00316811 PDF BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 380 1993 Timber structures — Test methods — General principles for static load testing The European Standard EN 380 1993 has the status of a British Standard UDC 69[.]
BRITISH STANDARD Timber structures — Test methods — General principles for static load testing The European Standard EN 380:1993 has the status of a British Standard UDC 694.04:624:011:1:624.04 BS EN 380:1993 BS EN 380:1993 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following countries Austria Belgium Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Iceland Ireland Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of Technical Committee B/518, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 November 1993 © BSI 12-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/518/1 Draft for comment 90/15570 DC ISBN 580 22318 Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut Institut belge de normalisation Dansk Standardiseringsraad Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y Association franỗaise de normalisation Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V Hellenic Organization for Standardization Technological Institute of Iceland National Standards Authority of Ireland Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Inspection du Travail et des Mines Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norges Standardiseringsforbund Instituto Portugs da Qualidade Asociación Espola de Normalización y Certificación Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige Association suisse de normalisation British Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd No Date Comments BS EN 380:1993 Contents Cooperating organizations National foreword Foreword Text of EN 380 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible © BSI 12-1999 Page Inside front cover ii Inside back cover i BS EN 380:1993 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of Technical Committee B/518, Structural timber It is the English language version of EN 380:1993 Timber structures — Test methods — General principles for static load testing published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) No existing British Standard is superseded A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover ii © BSI 12-1999 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 380 NORME EUROPÉENNE July 1993 EUROPÄISCHE NORM UDC 694.04:624:011:1:624.04 Descriptors: Timber construction, mechanical tests, static loads, breaking loads English version Timber structures — Test methods — General principles for static load testing Structures en bois — Méthodes d’essais — Principes généraux d’essais par chargement statique Holzbauwerke — Prüfverfahren — Allgemeine Grundsätze für die Prüfung unter statischen Belastungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1993-07-15 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom CEN European Committee for Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Europäisches Komitee für Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels © 1993 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref No EN 380:1993 E EN 380:1993 Foreword This European Standard was prepared by CEN/TC 124 “Timber structures” It was approved for the CEN final voting by the TC on 9th December 1991 This standard is one of a series of standards for test methods for building materials and components It was prepared by a working group under the convenorship of NSAI NOTE It is considered desirable to maintain the same clause numbers consistently throughout this series of standards Consequently, some clauses are void in this edition of this standard, but it is envisaged that future editions may need to include a text in these clauses This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 1994, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 1994 The standard was approved and in accordance with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom No existing European Standard is superseded Contents Foreword Scope Normative references Definitions Symbols General requirements Test methods for static loading 6.1 Principle 6.2 Number of tests 6.3 Apparatus 6.4 Preparation 6.5 Procedures 6.6 Results 6.7 Test report Figure — Schematic loading procedures Table — Basic loading procedure Page 3 3 3 3 3 5 4 © BSI 12-1999 EN 380:1993 Scope General requirements This standard specifies the general principles to be adopted for static load testing of timber structures It is intended for use where it is necessary to verify by test that a structure complies with stated criteria Relevant parts may be used for proof loading or for the testing of structures in service This standard is not intended to be used for testing of individual pieces of timber, individual joints or structural scaled models Materials and workmanship in the structure shall be, as far as practicable, of the minimum quality and dimensions allowed by the relevant specification The manufacture and assembly of the timber structure shall be representative of the production process likely to be used The moisture and temperature conditions at the time of test shall be representative of the likely in-service conditions Deviations may, however, be required for structures composed of materials with different time-dependent properties to obtain the same failure mode as in practice Normative references None Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply 3.1 maximum load load at failure; or load where substantial deformation continues without further increase in load; or the maximum load achieved up to a specified deformation or strain 3.2 timber structure member or assembly of members forming the whole or a part of a load bearing element of construction (e.g a joist or a truss or a floor panel or a wall panel) Symbols F Fmax Fmax,est G1 G2 Q T Tr ẵ â BSI 12-1999 load, in newtons maximum load, in newtons estimated maximum load, in newtons self weight