BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 Incorporating corrigendum November 2015 BS EN 15776:2011 BSI Standards Publication Unfired pressure vessels — Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure parts constructed from cast iron with an elongation after fracture equal or less than 15 % BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 It supersedes BS EN 15776:2011 which is withdrawn The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PVE/1, Pressure Vessels A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2015 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015 ISBN 978 580 86315 ICS 23.020.30 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2011 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected 30 November 2015 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2015 30 November 2015 Implementation of CEN correction notice 28 October 2015: Note to entry added to subclause 3.1.1 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 15776:2011+A1 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM October 2015 ICS 23.020.30 Supersedes EN 15776:2011 English Version Unfired pressure vessels - Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure parts constructed from cast iron with an elongation after fracture equal or less than 15 % Récipients sous pression non soumis la flamme Exigences supplémentaires pour la conception et la fabrication des récipients sous pression et des parties sous pression moulés en fonte allongement, après rupture, inférieur ou égal 15 % Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Anforderungen an die Konstruktion und Herstellung von Druckbehältern und Druckbehälterteilen aus Gusseisen mit einer Bruchdehnung von 15 % oder weniger This European Standard was approved by CEN on January 2011 and includes Amendment approved by CEN on 24 August 2015 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 E BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) (E) EN Contents Page European foreword Introduction Scope Normative references 3.1 3.2 3.3 Terms, definitions, units and symbols Terms and definitions Symbols Inter relation of thicknesses definitions (!EN 13445-6:2014") 11 4.1 4.2 Materials, limitations and service conditions 11 Materials and limitations on temperature, maximum allowable pressure and energy content 11 Cyclic loading 13 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.8.1 5.8.2 5.8.3 5.9 5.9.1 5.9.2 5.9.3 5.10 5.10.1 5.10.2 5.10.3 5.10.4 5.10.5 Design requirements 14 Design principle 14 Conceptual design and construction drawings 14 Static loading 14 General 14 Design by formula (DBF) 14 Design by analysis (DBA) 15 Design by experiment (DBE) 15 Temperature reduction factor 16 Wall thickness reduction factor 16 Design for external pressure 16 Testing conditions 17 Design methods 17 General 17 Static loading 17 Dynamic loading 19 Construction details 24 Reinforcement of openings in cylinders, flat ends, dished ends, etc 24 Fillet radius 24 Dished cover 24 Technical documentation 24 General 24 Information to be contained in the technical documentation 24 Test reports 26 Technical/manufacturing schedule 26 Design review 26 6.1 6.1.1 6.1.2 6.2 Founding, material and casting testing 27 Founding 27 General 27 Welding 27 Material testing 27 BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN (E) EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 6.3 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3.3 6.3.4 6.3.5 6.3.6 6.3.7 6.3.8 6.3.9 6.3.10 General 27 Frequency and number of tests 27 Inspection documents 28 Casting testing 28 General 28 Surface imperfections 28 Cracks, laps, cold shot and non-fused chaplets 28 Ultrasonic testing and/or sectioning 29 Liquid penetrant testing 29 Surface roughness 29 Minimum wall thickness 29 Wall thickness tolerances 29 Other dimensions 29 Qualification of testing personnel 29 7.1 7.2 Final assessment 30 General 30 Hydraulic test pressure 30 Pressure vessels assembled of a combination of parts in different materials 30 9.1 9.2 9.3 Marking and documentation 30 Marking of castings 30 Name plate for the complete pressure vessel 30 Documentation 31 Annex A (normative) Technical data for design calculations 32 Annex B (informative) Recommendations for in-service validation and inspection 35 B.1 Purpose 35 B.2 Tests during operation 35 Annex C (informative) Examples of fatigue design curves 36 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC 39 Bibliography 40 BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) (E) EN European foreword This document (EN 15776:2011+A1:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54 “Unfired pressure vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2016 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document supersede EN 15776:2011 This document includes Amendment approved by CEN on 2015-08-24 The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !" This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s) For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN (E) EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) Introduction !This standard is a stand-alone document and may be used for pressure equipment with certain restrictions and limitations NOTE For the design and fabrication of cast iron pressure equipment standards with higher elongations and ductility, see EN 13445-6:2014." Attention is drawn to the references to !EN 13445-6:2014"for design and fabrication according to specific grades of material standards !EN 1563:2011"and !EN 13835:2012"which are found in some clauses of this standard, EN 15776 Requirements for the design, material, manufacturing and testing of pressure vessels and pressure vessel parts made from ferritic or austenitic spheroidal graphite cast iron grades with an elongation after fracture higher than 15 % are given in !EN 134456:2014" Cast iron with elongation after fracture equal or less than 15 % may only be used for pressure equipment when operational and technical advantages are dictating its use instead of the cast iron grades given in !EN 13445-6:2014"with elongation after fracture higher than 15 % BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) (E) EN Scope This European Standard specifies requirements for the design, material, manufacturing and testing of pressure vessels and pressure vessel parts made from materials for which details are specified from the following material standards for specific grades which meet the criterion of an elongation after fracture less than or equal to 15 %: — !EN 1561:2011", Founding — Grey cast irons; — !EN 1563:2011", Founding — Spheroidal graphite cast irons; — !EN 13835:2012", Founding — Austenitic cast irons The allowed content of the vessel or pressure part is a fluid of group only, according to the Directive 97/23/EC Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies !EN 764-5:2014, Pressure equipment — Part 5: Inspection documentation of metallic materials and compliance with the material specification" !EN 1370:2011, Founding — Examination of surface condition" !EN 1371-1:2011, Founding — Liquid penetrant testing — Part 1: Sand, gravity die and low pressure die castings" !EN 1559-1:2011", Founding — Technical conditions of delivery — Part 1: General !EN 1559-3:2011", Founding — Technical conditions of delivery — Part 3: Additional requirements for iron castings !EN 1561:2011", Founding — Grey cast irons !EN 1563:2011", Founding — Spheroidal graphite cast irons !EN 12680-3:2011, Founding — Ultrasonic testing — Part 3: Spheroidal graphite cast iron castings" !EN 13445-3:2014", Unfired pressure vessels — Part 3: Design !EN 13445-5:2014", Unfired pressure vessels — Part 5: Inspection and testing !EN 13445-6:2014", Unfired pressure vessels — Part 6: Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure parts constructed from spheroidal graphite cast iron !EN 13835:2012", Founding — Austenitic cast irons !EN ISO 8062-3:2007", Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Dimensional and geometrical tolerances for moulded parts — Part 3: General dimensional and geometrical tolerances and machining allowances for castings (ISO 8062-3:2007) BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN (E) EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) Terms, definitions, units and symbols 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply 3.1.1 grey cast iron cast material, mainly iron and carbon based, carbon being present mainly in the form of flake (lamellar) graphite particles (!EN 1561:2011") !Note to entry:" Grey cast iron is also known as flake graphite cast iron, and less commonly as lamellar graphite cast iron !Note to entry: Grey cast irons contain 2,0 % - 4,5 % carbon and % - % silicon The structure consists of branched and interconnected graphite flakes in a matrix which is pearlite, ferrite or a mixture." 