BSI Standards Publication BS EN 12697 42 2012 Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 42 Amount of foreign matter in reclaimed asphalt BS EN 12697 42 2012 BRITISH STANDARD National[.]
BS EN 12697-42:2012 BSI Standards Publication Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt Part 42: Amount of foreign matter in reclaimed asphalt BS EN 12697-42:2012 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12697-42:2012 It supersedes BS EN 12697-42:2005 which is withdrawn The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/510/1, Asphalt products A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2013 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013 ISBN 978 580 78259 ICS 93.080.20 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2013 Amendments issued since publication Date Text affected BS EN 12697-42:2012 EN 12697-42 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM November 2012 ICS 93.080.20 Supersedes EN 12697-42:2005 English Version Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 42: Amount of foreign matter in reclaimed asphalt Mélanges bitumineux - Méthodes d'essai pour mélange hydrocarboné chaud - Partie 42: Quantité de matériaux étrangers présents dans les agrégats d'enrobés Asphalt - Prüfverfahren für Heißasphalt - Teil 42: Fremdstoffgehalt in Ausbauasphalt This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 October 2012 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 12697-42:2012: E BS EN 12697-42:2012 EN 12697-42:2012 (E) Content Page Foreword 3 Scope 6 Normative references 6 Terms and definitions 6 Principle 7 Apparatus .7 Preparation of the sample .7 Procedure .7 Expression of results 8 Test report 8 10 Precision data 9 Annex A (informative) Amount of foreign matter in finer fractions 10 A.1 General 10 A.2 Additional definitions 10 A.3 Apparatus 10 A.4 Preparation of the sample 10 A.5 Procedure 11 A.6 Expression of results 11 A.7 Test report 11 BS EN 12697-42:2012 EN 12697-42:2012 (E) Foreword This document (EN 12697-42:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2013 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document supersedes EN 12697-42:2005 Compared with EN 12697-42:2005, the following significant changes have been made: — definition of coarse foreign matter includes mm minimum size; — solvent for hydrocarbons made less specific; — classifications for material brought directly into line with those in EN 13108-8; — source of reclaimed asphalt to be reported clarified; — annex for analysis of finer material added WARNING — The methods described in this European Standard require the use of solvents that are hazardous to health and are subject to occupational exposure limits as described in relevant legislation and regulations Exposure levels are related to both handling procedures and ventilation provision and it is emphasised that adequate training should be given to staff employed in the usage of these substances EN 12697, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt contains the following parts: Part 1: Soluble binder content Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution Part 3: Bitumen recovery: Rotary evaporator Part 4: Bitumen recovery: Fractionating column Part 5: Determination of the maximum density Part 6: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens Part 7: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens by gamma rays Part 8: Determination of void characteristics of bituminous specimens Part 9: Determination of the reference density Part 10: Compactability BS EN 12697-42:2012 EN 12697-42:2012 (E) Part 11: Determination of the affinity between aggregate and bitumen Part 12: Determination of the water sensitivity of bituminous specimens Part 13: Temperature measurement Part 14: Water content Part 15: Determination of the segregation sensitivity Part 16: Abrasion by studded tyres Part 17: Particle loss of porous asphalt specimen Part 18: Binder drainage Part 19: Permeability of specimen Part 20: Indentation using cube or cylindrical specimens (CY) Part 21: Indentation using plate specimens Part 22: Wheel tracking Part 23: Determination of the indirect tensile strength of bituminous specimens Part 24: Resistance to fatigue Part 25: Cyclic compression test Part 26: Stiffness Part 27: Sampling Part 28: Preparation of samples for determining binder content, water content and grading Part 29: Determination of the dimensions of a bituminous specimen Part 30: Specimen preparation by impact compactor Part 31: Specimen preparation by gyratory compactor Part 32: Laboratory compaction of bituminous mixtures by a vibratory compactor Part 33: Specimen prepared by roller compactor Part 34: Marshall test Part 35: Laboratory mixing Part 36: Determination of the thickness of a bituminous pavement Part 37: Hot sand test for the