BS EN 3451 -1 :201 +A1 :201 BSI Standards Publication Swimming pool equipment Part : General safety requirements and test methods BS EN 3451 -1 :201 +A1 :201 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 3451 -1 :201 +A1 :201 It supersedes BS EN 3451 -1 :201 which is withdrawn The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !" The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee SW/1 36, Sports, playground and other recreational equipment, to Subcommittee SW/1 36/8, Swimming pools and aquatic equipment A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 201 Published by BSI Standards Limited 201 ISBN 978 580 90462 ICS 97.220.1 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 201 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected 30 November 201 Implementation of CEN amendment A1 :201 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 13451-1:2011+A1 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM October 2016 ICS 97.220.10 Supersedes EN 13451-1:2011 English Version Swimming pool equipment - Part 1: General safety requirements and test methods Équipement de piscine - Partie : Exigences générales de sécurité et méthodes d'essai Schwimmbadgeräte - Teil 1: Allgemeine sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 July 2011 and includes Amendment approved by CEN on 13 June 2016 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION C O M I TÉ E URO PÉ E N D E N O RM ALI S ATI O N E URO PÄI S C H E S KO M I T E E FÜR N O RM UN G CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 E BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) Contents Page European foreword Scope Normative references Terms and definitions 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.2 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.3.5 4.3.6 4.4 4.4.1 4.4.2 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.7.1 4.7.2 4.7.3 4.7.4 4.7.5 4.7.6 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 Safety requirements 10 Structural integrity 10 General 10 Materials 11 Minimum space 11 Handrails, barriers, safety barriers 11 Handrails 11 Barriers 11 Safety barriers 11 Grip 12 Grasp 12 Finger hold 12 Surfaces 13 Surface finishing 13 Surface materials 13 Protrusions 13 Edges and corners 14 Entrapment, crushing and shearing points 15 General 15 Permissible openings 15 Protections and grids 15 Moving parts 15 Slits 16 Entrapment of hair 16 Slip resistance 16 Fittings 16 Removable protection devices 17 Alteration of existing equipment 17 5.1 5.2 Test methods 17 General 17 Test report 17 6.1 6.2 6.3 Instruction and information 18 Installation 18 Technical operation 18 Inspection and maintenance 18 Marking 19 Annex A (normative) Loads 20 A.1 Permanent loads 20 A.1.1 General 20 BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) A.1.2 A.1.3 A.2 A.2.1 A.2.2 A.2.3 A.2.4 A.2.5 A.2.6 A.3 A.3.1 A.3.2 A.3.3 A.3.4 Self weight 20 Prestressing loads 20 Variable loads 20 General 20 User loads 20 Snow loads 23 Wind loads 23 Temperature loads 23 Specific loads 23 Number of users on the equipment 23 General 23 Number of users on a point 23 Number of users on line type elements 24 Number of users on an area 24 Annex B (normative) Method of calculation of structural integrity 25 B.1 General principles 25 B.1.1 Limit state 25 B.1.2 Ultimate limit state 25 B.1.3 Serviceability limit state 26 B.2 Load combinations for static analysis 26 Annex C (normative) Physical testing of structural integrity 27 C.1 Pass/fail criteria 27 C.1.1 Test method 27 C.1.2 Compliance 27 C.1.3 Failure 27 C.2 Test load for equipment 27 C.2.1 Load combinations for testing 27 C.2.2 Safety factor for test on identical series 27 C.2.3 Safety factor for test on a unique product 28 C.3 Load application 28 C.3.1 General 28 C.3.2 Point loads 28 C.3.3 Line loads 28 C.3.4 Area loads 28 Annex D (normative) Methods of test for entrapment 29 D.1 Head and neck entrapment 29 D.1.1 Apparatus 29 D.1.2 Test method 30 D.2 Finger and toe entrapment 30 D.2.1 Apparatus 30 D.2.2 Test method 30 D.3 Foot and hand entrapment 30 D.3.1 Apparatus 30 D.3.2 Test method 31 Annex E (normative) Testing of slip resistance 32 E.1 Principle 32 E.2 Testing person 32 E.3 Test rig 32 E.4 Test liquid 32 E.5 Test specimen 32 E.6 Test method 33 BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) E.7 E.8 E.9 Evaluation 33 Classification 33 Test report 33 Annex F (normative) Use of stainless steel with load bearing functions in the swimming pool atmosphere 35 F.1 General 35 F.2 Indoor swimming pools with disinfection with chlorine 35 F.2.1 General 35 F.2.2 Components without the possibility of regular cleaning 35 F.2.3 Components with the possibility of regular cleaning 36 F.3 Outdoor swimming pools with disinfection with chlorine 36 F.4 Coatings and paintings 36 Bibliography 37 BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) European foreword This document (EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports, playground and other recreational facilities and equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2017 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document includes Amendment approved by CEN on 13 June 2016 This document supersedes ! EN 13451-1:2011 " The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !" EN 