3.1.2 spheroidal graphite cast iron cast material, mainly iron and carbon-based, the carbon being present mainly in the form of spheroidal graphite particles (!EN 1563:2011") !Note to entry:" Spheroidal graphite cast iron is also known as ductile iron, and less commonly as nodular iron !Note to entry: The mechanical properties of grey irons can be greatly improved if the graphite shape is modified if molten iron, having a composition in the range 3,2 % - 4,5 % carbon and 1,8 % - 2,8 % silicon, is treated with magnesium This produces castings with graphite in spheroidal form instead of flakes, known as nodular, spheroidal graphite or ductile iron Nodular irons are available with pearlite, ferrite or pearlite-ferrite matrices which offer a combination of greater ductility and higher tensile strength than grey cast irons." 3.1.3 austenitic cast iron !cast material with an austenitic matrix which is iron and carbon and silicon based and alloyed with nickel and manganese, copper and/or chromium in order to stabilize the austenitic structure at room temperature Note to entry: The graphite can be present in flake or spheroidal form (EN 13835:2012)." 3.1.4 relevant wall thickness !wall thickness representative of the casting, defined for the determination of the size of the cast samples to which the guaranteed mechanical properties apply" 3.1.5 critical zone highly stressed area where a fracture is expected to occur in a burst test NOTE It can be caused, for example, by any of the following: — sudden change in cross section; — sharp radii; — sharp edges; BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) (E) EN — peak stresses; — stresses due to other than membrane stress; — — bending stresses; changes in curvature NOTE A critical zone is analysed by any appropriate method, e.g holographic, interferometric method, strain gauge methods, burst test, fatigue testing, FEM analysis, etc NOTE Additionally, thermal gradients and thermal stresses due to different operating wall temperatures are to be considered in defining critical zones 3.1.6 purchaser individual or organisation that buys pressure equipment, including assemblies or parts, for its own use or on behalf of the user and/or operator 3.1.7 manufacturer individual or organisation responsible for the design, fabrication, testing, inspection, installation of pressure equipment and assemblies where relevant NOTE The manufacturer may subcontract one or more of the above mentioned tasks under its responsibility 3.1.8 casting manufacturer subcontractor that produces the castings used in the manufacture of pressure equipment 3.1.9 temperature factor reduction factor applied to the 0,2 % proof strength to take account of temperature influence 3.1.10 wall thickness factor reduction factor applied to the nominal design stress to take account of reduced mechanical properties 3.1.11 stress factor ratio of peak stress to total stress 3.1.12 total stress total stress in a design model which includes all stress concentration effects, non-local and local BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) (E) EN Final assessment 7.1 General Final assessment shall be carried out according to !EN 13445-5:2014", Clause 10 except for the standard hydraulic test pressure 7.2 Hydraulic test pressure All pressure bearing cast iron parts constructed to this standard shall be hydraulically tested with a test pressure, greater or equal to: Pt = ⋅ Pd Pd, expressed in bars (see Table 1; bar = 0,1 MPa) may be taken equal to PS (15) It shall be checked that at the hydraulic test pressure no part exceeds the allowable stress specified for that part, as defined in 5.7 When the assembly consists of parts designed with different safety factors, the highest test pressure shall be applied It shall be checked that at the hydraulic test pressure no part exceeds the allowable stress specified for that part Pressure vessels assembled of a combination of parts in different materials When parts are linked by non-permanent joining (e.g bolting) with other metallic parts fabricated by welding, forging, etc to form a pressure vessel, the components made according to different fabrication techniques shall satisfy design, inspection