www bzfxw com BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 637 1995 BS 2782 12 Method 1205A 1995 Plastics piping systems — Glass reinforced plastics components — Determination of the amounts of constituents using the gravi[.]
BRITISH STANDARD Plastics piping systems — Glass-reinforced plastics components — Determination of the amounts of constituents using the gravimetric method The European Standard EN 637:1994 has the status of a British Standard UDC 621.643.2-0.36:620.1:543.21 BS EN 637:1995 BS 2782-12: Method 1205A: 1995 BS EN 637:1995 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/61, Plastics piping systems and components, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Gas plc British Plastics Federation British Plumbing Fittings Manufacturers’ Association British Valve and Actuator Manufacturers’ Association Department of the Environment (British Board of Agrément) Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of the Environment (Property and Buildings Directorate) Department of Transport Electricity Association Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Health and Safety Executive Institute of Building Control Institute of Materials Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Gas Engineers Institution of Water and Environmental Management National Association of Plumbing, Heating and Mechanical Services Contractors Pipeline Industries Guild Plastics Land Drainage Manufacturers’ Association Society of British Gas Industries Society of British Water Industries Water Companies Association Water Services Association of England and Wales The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 July 1995 © BSI 01-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PRI/61 Draft for comment 92/37652 DC ISBN 580 24132 Association of Consulting Engineers Engineering Equipment and Materials Users’ Association Institution of Civil Engineers RAPRA Technology Ltd Water Research Centre Amendments issued since publication Amd No Date Comments BS EN 637:1995 Contents Committees responsible National foreword Foreword Scope Principle Apparatus Test piece Procedure Calculation and expression of results Test report © BSI 01-2000 Page Inside front cover ii 3 3 4 i BS EN 637:1995 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Materials and Chemicals and is the English language version of EN 637:1994 Plastics piping systems — Glass-reinforced plastics components — Determination of the amounts of constituents using the gravimetric method, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) It is incorporated into BS 2782 Methods of testing plastics — Part 12 Reinforced plastics pipes, fittings and valves, as Method 1205A:1995, for association with related test methods for plastics materials and plastics piping components This test method has been prepared for reference by other standards under preparation by CEN for specification of reinforced plastics piping systems and components It has been implemented to enable experience of the method to be gained and for use for other fresh applications It is also for use for the revision or amendment of other national standards as practicable, but it should not be presumed to apply to any existing standard or specification which contains or makes reference to a different test method until that standard/specification has been amended or revised to make reference to this method and adjust any requirements as appropriate A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages to and a back cover This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover ii © BSI 01-2000 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 637 NORME EUROPÉENNE April 1994 EUROPÄISCHE NORM UDC 621.643.2-036:620.1:543.21 Incorporates corrigendum January 1995 Descriptors: Pipelines, piping, plastic tubes, thermosetting resin, reinforced plastics, glass, components, determination of content, gravimetric analysis English version Plastics piping systems — Glass-reinforced plastics components — Determination of the amounts of constituents using the gravimetric method Systèmes de canalisations en plastique — Composants plastiques renforcés de verre — Détermination des teneurs des constituants par la méthode gravimétrique Kunststoff-Rohrleitungssysteme — Teile aus glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoffen — Ermittlung der Gehalte von Bestandteilen mit Hilfe des gravimetrischen Verfahrens This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-04-27 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ CEN European Committee for Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Europäisches Komitee für Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels © 1994 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref No EN 637:1994 E EN 637:1994 Foreword This standard was prepared by CEN/TC 155, Plastics piping systems and ducting systems This standard is a modification of the Draft International Standard ISO/DIS 7510 Pipes and fittings of glass-fibre reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) — Analysis of constituents — Gravimetric method, prepared by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) The modifications are of an editorial nature The material-dependent parameters and requirements are incorporated in the referring standard(s) No existing European Standard is superseded by this standard This standard is one of a series of standards on test methods which support system standards for plastics piping systems and ducting systems This standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 1994, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 1994 According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ © BSI 01-2000 EN 637:1994 Scope Test piece This standard specifies a method for the determination of constituent materials of a test sample cut from a glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) component intended for use in a piping system It includes determination of resin, glass, aggregate and filler contents, and determination of the type and arrangement of the constituent glass layers Two burning temperatures are given, related to the stability of the glass reinforcement at elevated temperatures Application to other composite components should be considered in the referring standard 4.1 Dimensions The dimensions of the test piece shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations but not less than 60 mm by 40 mm in area and shall be the full thickness of the component from which the test piece was taken It shall be cut square, have smooth edges and be free from dust 4.2 Number The number of test pieces shall be as specified in the referring standard