13451, Swimming pool equipment, consists of the following parts: — Part : General safety requirements and test methods; — Part 2: Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for ladders, stepladders and handle bends; — Part 3: Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for inlets and outlets and water/air based water leisure features; — Part 4: Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for starting platforms; — Part 5: Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for lane lines; — Part 6: Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for turning boards; — Part 7: Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for water polo goals; — Part 0: Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for diving platforms, diving springboards and associated equipment; — Part 1 : Additional specific safety requirements and test methods for moveable pool floors and moveable bulkheads This standard may also be applicable to other equipment not specified, provided the safety requirements are fulfilled There can be additional requirements for purposes such as competition swimming and advice should be sought from the governing body of the sport in question BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) ! In relation to EN 13451-1:2001 the following main amendments have been made: a) scope modified in accordance with EN 15288-1 and EN 15288-2; b) normative references have been updated: CEN/TS 16165 was added and EN 12503-1, -5 and -6 were deleted; c) the test failure requirements for the structural integrity was modified (see 4.1.1); d) definition pool/swimming pool deleted; e) requirements for materials (see 4.1.2) added; f) requirements for barriers (see 4.3) added; g) requirements for suctions deleted and will be moved to EN 13451-3; h) requirements for entrapment, crushing and shearing points (see 4.7) added; i) requirements for the test report (see 5.2) modified; j) values of total vertical user load (see Table A.1) modified; k) only two test probes for the test methods of head and neck entrapment (see Annex D); l) Annex F was deleted and the reference to CEN/TS 16165 was added instead; m) Steel 1.4571 was corrected " According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) Scope This European Standard specifies general safety requirements and test methods for equipment used in classified swimming pools as specified in EN 15288-1 and EN 15288-2 Where specific standards exist, this general standard should not be used alone Special care is required in applying this general standard alone to equipment for which no product specific standard has yet been published Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 1990, Eurocode — Basis of structural design EN 1991-1-2, Eurocode : Actions on structures — Part -2: General actions — Actions on structures exposed to fire EN 1991-1-3, Eurocode - Actions on structures — Part -3: General actions — Snow loads EN 1991-1-4, Eurocode : Actions on structures — Part -4: General actions — Wind actions EN 10088-1, Stainless steels — Part : List of stainless steels EN 10088-2, Stainless steels — Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes ! deleted text" EN 15288-1, Swimming pools — Part : Safety requirements for design ! CEN/TS 16165, Determination of slip resistance of pedestrian surfaces — Methods of evaluation ! " " EN ISO 12100, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 21 00) Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15288-1 and the following apply 3.1 swimming pool equipment components installed in and around a basin, designated: — to operate the basin and its functionally adjoining areas; BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) — to use it and its functionally adjoining areas NOTE These components can be part of the swimming pool technology (e.g water inlets or outlets), to assist the users (e.g ladders) , or for competitive and training use (e.g starting platforms), or for leisure (e.g fountains) 3.2 crushing point place where parts of the equipment can move against each other, or against a fixed area so that persons, or parts of their body, can be crushed [EN 1176-1:2008, 3.10] 3.3 shearing point place where part of the equipment can move past a fixed or other moving part, or past a fixed area so that persons, or parts of their body, can be cut [EN 1176-1:2008, 3.11] 3.4 grip holding of the hand around the entire circumference of a support NOTE See Figure Figure — Grip [EN 1176-1:2008, 3.15] 3.5 grasp holding of the hand around part of the circumference of a support NOTE See Figure BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) B.1.3 Serviceability limit state Where serviceability requirements are made, the preferred method of calculation shall be based on the principles for serviceability limit state as specified in the structural Eurocode EN 1990 The deflection criteria for serviceability limit states mentioned in the Eurocodes not apply to swimming pool equipment NOTE met Serviceability limit states correspond to states beyond which specified service criteria are no longer B.2 Load combinations for static analysis The following load combinations (test load) shall be used for verification: G tot = γ G ; c × G + γ Q; c × Qi (B.2) where G is the permanent load