 )-k².Pk �.[k.Sr ]' [k.Sr ]2 24 27 BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) i.e EI' (k)= �Sr - 2k.Pk �.k.Sr−�k.Sr - (P0 +Pc0 )-k².Pk �.[Sr ] i.e EI' (k)= k.Sr - 2k2 Pk Sr -k.Sr + (P0 +Pc0 ).Sr +k².Pk Sr i.e EI' (k)= - k Pk Sr + (P0 +Pc0 ).Sr i.e EI(k)= i.e EI' (k)= it comes that η’(k) = when: i.e Pk Sr k2 = = k2 Sr 2 2 k Sr 2 k Sr 2 - k Pk + (P0 +Pc0 ) k Sr (P0 +Pc0 ) k Sr (P0 +Pc0 ) − Pk Sr k Sr (P0 +Pc0 ) Sr Sr Pk So the Peak Efficiency is a maximum when k=kPEI =� (P0 +Pc0 ) Pk And then PEI = EI(kPEI ) = − 2(P0 +Pc0 ) Sr � P0 +Pc0 Pk 25 28 BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) Annex ZZ (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the requirements of Commission Regulation (EC) No 548/2014 of 21 May 2014 on implementing Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to small, medium and large power transformers This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to requirements of Commission Regulation (EC) No 548/2014 of 21 May 2014 implementing Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to ecodesign requirements for small, medium and large power transformers Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Commission Regulation, compliance with the clauses of this standard given in Table ZZ.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding requirements of that and associated EFTA regulations Table ZZ.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Commission Regulation (EC) No 548/2014 Requirements of Commission Regulation (EC) No 548/2014 26 Clauses and sub-clauses of this EN Annex I Requirements for three-phase medium power transformers with rated power ≤ 150 kVA Table I.1 Maximum load and no-load losses (in W) for three-phase liquid-immersed medium power transformers with one winding with Um ≤ 24 kV and the other one with Um ≤ 1,1 kV Sub-clause 6.2.2 Table reports the values A0, i.e the maximum values of no load losses that are applicable from July 2015 (Tier 1) From July 2021 (Tier 2), the requirement is AA0 Table reports the values Ck (up to rated power 1000 kVA) and Bk (from rated power 1250 kVA to 3150 kVA), which are the maximum load losses applicable from July 2015 (Tier 1) From July 2021 (Tier 2), the requirement is Ak for all rating powers Annex I Requirements for three-phase medium power transformers with rated power ≤ 150 kVA Table I.2 Maximum load and no-load losses (in W) for three –phase dry-type medium power transformers with one winding with Um ≤ 24 kV and the Sub-clause 6.2.2 Table reports the values A0, i.e the maximum values of no load losses that are applicable from July 2015 (Tier 1) From July 2021 (Tier 2), the requirement is AA0 Table reports the values Bk (up to rated power 630 kVA) and Ak (from 29 BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) other one with Um ≤ 1,1 kV rated power 800 kVA to 3150 kVA), which are the maximum load losses applicable from July 2015 (Tier 1) From July 2021 (Tier 2), the requirement is Ak for all rated powers Annex I Requirements for three-phase medium power transformers with rated power ≤ 150 kVA Table I.3 Correction of load and no load losses in case of other combinations of winding voltages or dual voltage in one or both windings (rated power ≤ 150 kVA) Sub-clause 6.2.3 Table reports the correction to load loss and no load loss in case of different insulation levels Table reports the correction to load loss and no load loss in case of dual voltage Annex I Requirements for medium power transformers with rated power > 150 kVA Table I.4 Minimum Peak Efficiency Index (PEI) values for liquid immersed medium power transformers Sub-clause 6.3 Table reports the Miniumum Peak Efficiency Index (PEI) for liquid immersed medium power transformers Column A corresponds to Tier (1 July 2015), whereas column AA corresponds to Tier (1 July 2021) Annex I Requirements for medium power transformers with rated power > 150 kVA Table I.5 Minimum Peak Efficiency Index (PEI) values for dry type medium power transformers Sub-clause 6.3 Table reports the Miniumum Peak Efficiency Index (PEI) for dry type medium power transformers Column A corresponds to Tier (1 July 2015), whereas column AA corresponds to Tier (1 July 2021) Annex I Requirements for medium power transformers with rated power ≤ 150 kVA equipped with tapping connections suitable for operation while being energised or on-load for voltage adaptation purposes Voltage Regulation Distribution Transformers are included in this category Sub-clause 6.4.2 Annex I Requirements for medium power pole-mounted transformers Sub-clause 6.4.3 From July 2015 (Tier 1), the maximum no-load loss values are 27 30 BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) Table I.6 Maximum load and no-load losses (in W) for medium power liquid immersed pole-mounted transformers the values A0 in Table up to rated power 100 kVA and the values C0 in Table 10 from rated power 160 kVA to 315 kVA From July 2021 (Tier 2), the maximum no-load loss values are the values A0 up to rated power 100 kVA, C0 – 10 % for rated power 160 kVA and B0 from rated power 200 kVA to 315 kVA From July 2015 (Tier 1), the maximum load loss values are the values reported in column Ck in Table 11 From July 2021 (Tier 2), the maximum load loss values are the values reported in column Bk in Table 11 Annex I Product information requirements Clause WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard 28 31 BS EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 EN 50588-1:2015+A1:2016 BS EN 50588-1:2015 EN 50588-1:2015 (E) Bibliography [1] EN 50464-1, Three-phase oil-immersed distribution transformers 50 Hz, from 50 kVA to 2500 kVA with highest voltage for equipment not exceeding 36 kV — Part 1: General requirements [2] EN 60038, Cenelec Standard voltages (IEC 60038) [3] EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529) [4] EN 60721 (all parts), Classification of environmental conditions (IEC 60721, all parts) [5] EN 62262, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures for electrical equipment against external mechanical impacts (IK code) (IEC 62262) [6] EN ISO 9001, Quality management systems — Requirements (ISO 9001) [7] EN ISO/IEC 17065, Conformity assessment — Requirements for bodies certifying products, processes and services (ISO/IEC 17065) 29 32 This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited About us Reproducing extracts We bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators and others to shape their combined experience and expertise into standards -based solutions For permission to reproduce content from BSI publications contact 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