and test requirements of the relevant clauses of !EN 13445-5:2014" Marking and documentation 9.1 Marking of castings Pressure vessel castings and cast vessel parts shall be marked at least with the following information, preferably in cast characters with a minimum height of mm: — casting manufacturer logo or identification; — type or designation; — material grade according to !EN 1561:2011", !EN 1563:2011"or !EN 13835:2012"; — cast date and mould or batch number, depending on the moulding process Cast characters, either standing proud, raised or embedded shall not cause any adverse effect on the strength, static and dynamic stability or local stress concentration of the pressure vessel or vessel parts The cast marking described above may be replaced by a coded system agreed between the parties concerned, and may also be hard stamped Traceability of the part to material and test certificates shall be guaranteed 9.2 Name plate for the complete pressure vessel The marking of the vessel shall be made according to !EN 13445-5:2014", Clause 11 30 BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN (E) EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) The cast marking described above may be replaced by a coded system agreed between the parties concerned, and may also be hard stamped 9.3 Documentation The written declaration of compliance with the standard, records and other relevant documents shall be in accordance with !EN 13445-5:2014" 31 BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) (E) EN Annex A (normative) Technical data for design calculations This annex gives for the allowable standard material grades of ferritic, pearlitic and austenitic lamellar and spheroidal graphite cast iron for pressure vessels and vessel parts the corresponding relevant technical data which shall be used for design calculations The material designation and corresponding requirements are in conformity with !EN 1561:2011", !EN 1563:2011" or !EN 13835:2012" If other materials are used, then the technical data used for calculation shall be taken from the applicable European Approval for Materials (EAM) or Particular Material Appraisal (PMA) ! Table A.1 — Tensile strength values to be used for design calculations of lamellar graphite cast irons according to EN 1561:2011 and EN 13835:2012 Material designation Tensile strength Rm (MPa) Wall thickness emin (mm) emin ≤ 50 EN-GJL-200 EN-GJL-250 250 EN-GJL-300 300 EN-GJL-350 170 EN-GJLA-XNiCuCr15-6-2 NOTE 350 140 EN-GJLA-XNiMn13-7 NOTE solutions 200 50 < emin ≤ 100 100 < emin < 200 220 200 180 260 310 140 110 160 240 280 120 90 EN-GJLA-XNiCuCr15-6-2 has good resistance to corrosion, particularly in alkali’s, dilute acids, sea water and salt EN-GJLA-XNiMn13-7 is a non-magnetisable material NOTE Tensile strength values for separately cast or cast-on samples may be found in the material standards For simplicity the above values are design values " Table A.2 — Technical data to be used for design calculations of lamellar graphite cast irons according to !EN 1561:2011"and !EN 13835:2012" Material designation elasticity Poisson’s Ratio ν EN-GJL-200 100 0,26 EN-GJL-300 120 0,26 EN-GJL-250 EN-GJL-350 EN-GJLA-XNiCuCr15-6-2 EN-GJLA-XNiMn13-7 32 Modulus of E (1 000 MPa) 110 130 95 80 0,26 0,26 0,26 0,26 Density kg/dm³ 7,15 7,2 7,25 7,3 7,3 7,4 BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN (E) EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) Table A.3 — Effect of design temperature on modulus of elasticity of lamellar graphite cast irons according to !EN 1561:2011"and !EN 13835:2012" Material designation Modulus of elasticity E (1 000 MPa) Design temperature (°C) EN-GJL-200 EN-GJL-250 EN-GJL-300 EN-GJL-350 EN-GJLA-XNiCuCr15-6-2 EN-GJLA-XNiMn13-7 20 100 150 200 250 300 350 110 108 107 106 105 104 na- 100 98 120 97 118 130 117 128 95 112 123 91 77 na- 113 124 92 78 94 114 125 93 79 95 116 127 94 80 96 121 90 76 89 75 74 Table A.4 — Technical data to be used for design calculations of spheroidal graphite cast irons according to !EN 1563:2011"and !EN 13835:2012" Material designation En-GJS-400-15 0,2 % proof Elongation Modulus of Poisson’s strength Rp0,2 after fracture elasticity E Ratio ν MPa (1 000 MPa) A% 250 EN-GJS-450-10 310 EN-GJS-500-7 320 EN-GJS-600-3 15 10 370 EN-GJS-700-2 EN-GJSA-XNiCr30-3 10 240 210 EN-GJSA-XNiSiCr30-5-5 EN-GJSA-XNiCr35-3 120 