as given in A.1; Qi is one of the variable loads as given in A.2.2 to A.2.6; γ is a partial safety factor for permanent loads to be used in calculations; G;c γ Q;c is a partial safety factor for variable loads to be used in calculations The following partial safety factors for loads shall be used: — γ G;c = 1,0 for favourable effects; — γ G;c = 1,35 for unfavourable effects; — γ Q;c = for favourable effects; — γ Q;c = 1,35 for unfavourable effects NOTE It is not necessary to combine independent variable loads such as wind and user loads Related loads acting in different directions, such as vertical and horizontal user loads, are combined 26 BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) Annex C (normative) Physical testing of structural integrity C.1 Pass/fail criteria C.1.1 Test method Apply the total test load without shock The specimen shall be able to carry the total test load for C.1.2 Compliance The specimen is able to withstand the total test load C.1.3 Failure The specimen fails the test when it shows cracks, damages or plastic deformation and when connections are loosened C.2 Test load for equipment C.2.1 Load combinations for testing The following load combinations shall be used for testing: G test = γ G ; t × G + γ Q; t × Qi (C.1) where G is the permanent load as given in A.1; Qi is one of the variable loads as given in A.2.2 to A.2.6; γG; t is a partial safety factor for permanent loads to be used in testing = 1,0 in all cases; γ Q; t is a partial safety factor for variable loads to be used in testing according to C.2.2 or C.2.3 NOTE It is not necessary to combine independent variable loads, such as wind and user loads, but related loads acting in different directions, such as vertical and horizontal user loads, should be combined Permanent loads are present during the test Compared with the variable loads on swimming pool equipment, the permanent loads are small in most cases, and therefore, no additional safety factor for permanent loads is required in the tests C.2.2 Safety factor for test on identical series The following safety factor shall be used for identical series where not every specimen is tested: — γ Q;t = for favourable effects; 27 BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) — γ Q; t = 2,0 for unfavourable effects C.2.3 Safety factor for test on a unique product The following safety factor shall be used where every specimen, including unique products, is tested: — γ Q; t = for favourable effects; — γ Q; t = 1,35 for unfavourable effects C.3 Load application C.3.1 General The loads shall always be applied in free air, even for equipment destined to be submersed after installation, due to the possibility of dry use (e.g maintenance) C.3.2 Point loads The following dimensions shall not be exceeded when applying the loads onto an element of the structure: — line type element: — area type element: l ≤ 0,1 m; a ≤ 0,1 m × 0,1 m where l is the support length of the test load, in metres; a is the support area of the test load, in square metres NOTE To simulate the transfer of load caused by one user to the structure, the load should normally be applied over a length of not more than 0,1 m C.3.3 Line loads Line loads can be represented by equally distributed point loads spaced not more than 0,6 m apart The support length under the point loads may be up to 0,6 m C.3.4 Area loads Area loads may be represented by equally distributed point loads spaced grid wise not more than 0,6 m × 0,6 m The support area under the point loads shall be less than 0,6 m × 0,6 m 28 BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) Annex D (normative) Methods of test for entrapment D.1 Head and neck entrapment D.1.1 Apparatus Probes A and B, as illustrated in Figure D.1 Dimensions in millimetres a) Probe A b) Probe B Key handle Figure D.1 — Probes for determination of head and neck entrapment 29 BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) D.1.2 Test method Under normal operating conditions apply successively probes A and B to the minimum cross-section of each opening, applying a force of 200 N Record and report if the probes pass or not pass through the opening If probe A passes through the opening; note the clearance dimension D.2 Finger and toe entrapment D.2.1 Apparatus Probe C, as illustrated in Figure D.2 Probe D, as illustrated in Figure D.3 Dimensions in millimetres Key R radius Figure D.2 — Probe C for determination of finger and toe entrapment D.2.2 Test method Under normal operating conditions apply probe C to the minimum cross-section of the opening, rotating the probe and moving it through the conical arc shown in Figure D.4, whilst applying a force of 50 N Record and report if the probe passes or does not pass through the opening D.3 Foot and hand entrapment D.3.1 Apparatus Probe D, as illustrated in Figure D.3 Probe A, as illustrated in Figure D.1 30 BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) Dimensions in millimetres Key R radius Figure D.3 — Probe D for determination of foot and hand entrapment D.3.2 Test method Under normal operating conditions apply successively probes A and D to the minimum cross-section of the opening, applying a force of 50 N Probe D shall also be rotated and moved through the conical arc shown in Figure D.4 Record and report