Procedure Principle A test piece of known size and mass is heated to burn off the resin, and the residue is analysed by separating and weighing the constituents NOTE In the case of filled laminates, especially those containing fillers of small particle size (including thixotropic agents), accurate analysis of the constituents may prove difficult This is because of the difficulty in separating such fillers from the other constituents and the risk of some filler being lost during combustion NOTE Conditioning of the test piece is not required 5.1 Measure the axial and circumferential dimensions of the test piece to the nearest 0,1 mm Calculate and record the area A, in square metres 5.2 Heat the crucible in the furnace to (625 ± 20) °C for 15 Cool in the desiccator and weigh to the nearest 10 mg Record the mass, in grams, as m1 5.3 If a test piece is derived from a component within 36 h of manufacture, the following drying procedure may be omitted (in which case proceed to 5.4), otherwise dry the test piece as follows Heat the crucible and test piece in the oven to between 105 °C to 110 °C for h Cool the crucible and test piece in the desiccator and weigh to the nearest 10 mg Repeat the heating for periods of 30 until the mass is constant to within 10 mg Record this total mass, m2, in grams 5.4 Heat the crucible and test piece in a bunsen flame, a muffle or microwave furnace until the contents ignite Maintain the temperature so that the test piece burns uniformly Take care to prevent the combustion proceeding so rapidly that there is a loss of non-combustible residue, such as filler CAUTION Avoid breathing the potentially noxious vapours 5.5 Heat the crucible and residue in the muffle or microwave furnace at (625 ± 20) °C, or, if the reinforcement is unstable at 625 °C, at (550 ± 20) °C until all carbonaceous material has disappeared Cool the crucible and residue in the desiccator and weigh these to the nearest 10 mg Repeat these operations until a mass constant to within 10 mg is obtained Record the total mass m3, in grams ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ NOTE It is assumed that the following test parameters are set by the standard making reference to this standard: a) whether or not the types of glass reinforcement are to be separated [see item c) of 5.6 and item h) of clause 7]; b) details of the grammage and/or presence of synthetic fibre veil, if known (see 5.8 and 6.6); c) whether or not the glass content of each layer is to be determined (see 6.2); d) whether or not the filler content is to be determined (see 6.5) Apparatus 3.1 Crucible, of a suitable material and dimensions (see 4.1) 3.2 Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of 105 °C to 110 °C 3.3 Electric muffle furnace, or microwave furnace, capable of maintaining a temperature between 450 °C and 650 °C with an accuracy of ± 20 °C 3.4 Bunsen burner 3.5 Desiccator 3.6 Balance, accurate to mg 3.7 Sieves, of suitable mesh [see 5.6 b)] NOTE The time taken for the carbonaceous residue to disappear is largely dependent on the test piece shape It can be h or more, but is usually much less © BSI 01-2000 EN 637:1994 5.6 Separate off the residue m3 into its constituents as follows: a) separate the layers using tweezers or a spatula, noting the number of layers and their layout; b) for each layer, separate its constituents by scraping, shaking, brushing and/or sieving; NOTE If the quantity of filler is to be determined then suitable analytical techniques should be employed to separate the filler from the other residue c) if required, separate the various types of glass reinforcement 5.7 Determine the masses of the constituents as follows: a) weigh the aggregate to the nearest 10 mg and record the mass m4, in grams; b) to the nearest 10 mg, weigh and record the total mass of glass, m5t, in grams, and, if required, weigh to the nearest 10 mg the various types of glass and record the corresponding masses as m5a, m5b, etc., in grams; c) weigh the filler to the nearest 10 mg and record the mass m6, in grams 5.8 If the presence and grammage of any synthetic fibre veil included in the construction of the laminate is known or can be determined, estimate its mass, in grams, from the area of the test piece and the mass per unit area of the veil used Record the estimated mass m7, in grams 6.4 Calculate the aggregate content, ÒA, expressed as a percentage by mass, using the following equation: 6.5 If required, calculate the filler content, ÒF, expressed as a percentage by mass, using the following equation: 6.6 Calculate the estimated synthetic veil content (see 5.8), Òv, expressed as a percentage by mass, using the following equation: 6.7 Calculate the total mass of glass, mG,t, in grams per square metre, of the laminate using the following equation: 6.8 If required, calculate the individual masses of glass, mG,a, mG,b, mG,c, , in grams per square metre, of each individual layer of the laminate using the applicable equation from the following series: ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Calculation and expression of results Test report 6.1 Calculate the total glass content, ÒG,t, expressed as a percentage by mass, using the following equation: 6.2 If required, calculate the glass content of each individual layer, ÒG,a, ÒG,b, ÒG,c, , expressed as a percentage by mass, using the applicable equation from the following series: 6.3 Calculate the resin content, ÒR, expressed as a percentage by mass, using the following equation: The test report shall include the following information: a) a reference to this standard and the referring standard; b) the identification of the component tested; c) the dimensions of each test piece; d) the test temperatures (see 5.5); e) whether preliminary drying (see 5.2) was carried out; f) the percentage by mass of the constituents of the laminate; g) the total mass of glass, mG,t, of the laminate, in grams per square metre; h) if required, the number of layers, and the type, disposition, layout and individual percentage by mass of each individual glass layer; NOTE The determined mass of resin will include any glass sizing removed during combustion © BSI 01-2000 EN 637:1994 i) observations with regard to any irregularities noted during the test such as excessively rapid combustion (see 5.4) or glass instability (see 5.5); j) any factors which may have affected the results, such as any incidents or any operating details not specified in this standard; k) the date of test ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ © BSI 01-2000 BS EN 637:1995 BS 2782-12: Method 1205A: 1995 BSI — British Standards Institution BSI is the independent 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