adhesivity of binder on precoated chippings for HRA Part 38: Common equipment and calibration BS EN 12697-42:2012 EN 12697-42:2012 (E) Part 39: Binder content by ignition Part 40: In situ drainability Part 41: Resistance to de-icing fluids Part 42: Amount of coarse foreign matter in reclaimed asphalt (the present document) Part 43: Resistance to fuel Part 44: Crack propagation by semi-circular bending test Part 45: Saturation ageing tensile stiffness (SATS) conditioning test Part 46: Low temperature cracking and properties by uniaxial tension tests Part 47: Determination of the ash content of natural asphalts Part 48: Interlayer bonding — Torque bond test (TBT), Shear bond test (SBT), Tensile Adhesion Test (TAT)1) Part 49: Determination of friction after polishing Part 50: Resistance to scuffing 1) 1) According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom 1) In preparation BS EN 12697-42:2012 EN 12697-42:2012 (E) Scope This European Standard specifies a visual method of determining the amount and components of coarse foreign matter in reclaimed asphalt A method for determining the amount and components of finer foreign matter in reclaimed asphalt is given in Annex A This method does not completely categorise the foreign matter that can occur in asphalt NOTE For the use of reclaimed asphalt in asphalt mixtures, it is important to know the components in the reclaimed asphalt and to what extent coarse foreign matter is present that can influence the properties of the asphalt mix NOTE The method is not intended to categorise all foreign materials but rather to ensure that the amount of coarse foreign materials are minimised Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 932-1:1996, Test for general properties of aggregates — Part 1: Methods for sampling EN 933-2, Test for geometrical properties of aggregates — Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution — Test sieves, nominal size of apertures EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 27: Sampling Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 932-1:1996 and the following apply 3.1 reclaimed asphalt asphalt made reusable by milling of asphalt road layers, by crushing of lumps torn up from asphalt pavements and asphalt from surplus production 3.2 coarse foreign matter matter that is greater in size than mm in reclaimed asphalt not derived from asphalt pavements or surplus production, and cold asphalt produced with cut-back bitumen 3.3 primary source quarry or pit from which aggregate has traditionally been used successfully in the manufacture of one or more types of asphalt 3.4 secondary source quarry, pit or other source from which aggregate has not traditionally been used successfully in the manufacture of any type of asphalt BS EN 12697-42:2012 EN 12697-42:2012 (E) Principle The test methodology for determining the amount and components of coarse foreign matter in reclaimed asphalt consists of the visual inspection and determination of the composition of two sub-samples, taken from a representative sample of reclaimed asphalt NOTE An optional method for determining the amount and components of finer foreign matter in reclaimed asphalt is given in Annex A Apparatus 5.1 Sieve, with a nominal aperture size of mm, conforming to EN 933-2 5.2 Balance to weight to g 5.3 Sampling divider, conforming to either EN 932-1 or EN 12697-27 5.4 Hydrochloric acid, mol/l 5.5 Solvent for hydrocarbons 5.6 Water Preparation of the sample 6.1 The reclaimed asphalt on the feedstock shall be visually inspected for the presence of coarse foreign materials When coarse foreign matter is present, take a representative sample of reclaimed asphalt from the feedstock The sample shall be at least 20 kg 6.2 Sieve the sample using the sieve described in 5.1 Take the portion of the sample remaining in the sieve and divide it into two sub-samples by means of the sampling divider NOTE The composition of the fraction of the sample remaining in the sieve is taken to be representative of the composition of the total amount of reclaimed asphalt from which the sample was taken Procedure 7.1 The two sub-samples shall be visually inspected for the presence of coarse foreign matter and the composition of each sub-sample shall be established as specified in 7.2 Each sub-sample shall be visually inspected and its composition determined and the two analyses shall be independent of each other NOTE Cold asphalt produced with cut-back bitumen may be hard to distinguish from "asphalt" However, in that case, the cold asphalt may be considered as “asphalt”: any cut-back in the reclaimed asphalt will affect binder Distinction is favourable as the presence of flux may influence the final binder properties to an unwanted level or may lead to safety risks during the production of recycling asphalt NOTE Because of