if the probes pass or not pass through the opening Figure D.4 — Rotation of probes C and D 31 BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) Annex E (normative) Testing of slip resistance E.1 Principle A person carrying out the test (test person) moves in an upright position forward and backward on the surface subjected to the test The surface is wetted with water containing a wetting agent The inclination of the test rig is increased starting from the horizontal position until an angle has been reached at which the testing person feels insecure E.2 Testing person The testing person is a grown-up person with bare feet, whose feet shall have been wetted for at least 10 prior to the start of the test The person shall be protected against a fall by a safety device, which shall allow an unrestricted movement on the surface under test NOTE To acquaint the test persons with the test method, they should be trained on surfaces whose anti-slip properties have been previously determined in accordance with this annex E.3 Test rig A flat plate measuring 600 mm in width and 000 mm in length, with an adjustable angle of inclination from 0° to 45° shall be used as testing equipment; one short side shall be hinged to the floor and a clinometer with divisions of 1° shall be fitted on a side of the rig, showing the angle of inclination of the plate in relation to the horizontal plane For the safety of the test person handrails shall be fitted to both longitudinal sides of the rig E.4 Test liquid The test liquid shall be an aqueous solution of a neutral wetting agent in a concentration of g/l Water may be supplied by the municipal drinking water system E.5 Test specimen The test specimen shall cover a test surface of at least 000 mm in length and 500 mm in width Components of irregular shape shall be placed one aside the other, as nearby as possible, to cover the test surface of 000 mm × 500 mm When the slip resistance changes with the orientation the specimen has to be mounted on to the test surface in the most unfavourable direction The fugues (free areas between the components) shall be filled with a filler of the type used for ceramic tiles joints 32 BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) E.6 Test method The level of the fugues shall be the same of the component surrounding areas in a proper installation If the fugues develop mainly in a specific direction, the specimen shall be tested in this direction and at 90° angle The test specimen is mounted and centred on the flat plate of the test rig, in the most unfavourable condition Throughout the entire test, the test specimen shall be continuously and regularly wetted with a least l/min of the test liquid The test person moves half the length of a step forwards and backwards in an upright position, looking down to the test specimen surface, in a downstream direction At the same time, the inclination of the test rig is increased by about 1°/s, starting from a horizontal position The angle of inclination causing the test person to feel insecure shall be established through repeated changes of the inclination of the rig around the critical value The angle of inclination shall be determined twelve times, starting each time from the horizontal position of the test specimen E.7 Evaluation For the purpose of evaluating the results, the highest and lowest values of the group of twelve tests shall not be taken into account The arithmetical mean value of the remaining ten tests, rounded to the nearest full degree, shall be taken as the result of the test E.8 Classification All the pieces of equipment shall be classified in three rating groups: a) 12°: the items with a test result from 12° to 17°; b) 18°: the items with a test result from 18° to 23°; c) 24°: the items with a test result from 24° upwards E.9 Test report The test report shall also contain: a) test specimen characteristics; b) angle of inclination 33 BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) ! 34 " deleted text BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) Annex F (normative) Use of stainless steel with load bearing functions in the swimming pool atmosphere F.1 General Stainless steel is used for many constructions in swimming pools "Stainless steel" is thereby a collective name for a multitude of different materials with different alloy-composition Beside appropriate constructive solutions (e.g avoidance of gaps) and a surface as smooth as possible, the selection of the right material is the most decisive criterion to avoid corrosion problems Another decisive criterion is the accessibility for cleaning and inspection ! " The stainless steel grades indicated in this Annex F shall be used for structural parts in chloride environment; they represent the current knowledge at the time of development of this European Standard As technical development is going on, additional stainless steel grades may be used provided there is a suitable and complete documentation and experience about their resistance to stress corrosion cracking Corrosion can appear visible (e.g corrosive pitting) or invisible and spontaneous without announcement (e.g stress crack corrosion) The notation shall conform to EN 10088–1 and EN 10088–2 Beside a number, every steel has a short notation (e.g steel no 