BRITISH STANDARD Agricultural machinery Ð Rotary mowers and flail-mowers Ð Safety ICS 65.060.70 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BS EN 745:1999 +A1:2009 BS EN 745:1999+A1:2009 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 745:1999+A1:2009 It supersedes BS EN 745:1999, which is withdrawn The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !" The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AGE/32, Agricultural implements and trailers A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 September 1999 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments 30 September 2009 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2009 © BSI 2009 ISBN 978 580 62819 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 745:1999+A1 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM July 2009 ICS 65.060.50 Supersedes EN 745:1999 English Version Agricultural machinery - Rotary mowers and flail-mowers Safety Matériel agricole - Faucheuses rotatives et faucheusesbroyeuses - Sécurité Landmaschinen - Kreiselmähwerke und Schlegelmäher Sicherheit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 February 1999 and includes Amendment approved by CEN on 23 May 2009 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the respons bility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 745:1999+A1:2009: E EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Contents Page Foreword Introduction Scope Normative references Definitions 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 Safety requirements and/or measures General Protection against unintentional contact with the tools Protection against ejection of projectiles other than parts of the machine 11 Protection during handling and transport 13 Additional safety requirements for conditioning device fitted to mowers 14 Adjustment controls 16 Blades 17 5.1 5.2 Verification of safety requirements and/or measures 17 Stone ejection test 17 Testing of protective canvas 31 6.1 6.2 Information for use 32 Instruction handbook 32 Marking 33 ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Annex A (normative) List of hazards 34 Annex B (informative) Stone projection test - Data recording sheet - Rotary mowers 39 Annex C (informative) Stone projection test - Data recording sheet - Flail mowers 42 Annex D (informative) Illustrations of mowers 43 D.1 Illustrations of mowers dealt with in this standard 43 D.2 Example of mower with articulated arm, not dealt with in this standard 45 Annex E (informative) Examples of pictograms 46 Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC" " 48 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC" " 49 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Foreword This document (EN 745:1999+A1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 144 “Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2010 This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2009-05-23 This European Standard supersedes EN 745:1999 The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! " This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s) !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document." Annex A is normative and contains the "list of hazards" ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Introduction The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this standard These hazards are specific to rotary mowers and flail-mowers The hazards that are common to all agriculture machines (self-propelled, mounted, semi-mounted and trailed) will be dealt with in a standard currently in preparation (prEN 1553) Scope This standard specifies specific safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of rotary mowers and flail-mowers with one or several vertical axes or a horizontal axis, mounted, semi-mounted, trailed or self-propelled This standard is also applicable to mowers equipped with a conditioning device This standard applies only to mowers intended to work at ground level NOTE Examples of such machines are given in annex D.1 It does not apply to: ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ mowers with an articulated arm; NOTE An example of such a machine is given in annex D.2 pedestrian controlled motor mowers (dealt with in prEN 127331) ); lawn mowers or machines designed as lawn mowers dealt with in EN 836; inter-row mowing units (dealt with in prEN ) 1) In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer The list of significant hazards dealt with in this standard is given in annex A Annex A also indicates the hazards which have not been dealt with Environmental aspects have not been considered in this standard This standard applies primarily to machines which are manufactured after the date of issue of the standard Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to 1) in