140 100 90 kg/dm3 7,1 7,1 7,1 7,2 7,2 120 210 0,275 176 200 169 174 210 EN-GJSA-XNiSiCr35-5-2 210 EN-GJSA-XNiCrNb20-2 169 420 EN-GJSA-XNiCr20-2 169 Density 7,4 7,4 7,45 0,17 7,45 7,45 115 7,70 Table A.5 — Effect of design temperature on modulus of elasticity of spheroidal graphite cast irons according to !EN 1563:2011" Modulus of elasticity E (1 000 MPa) Material designation EN-GJS-400-15 EN-GJS-450-10 EN-GJS-500-7 EN-GJS-600-3 EN-GJS-700-2 Design temperature (°C) 20 100 150 200 250 300 169 167 165 163 161 159 169 167 169 174 176 166 171 172 165 164 168 170 163 161 166 168 161 159 164 166 159 157 162 164 33 BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) (E) EN Table A.6 — Effect of design temperature on modulus of elasticity of austenitic spheroidal graphite cast irons according to !EN 13835:2012" Modulus of elasticity E (1 000 MPa) Material designation EN-GJSA-XNiCr20-2 EN-GJSA-XNiCrNb20-2 EN-GJSA-XNiSiCr35-5-2 EN-GJSA-XNiCr30-3 EN-GJSA-XNiSiCr30-5-5 EN-GJSA-XNiCr35-3 34 Design temperature (°C) 20 120 120 140 100 90 115 100 200 300 400 500 540 118 116 113 111 108 107 118 138 98 89 113 116 135 96 87 111 113 132 94 85 109 111 129 92 83 106 108 127 90 81 104 107 125 89 80 103 BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN (E) EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) Annex B (informative) Recommendations for in-service validation and inspection B.1 Purpose This annex gives recommendations for the continued acceptance of cast equipment made according to this standard in service The instructions for use issued by the manufacturer may contain requirements for in-service inspections and may contain recommendations for re-inspections depending on the design, service and required service life B.2 Tests during operation Every pressure vessel or pressure vessel part should be externally and, if necessary, internally inspected (by non-destructive methods) at a period not later than: a) static loading: the calculated allowable fatigue lifetime according to 5.8.3 of this standard; b) dynamic loading 1) for D ≤ 0,3: the calculated allowable fatigue lifetime according to 5.8.3 of this standard; 2) for D > 0,3: at half of the calculated allowable fatigue lifetime according to 5.8.3 of this standard If no cracks or unacceptable imperfection has been found, further service up to the next inspection may not be later than the allowable calculated fatigue lifetime If cracks or unacceptable imperfection has been found, further service is prohibited and the cause of such defects should be investigated 35 BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) (E) EN Annex C (informative) Examples of fatigue design curves Reference is made to the methods described in 5.8.3 of this standard A design curve is shown below as an example The same methodology may be used to construct other material grades design curves, although all calculation information is retained in the respective formulas according to 5.8.3.2 for simplified method and 5.8.3.3 for detailed method of this standard The fatigue design curves and descriptions below serving as examples only Table C.1 — Fatigue design curve for grey cast iron – Simplified assessment Material parameter Designation and property Material grade: EN-GJL-250 Condition: Minimum thickness emin: Tensile strength Rm: Fatigue design curve between 103 and 106 cycles, MPa: Fatigue design curve for constant amplitude loading between 106 and 108 cycles, MPa: Fatigue design curve for cumulative damage loading between 106 and 108 cycles, MPa: Cut-off limit at 108 cycles, MPa: 36 Table A.1 as-cast 45 mm = ∆σ R 170 MPa 1, 440 ⋅170 245 = 1 N N ∆σ D= 0, 200 ⋅170= 34 = ∆σ R Reference 0, 797 ⋅170 135 = 1 N N ∆σ cut = 0,126 ⋅170= 21, Table 10 Table A.1 Table A.1 5.8.3.2 5.8.3.2 5.8.3.2 5.8.3.2 BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN (E) EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) Key cumulative damage loading X N cycles Y ΔσR (MPa) Figure C.1 — Fatigue design curve for EN-GJL-250-Simplified assessment Table C.2 — Fatigue design curve for spheroidal graphite cast iron – Detailed assessment Material parameter Material grade: Fatigue design curve between 103 and × 106 cycles, MPa: Fatigue design curve for constant amplitude loading between × 106 and 108 cycles, MPa: Fatigue design curve for cumulative damage loading between × 106 and 108 cycles, MPa: Cut-off limit at 108 cycles, MPa: Designation and property EN-GJS-500-7 1255 ∆σ R =1 N 10 ∆σ D = 294 1255 ∆σ R =1 N 10 ∆σ cut = 199 Reference !EN 1563:2011" Table A.4 Table 5.5.6, and Table 5.5.8 D.7.9 Table 5.5.8 Table 5.5.6, Table 5.5.8 D.7.9 and Table 5.5.8 37 BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) (E) EN Key cumulative damage loading X N cycles Y ΔσR (MPa) Figure C.2 — Fatigue design curve for EN-GJS-500-7-Detailed assessment 38 BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN (E) EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 97/23/EC Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations ! Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between EN 15776 and Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC Clauses of this European Standard Content Essential requirements of Directive 97/23/EC, Annex I 5.3.2, 5.3.3, 5.3.4 Designed for adequate strength based on calculation method 2.2.2 5.5.3, 5.3.4, Pressure containment and other loading aspects 2.2.3(a) 5.1 5.3.2, 5.3.3, 5.8.3, 5.8, Annex A 5.8.2.4 6.1 9.1 6.3 7.2 9.2 4.1, Annex A Annex A Calculation method Technical data for design calculations Experimental design method Manufacturing procedures Traceability Final assessment Visual testing and examination Pressure test Marking and labelling Materials for pressurized parts Design calculation values for materials and the essential characteristics of materials and the treatment 2.2.3 2.2.3(b) 2.2.4 3.1 3.1.5 3.2.1 and 3.2.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.3(a) 4.2 (a)(c) 4.2(a) " WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard 39 BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) (E) EN Bibliography [1] [2] [3] HASSE S Duktiles Gusseisen: Handbuch für Gusserzeuger und Gussverwender – Berlin: Schiele und Schön, 1996 ISBN 7949 0604 DEIKE R.A Gusseisen mit lamellengraphit-Eigenschaften und Anwendung Mechanische Eigenschaften bei zyklischer Beanspruchung, Konstruieren + Giessen, 25 Nr 2, (2000) p 26-28 ISO 185:2005, Grey cast irons — Classification [4] FORSCHUNGSKURATORIUM MASCHINENBAU (FKM) Rechnerischer Festigkeitsnachweis für Maschienenbauteile, 5e uitgave VDMA Verlag, 2003 [6] Data Handbook for Grey Irons, The casting Development Centre, 1999 [5] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] 40 Hänel, B., Kleding, H en Wirthgen, G., Wechselfestigkeit vo Flachproben aus Grauguss, Vorhaben 183, Abschlussbericht, Forschungshefte – FKM- Nr 221; 1996 GLASS W Statische und dynamische Festigkeitswerte zeigen das mögliche Potenzial von unlegiertem Gusseisen mit Lamellengraphit, Konstuieren + Giessen, 29 Nr 3, (2004) p 12-15 HÄNCHEN R Dauerfestigkeitsbilder für Stahl und Gusseisen Carl Hanser Verlag, München, 1963 STELLER I Literatuuronderzoek mechanische eigenschappen lamellair gietijzer VDG, Dusseldorf, 2004 Luyendijk, T., De invloed van de vorm van de grafiet op de vermoeiingseigenschappen van gietijzer, Gietwerk Perspectief, jrg 5, No (1985) p 13-16 en Gietwerk Perspectief, jrg 5, No (1985), p 17-20 Konstruieren und Giessen 25(2000) Nr FORSCHUNGSKURATORIUM MASCHINENBAU (FKM) Rechnerischer Festigkeitsnachweis für Maschienenbauteile, 5e uitgave VDMA Verlag, 2003 Kikkert, J, Dynamic properties of lamellar and spheroidal graphite cast iron, Gietwerk Perspectief, 2006, Nr 1, p 31-39 !EN 1369:2012, Founding — Magnetic particle testing" EN 837-1:1996, Pressure gauges — Part 1: Bourdon type pressure gauges — Dimensions, metrology, requirements and testing EN 837-3, Pressure gauges — Part 3: Diaphragm and capsule pressure gauges — Dimensions, metrology, requirements and testing EN 12681, Founding — Radiographic examination !EN ISO 945-1:2008, Microstructure of cast irons — Part 1: Graphite classification by visual analysis (ISO 945-1:2008)" BS EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 EN (E) EN 15776:2011+A1:2015 15776:2011+A1:2015 (E) [19] [20] EN 764-2:2002, Pressure equipment — Part 2: Quantities, symbols and units EN 10204:2004, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents 41 This page deliberately left blank This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited About us Revisions We bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators and others to shape their combined experience and expertise into standards 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