1.4301 has the short notation X5CrNi18-10) F.2 Indoor swimming pools with disinfection with chlorine F.2.1 General In indoor swimming pools, the possibility of a highly corrosive environment with enrichment of chlorides caused by drying and evaporation effects shall be taken into account F.2.2 Components without the possibility of regular cleaning For structural parts in chloride environments, the appearance of chloride inducted intercrystalline stress crack corrosion shall be taken into account Therefore, in indoor swimming pool equipment and their structural parts made of stainless steel without regular cleaning only the following materials shall be used: — 1.4565 (X2CrNiMnMoNb25-18-5-4); — 1.4529 (X1NiCrMoCuN25-20-7); and — 1.4547 (X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7) NOTE In environments where water has a chloride concentration of less than 250 mg/l (drinking water) also the material 1.4539 (X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5) could be used 35 BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) F.2.3 Components with the possibility of regular cleaning F.2.3.1 General Considering the real corrosiveness and further relevant conditions, e.g temperature, humidity, etc., and only in case of regular cleaning for easy accessible components and parts of the swimming pool equipment beside the above mentioned materials one of the following materials shall be used: — 1.4401 (X5CrNiMo17-12-2); — 1.4404 (X2CrNiMo17-12-2); — 1.4578 (X3CrNiCuMo17-11-3-2); ! — 1.4571 (X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2); " — 1.4439 (X2CrNiMoN17-13-5); — 1.4462 (X2CrNiMoN22-5-3) F.2.3.2 Inspection and cleaning concept Conforming to the result of a risk assessment a concept for regular inspection and cleaning has to be established by the manufacturer The cleaning concept has to minimise the enrichment of chlorides on the surface of the material and shall require appropriate records F.3 Outdoor swimming pools with disinfection with chlorine Outdoor pools with disinfection with chlorine are in general a less corrosive environment, although locally, e.g above water surfaces, a higher corrosiveness can occur The danger of enrichment of chlorides is smaller, because rainfall will wash the electrolytes away The selection of the proper material for swimming pools equipment and their structural parts shall be performed carefully, considering the corrosiveness of the environment and the foreseen cleaning of the surfaces In less corrosive environments or where regular cleaning for easy accessible parts and components is foreseen, one of the following materials shall also be used: — 1.4301 (X5CrNi18-10); — 1.4307 (X2CrNi18-9); — 1.4567 (X3CrNiCu18-9-4); — 1.4541 (X6CrNiTi18-10); — 1.4318 (X2CrNiN18-7) F.4 Coatings and paintings The coating of stainless steel surfaces is not sufficient protection against corrosion and never justifies the selection of a less corrosion-proof material 36 BS EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 EN 13451-1:2011+A1:2016 (E) Bibliography [1] EN 335-1, Durability of wood and wood-based products — Definition of use classes — Part : [2] EN 335-2, Durability of wood and wood-based products — Definition of use classes — Part 2: General Application to solid wood [3] EN 335-3, Durability of wood and wood-based products — Definition of hazard classes of biological attack — Part 3: Application to wood-based panels [4] EN 13451-3, Swimming pool equipment —Part 3: Additional specific safety requirements and test [5] methods for inlets and outlets and water/air based water leisure features EN 1176-1:2008, Playground equipment and surfacing — Part : General safety requirements and test methods [6] EN 15288-2, Swimming pools — Part 2: Safety requirements for operation [7] EN 12503-1, Sports mats — Part : Gymnastic mats, safety requirements [8] EN 12503-5, Sports mats — Part 5: Determination of the base friction [9] EN 12503-6, Sports mats — Part 6: Determination of the top friction [10] EN ISO 1421, Rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics — Determination of tensile strength and [11] EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration [12] ISO 5904, Gymnastic equipment — Landing mats and surfaces for floor exercises — Determination [13] FINA Handbook 2005-2009 [14] Managing health and safety in swimming pools, HSE Books UK, 1999 [15] Sicherheitsregeln für Bäder – GUV 18.14 D, 1984 [16] KOK-Richtlinien für den Bäderbau D, 2002 [17] NF T54 405-1, Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride (PVC-U) extruded or coextruded profiles for ! ! " elongation at break (ISO 421 :1 998) laboratories (ISO/IEC 7025:2005) of resistance to slipping outside use — Specifications and test methods — Part : Solid wall PVC-U " 37 This page deliberately left blank This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited About us Reproducing extracts We bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators and others to shape their combined experience and expertise into standards -based solutions For permission to reproduce content from BSI publications contact the BSI Copyright & Licensing team The knowledge embodied in our standards has been carefully assembled in a dependable 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