preparation 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology EN 292-2:1991, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2: Technical principles and specifications (including amendment A1:1995) EN 294:1992, Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs EN 836:1997, Garden equipment - Powered lawnmowers – Safety prEN 1553:1998, Agricultural machinery - Agricultural self-propelled, mounted, semi-mounted and trailed machines - Common safety requirements prEN 12733:1997, Agricultural and forestry machinery - Pedestrian controlled motor mowers – Safety ISO 525:1986, Bonded abrasive products - General - Designation, marking, range of outside diameters and tolerances ISO 730-1:1994, Agricultural wheeled tractors – Rear-mounted three-point-linkage - Part 1: Categories 1, 2, and ISO 845: 1988, Cellular plastics and rubbers - Determination of apparent (bulk) density ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ ISO 2288:1997, Agricultural tractors and machines – Engine test code (bench test) – Net power ISO 2758:1983, Paper - Determination of bursting strength ISO 4004:1983, Agricultural tractors and machinery – Track widths ISO 5718-1:1989, Harvesting equipment - Flat blades for rotary mowers - Specifications - Part 1: Type A flat blades ISO 5718-2:1991, Harvesting equipment - Flat blades for rotary mowers - Part 2: Specifications for type B flat blades Definitions For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in EN 292-1:1991 and EN 292-2:1991 apply together with the following NOTE Annex D.1 gives illustrations of mowers and components 3.1 rotary mower Mower that cuts the grass without mulching it so that it can subsequently be picked up 3.2 flail mower Mower that cuts the grass and mulches it with the same tools, the mulched grass being left on the soil 3.3 conditioning device Mechanical device for accelerating the crop drying process EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) 3.4 swath board Adjustable device for controlling the swath width 3.5 rigid imperforate guard Inflexible guard without holes 3.6 vertical axes mower Mower where each cutting head rotates about a vertical axis 3.7 horizontal axis mower Mower where the tools rotate about a horizontal axis Safety requirements and/or measures 4.1 General The machinery shall comply as appropriate with EN 292 for hazards which are not dealt with and especially with annex A of EN 292-2:1991/A1:1995 when EN 292 does not give precise requirements Unless otherwise specified in this standard, the machine shall comply with the requirements of prEN 1553:1998 and with tables 1, 3, and of EN 294:1992 4.2 ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Protection against unintentional contact with the tools 4.2.1 General The mower shall be designed or guarded in such a way that any unintentional contact with the tools at the front, at the rear, at the sides and on the top is prevented: 4.2.1.1 Vertical axes mower The top protection shall be achieved by a rigid imperforate guard or by the device used to prevent projections (see 4.3); At the sides, the protection shall be achieved by: a barrier located in such a way that the distances defined in figure are respected These distances are measured from the tool path and with the mower in working position, the cutting height being adjusted at 50 mm or as near as possible to 50 mm; This barrier may be removable or folded for transport The removal of the barrier shall only be possible by use of a tool; and/or a rigid imperforate guard, located near the tools and in such a way that its lower edge extends below the tool path by a minimum of mm (see figure 2); On the front and at the rear, the protection shall be achieved by a barrier located in such a way that the distances as defined in figure are respected 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Dimensions in millimetres ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ c - Area in which the barrier shall be located d - Tool path e - Ground Figure — Vertical axes mower - Protection ensured by a barrier EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Dimensions in millimetres c - Guard d - Tool path e - Ground ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Figure — Vertical axes mower - Lateral protection ensured by a rigid imperforate guard 4.2.1.2 Horizontal axis mower Top protection shall be achieved by a rigid imperforate guard At the sides, the protection shall be achieved by a rigid imperforate guard, located near the tools and in such a way that its lower edge extends below the tool path by a minimum of mm Above point M, the guard shall extend at least 200 mm beyond the tool path Below point M, the guard shall not be above line W (see figure 3) On the front and at the rear, protection shall be achieved by a barrier located in such a