the strong influence of the analyst on the test result executing the test twice by two independent analyses is required 7.2 Each sub-sample shall be sorted into: a) natural aggregate and material derived from asphalt; b) group materials such as: BS EN 12697-42:2012 EN 12697-42:2012 (E) c) 1) cement concrete, including cement concrete products; 2) bricks; 3) sub base materials (excluding natural aggregate); 4) cement mortar; 5) metal group materials such as: 1) synthetic materials; 2) wood; 3) plastics NOTE If necessary, washing the material with water before inspection may be helpful in order to facilitate the inspection NOTE In case of doubt, the presence of concrete can be proved by use of hydrochloric acid, and asphalt by use of dichloromethane 7.3 The mass of asphalt, cold asphalt produced with cut-back bitumen and coarse foreign matter not derived from asphalt (divided into side materials and other materials), shall each be determined to an accuracy of g 7.4 Calculate the content of asphalt, cold asphalt produced with cut-back bitumen and coarse foreign matter not derived from asphalt (divided into side materials and other materials) in the sub-sample, as a percentage by mass, to an accuracy of 0,1 % by mass 7.5 If the mass of coarse foreign matter obtained from the sub-samples by each independent analysis differs from that obtained by the other independent analysis by more than % by mass, the cause of this difference shall be investigated If no explanation for a difference in mass is found, a new representative sample is taken and the test is performed once more Expression of results Calculate the content of material derived from asphalt, coarse foreign matter derived from asphalt and coarse foreign matter not derived from asphalt, expressed as the average of the results of both analyses, to an accuracy of 0,1 % by mass Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) identification of the feedstock; b) source of reclaimed asphalt (mixture and locations from which the feedstock has been derived, if known); c) tonnage of the feedstock; BS EN 12697-42:2012 EN 12697-42:2012 (E) d) content of material derived from asphalt, coarse foreign matter derived from asphalt and coarse foreign matter not derived from asphalt, expressed as the average of the results of both independent analyses, to an accuracy of 0,1 % by mass; e) date on which and the time at which the test was carried out 10 Precision data Precision data are not available BS EN 12697-42:2012 EN 12697-42:2012 (E) Annex A (informative) Amount of foreign matter in finer fractions A.1 General Generally, the finer fractions of foreign matter in a sample of reclaimed asphalt are assumed to be similar to that of the coarse foreign matter However, there are situations which cast doubt on that assumption, including: when the reclaimed asphalt is exposed to significant amounts of small wind-blown detritus; when the reclaimed asphalt has been transported in vehicles previously used for a material of predominant size less than mm without adequate cleaning; and when the reclaimed has been stored alongside a material of predominant size less than mm In such circumstances, testing a smaller fraction may be considered to be prudent Testing for smaller fractions of foreign matter will be considerably more difficult than testing for coarse foreign matter, and it is assumed that the repeatability and reproducibility will be significantly greater (although no precision studies have been undertaken as yet) Therefore, undertaking such tests is only required when strictly necessary A.2 Additional definitions finer foreign matter matter that is greater in size than mm but smaller than mm in reclaimed asphalt not derived from asphalt pavements or surplus production, and cold asphalt produced with cut-back bitumen Note to entry: It is also possible to use fractions 6,3/8 mm or 5,6/8 mm, but the result will not be for the finer foreign matter as defined here The fraction actually tested needs to be clearly associated with the result in any report A.3 Apparatus A.2.1 Equipment defined in Clause A.2.2 Sieve, with a nominal aperture size of mm, conforming to EN 933-2 NOTE It is possible to use a sieve with a nominal dimension of 6,3 mm or 5,6 mm A.4 Preparation of the sample A.3.1 The reclaimed asphalt on the feedstock shall be visually inspected for the presence of finer foreign materials When finer foreign matter is present, take a representative sample of reclaimed asphalt from the feedstock A.3.2 Sieve the sample using the sieves described in 5.1 and A.2.2 Take the portion of the sample passing the first sieve but remaining in the second sieve and divide it into two sub-samples by means of the sampling divider Both sub-samples shall contain between 100 and 200 particles 10 BS EN 12697-42:2012 EN 12697-42:2012 (E) NOTE