of the structure, in newtons applied permanent load, in newtons characteristic value of variable load, in newtons loading time, in seconds recovery time, in seconds factor of less than unity modifying Fmax,est Test methods for static loading 6.1 Principle The principle of these test methods involves applying a stated regime of loading to a timber structure, over a stated period of time, and of observing the corresponding deformations and reporting the test results 6.2 Number of tests Wherever possible several identical structures of the same design shall be tested to permit the assessment of the variability of the test results NOTE The number of structures to be tested and their method of selection will depend on the probable variability in manufacture, the required level of confidence and the number of loading conditions to be applied 6.3 Apparatus The accuracy of loading and of deflection and load measurement shall be within ± % The test loading shall be both applied and resisted in a manner approximating to the actual service conditions Eccentricities, other than those necessary to simulate service conditions, shall be avoided at points of loading and reaction, and care shall be taken to ensure that no inadvertent restraints are present 6.4 Preparation Determine the density and moisture content of the materials in the structure When testing is carried out in a laboratory it shall be normally maintained at a relative humidity of (65 ± 5) % and a temperature of (20 ± 2) °C, unless required otherwise by the normal in-service condition of the test structure Departures from the required values shall be reported When testing is carried out other than in a laboratory e.g in situ, the environmental conditions of temperature and relative humidity existing during the test shall be reported EN 380:1993 6.5 Procedures 6.5.2 Maximum load — procedure 6.5.1 Basic loading procedure Procedure consists of the basic loading steps (0 – 7) concluding by increasing the load up to the maximum load Fmax (step – in Figure 1.) If considerable deformation occurs during the application of the load, reduce the rate of loading The basic loading procedure consists of the procedural steps (0 – 7) described in Table A diagrammatic representation of the loading procedure is given in Figure Table — Basic loading procedure Procedural step 0–1 1–2 2–3 3–4 4–5 5–6 – 7a a The Loading procedure Only G1 acting, and F=0 Apply F = G2 Maintain F = G2 Apply F = G2 + 0,5 Q Remove 0,5 Q Apply F = G2 + Q Maintain F = G2 + Q Increase F until ½Fmax,est is reached Time, in seconds U 120 U 120 U 120 U 240 U 200 U 600 6.5.3 Proof loading — procedure Procedure consists of the basic loading steps (0 – 7); the load is removed after a prescribed load ½Fmax,est(½ < 1) has been reached and the test ended (step – in Figure 1) NOTE This procedure is intended for proof loading and the case when the capacity at more than one load combination is tested The value of ½ depends on the confidence required in estimating the maximum load capacity maximum loading rate shall not exceed 0,25 Q per 60 s Figure — Schematic loading procedures © BSI 12-1999 EN 380:1993 6.5.4 Long-term deformation — procedure 6.7 Test report Procedure consists of the basic loading steps (0 – 7); the load ½Fmax,est is kept constant for a chosen period of time T The load is then removed and the recovery is measured during a chosen period Tr (steps – 10 – 11 – 12 in Figure 1) The test report shall include the following a) Sampling procedure b) Quality of materials: species or type, grade, density and moisture content Deviations from specifications c) Specifications of design Deviations from specification d) Conditions of testing, including methods, distribution of loading and of measuring loads and deformations Support conditions e) Test results Maximum load and deformation Load/deformation curves; deformation/time curves f) Type and position of fractures g) Nature and size of defects in the materials which contributed to failure h) A note of deviations from the general requirements for structures composed of materials with different time-dependent properties i) Information as to the environmental conditions of temperature and relative humidity and resultant changes in moisture content in the test structure, if relevant 6.5.5 Capacity after long-term loading — procedure This follows procedure but in this case the structure is reloaded to failure (steps – 10 – 11 – 12 – 13 in Figure 1) NOTE Procedures and are intended for the study of deformation at long-term loading and maximum load capacity after long-term loading 6.6 Results The deformation (e.g deflection) shall be measured at the number of points prescribed or as necessary to estimate the performance of the structure A minimum requirement is that the deformation is measured at the point of expected maximum deformation Measurements of load and deformation shall be recorded, preferably continuously A minimum requirement is that load and deformation is recorded at each load application or removal (i.e at the points marked by circles in Figure 1) and, additionally, at loading increments of above 0,1 Fmax,est During constant load, time and deformation shall normally be recorded continuously Where this is not possible it shall be recorded at least five times during the period of constant load (three points in between the starting and final points) © BSI 12-1999 blank BS EN 380:1993 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible The United Kingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee B/518, Structural timber, to Subcommittee B/518/1, Test methods, upon which the following bodies were represented: Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Structural Engineers Timber Research and Development Association Wood Panel Products Federation © BSI 12-1999 BS EN 380:1993 BSI — British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national 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