way that the distances as defined in figure are respected 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Table A.1 (continued) Relevant clauses (informative) Hazards EN 292-1 Thermal hazards resulting in : 3.1 EN 292-2 3.6.3 - burns ans scalds, by a possible contact of persons, by 4.4 flames or explosions and also by the radiation of heat sources - not dealt with (only relevant for self- propelled machines) 3.2 health-damaging effects by hot or cold work environment 4.4 - not relevant Hazards generated by noise, resulting in : 4.5 3.6.3 - 4.1 hearing losses (deafness), other physiological disorders 4.5 (e.g loss of balance, loss of awareness) - 4.2 interferences signals, etc - Hazards generated by vibration (resulting in a variety of 4.6 neurological and vascular disorders) 3.6.3 Hazards generated by radiation, especially by : - 6.1 electrical arcs - - not relevant 6.2 lasers - - not relevant 6.3 ionizing radiation sources 4.7 - not relevant 6.4 machines making use of high frequency electromagnetic fields - not relevant Hazards generated by materials and substances 4.8 processed, used or exhausted by machinery 3.3 b) - 7.1 hazards resulting from contact with or inhalation of harmful 4.8 fluids, gases, mists, fumes and dusts - not relevant 7.2 fire or explosion hazard 4.8 - not relevant 7.3 biological and micro-biological (viral or bacterial) hazards 4.8 - not relevant Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles 4.9 in machine design (mismatch of machinery with human characteristics and abilities) caused for example by : 3.6 - 8.1 unhealthy postures or excessive efforts 3.6.1, 3.6.4 dealt with in 4.4, 6.1 8.2 inadequate consideration of human hand-arm or foot-leg 4.9 anatomy 3.6.2 not relevant 8.3 neglected use of personal protection equipment 5.5 - not relevant 8.4 inadequate area lighting - 3.6.5 not relevant 8.5 mental overload or underload, stress, etc 4.9 3.6.4 not relevant 8.6 human error 4.9 3.6 dealt with in 6.1, 6.2 with speech 4.4 Solutions given by this standard communication, acoustic 4.5 4.7 4.9 * not dealt with not relevant * not dealt with - (continued) 36 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Table A.1 (concluded) Relevant clauses (informative) Hazards Solutions given by this standard EN 292-1 EN 292-2 Hazard combinations 4.10 10 Hazards caused by failure of energy supply, breaking down of machinery parts and other functional disorders, for example : 5.2.2 - 10.1 failure of energy supply (of energy and/or control circuits) 3.16 3.7 dealt with in 4.4 10.2 unexpected ejection of machine parts or fluids - 3.8, 10.3 failure, malfunction of control system (unexpected start up, unexpected overrun) 3.15, 3.16, 3.7 3.17 not dealt with 10.4 errors of fitting - - dealt with in 6.1 10.5 overturn, unexpected loss of machine stability 4.2.2 6.2.5 dealt with in 6.1 11 Hazards caused by (temporary) missing and/or incorrectly positioned safety-related measures/means, for example : - - 11.1 all kinds of guard 3.22 4.2 11.2 all kinds of safety related (protection) devices 3.23 4.2 dealt with in 6.1, 6.2 11.3 starting and stopping devices - 3.7 Partly dealt with in 6.1 ; not dealt with for self-propelled not relevant partly dealt with in 4.7, 6.1 partly dealt with in 6.1, 6.2 machines 11.4 safety signs and signals - 3.6.7, 5.2, dealt with in 6.1 5.3, 5.4 11.5 all kinds of information or warning devices - 5.4 not relevant 11.6 energy supply disconnecting devices - 6.2.2 not relevant 11.7 emergency devices - 6.1 not relevant 11.8 feeding/removal means of workpieces - 3.11 not relevant 11.9 essential equipment and accessories for safe adjusting and/or maintaining 3.3, 3.11, 6.2.1, 3.1.2 6.2.3, 6.2.6 dealt with in 6.1, 6.2 11.10 equipment evacuating gases, etc - not relevant - * * * * 37 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Table A.2 — List of hazards due to mobility Hazards Solutions given by this standard 12 Inadequate lighting of moving/working area not dealt with (only relevant for self-propelled machines) 13 Hazards due to sudden movement, instability, etc dealt with in 4.4, 6.1, 6.2 14 Inadequate/unergonomic design of driving/operating position - 14.1 hazards due to dangerous environments (contact with moving parts, exhaust gases etc) not dealt with (only relevant for self-propelled machines) * 14.2 inadequate visibility from driver's/operator's position not dealt with (only relevant for self-propelled machines) * 14.3 inadequate seat/seating (seat index point) not dealt with (only relevant for self-propelled machines) * 14.4 inadequate/unergonomic design/positioning of controls not dealt with 14.5 starting/moving of machinery not dealt with (only relevant for self-propelled machines) 14.6 traffic of machinery not dealt with (only relevant for self-propelled machines) 14.7 movement of pedestrian controlled