The composition of the fraction of the sample remaining in the sieve is taken to be representative of the composition of the total amount of reclaimed asphalt from which the sample was taken NOTE The sample retained on the sieve when determining the coarse foreign material can be used for determining the finer foreign material after removing the undersized The sample can be reduced to the correct number of particles by splitting the sample and discarding half, repeating as necessary A.5 Procedure Follow the procedure in Clause except for finer foreign matter rather coarse foreign matter A.6 Expression of results Calculate the content of material derived from asphalt, finer foreign matter derived from asphalt and finer foreign matter not derived from asphalt, expressed as the average of the results of both analyses, to an accuracy of 0,1 % by mass A.7 Test report The test report shall include the information in Clause together with: a) content of material derived from asphalt, finer foreign matter derived from asphalt and finer foreign matter not derived from asphalt, expressed as the average of the results of both independent analyses, to an accuracy of 0,1 % by mass; b) fraction size tested 11 This page deliberately left blank This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited About us Revisions We bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators and others to shape their combined experience and expertise into standards -based solutions Our British Standards and other publications are updated by amendment or revision The knowledge embodied in our standards has been carefully assembled in a dependable format and refined through our open consultation process Organizations of all sizes and across all sectors choose standards to help them achieve their goals Information on standards We can provide you with the knowledge that your organization needs to succeed Find out more about British Standards by visiting our website at bsigroup.com/standards or contacting our Customer Services team or Knowledge Centre Buying standards You can buy and download PDF versions of BSI publications, including British and adopted European and international standards, through our website at bsigroup.com/shop, where hard copies can also be purchased If you need international and foreign standards from other Standards Development Organizations, hard copies can be ordered from our Customer Services team Subscriptions Our range of subscription services are designed to make using standards easier for you For further information on our subscription products go to bsigroup.com/subscriptions With British Standards Online (BSOL) you’ll have instant access to over 55,000 British and adopted European and international standards from your desktop It’s available 24/7 and is refreshed daily so you’ll always be up to date You can keep in touch with standards developments and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards, both in single copy and subscription format, by becoming a BSI Subscribing Member PLUS is an updating service exclusive to BSI Subscribing Members You will automatically receive the latest hard copy of your standards when they’re revised or replaced To find out more about becoming a BSI Subscribing Member and the benefits of membership, please visit bsigroup.com/shop With a Multi-User Network Licence (MUNL) you are able to host standards publications on your intranet Licences can cover as few or as many users as you wish With updates supplied as soon as they’re available, you can be sure your documentation is current For further information, email bsmusales@bsigroup.com BSI Group Headquarters 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL UK We continually improve the quality of our products and services to benefit your business If you find an inaccuracy or ambiguity within a British Standard or other BSI publication please inform the Knowledge Centre Copyright All the data, software and documentation set out in all British Standards and other BSI publications are the property of and copyrighted by BSI, or some person or entity that owns copyright in the information used (such as the international standardization bodies) and has formally licensed such information to BSI for commercial publication and use Except as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without prior written permission from BSI Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright & Licensing Department Useful Contacts: Customer Services Tel: +44 845 086 9001 Email (orders): orders@bsigroup.com Email (enquiries): cservices@bsigroup.com Subscriptions Tel: +44 845 086 9001 Email: subscriptions@bsigroup.com Knowledge Centre Tel: +44 20 8996 7004 Email: knowledgecentre@bsigroup.com Copyright & Licensing Tel: +44 20 8996 7070 Email: copyright@bsigroup.com