machinery not relevant 15 - Mechanical hazards 15.1 hazards to exposed persons due to uncontrolled movement dealt with in 4.4, 6.1, 6.2 15.2 hazards due to break-up and/or ejection of parts dealt with in 4.7, 6.1, 6.2 * 15.3 hazards due to rolling over (deflection limiting volume : not dealt with (only relevant for self-propelled machines) DVL) 15.4 hazards due to falling objects (DVL) not relevant 15.5 inadequate means of access not dealt with * 15.6 hazards caused due to towing, coupling, connecting, transmission, etc not dealt with * 15.7 hazards due to batteries, fire emissions etc not dealt with (only relevant for self-propelled machines) * 38 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Annex B (informative) Stone projection test - Data recording sheet - Rotary mowers Sheet : Date : Manufacturer : Type : Model : Serial no : Vertical axes mower No of rotor : No of blades/rotor Nominal rotation frequency -1: Working width : Type of attachment : Test no : Panel No of impacts Height zone nd run st test st run Middle Upper Operator 7 39 Panel EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) No of impacts Height zone Middle Upper st run test nd nd run 40 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 Operator panel EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) No of impacts Height zone Middle Upper Operator nd run Complementary test st run Surface of middle zone (m²) : ……… 1st test No of impacts middle zone No of impacts/m² : ……… : ……… 2nd test No of impacts middle zone No of impacts/m² : ……… : ……… Complementary test No of impacts middle zone No of impacts/m2 : ……… : ……… 41 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Annex C (informative) Stone projection test - Data recording sheet - Flail mowers Sheet : Date : Manufacturer : Type : Model : Serial No : Vertical axes mower No of rotors : No of blades/rotor : Horizontal axis mower No of tools : Nominal rotation frequency min-1 : Working width : Sector N° Type of attachment : Test no : No.of impacts - 1st test Height zone Middle Upper r r Tt r r Tt No of impacts - 2nd test Height zone Middle Upper r r Tt r r Tt No of impacts - complementary test Height zone Middle Upper r r Tt r r Tt 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 No of impacts Operator's zone 1st test 1st r 2nd r Total No of impacts Operator's zone 2nd test 1st r 2nd r Total No of impacts Operator's zone Complementary test 1st r 2nd r Total 42 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Annex D (informative) Illustrations of mowers D.1 Illustrations of mowers dealt with in this standard These examples are functional representations of the mowers and not give an illustration of the safety measures required by the standard Figure D.1 — Self-propelled mower c - Protective skirt d - Cutting head Figure D.2 — Basic rotary disc mower 43 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) c - Protective skirt d - Cutting head Figure D.3 — Basic rotary drum mower c - Tool Figure D.4 — Flail-mower 44 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) c - Mower d - Protective skirt e - Conditioning device Figure D.5 — Mower with a conditioning device D.2 Example of mower with articulated arm, not dealt with in this standard Figure D.6 — Mower with an articulated arm 45 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Annex E (informative) Examples of pictograms Hazard caused by tool rotation Hazard caused by objects projected 46 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Hazard caused by bringing a part of the mower into the transport or working position Do not put the foot on the upper protective device 47 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 98/37/EC on machinery Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements, except Essential Requirement(s) for all machines: 1.2.1, 1.2.2, st 1.2.3, 1.2.4, 1.2.6, 1.2.7, 1.3.1, 1.3.2 (1 par), 1.3.8.A, 1.5.8, 1.7.4 f), and for self-propelled machines: 1.1.4, nd rd th 1.5.1, 1.5.5, 1.5.9, 1.5.11, 3.1.2, 3.2.1, 3.2.2, 3.3.1 (2 , and par), 3.3.2, 3.3.3, 3.3.5, 3.4.3, 3.4.5, 3.4.6, 3.4.7, 3.4.8, 3.5.1, 3.5.2, 3.6.3.a), of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard." 48 标准分享网 www.bzfxw.com 免费下载 EN 745:1999+A1:2009 (E) Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements, except Essential Requirement(s) for all machines: 1.2.1, 1.2.2, st nd 1.2.3, 1.2.4, 1.2.6, 1.3.1, 1.3.2 (1 par), 1.3.8.1, 1.4.2.1 (2 paragraph), 1.5.8, 1.7.4.2 u), and additionally for nd rd th self-propelled machines: 1.1.4, 1.1.7, 1.1.8, 1.5.1, 1.5.5, 1.5.9, 1.5.11, 3.2.1, 3.2.2, 3.3.1 (2 , and par), 3.3.2, 3.3.3, 3.3.5, 3.4.2, 3.4.3, 3.4.5, 3.4.6, 3.4.7, 3.5.1, 3.5.2, 3.6.3.1, of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard." 49 BS EN 745:1999 +A1:2009 BSI - 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